Key term | Definition |
Ageing population | A higher average age of the population. |
Demography | The statistical study of population trends, such as birth rates, death rates, age distribution, and net migration rates. |
Dismissal | The employer’s decision to terminate a worker’s employment contract, usually due to the worker’s incompetence and/or a breach of their employment contract. |
External factors | The issues or factors that are beyond the control of the organization, e.g., national minimum wage legislation. |
Flexitime | A form of flexible work practice that enables employees to work a set number of core hours each week, often at the office during peak periods of the day and/or week. |
Geographical mobility | The ability and willingness of employees to relocate to another location or country for work reasons. |
Gig economy | Labour markets in which people are on short-term, impromptu, temporary contracts. This includes freelance worker and independent contractors. |
Homeworking | Also referred to as work from home (WFH), this is an aspect of flexitime that involves people using their homes to conduct their jobs. |
Human resource management | HRM is a broad term used to describe the overall management of an organization's workforce, e.g. attracting, selecting, training, assessing, rewarding and retaining workers. |
Human resource planning | Also known as workforce planning, this is the management process of anticipating the organization’s current and future human resource needs. |
Internal factors | The issues or features that are within the control of the organization, e.g., staff remuneration and approaches to training. |
Labour mobility | Measures the extent to which workers have the ability and willingness to move between geographical locations and/or occupations for their employment. |
Migrant workers | People who move to other countries in search of better job opportunities. |
Net migration | This measures the difference between the number of people from abroad who enter a country (immigration) and the number of people who leave (emigration), usually for employment purposes. |
Occupational mobility | The ability and willingness of employees to do another job or pursue a different career. |
Portfolio workers | People who carry out several different jobs, often for different contractors, at the same time and usually on a temporary basis. |
Redundancy | Occurs when an organization no longer has a job for the employee or when the employer can no longer afford to hire the employee, i.e., the job ceases to exist. |
Teleworking | Flexible working practice that involves employees being away from the office as they rely on the use of telecommunications technologies, e.g. Internet and mobile technologies. |
Training | This is the provision of work-related education, either on-the-job or off-the-job, such as instructing and teaching (or mentoring) employees how to perform certain tasks in their job. |
Workforce | The total number of employees in a business organization at any particular point in time. |
Workforce planning | Also known as human resource planning, this refers to the ongoing process through which the current and future human resource needs of a business are identified and anticipated. |