File "secondary-sources.html"
Path: /ThinkIB/englisha/englishalanglit/page/15021/secondary-sourceshtml
File size: 207 KB
MIME-type: text/html
Charset: utf-8
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','0x0x');
</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=Edge">
<title>DP English A: Language & Literature: Secondary sources</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="robots" content="none"><meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow">
<!-- Removed by WebCopy --><!--<base href="https://www.student.thinkib.net">--><!-- Removed by WebCopy --><meta name="keywords" content="separate tags by commasEnglish A: Language & Literature, ThinkIB.net, InThinking, IB, IBDP, IBMYP"><meta name="description" content="Secondary sources. ThinkIB.net English A: Language & Literature is an InThinking website.">
<link href="../../../css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="../../../css/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="../../../css/top-nav.min.css?v=202303031505" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="../../../css/style.min.css?v=202303031505" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="../../../css/style-ib.min.css?v=202303031505" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../js/jq-fancybox/jquery.fancybox.min.css">
<link href="../../../js/jq-fancybox/jquery.fancybox.min.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/side-nav.min.css?v=202303031505"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/css/ckeditor5-custom.css" type="text/css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/std-access.min.css?v=202303161700"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/snippets.min.css?v=202303031505"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/article.min.css?v=202303161700"><script src="../../../js/localdates.min.js?v=202009290900"></script><script src="../../../js/ifvisible.min.js"></script><script>ifvisible.setIdleDuration(300);</script><script>var tibSitename = "englishalanglit";</script>
<script>
const SITE_TAG = "ib"
const SITE_WEB = "ThinkIB.net"
const SITE_DOMAIN = "www.thinkib.net"
const SITE_URI = "https://thinkib.net"
const SITE_CLIENT_CODE = "TIB000001"
let imageThinker = "https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/header-thinker-ib.svg";
let imageStudent = "https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/header-student-thinkib.svg";
</script>
<script>var userHash = "3nahh", userTicket = "0x0x";</script><script src="../../../js/user/local-stats.min.js?v=202102101800"></script><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="57x57" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="60x60" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="76x76" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-196x196.png" sizes="196x196"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-128.png" sizes="128x128"><meta name="application-name" content=" "><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#FFFFFF"><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-144x144.png"><meta name="msapplication-square70x70logo" content="https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-70x70.png"><meta name="msapplication-square150x150logo" content="https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-150x150.png"><meta name="msapplication-wide310x150logo" content="https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-310x150.png"><meta name="msapplication-square310x310logo" content="https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-310x310.png">
</head>
<body onunload="" class="student-access">
<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=0x0x" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<div id="header">
<div class="wmap">
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="pull-right visible-phone">
<a href="https://www.inthinking.net">
<img src="../../../thinkib/header-logo.svg" style="height: 45px; width: auto">
</a>
</div>
<div class="visible-phone" style="clear:both;"></div>
<div class="pull-left">
<h1><a href="../../../englishalanglit.html?lg=39603"><span style="font-size: .8em;font-family: 'Helvetica Narrow','Arial Narrow',Tahoma,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-stretch: condensed;letter-spacing: -1px">IBDP English A: Language & Literature - Student pages</span></a></h1>
<p class="slogan hidden-phone"><span class="slogan"><em>InThinking</em> Subject Sites for teachers & their classes</span></p>
<p class="hidden-phone"><em>Group: IB Students<br>Teacher: My doggo</em></p>
</div>
<div class="pull-right text-right">
<a class="hidden-phone" href="https://www.inthinking.net">
<img src="../../../thinkib/header-logo.svg" style="height: 70px; width: auto">
</a>
<div class="search"><a href="#" class="toggle-menu-search" data-toggle="dropdown" title="Search"><i class="fa fa-2x fa-search"></i></a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="topmenu">
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<div>
<nav class="top-nav"><ul class="level-0"><li><a href="../../../englishalanglit.html?lg=39603"><i class="fa fa-home"></i> Home</a></li><li><a href="../39279/getting-started-students.html">Getting Started: Students</a></li><li><a href="../28558/the-course-.html">The course </a></li><li><a href="../28566/areas-of-exploration-.html">Areas of exploration </a></li><li><a href="../28567/concepts-.html">Concepts </a></li><li><a href="../28564/assessment-.html">Assessment </a></li><li><a href="../28556/resources-.html">Resources </a></li><li><a href="../2526/ib-core.html">IB Core</a></li><li class="selected"><a href="../37314/the-old-course-.html">The old course </a></li></ul></nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<nav id="nav-menu-search" class="shadow-md" style="display: none;">
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<form class="form-inline" role="search" method="get" action="englishalanglit/search">
<input id="nav-search" name="s" type="search" placeholder="Search English A: Language & Literature..." value="">
<button class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" type="submit">
Search
</button>
<a href="#" class="toggle-menu-search" title="Close">
<i class="fa fa-lg fa-times gray"></i>
</a>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<div id="container" class="container-fluid">
<div id="content">
<div class="row-fluid">
<div id="left-column" class="span3"> <div id="userbox">
<div class="dropdown" style="display: flex; align-items: center;">
<a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle btn">
<img style="width: 16px; height: 16px; margin: -2px 0 0 0;" src="../../../thinkib/user/generic/IBRR.jpg">
IB Docs (2) Team<i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" id="menu1">
<li><a href="../../../englishalanglit.html?lg=39603"><i class="fa fa-caret-right fixwidth gray"></i> IBDP English A: Language & Literature</a></li><li class="divider"></li><li><a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net"><i class="fa fa-dashboard fixwidth colored"></i> Dashboard</a></li><li><a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net/?pan=tasks"><i class="fa fa-pencil fixwidth colored"></i> All tasks</a></li><li><a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net/std/profile-editor"><i class="fa fa-user fixwidth colored"></i> My profile</a></li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net?logout=1">
<i class="fa fa-power-off fixwidth"></i> Log out
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div><div id="std-side-box" data-pid="1297" style="background: #f6f6f6; margin-bottom: 20px;"><div id="usernav" style="margin: 0; padding: 0px;"> <div class="row-fluid accordion-group" style="border: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"> <div class="" style="padding: 6px 4px 6px 8px; background: #E89C12;"> <a class="accordion-toggle std-header" style="color: #fff; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #444; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; " data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#usernav" href="#side-box-content-assignments"> <i class="fa fa-caret-right white" style="margin-left: 4px;"></i> Tasks </a> </div> <div id="side-box-content-assignments" class="accordion-body collapse"> <div class="accordion-inner" style="line-height: 1.7em;"><span style="background: #dbdbdb; text-shadow: none; font-size: .9em; padding: 5px 2px; margin-bottom: 6px;width: 100%;display: block;"> Active tasks</span><ul style="margin: 0;"><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/480392/paper-2-sample-response-2-the-reader-and-the-god-of-small-things.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 2: Sample Response 2 (The Reader and The God of Small Things) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/480393/paper-2-sample-response-3-ghosts-and-the-bluest-eye.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 2: Sample Response 3 (Ghosts and The Bluest Eye) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/485698/paper-1-practice-texts-to-go-book-reviews.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 1 Practice Texts to Go: Book Reviews </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523953/may-2022-paper-1s.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> May 2022 Paper 1s </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523954/2022-paper-1-sample-response-1-climate-change.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2022 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Climate Change) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523955/2022-paper-1-sample-response-2-climate-change.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2022 Paper 1: Sample Response 2 (Climate Change) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523956/2022-paper-1-sample-response-3-climate-change.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2022 Paper 1: Sample Response 3 (Climate Change) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523957/2022-paper-1-sample-response-1-travel-blog.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2022 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Travel Blog) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523958/2022-paper-1-sample-response-2-travel-blog.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2022 Paper 1: Sample Response 2 (Travel Blog) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523959/2022-paper-1-sample-response-3-travel-blog.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2022 Paper 1: Sample Response 3 (Travel Blog) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523960/2021-paper-1-sample-response-1-infographic.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Infographic) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523961/2021-paper-1-sample-response-2-infographic.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 2 (Infographic) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523962/2021-paper-1-sample-response-3-infographic.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 3 (Infographic) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523963/2021-paper-1-sample-response-4-infographic.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 4 (Infographic) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523964/2021-paper-1-sample-response-5-infographic.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 5 (Infographic) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523965/2021-paper-1-sample-response-1-tandoori-food.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Tandoori Food) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523966/2021-paper-1-sample-response-3-tandoori-food.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 3 (Tandoori Food) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523967/2021-paper-1-sample-response-4-tandoori-food.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 4 (Tandoori Food) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523968/2021-paper-1-sample-response-5-tandoori-food.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 5 (Tandoori Food) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523969/2021-paper-1-sample-response-1-yoruba-twins.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Yoruba Twins) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523970/2021-paper-1-sample-response-2-yoruba-twins.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 2 (Yoruba Twins) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523971/2021-paper-1-sample-response-2-jake-likes-onions.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 2 (Jake Likes Onions) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523972/2022-paper-1-sample-response-1-first-dog-on-the-moon.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2022 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (First Dog on the Moon) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523973/2022-paper-1-sample-response-1-ode-to-cauliflower.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2022 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Ode to Cauliflower) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523974/2021-paper-1-sample-response-1-housewives.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Housewives) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523975/2021-paper-1-sample-response-1-humor-that-works.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> 2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Humor That Works) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523976/november-2021-paper-1s.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> November 2021 Paper 1s </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523977/november-2022-paper-1s.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> November 2022 Paper 1s </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523978/pre-2021-paper-1s.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Pre-2021 Paper 1s </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523979/paper-1-sample-response-1-how-to-attract-women-without-even-tryi.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (How to Attract Women Without Even Trying) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523980/paper-1-sample-response-2-george-monbiot-the-unlearning.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 1: Sample Response 2 (George Monbiot, The Unlearning) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523981/paper-1-sample-response-3-george-monbiot-embarrassment-of-riches.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 1: Sample Response 3 (George Monbiot, Embarrassment of Riches) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523982/paper-1-sample-response-13-watches.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 1: Sample Response 13 (Watches) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523983/paper-1-sample-response-14-aspen-trees.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 1: Sample Response 14 (Aspen Trees) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523984/paper-1-specimen-paper-slavery-today.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 1: Specimen Paper (Slavery Today) </a></span></li><li class="task"><span><a href="../../task/523985/paper-2-sample-response-4-a-dolls-house-and-the-crucible.html"><i class="fa fa-file fa-fw colored fixwidth" title="Reading task"></i> Paper 2: Sample Response 4 (A Doll’s House and The Crucible) </a></span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><br><div id="topicsnav" style="margin: 0; padding: 0px;"> <div class="row-fluid accordion-group" style="border: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"> <div style="padding: 6px 4px 6px 8px; background: #204a87;"> <a class="accordion-toggle std-header" style="color: #fff; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #444; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#topicsnav" href="#side-box-topics-list"> <i class="fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90 white" style="margin-left: 4px;"></i> Topics </a> <span id="sidetreecontrol"> <a title="Collapse all" rel="collapse" href="#"> <i class="fa fa-minus-circle"></i> </a> <a title="Expand all" rel="expand" href="#"> <i class="fa fa-plus-circle"></i> </a> </span> </div> <div id="side-box-topics-list" class="accordion-body in collapse"> <div class="accordion-inner" style="line-height: 1.7em; padding: 0;"> <nav class="side-nav" id="sidemenu"><ul class="level-0 always-expanded"><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39279/getting-started-students.html" title="Getting Started: Students">Getting Started: Students</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46963/the-course.html" title="The course">The course</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39280/assessment-exemplars-and-exam-revision.html" title="Assessment, exemplars and exam revision">Assessment, exemplars and exam revision</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43198/paper-1-.html" title="Paper 1 ">Paper 1 </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43192/what-is-it-.html" title="What is it? ">What is it? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43193/what-is-a-guiding-question.html" title="What is a guiding question?">What is a guiding question?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43253/how-am-i-graded.html" title="How am I graded?">How am I graded?</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43254/can-i-read-an-example-.html" title="Can I read an example? ">Can I read an example? </a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43256/2021-paper-1-sample-response-1-tandoori-food-.html" title="2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Tandoori Food) ">2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 1 (Tandoori Food) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43257/2021-paper-1-sample-response-2-tandoori-food-.html" title="2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 2 (Tandoori Food) ">2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 2 (Tandoori Food) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43258/2021-paper-1-sample-response-3-tandoori-food-.html" title="2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 3 (Tandoori Food) ">2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 3 (Tandoori Food) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43259/2021-paper-1-sample-response-4-tandoori-food.html" title="2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 4 (Tandoori Food)">2021 Paper 1: Sample Response 4 (Tandoori Food)</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43437/do-you-have-a-step-by-step-process-for-what-to-do-in-the-actual-.html" title="Do you have a step-by-step process for what to do in the actual exam?">Do you have a step-by-step process for what to do in the actual exam?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43438/how-do-i-prepare-for-my-paper-1-exam.html" title="How do I prepare for my Paper 1 exam?">How do I prepare for my Paper 1 exam?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43439/how-do-i-organize-my-paper-1.html" title="How do I organize my Paper 1?">How do I organize my Paper 1?</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44395/paper-2-.html" title="Paper 2 ">Paper 2 </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44396/what-is-it-.html" title="What is it? ">What is it? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44397/what-types-of-questions-will-be-asked.html" title="What types of questions will be asked?">What types of questions will be asked?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44398/how-am-i-graded.html" title="How am I graded?">How am I graded?</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44399/can-i-read-an-example-.html" title="Can I read an example? ">Can I read an example? </a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44400/paper-2-sample-response-1-never-let-me-go-and-extremely-loud-and.html" title="Paper 2: Sample Response 1 (Never Let Me Go and Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close)">Paper 2: Sample Response 1 (Never Let Me Go and Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44401/paper-2-sample-response-2-the-reader-and-the-god-of-small-things.html" title="Paper 2: Sample Response 2 (The Reader and The God of Small Things) ">Paper 2: Sample Response 2 (The Reader and The God of Small Things) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44402/paper-2-sample-response-3-a-dolls-house-and-the-crucible-.html" title="Paper 2: Sample Response 3 (A Doll’s House and The Crucible) ">Paper 2: Sample Response 3 (A Doll’s House and The Crucible) </a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44403/do-you-have-a-step-by-step-process-for-what-to-do-in-the-actual-.html" title="Do you have a step-by-step process for what to do in the actual exam? ">Do you have a step-by-step process for what to do in the actual exam? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44404/how-do-i-prepare-for-my-paper-2-exam-.html" title="How do I prepare for my Paper 2 exam? ">How do I prepare for my Paper 2 exam? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44405/how-do-i-organize-my-paper-2-.html" title="How do I organize my Paper 2? ">How do I organize my Paper 2? </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39457/individual-oral-.html" title="Individual oral ">Individual oral </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39458/what-is-it.html" title="What is it?">What is it?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40091/what-are-global-issues.html" title="What are global issues?">What are global issues?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39459/how-am-i-graded.html" title="How am I graded?">How am I graded?</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39462/can-i-listen-to-an-example-.html" title="Can I listen to an example? ">Can I listen to an example? </a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44388/student-model-example-1-masters-of-war-and-requiem-for-the-ameri.html" title="Student Model Example 1 (Masters of War and Requiem for the American Dream)">Student Model Example 1 (Masters of War and Requiem for the American Dream)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39460/teacher-model-example-1-macbeth-and-ww1-propaganda-poster.html" title="Teacher Model Example 1 (Macbeth and WW1 Propaganda Poster)">Teacher Model Example 1 (Macbeth and WW1 Propaganda Poster)</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39560/how-do-i-prepare-for-my-individual-oral.html" title="How do I prepare for my Individual Oral?">How do I prepare for my Individual Oral?</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39561/step-1-choose-your-topic.html" title="Step 1: Choose your topic">Step 1: Choose your topic</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39562/step-2-pick-your-extracts-and-annotate-them-and-the-workbody-of-.html" title="Step 2: Pick your extracts and annotate them (and the work/body of work)">Step 2: Pick your extracts and annotate them (and the work/body of work)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39564/step-3-create-an-unofficial-outline.html" title="Step 3: Create an unofficial outline">Step 3: Create an unofficial outline</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39565/step-4-create-your-official-ib-outline-and-rehearse.html" title="Step 4: Create your official IB outline and rehearse">Step 4: Create your official IB outline and rehearse</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39566/step-5-practice-practice-practice.html" title="Step 5: Practice, practice, practice">Step 5: Practice, practice, practice</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../39567/step-6-deliver-your-individual-oral.html" title="Step 6: Deliver your Individual Oral">Step 6: Deliver your Individual Oral</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40148/higher-level-essay-.html" title="Higher level essay ">Higher level essay </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40157/what-is-it-.html" title="What is it? ">What is it? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40158/what-is-a-line-of-inquiry.html" title="What is a line of inquiry?">What is a line of inquiry?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40160/how-am-i-graded.html" title="How am I graded?">How am I graded?</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40162/can-i-read-an-example-.html" title="Can I read an example? ">Can I read an example? </a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40152/model-example-1-szymborska-poetry-.html" title="Model example 1 (Szymborska Poetry) ">Model example 1 (Szymborska Poetry) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40154/model-example-2-george-monbiot.html" title="Model example 2 (George Monbiot)">Model example 2 (George Monbiot)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40153/model-example-3-white-noise-.html" title="Model example 3 (White Noise) ">Model example 3 (White Noise) </a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40240/can-you-help-me-with-the-entire-process.html" title="Can you help me with the entire process?">Can you help me with the entire process?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40242/do-you-have-a-checklist-to-help-me-out.html" title="Do you have a checklist to help me out?">Do you have a checklist to help me out?</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46964/learner-portfolio-.html" title="Learner Portfolio ">Learner Portfolio </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46965/more-about-the-learner-portfolio.html" title="More about the Learner Portfolio">More about the Learner Portfolio</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28558/the-course-.html" title="The course ">The course </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29037/creating-student-accounts.html" title="Creating student accounts">Creating student accounts</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28561/requirements.html" title="Requirements">Requirements</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29267/learner-portfolio.html" title="Learner Portfolio">Learner Portfolio</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29269/explaining-the-learner-portfolio-to-students.html" title="Explaining the Learner Portfolio to Students">Explaining the Learner Portfolio to Students</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29268/formatting-the-learner-portfolio.html" title="Formatting the Learner Portfolio">Formatting the Learner Portfolio</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28560/principles-of-course-design.html" title="Principles of course design">Principles of course design</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29983/bodies-of-work.html" title="Bodies of work">Bodies of work</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37316/bodies-of-work-a-curated-list.html" title="Bodies of Work - A Curated List">Bodies of Work - A Curated List</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28566/areas-of-exploration-.html" title="Areas of exploration ">Areas of exploration </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28568/readers-writers-and-texts.html" title="Readers, writers and texts">Readers, writers and texts</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28578/requirements.html" title="Requirements">Requirements</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28569/time-and-space.html" title="Time and space">Time and space</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28583/requirements.html" title="Requirements">Requirements</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../34803/black-lives-matter.html" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../34802/part-1-the-language-of-a-movement.html" title="Part 1 - The Language of a Movement">Part 1 - The Language of a Movement</a></li></ul></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28570/intertextuality-connecting-texts.html" title="Intertextuality: connecting texts">Intertextuality: connecting texts</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28587/requirements.html" title="Requirements">Requirements</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28589/teaching-resources.html" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28567/concepts-.html" title="Concepts ">Concepts </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28571/identity.html" title="Identity">Identity</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29029/teaching-resources.html" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28572/culture.html" title="Culture">Culture</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28573/creativity.html" title="Creativity">Creativity</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28574/communication.html" title="Communication">Communication</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31252/metoo-gender-and-power-.html" title="#MeToo - Gender and Power ">#MeToo - Gender and Power </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31255/fake-news-.html" title="Fake News ">Fake News </a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28575/perspective.html" title="Perspective">Perspective</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31253/metoo-gender-and-power-.html" title="#MeToo - Gender and Power ">#MeToo - Gender and Power </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31734/exploring-the-natural-world-an-opinion-columnists-body-of-work-.html" title="Exploring the Natural World – An Opinion Columnist’s Body of Work ">Exploring the Natural World – An Opinion Columnist’s Body of Work </a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28576/transformation.html" title="Transformation">Transformation</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../32851/the-language-of-infectious-disease-covid-19.html" title="The Language of Infectious Disease - COVID-19">The Language of Infectious Disease - COVID-19</a></li></ul></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28577/representation.html" title="Representation">Representation</a></li></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28564/assessment-.html" title="Assessment ">Assessment </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28591/paper-1.html" title="Paper 1">Paper 1</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30239/tips-.html" title="Tips ">Tips </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30222/criteria-.html" title="Criteria ">Criteria </a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30240/skills-.html" title="Skills ">Skills </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30243/8-writing-tips-.html" title="8 writing tips ">8 writing tips </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="P1 sample work">P1 sample work</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../../task/523953.html" title="May 2022 Paper 1s">May 2022 Paper 1s</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../../task/523976.html" title="November 2021 Paper 1s">November 2021 Paper 1s</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Pre-2021 Paper 1s">Pre-2021 Paper 1s</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37572/paper-1-sample-response-8-mens-health-iii.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 8 (Men's Health iii)">Paper 1: Sample Response 8 (Men's Health iii)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37338/paper-1-sample-response-9-justin-gatlin.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 9 (Justin Gatlin)">Paper 1: Sample Response 9 (Justin Gatlin)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37341/paper-1-sample-response-10-justin-gatlin-.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 10 (Justin Gatlin) ">Paper 1: Sample Response 10 (Justin Gatlin) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37340/paper-1-sample-response-11-justin-gatlin-.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 11 (Justin Gatlin) ">Paper 1: Sample Response 11 (Justin Gatlin) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37339/paper-1-sample-response-12-justin-gatlin-.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 12 (Justin Gatlin) ">Paper 1: Sample Response 12 (Justin Gatlin) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../../task/523982.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 13 (Watches)">Paper 1: Sample Response 13 (Watches)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../../task/523983.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 14 (Aspen Trees)">Paper 1: Sample Response 14 (Aspen Trees)</a></li></ul></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30237/paper-1-practice-texts-to-go-.html" title="Paper 1: Practice Texts to Go ">Paper 1: Practice Texts to Go </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28592/paper-2.html" title="Paper 2">Paper 2</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30255/tips-.html" title="Tips ">Tips </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30270/criteria-.html" title="Criteria ">Criteria </a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30256/skills-.html" title="Skills ">Skills </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31697/revising-literary-works-for-paper-2.html" title="Revising Literary Works for Paper 2">Revising Literary Works for Paper 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30792/connecting-comparing-and-contrasting-in-paper-2.html" title="Connecting, Comparing and Contrasting in Paper 2">Connecting, Comparing and Contrasting in Paper 2</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46727/resources-for-students.html" title="Resources for Students">Resources for Students</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46723/preparing-for-paper-2.html" title="Preparing for Paper 2">Preparing for Paper 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46724/organizing-and-structuring-paper-2.html" title="Organizing and Structuring Paper 2">Organizing and Structuring Paper 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46722/step-by-step-paper-2-process.html" title="Step-by-Step Paper 2 Process">Step-by-Step Paper 2 Process</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28602/p2-sample-work.html" title="P2 sample work">P2 sample work</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28593/higher-level-essay.html" title="Higher level essay">Higher level essay</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30557/tips.html" title="Tips">Tips</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30273/criteria-.html" title="Criteria ">Criteria </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30272/skills-.html" title="Skills ">Skills </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28606/hle-sample-work.html" title="HLE sample work">HLE sample work</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28594/individual-oral.html" title="Individual oral">Individual oral</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36433/resources.html" title="Resources">Resources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../34550/introducing-the-individual-oral-to-students-a-powerpoint.html" title="Introducing the Individual Oral to Students (a PowerPoint)">Introducing the Individual Oral to Students (a PowerPoint)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36435/stages-of-support.html" title="Stages of Support">Stages of Support</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../32623/possible-outlines.html" title="Possible Outlines">Possible Outlines</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36434/how-to-prepare-for-your-individual-oral.html" title="How to Prepare for Your Individual Oral">How to Prepare for Your Individual Oral</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30559/global-issues.html" title="Global issues">Global issues</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30558/criteria-.html" title="Criteria ">Criteria </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30271/skills-.html" title="Skills ">Skills </a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28610/io-sample-work.html" title="IO sample work">IO sample work</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="2021 Individual Orals">2021 Individual Orals</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40184/2021-individual-oral-exemplar-1-brave-new-world-and-sara-rahbar.html" title="2021 Individual Oral: Exemplar 1 (Brave New World and Sara Rahbar)">2021 Individual Oral: Exemplar 1 (Brave New World and Sara Rahbar)</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Pre-2021 Individual Orals">Pre-2021 Individual Orals</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36777/individual-oral-exemplar-4-macbeth-and-ww1-propaganda-poster.html" title="Individual Oral: Exemplar 4 (Macbeth and WW1 Propaganda Poster)">Individual Oral: Exemplar 4 (Macbeth and WW1 Propaganda Poster)</a></li></ul></ul></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28556/resources-.html" title="Resources ">Resources </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30276/glossary-of-key-terms-for-language-and-literature.html" title="Glossary of Key Terms for Language and Literature">Glossary of Key Terms for Language and Literature</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30277/-accent.html" title="- Accent">- Accent</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30278/-actual-reader.html" title="- Actual reader">- Actual reader</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30279/-actual-writer-.html" title="- Actual writer ">- Actual writer </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30353/-adjective-.html" title="- Adjective ">- Adjective </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30448/-adverb.html" title="- Adverb">- Adverb</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30449/-alliteration.html" title="- Alliteration">- Alliteration</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30451/-allusion.html" title="- Allusion">- Allusion</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30452/-analogy.html" title="- Analogy">- Analogy</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30454/-anti-advertising-.html" title="- Anti-advertising ">- Anti-advertising </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30455/-antithesis-.html" title="- Antithesis ">- Antithesis </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30457/-appeal-to-authority-.html" title="- Appeal to authority ">- Appeal to authority </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30459/-appeal-to-fear.html" title="- Appeal to fear">- Appeal to fear</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30460/-audience.html" title="- Audience">- Audience</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30462/-bandwagon-effect.html" title="- Bandwagon effect">- Bandwagon effect</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30463/-bias-.html" title="- Bias ">- Bias </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30464/-cacophony-.html" title="- Cacophony ">- Cacophony </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30466/-caesura-.html" title="- Caesura ">- Caesura </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30467/-characterisation-.html" title="- Characterisation ">- Characterisation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30469/-clause-.html" title="- Clause ">- Clause </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30470/-cliche-cliche-.html" title="- Cliché (cliche) ">- Cliché (cliche) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30471/-coherence.html" title="- Coherence">- Coherence</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30472/-colloquialism.html" title="- Colloquialism">- Colloquialism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30473/-complex-sentence-.html" title="- Complex sentence ">- Complex sentence </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30475/-conflict-in-advertising-.html" title="- Conflict in advertising ">- Conflict in advertising </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30483/-conjunctions-.html" title="- Conjunctions ">- Conjunctions </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30484/-connotation-.html" title="- Connotation ">- Connotation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30476/-context-of-production-.html" title="- Context of production ">- Context of production </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30477/-context-of-reception-.html" title="- Context of reception ">- Context of reception </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30478/-core-vocabulary-.html" title="- Core vocabulary ">- Core vocabulary </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30479/-couplet-.html" title="- Couplet ">- Couplet </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30485/-crowdsourcing-.html" title="- Crowdsourcing ">- Crowdsourcing </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30481/-deictic-.html" title="- Deictic ">- Deictic </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30486/-denotation-.html" title="- Denotation ">- Denotation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30487/-denouement-.html" title="- Denouement ">- Denouement </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30488/-dialect-.html" title="- Dialect ">- Dialect </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30489/-diatribe-.html" title="- Diatribe ">- Diatribe </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30490/-direct-narration-.html" title="- Direct narration ">- Direct narration </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30492/-direct-speech-.html" title="- Direct speech ">- Direct speech </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30493/-dramatic-irony.html" title="- Dramatic Irony">- Dramatic Irony</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30515/-ellipsis.html" title="- Ellipsis">- Ellipsis</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30516/-end-stopped-line-.html" title="- End-stopped line ">- End-stopped line </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30517/-enjambement-.html" title="- Enjambement ">- Enjambement </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30518/-eponymous-.html" title="- Eponymous ">- Eponymous </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30519/-equivocation-.html" title="- Equivocation ">- Equivocation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30520/-ethos-.html" title="- Ethos ">- Ethos </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30521/-euphemism.html" title="- Euphemism">- Euphemism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30522/-first-person-point-of-view-.html" title="- First-person point-of-view ">- First-person point-of-view </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30523/-formalism.html" title="- Formalism">- Formalism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30524/-free-indirect-speech-.html" title="- Free indirect speech ">- Free indirect speech </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30527/-free-verse-.html" title="- Free verse ">- Free verse </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30525/-function-.html" title="- Function ">- Function </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30528/-gatekeeper-.html" title="- Gatekeeper ">- Gatekeeper </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30530/-generalizations-.html" title="- Generalizations ">- Generalizations </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30531/-genre-.html" title="- Genre ">- Genre </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30532/-graphology-.html" title="- Graphology ">- Graphology </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30533/-haiku-.html" title="- Haiku ">- Haiku </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30534/-hyperbole-.html" title="- Hyperbole ">- Hyperbole </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30535/-idiolect-.html" title="- Idiolect ">- Idiolect </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30536/-imagery-.html" title="- Imagery ">- Imagery </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30537/-indirect-narration-.html" title="- Indirect narration ">- Indirect narration </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30538/-intertextuality-.html" title="- Intertextuality ">- Intertextuality </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30539/-irony-.html" title="- Irony ">- Irony </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30540/-jargon-.html" title="- Jargon ">- Jargon </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30541/-juxtaposition-.html" title="- Juxtaposition ">- Juxtaposition </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30542/-language-.html" title="- Language ">- Language </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30543/-logos-.html" title="- Logos ">- Logos </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30544/-long-tail-marketing-.html" title="- Long tail marketing ">- Long tail marketing </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30545/-mash-up-.html" title="- Mash up ">- Mash up </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30546/-metaphor-.html" title="- Metaphor ">- Metaphor </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30548/-metonymy-.html" title="- Metonymy ">- Metonymy </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30549/-modality-.html" title="- Modality ">- Modality </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30550/-multivocal-.html" title="- Multivocal ">- Multivocal </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30551/-newsworthiness-.html" title="- Newsworthiness ">- Newsworthiness </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30552/-nominalisation-.html" title="- Nominalisation ">- Nominalisation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30553/-notifications-.html" title="- Notifications ">- Notifications </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30554/-noun-phrase-.html" title="- Noun Phrase ">- Noun Phrase </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30555/-onomatopoeia.html" title="- Onomatopoeia">- Onomatopoeia</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30560/-paralanguage-.html" title="- Paralanguage ">- Paralanguage </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30561/-pathos-.html" title="- Pathos ">- Pathos </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30562/-pay-per-click-.html" title="- Pay-per-click ">- Pay-per-click </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30563/-personalization-.html" title="- Personalization ">- Personalization </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30564/-personification-.html" title="- Personification ">- Personification </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30565/-phonlogical-.html" title="- Phonlogical ">- Phonlogical </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30566/-phrase.html" title="- Phrase">- Phrase</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30567/-problem-solution-technique-.html" title="- Problem / solution technique ">- Problem / solution technique </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30574/-pun.html" title="- Pun">- Pun</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30579/-reported-speech.html" title="- Reported speech">- Reported speech</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30583/-sensationalism-.html" title="- Sensationalism ">- Sensationalism </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30584/-setting-.html" title="- Setting ">- Setting </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30585/-shock-advertising-.html" title="- Shock advertising ">- Shock advertising </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30586/-simile-.html" title="- Simile ">- Simile </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30588/-slang-.html" title="- Slang ">- Slang </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30590/-slogan-.html" title="- Slogan ">- Slogan </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30591/-social-networking-.html" title="- Social networking ">- Social networking </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30592/-stereotyping.html" title="- Stereotyping">- Stereotyping</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30593/-super-crunching-.html" title="- Super crunching ">- Super crunching </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30594/-synecdoche-.html" title="- Synecdoche ">- Synecdoche </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30595/-testimonial-.html" title="- Testimonial ">- Testimonial </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30596/-textuality-.html" title="- Textuality ">- Textuality </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30597/-use-of-celebrities.html" title="- Use of celebrities">- Use of celebrities</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30598/-viral-.html" title="- Viral ">- Viral </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30581/second-person-point-of-view-copy.html" title="Second-person point-of-view (copy)">Second-person point-of-view (copy)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30582/semantic-field-copy.html" title="Semantic Field (copy)">Semantic Field (copy)</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29339/marking-criteria-for-classroom-use.html" title="Marking Criteria for Classroom Use">Marking Criteria for Classroom Use</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28897/powerpoint-introductions.html" title="PowerPoint Introductions">PowerPoint Introductions</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../33684/teaching-visual-and-multimodal-texts.html" title="Teaching Visual and Multimodal Texts">Teaching Visual and Multimodal Texts</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../35989/a-language-for-discussing-film.html" title="A Language for Discussing Film">A Language for Discussing Film</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2526/ib-core.html" title="IB Core">IB Core</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2922/extended-essay.html" title="Extended Essay">Extended Essay</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22218/criteria-first-exam-in-2018.html" title="Criteria (first exam in 2018)">Criteria (first exam in 2018)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22217/requirements-first-exam-in-2018.html" title="Requirements (first exam in 2018)">Requirements (first exam in 2018)</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11461/skills.html" title="Skills">Skills</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15436/extended-essays-studies-in-language-sample-topics-and-research-q.html" title="Extended Essays: Studies in Language Sample Topics and Research Questions">Extended Essays: Studies in Language Sample Topics and Research Questions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11463/research-questions.html" title="Research questions">Research questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8362/sample-essays.html" title="Sample essays">Sample essays</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36157/2020-ee-category-2-the-wind-up-bird-chronicle-and-we-have-always.html" title="2020 EE Category 2 (The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle and We Have Always Lived in the Castle)">2020 EE Category 2 (The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle and We Have Always Lived in the Castle)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../35919/2019-ee-category-1-nwa-song-lyrics-.html" title="2019 EE Category 1 (N.W.A Song Lyrics) ">2019 EE Category 1 (N.W.A Song Lyrics) </a></li></ul></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2921/theory-of-knowledge-tok.html" title="Theory of Knowledge (TOK)">Theory of Knowledge (TOK)</a></li></ul><li class="ancestor parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a class="" href="../37314/the-old-course-.html" title="The old course ">The old course </a></li><ul class="level-1 expanded"><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2846/part-1-2020-exams.html" title="Part 1 (2020 exams)">Part 1 (2020 exams)</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3131/topics.html" title="Topics">Topics</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19012/language-and-laughter.html" title="Language and Laughter">Language and Laughter</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8717/gender-sexuality.html" title="Gender & sexuality">Gender & sexuality</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2847/part-2-2020-exams.html" title="Part 2 (2020 exams)">Part 2 (2020 exams)</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3132/topics.html" title="Topics">Topics</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../7748/textual-bias.html" title="Textual bias">Textual bias</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8727/stereotypes.html" title="Stereotypes">Stereotypes</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8728/popular-culture.html" title="Popular culture">Popular culture</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8729/language-and-campaigns.html" title="Language and campaigns">Language and campaigns</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8730/language-and-the-state.html" title="Language and the state">Language and the state</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8731/media-institutions.html" title="Media institutions">Media institutions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8732/role-of-editing.html" title="Role of editing">Role of editing</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8733/use-of-persuasive-language.html" title="Use of persuasive language">Use of persuasive language</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8734/arts-and-entertainment.html" title="Arts and entertainment">Arts and entertainment</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2854/key-concepts.html" title="Key concepts">Key concepts</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3007/advertising-techniques.html" title="Advertising techniques">Advertising techniques</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3143/euphemisms.html" title="Euphemisms">Euphemisms</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../14529/guerrilla-ads.html" title="Guerrilla ads">Guerrilla ads</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../7385/sensationalism.html" title="Sensationalism">Sensationalism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9209/the-internet.html" title="The Internet">The Internet</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2521/part-3-2020-exams.html" title="Part 3 (2020 exams)">Part 3 (2020 exams)</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2857/works.html" title="Works">Works</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11053/key-concepts.html" title="Key concepts">Key concepts</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16038/characterisation-a-values-profile.html" title="Characterisation: A Values Profile">Characterisation: A Values Profile</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11077/characters-and-context.html" title="Characters and context">Characters and context</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11054/context-of-composition.html" title="Context of composition">Context of composition</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11322/context-of-interpretation.html" title="Context of interpretation">Context of interpretation</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23178/faction.html" title="Faction">Faction</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26934/intertextualty-introductory-activities.html" title="Intertextualty: Introductory Activities">Intertextualty: Introductory Activities</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16891/introducing-literature-in-context-a-summer-activity.html" title="Introducing Literature in Context: A Summer Activity">Introducing Literature in Context: A Summer Activity</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16124/letters-in-context.html" title="Letters in Context">Letters in Context</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16085/literature-characterisation-and-the-ib-learner-profile.html" title="Literature, Characterisation, and the IB Learner Profile">Literature, Characterisation, and the IB Learner Profile</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11056/marxism-feminism-freud.html" title="Marxism, feminism & Freud">Marxism, feminism & Freud</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15752/patterns-in-literature-parallelism-and-deviation.html" title="Patterns in Literature: Parallelism and Deviation">Patterns in Literature: Parallelism and Deviation</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26110/revising-part-3-texts.html" title="Revising Part 3 Texts">Revising Part 3 Texts</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16453/revision-with-twitterature.html" title="Revision With Twitterature">Revision With Twitterature</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15384/the-preconception-game.html" title="The Preconception Game">The Preconception Game</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15431/what-is-this-thing-called-literature.html" title="What is this thing called literature?">What is this thing called literature?</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9003/theoretical-reading.html" title="Theoretical reading">Theoretical reading</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2848/part-4-2020-exams.html" title="Part 4 (2020 exams)">Part 4 (2020 exams)</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15950/works.html" title="Works">Works</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2868/key-concepts.html" title="Key concepts">Key concepts</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8127/characterization-1.html" title="Characterization 1">Characterization 1</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11210/characterization-2.html" title="Characterization 2">Characterization 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11213/diction.html" title="Diction">Diction</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11167/exposition.html" title="Exposition">Exposition</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8975/figurative-language.html" title="Figurative language">Figurative language</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10940/imagery-5-senses.html" title="Imagery & 5 senses">Imagery & 5 senses</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10901/metaphor-simile.html" title="Metaphor & simile">Metaphor & simile</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10277/narrative-technique.html" title="Narrative technique">Narrative technique</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10281/theme.html" title="Theme">Theme</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16942/zones-of-proximity-an-activity-for-discussing-tone.html" title="Zones of Proximity: An Activity for Discussing Tone">Zones of Proximity: An Activity for Discussing Tone</a></li></ul></ul><li class="ancestor parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a class="" href="../2522/assessment-2020-exams.html" title="Assessment (2020 exams)">Assessment (2020 exams)</a></li><ul class="level-2 expanded"><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2534/paper-1.html" title="Paper 1">Paper 1</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2871/tips.html" title="Tips">Tips</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2870/criteria.html" title="Criteria">Criteria</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2873/skills.html" title="Skills">Skills</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9671/8-writing-tips.html" title="8 writing tips">8 writing tips</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11092/analyzing-tone.html" title="Analyzing tone">Analyzing tone</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10305/applying-cda.html" title="Applying CDA">Applying CDA</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20763/approaching-texts-line-by-line.html" title="Approaching Texts: Line by Line">Approaching Texts: Line by Line</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19972/comparative-textual-analysis-through-fiction-and-non-fiction.html" title="Comparative Textual Analysis Through Fiction and Non-fiction">Comparative Textual Analysis Through Fiction and Non-fiction</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20063/comparative-textual-analysis-working-with-genre.html" title="Comparative Textual Analysis: Working With Genre">Comparative Textual Analysis: Working With Genre</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../7324/compare-contrast.html" title="Compare & contrast">Compare & contrast</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../27400/eton-an-activity-in-text-choice.html" title="Eton: An Activity in Text Choice">Eton: An Activity in Text Choice</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3442/exploring-text-types.html" title="Exploring text types">Exploring text types</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../12409/integrating-quotes.html" title="Integrating quotes">Integrating quotes</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22928/rewriting.html" title="Rewriting">Rewriting</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11116/the-big-5.html" title="The Big 5">The Big 5</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2872/p1-sample-work.html" title="P1 Sample work">P1 Sample work</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16136/2013-paper-1-hl-the-imperial-war-museum.html" title="2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Imperial War Museum">2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Imperial War Museum</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16375/2013-paper-1-hl-the-imperial-war-museum-reopened.html" title="2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Imperial War Museum (Reopened)">2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Imperial War Museum (Reopened)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16148/2013-paper-1-hl-the-imperial-war-museum-revisited.html" title="2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Imperial War Museum (Revisited)">2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Imperial War Museum (Revisited)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16155/2013-paper-1-hl-the-reluctant-fundamentalist-versus-robin-cook.html" title="2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Reluctant Fundamentalist versus Robin Cook">2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Reluctant Fundamentalist versus Robin Cook</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19931/2013-paper-1-hl-the-reluctant-fundamentalist-versus-robin-cook-r.html" title="2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Reluctant Fundamentalist Versus Robin Cook Revisted">2013 Paper 1 (HL) The Reluctant Fundamentalist Versus Robin Cook Revisted</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15959/2013-paper-1-sl-crisis-at-christmas.html" title="2013 Paper 1 (SL) Crisis at Christmas">2013 Paper 1 (SL) Crisis at Christmas</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16408/2013-paper-1-sl-more-crisis-at-christmas.html" title="2013 Paper 1 (SL) More Crisis at Christmas">2013 Paper 1 (SL) More Crisis at Christmas</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17112/2014-paper-1-hl-fatherhood.html" title="2014 Paper 1 (HL) Fatherhood">2014 Paper 1 (HL) Fatherhood</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20510/2014-paper-1-hl-fatherhood-part-2.html" title="2014 Paper 1 (HL) Fatherhood (Part 2)">2014 Paper 1 (HL) Fatherhood (Part 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20582/2014-paper-1-hl-fatherhood-part-3-.html" title="2014 Paper 1 (HL) Fatherhood (Part 3) ">2014 Paper 1 (HL) Fatherhood (Part 3) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18747/2014-paper-1-sl-return-to-the-cagle-post.html" title="2014 Paper 1 (SL) Return to The Cagle Post">2014 Paper 1 (SL) Return to The Cagle Post</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18526/2014-paper-1-sl-the-cagle-post.html" title="2014 Paper 1 (SL) The Cagle Post">2014 Paper 1 (SL) The Cagle Post</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../25415/2015-paper-1-hl-surveillance.html" title="2015 Paper 1 (HL) Surveillance">2015 Paper 1 (HL) Surveillance</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22768/2016-paper-1-hl-chevrolet-cars.html" title="2016 Paper 1 (HL) Chevrolet Cars">2016 Paper 1 (HL) Chevrolet Cars</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28291/2016-paper-1-hl-environment.html" title="2016 Paper 1 (HL) Environment">2016 Paper 1 (HL) Environment</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21591/2016-paper-1-hl-income-inequality-.html" title="2016 Paper 1 (HL) Income Inequality ">2016 Paper 1 (HL) Income Inequality </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21677/2016-paper-1-hl-income-inequality-part-2.html" title="2016 Paper 1 (HL) Income Inequality (Part 2)">2016 Paper 1 (HL) Income Inequality (Part 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22281/2016-paper-1-hl-income-inequality-part-3.html" title="2016 Paper 1 (HL) Income Inequality (Part 3)">2016 Paper 1 (HL) Income Inequality (Part 3)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23293/2016-paper-1-sl-aggressiveness-and-readiness-gestures.html" title="2016 Paper 1 (SL) "Aggressiveness and Readiness Gestures"">2016 Paper 1 (SL) "Aggressiveness and Readiness Gestures"</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22731/2016-paper-1-sl-diary-listening-to-the-heart.html" title="2016 Paper 1 (SL) "Diary: Listening to the Heart"">2016 Paper 1 (SL) "Diary: Listening to the Heart"</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../24824/2017-paper-1-hl-electronic-texts.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Electronic Texts">2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Electronic Texts</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26136/2017-paper-1-hl-electronic-texts-part-2.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Electronic Texts (Part 2)">2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Electronic Texts (Part 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../25210/2017-paper-1-hl-wealth-and-happiness.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Wealth and Happiness">2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Wealth and Happiness</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../25277/2017-paper-1-hl-wealth-and-happiness-part-2.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Wealth and Happiness (Part 2)">2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Wealth and Happiness (Part 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../25379/2017-paper-1-hl-wealth-and-happiness-part-3.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Wealth and Happiness (Part 3)">2017 Paper 1 (HL) - Wealth and Happiness (Part 3)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../24784/2017-paper-1-sl-new-scientist.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (SL) "New Scientist"">2017 Paper 1 (SL) "New Scientist"</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26496/2017-paper-1-sl-new-scientist-part-2.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (SL) "New Scientist" (Part 2)">2017 Paper 1 (SL) "New Scientist" (Part 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../24969/2017-paper-1-sl-justice-hub.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (SL) Justice Hub">2017 Paper 1 (SL) Justice Hub</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26761/2017-paper-1-sl-justice-hub-part-2.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (SL) Justice Hub (Part 2)">2017 Paper 1 (SL) Justice Hub (Part 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26978/2017-paper-1-sl-justice-hub-part-3.html" title="2017 Paper 1 (SL) Justice Hub (Part 3)">2017 Paper 1 (SL) Justice Hub (Part 3)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26799/2018-paper-1-hl-bees.html" title="2018 Paper 1 (HL) Bees">2018 Paper 1 (HL) Bees</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26692/2018-paper-1-hl-robots.html" title="2018 Paper 1 (HL) Robots">2018 Paper 1 (HL) Robots</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../27487/2018-paper-1-sl-sharks.html" title="2018 Paper 1 (SL) Sharks">2018 Paper 1 (SL) Sharks</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../27939/2018-paper-1-sl-tasmania.html" title="2018 Paper 1 (SL) Tasmania">2018 Paper 1 (SL) Tasmania</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28379/2018-paper-1-sl-tasmania-part-2.html" title="2018 Paper 1 (SL) Tasmania (Part 2)">2018 Paper 1 (SL) Tasmania (Part 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31523/2019-paper-1-hl-running.html" title="2019 Paper 1 (HL) - Running">2019 Paper 1 (HL) - Running</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31306/2019-paper-1-hl-taxis.html" title="2019 Paper 1 (HL) - Taxis">2019 Paper 1 (HL) - Taxis</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31959/2019-paper-1-sl-smartphones.html" title="2019 Paper 1 (SL) - Smartphones">2019 Paper 1 (SL) - Smartphones</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../32276/2019-paper-1-sl-spending-time-not-money.html" title="2019 Paper 1 (SL) - Spending Time, Not Money">2019 Paper 1 (SL) - Spending Time, Not Money</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10294/p1-hl-s1-birds.html" title="P1 HL S1 (birds)">P1 HL S1 (birds)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9688/p1-hl-s2-chocolate.html" title="P1 HL S2 (chocolate)">P1 HL S2 (chocolate)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9823/p1-hl-s3-baby-girls.html" title="P1 HL S3 (baby girls)">P1 HL S3 (baby girls)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../14086/p1-hl-s4-hybrids.html" title="P1 HL S4 (hybrids)">P1 HL S4 (hybrids)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15127/p1-hl-s5-stress.html" title="P1 HL S5 (stress)">P1 HL S5 (stress)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15316/p1-sl-the-language-of-african-literature.html" title="P1 SL (The Language of African Literature)">P1 SL (The Language of African Literature)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9796/p1-sl-s1-saif-ali-khan.html" title="P1 SL S1 (Saif Ali Khan)">P1 SL S1 (Saif Ali Khan)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11153/p1-sl-s2-poverty.html" title="P1 SL S2 (poverty)">P1 SL S2 (poverty)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../14333/p1-sl-s3-finca.html" title="P1 SL S3 (finca)">P1 SL S3 (finca)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16485/paper-1-hl-visual-texts.html" title="Paper 1 (HL) Visual Texts">Paper 1 (HL) Visual Texts</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16793/paper-1-sl-how-to-attract-women.html" title="Paper 1 (SL) How to Attract Women">Paper 1 (SL) How to Attract Women</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16883/paper-1-sl-the-rings-of-saturn.html" title="Paper 1 (SL) The Rings of Saturn">Paper 1 (SL) The Rings of Saturn</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2535/paper-2.html" title="Paper 2">Paper 2</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2884/tips.html" title="Tips">Tips</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2874/criteria.html" title="Criteria">Criteria</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2883/skills.html" title="Skills">Skills</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9672/coherent-writing.html" title="Coherent writing">Coherent writing</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11035/outlines.html" title="Outlines">Outlines</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22410/paper-2-writing-effective-introductory-paragraphs.html" title="Paper 2: Writing Effective Introductory Paragraphs">Paper 2: Writing Effective Introductory Paragraphs</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9692/pie-structure.html" title="PIE structure">PIE structure</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../24588/the-ib-learner-profile-a-formative-assessment-task.html" title="The IB Learner Profile: A Formative Assessment Task">The IB Learner Profile: A Formative Assessment Task</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11117/unpacking-questions.html" title="Unpacking questions">Unpacking questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2882/p2-sample-work.html" title="P2 Sample work">P2 Sample work</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23578/2016-p2-hl-the-bluest-eye-and-ghosts-exemplar-1.html" title="2016 P2 HL (The Bluest Eye and Ghosts - Exemplar 1)">2016 P2 HL (The Bluest Eye and Ghosts - Exemplar 1)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23579/2016-p2-hl-the-bluest-eye-and-ghosts-exemplar-2.html" title="2016 P2 HL (The Bluest Eye and Ghosts - Exemplar 2)">2016 P2 HL (The Bluest Eye and Ghosts - Exemplar 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23580/2016-p2-hl-the-bluest-eye-and-ghosts-exemplar-3.html" title="2016 P2 HL (The Bluest Eye and Ghosts - Exemplar 3)">2016 P2 HL (The Bluest Eye and Ghosts - Exemplar 3)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22467/2016-p2-sl-hedda-gabler-and-master-harold-and-the-boys.html" title="2016 P2 SL (Hedda Gabler and Master Harold and the Boys)">2016 P2 SL (Hedda Gabler and Master Harold and the Boys)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22498/2016-p2-sl-persepolis-and-a-view-from-the-bridge.html" title="2016 P2 SL (Persepolis and A View from the Bridge)">2016 P2 SL (Persepolis and A View from the Bridge)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26166/2017-p2-hl-kitchen-and-king-lear.html" title="2017 P2 HL (Kitchen and King Lear)">2017 P2 HL (Kitchen and King Lear)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26510/2017-p2-hl-never-let-me-go-and-extremely-loud-and-incredibly-clo.html" title="2017 P2 HL (Never Let Me Go and Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close">2017 P2 HL (Never Let Me Go and Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26324/2017-p2-hl-the-great-gatsby-and-woman-at-point-zero.html" title="2017 P2 HL (The Great Gatsby and Woman at Point Zero)">2017 P2 HL (The Great Gatsby and Woman at Point Zero)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26080/2017-p2-sl-hedda-gabler-and-death-and-the-maiden-exemplar-2.html" title="2017 P2 SL (Hedda Gabler and Death and the Maiden - Exemplar 2)">2017 P2 SL (Hedda Gabler and Death and the Maiden - Exemplar 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../25852/2017-p2-sl-hedda-gabler-and-death-and-the-maiden.html" title="2017 P2 SL (Hedda Gabler and Death and the Maiden)">2017 P2 SL (Hedda Gabler and Death and the Maiden)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28064/2018-p2-hl-the-house-of-bernarda-alba-and-hedda-gabler.html" title="2018 P2 HL (The House of Bernarda Alba and Hedda Gabler)">2018 P2 HL (The House of Bernarda Alba and Hedda Gabler)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18353/competition-time.html" title="Competition Time!">Competition Time!</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18920/p2-sl-the-bride-price-and-one-day-in-the-life.html" title="P2 - SL (The Bride Price and One Day in the Life)">P2 - SL (The Bride Price and One Day in the Life)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16838/p2-hl-1984-the-things-they-carried-one-day-in-the-life.html" title="P2 HL (1984; The Things They Carried; One Day in the Life)">P2 HL (1984; The Things They Carried; One Day in the Life)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21389/p2-hl-city-of-glass-and-perfume.html" title="P2 HL (City of Glass and Perfume)">P2 HL (City of Glass and Perfume)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21232/p2-hl-persepolis-and-this-earth-of-mankind.html" title="P2 HL (Persepolis and This Earth of Mankind)">P2 HL (Persepolis and This Earth of Mankind)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15941/p2-hl-the-bell-jar-and-a-dolls-house.html" title="P2 HL (The Bell Jar and A Doll’s House)">P2 HL (The Bell Jar and A Doll’s House)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15917/p2-hl-the-bell-jar-and-one-flew-over-the-cuckoos-nest.html" title="P2 HL (The Bell Jar and One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest)">P2 HL (The Bell Jar and One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20709/p2-hl-the-reader-and-the-god-of-small-things-example-1.html" title="P2 HL (The Reader and The God of Small Things - Example 1)">P2 HL (The Reader and The God of Small Things - Example 1)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20794/p2-hl-the-reader-and-the-god-of-small-things-example-2.html" title="P2 HL (The Reader and The God of Small Things - Example 2)">P2 HL (The Reader and The God of Small Things - Example 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20471/p2-hl-things-fall-apart-death-of-a-salesman-a-dolls-house.html" title="P2 HL (Things Fall Apart, Death of a Salesman, A Doll's House)">P2 HL (Things Fall Apart, Death of a Salesman, A Doll's House)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8367/p2-hl-s1-disgrace.html" title="P2 HL S1 (Disgrace)">P2 HL S1 (Disgrace)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17158/p2-sl-the-kite-runner-and-a-hero-of-our-time.html" title="P2 SL (The Kite Runner and A Hero of Our Time)">P2 SL (The Kite Runner and A Hero of Our Time)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11094/p2-sl-s1-fielas-child.html" title="P2 SL S1 (Fiela's Child)">P2 SL S1 (Fiela's Child)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../13825/p2-sl-s2-persepolis.html" title="P2 SL S2 (Persepolis)">P2 SL S2 (Persepolis)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20868/paper-2-hl-the-reader-and-the-god-of-small-things-example-3.html" title="Paper 2 HL (The Reader and The God of Small Things - Example 3)">Paper 2 HL (The Reader and The God of Small Things - Example 3)</a></li></ul></ul><li class="ancestor parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a class="" href="../2536/written-tasks.html" title="Written tasks">Written tasks</a></li><ul class="level-3 expanded"><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2888/criteria.html" title="Criteria">Criteria</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2886/wt1-tips.html" title="WT1 Tips">WT1 Tips</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2889/wt1-skills.html" title="WT1 skills">WT1 skills</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11136/exploring-text-types.html" title="Exploring text types">Exploring text types</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15525/writing-rationales-for-written-tasks.html" title="Writing Rationales for Written Tasks">Writing Rationales for Written Tasks</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../25762/writing-for-a-reader-a-rewriting-activity.html" title="Writing for a Reader: A Rewriting Activity">Writing for a Reader: A Rewriting Activity</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10162/writing-proposals.html" title="Writing proposals">Writing proposals</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10160/writing-rationales.html" title="Writing rationales">Writing rationales</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2885/wt1-samples.html" title="WT1 Samples">WT1 Samples</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21911/from-ib-learner-profile-to-written-task.html" title="From IB Learner Profile to Written Task">From IB Learner Profile to Written Task</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28422/wt-sl-the-crucible.html" title="WT (SL) The Crucible">WT (SL) The Crucible</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23971/wt-1-hl-salome.html" title="WT 1 HL (Salome)">WT 1 HL (Salome)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23397/wt-1-from-idea-to-text-the-kite-runner.html" title="WT 1: From Idea to Text (The Kite Runner)">WT 1: From Idea to Text (The Kite Runner)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17383/wt-sl-back-in-the-bell-jar.html" title="WT SL (Back in the Bell Jar)">WT SL (Back in the Bell Jar)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15854/wt-sl-digging.html" title="WT SL (Digging)">WT SL (Digging)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../24143/wt-sl-gendered-advertising.html" title="WT SL (Gendered Advertising)">WT SL (Gendered Advertising)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16109/wt-sl-hinglish.html" title="WT SL (Hinglish)">WT SL (Hinglish)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22572/wt-sl-nineteen-eighty-four.html" title="WT SL (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">WT SL (Nineteen Eighty-Four)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15508/wt-sl-s1-the-bell-jar.html" title="WT SL S1 (The Bell Jar)">WT SL S1 (The Bell Jar)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9443/wt1-hl-s1-mandela.html" title="WT1 HL S1 (Mandela)">WT1 HL S1 (Mandela)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8699/wt1-hl-s2-collector.html" title="WT1 HL S2 (Collector)">WT1 HL S2 (Collector)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19543/wt1-hl-s3-things-fall-apart.html" title="WT1 HL S3 (Things Fall Apart)">WT1 HL S3 (Things Fall Apart)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19790/wt1-hl-s4-gender-stereotyping.html" title="WT1 HL S4 (Gender Stereotyping)">WT1 HL S4 (Gender Stereotyping)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22065/wt1-hl-s5-one-day-in-the-life-of-ivan-denisovich.html" title="WT1 HL S5 (One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich)">WT1 HL S5 (One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22902/wt1-hl-s6-the-black-cat.html" title="WT1 HL S6 (The Black Cat)">WT1 HL S6 (The Black Cat)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20192/wt1-sl-language-and-identity.html" title="WT1 SL (Language and Identity)">WT1 SL (Language and Identity)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20124/wt1-sl-reviving-gaelic.html" title="WT1 SL (Reviving Gaelic)">WT1 SL (Reviving Gaelic)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2892/wt1-sl-s1-2pac.html" title="WT1 SL S1 (2pac)">WT1 SL S1 (2pac)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9300/wt1-sl-s2-internet.html" title="WT1 SL S2 (Internet)">WT1 SL S2 (Internet)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10221/wt1-sl-s3-ck.html" title="WT1 SL S3 (CK)">WT1 SL S3 (CK)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19378/wt1-sl-s4-annie-dillard-.html" title="WT1 SL S4 (Annie Dillard) ">WT1 SL S4 (Annie Dillard) </a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11255/wt2-tips.html" title="WT2 Tips">WT2 Tips</a></li><li class="ancestor parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a class="" href="../12916/wt2-skills.html" title="WT2 Skills">WT2 Skills</a></li><ul class="level-4 expanded"><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../13755/quote-hunting.html" title="Quote hunting">Quote hunting</a></li><li class="current" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="secondary-sources.html" title="Secondary sources">Secondary sources</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../13598/thesis-statements.html" title="Thesis statements">Thesis statements</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16195/written-tasks-a-students-guide-to-getting-it-right.html" title="Written Tasks: A Student's Guide to Getting it Right">Written Tasks: A Student's Guide to Getting it Right</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15622/written-tasks-from-first-to-final-draft-the-magic-toyshop.html" title="Written Tasks: From First to Final Draft (The Magic Toyshop)">Written Tasks: From First to Final Draft (The Magic Toyshop)</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10161/wt2-questions-samples.html" title="WT2 Questions & samples">WT2 Questions & samples</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23595/wt2-q1-master-harold-and-the-boys.html" title="WT2 Q1 ("Master Harold" and the Boys)">WT2 Q1 ("Master Harold" and the Boys)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11104/wt2-q1-pieta.html" title="WT2 Q1 (Pieta)">WT2 Q1 (Pieta)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19281/wt2-q2-a-streetcar-named-desire.html" title="WT2 Q2 (A Streetcar Named Desire)">WT2 Q2 (A Streetcar Named Desire)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11049/wt2-q2-pygmalion.html" title="WT2 Q2 (Pygmalion)">WT2 Q2 (Pygmalion)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16956/wt2-q3-a-streetcar-named-desire.html" title="WT2 Q3 (A Streetcar Named Desire)">WT2 Q3 (A Streetcar Named Desire)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11979/wt2-q3-starkey.html" title="WT2 Q3 (Starkey)">WT2 Q3 (Starkey)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19663/wt2-q3-womens-health.html" title="WT2 Q3 (Women's Health)">WT2 Q3 (Women's Health)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../14009/wt2-q4-clockwork.html" title="WT2 Q4 (Clockwork)">WT2 Q4 (Clockwork)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../13783/wt2-q4-persepolis.html" title="WT2 Q4 (Persepolis)">WT2 Q4 (Persepolis)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11636/wt2-q5-aclu.html" title="WT2 Q5 (ACLU)">WT2 Q5 (ACLU)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17732/wt2-q6-little-red-cap-1.html" title="WT2 Q6 (Little Red Cap - 1)">WT2 Q6 (Little Red Cap - 1)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22299/wt2-q6-little-red-cap-2.html" title="WT2 Q6 (Little Red Cap - 2)">WT2 Q6 (Little Red Cap - 2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11076/wt2-q6-pretty-woman.html" title="WT2 Q6 (Pretty Woman)">WT2 Q6 (Pretty Woman)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15602/wt2-q6-the-magic-toyshop.html" title="WT2 Q6 (The Magic Toyshop)">WT2 Q6 (The Magic Toyshop)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9167/wt2-q6-vote-different.html" title="WT2 Q6 (Vote Different)">WT2 Q6 (Vote Different)</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2537/individual-oral-commentary.html" title="Individual oral commentary">Individual oral commentary</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2891/tips.html" title="Tips">Tips</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19075/using-technology-to-support-student-learning.html" title="Using Technology to Support Student Learning">Using Technology to Support Student Learning</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10033/criteria.html" title="Criteria">Criteria</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11211/skills.html" title="Skills">Skills</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10956/guiding-questions.html" title="Guiding questions">Guiding questions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16812/the-ioc-a-students-guide-to-preparing-and-presenting.html" title="The IOC: A Student's Guide to Preparing and Presenting">The IOC: A Student's Guide to Preparing and Presenting</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3121/ioc-sample-work.html" title="IOC Sample work">IOC Sample work</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21291/individual-oral-commentary-hl-death-of-a-naturalist.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (HL) Death of a Naturalist">Individual Oral Commentary (HL) Death of a Naturalist</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16864/individual-oral-commentary-hl-the-remains-of-the-day.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (HL) The Remains of the Day">Individual Oral Commentary (HL) The Remains of the Day</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16541/individual-oral-commentary-sl-shooting-an-elephant.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (SL) Shooting an Elephant">Individual Oral Commentary (SL) Shooting an Elephant</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16578/individual-oral-commentary-sl-shooting-an-elephant-2.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (SL) Shooting an Elephant (2)">Individual Oral Commentary (SL) Shooting an Elephant (2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16349/individual-oral-commentary-sl-the-great-gatsby.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Great Gatsby">Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Great Gatsby</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21018/individual-oral-commentary-sl-the-great-gatsby-2.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Great Gatsby (2)">Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Great Gatsby (2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21260/individual-oral-commentary-sl-the-great-gatsby-3.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Great Gatsby (3)">Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Great Gatsby (3)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17762/individual-oral-commentary-sl-the-remains-of-the-day-2.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Remains of the Day 2">Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Remains of the Day 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17770/individual-oral-commentary-sl-the-remains-of-the-day-3.html" title="Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Remains of the Day 3">Individual Oral Commentary (SL) The Remains of the Day 3</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2538/further-oral-activity.html" title="Further oral activity">Further oral activity</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2896/tips.html" title="Tips">Tips</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2894/criteria.html" title="Criteria">Criteria</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../12174/skills.html" title="Skills">Skills</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../12503/form-and-content.html" title="Form and content">Form and content</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../12175/proposing-and-reflecting.html" title="Proposing and reflecting">Proposing and reflecting</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3122/foa-samples.html" title="FOA Samples">FOA Samples</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18550/are-you-a-berliner-an-audio-foa-sample.html" title="Are You a Berliner? An Audio FOA Sample">Are You a Berliner? An Audio FOA Sample</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18770/duty-honor-country-a-further-oral-activity-sample.html" title="Duty, Honor, Country - A Further Oral Activity Sample">Duty, Honor, Country - A Further Oral Activity Sample</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20432/gender-inequality-in-technology-a-further-oral-activity-role-pla.html" title="Gender Inequality in Technology - A Further Oral Activity Role-Play Script">Gender Inequality in Technology - A Further Oral Activity Role-Play Script</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18619/head-injuries-retirement-a-further-oral-activity-script.html" title="Head Injuries = Retirement (A Further Oral Activity Script)">Head Injuries = Retirement (A Further Oral Activity Script)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18689/language-on-trial-a-further-oral-activity-script.html" title="Language on Trial--A Further Oral Activity Script">Language on Trial--A Further Oral Activity Script</a></li></ul></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2527/resources-2020-exams.html" title="Resources (2020 exams)">Resources (2020 exams)</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16748/assessment-and-feedback-forms.html" title="Assessment and Feedback Forms">Assessment and Feedback Forms</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Comparative Commentaries to Go">Comparative Commentaries to Go</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23080/comparative-commentaries-to-go-at-the-hofbrauhaus.html" title="Comparative Commentaries to Go: At the Hofbräuhaus">Comparative Commentaries to Go: At the Hofbräuhaus</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17764/comparative-commentaries-to-go-homophobia.html" title="Comparative Commentaries to Go: Homophobia">Comparative Commentaries to Go: Homophobia</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20557/comparative-commentaries-to-go-in-mourning.html" title="Comparative Commentaries to Go: In Mourning">Comparative Commentaries to Go: In Mourning</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20764/comparative-commentaries-to-go-rebellion.html" title="Comparative Commentaries to Go: Rebellion">Comparative Commentaries to Go: Rebellion</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2897/glossary.html" title="Glossary">Glossary</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3008/accent.html" title="Accent">Accent</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17274/actual-reader.html" title="Actual reader">Actual reader</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17275/actual-writer.html" title="Actual writer">Actual writer</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17271/adjective.html" title="Adjective">Adjective</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9822/alliteration.html" title="Alliteration">Alliteration</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11835/allusion.html" title="Allusion">Allusion</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9782/analogy.html" title="Analogy">Analogy</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17273/anaphora.html" title="Anaphora">Anaphora</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11262/anti-advertising.html" title="Anti-advertising">Anti-advertising</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17281/antithesis.html" title="Antithesis">Antithesis</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9790/appeal-to-authority.html" title="Appeal to authority">Appeal to authority</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9785/appeal-to-fear.html" title="Appeal to fear">Appeal to fear</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17282/audience.html" title="Audience">Audience</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9791/bandwagon-effect.html" title="Bandwagon effect">Bandwagon effect</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../7387/bias.html" title="Bias">Bias</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18173/cacophony.html" title="Cacophony">Cacophony</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18174/caesura.html" title="Caesura">Caesura</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18175/characterisation.html" title="Characterisation">Characterisation</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17327/clause.html" title="Clause">Clause</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18176/cliche-cliche.html" title="Cliché (cliche)">Cliché (cliche)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9691/coherence.html" title="Coherence">Coherence</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18177/colloquialism.html" title="Colloquialism">Colloquialism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17323/complex-sentence.html" title="Complex sentence">Complex sentence</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17324/compound-sentence.html" title="Compound sentence">Compound sentence</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11263/conflict-in-advertising.html" title="Conflict in advertising">Conflict in advertising</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17325/conjunctions.html" title="Conjunctions">Conjunctions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11269/connotation.html" title="Connotation">Connotation</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17328/context-of-production.html" title="Context of production">Context of production</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17329/context-of-reception.html" title="Context of reception">Context of reception</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17330/core-vocabulary.html" title="Core vocabulary">Core vocabulary</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18218/couplet.html" title="Couplet">Couplet</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9225/crowdsourcing.html" title="Crowdsourcing">Crowdsourcing</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16262/deictic.html" title="Deictic">Deictic</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16264/denotation.html" title="Denotation">Denotation</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18219/denouement.html" title="Denouement">Denouement</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3009/dialect.html" title="Dialect">Dialect</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18220/diatribe.html" title="Diatribe">Diatribe</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3282/direct-narration.html" title="Direct narration">Direct narration</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3285/direct-speech.html" title="Direct speech">Direct speech</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18221/dramatic-irony.html" title="Dramatic Irony">Dramatic Irony</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16265/ellipsis.html" title="Ellipsis">Ellipsis</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18222/end-stopped-line.html" title="End-stopped line">End-stopped line</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18277/enjambement.html" title="Enjambement">Enjambement</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18278/eponymous.html" title="Eponymous">Eponymous</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9788/equivocation.html" title="Equivocation">Equivocation</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2974/ethos.html" title="Ethos">Ethos</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11331/euphemism.html" title="Euphemism">Euphemism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3315/first-person-point-of-view.html" title="First-person point-of-view">First-person point-of-view</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3014/formalism.html" title="Formalism">Formalism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3286/free-indirect-speech.html" title="Free indirect speech">Free indirect speech</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18279/free-verse.html" title="Free verse">Free verse</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16266/function.html" title="Function">Function</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2984/gatekeeper.html" title="Gatekeeper">Gatekeeper</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9784/generalizations.html" title="Generalizations">Generalizations</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18281/genre.html" title="Genre">Genre</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16267/graphology.html" title="Graphology">Graphology</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18280/haiku.html" title="Haiku">Haiku</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18282/hyperbole.html" title="Hyperbole">Hyperbole</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3128/idiolect.html" title="Idiolect">Idiolect</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11802/imagery.html" title="Imagery">Imagery</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3283/indirect-narration.html" title="Indirect narration">Indirect narration</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16268/intertextuality.html" title="Intertextuality">Intertextuality</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9826/irony.html" title="Irony">Irony</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18283/jargon.html" title="Jargon">Jargon</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9576/juxtaposition.html" title="Juxtaposition">Juxtaposition</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3010/language.html" title="Language">Language</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2976/logos.html" title="Logos">Logos</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9223/long-tail-marketing.html" title="Long tail marketing">Long tail marketing</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11052/mash-up.html" title="Mash up">Mash up</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9577/metaphor.html" title="Metaphor">Metaphor</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9636/metonymy.html" title="Metonymy">Metonymy</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15293/modality.html" title="Modality">Modality</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15368/multivocal.html" title="Multivocal">Multivocal</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../7388/newsworthiness.html" title="Newsworthiness">Newsworthiness</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16273/nominalisation.html" title="Nominalisation">Nominalisation</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9226/notifications.html" title="Notifications">Notifications</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16271/noun-phrase.html" title="Noun Phrase">Noun Phrase</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9690/onomatopoeia.html" title="Onomatopoeia">Onomatopoeia</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16270/paralanguage.html" title="Paralanguage">Paralanguage</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2975/pathos.html" title="Pathos">Pathos</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9229/pay-per-click.html" title="Pay-per-click">Pay-per-click</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9228/personalization.html" title="Personalization">Personalization</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11260/personification.html" title="Personification">Personification</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16269/phonlogical.html" title="Phonlogical">Phonlogical</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10127/pla.html" title="PLA">PLA</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2819/plt.html" title="PLT">PLT</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11265/problem-solution-technique.html" title="Problem / solution technique">Problem / solution technique</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16261/pun.html" title="Pun">Pun</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3284/reported-speech.html" title="Reported speech">Reported speech</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9579/second-person-point-of-view.html" title="Second-person point-of-view">Second-person point-of-view</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16272/semantic-field.html" title="Semantic Field">Semantic Field</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../7386/sensationalism.html" title="Sensationalism">Sensationalism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2992/setting.html" title="Setting">Setting</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11261/shock-advertising.html" title="Shock advertising">Shock advertising</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9634/simile.html" title="Simile">Simile</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3086/slang.html" title="Slang">Slang</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9787/slogan.html" title="Slogan">Slogan</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9227/social-networking.html" title="Social networking">Social networking</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16263/stereotyping.html" title="Stereotyping">Stereotyping</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9230/super-crunching.html" title="Super crunching">Super crunching</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9637/synecdoche.html" title="Synecdoche">Synecdoche</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11264/testimonial.html" title="Testimonial">Testimonial</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3125/textuality.html" title="Textuality">Textuality</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9783/use-of-celebrities.html" title="Use of celebrities">Use of celebrities</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9224/viral.html" title="Viral">Viral</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17071/grading-criteria-on-one-page.html" title="Grading Criteria on One Page">Grading Criteria on One Page</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2899/secondary-sources.html" title="Secondary sources">Secondary sources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17667/essays-of-interest.html" title="Essays of Interest">Essays of Interest</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17976/if-black-english-isnt-a-language-then-tell-me-what-is-.html" title="If Black English Isn't a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is? ">If Black English Isn't a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../17668/should-literature-be-considered-useful.html" title="Should Literature be Considered Useful?">Should Literature be Considered Useful?</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../27175/links-for-enquiring-minds.html" title="Links for Enquiring Minds">Links for Enquiring Minds</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../27657/links-for-enquiring-minds-november-2018.html" title="Links for Enquiring Minds - November 2018">Links for Enquiring Minds - November 2018</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15642/reviews.html" title="Reviews">Reviews</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16178/language-in-the-news.html" title="Language in the News">Language in the News</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16161/mother-tongue.html" title="Mother Tongue">Mother Tongue</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23486/post-truth-the-new-war-on-truth-and-how-to-fight-back.html" title="Post-Truth: The New War on Truth and How to Fight Back">Post-Truth: The New War on Truth and How to Fight Back</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15982/teaching-textual-analysis-with-textbooks.html" title="Teaching Textual Analysis with Textbooks">Teaching Textual Analysis with Textbooks</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23793/texts-to-teach.html" title="Texts to Teach">Texts to Teach</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15575/the-adventure-of-english.html" title="The Adventure of English">The Adventure of English</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15643/writing-black-britain.html" title="Writing Black Britain">Writing Black Britain</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2901/websites.html" title="Websites">Websites</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10126/text-types.html" title="Text types">Text types</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../14953/blog.html" title="Blog">Blog</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../13891/graphic-novel.html" title="Graphic novel">Graphic novel</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15176/letter-to-the-editor.html" title="Letter to the editor">Letter to the editor</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10963/memoir.html" title="Memoir">Memoir</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10263/opinion-column.html" title="Opinion column">Opinion column</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2985/short-story.html" title="Short story">Short story</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2967/speech.html" title="Speech">Speech</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2955/tabloid.html" title="Tabloid">Tabloid</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9293/tool-kit.html" title="Tool kit">Tool kit</a></li></ul></ul></ul></nav> </div> </div> </div> </div><div style="margin-top: 20px;"><style type="text/css">
.studyib-link {
display: inline-block;
overflow: hidden;
font-size: 1.2em;
font-weight: normal;
margin: 10px;
transition: transform .2s; /* Animation */
}
#left-column .studyib-link {
font-size: 1em;
font-weight: normal;
margin: 5px;
transition: transform .2s; /* Animation */
}
#left-column .studyib-advert h2 {
font-size: 1.35em;
}
.studyib-link:hover {
transform: scale(1.2);
}
.studyib-link > img {
width: 2em; height: 2em;
margin: 0;
float: left;
}
.embed-responsive {
position: relative;
display: block;
height: 0;
padding: 0;
margin: 15px 0;
}
.embed-responsive-16by9 {
padding-bottom: 56.25%;
}
.embed-responsive iframe {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
border: 0;
}
.studyib-advert {
padding: 20px;
background: #E7EDF5;
border: solid 1px #EFF;
/* margin-left: 70px; */
}
.studyib-advert .heading {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
align-items: center;
}
.studyib-advert .heading img {
margin-right: 15px;
}
.studyib-advert .heading span {
color: #444
}
.studyib-advert h2,
.studyib-advert h3 {
margin: 0;
}
.studyib-advert .body {
margin-top: 20px;
}
</style>
<div class="studyib-advert">
<div class="heading">
<img src="../../../thinkib/header-thinker-sib.svg" height="50" width="50" class="pull-left" alt="InThinking Revision Sites">
<div>
<h2>INTHINKING REVISION SITES</h2>
<span><em>Own your learning</em></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="body">
<p>Why not also try our independent learning self-study & revision websites for students?</p>
<p>We currenly offer the following DP Sites: Biology, Chemistry, English A Lang & Lit, Maths A&A, Maths A&I, Physics, Spanish B</p>
<p>
<em>"The site is great for revising the basic understandings of each topic quickly.
Especially since you are able to test yourself at the end of each page and easily see where yo need to improve."</em>
</p>
<p><em>"It is life saving... I am passing IB because of this site!"</em></p>
<p>Basic (limited access) subscriptions are FREE. Check them out at:</p>
<div class="text-center">
<h3>
<a href="//studyib.net">www.StudyIB.net</a>
</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div><!-- /#left-column-->
<div id="main-column" class="span9"> <article id="secondary-sources" style="margin-top: 16px;">
<h1 class="section-title">Secondary sources</h1>
<ul class="breadcrumb"><li><a title="Home" href="../../../englishalanglit.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">The old course </span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Assessment (2020 exams)</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Written tasks</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">WT2 Skills</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="active">Secondary sources</span></li></ul>
<div class="row-fluid">
<section class="span12" id="main-content">
<p>
<img alt="" class="right" height="166" src="../../../ib/englishalanglit/images/iStock_000014542157XSmall.jpg" width="250">What distinguishes a very good written task 2 from a mediocre one? Besides answering the expectations of the prescribed question, good WT2s cite both primary and secondary sources. In other words they comment on a text (primary source) and refer to other texts (secondary sources) that have also commented on the original text. Secondary sources, if used properly, can validate the ideas that are expressed in an essay. Secondary sources can also be used to guide, plan and structure the WT2 essay.</p>
<p>
In this lesson we will look at how secondary sources can be used to build a critical response to ‘The Kite Runner’ by Khaled Hosseini. With a few simple steps you can see how a WT2 is built around a few secondary sources.</p>
<h2>
Relevant questions</h2>
<p>
First of all it is important to establish which of the six prescribed questions are relevant to the text that you have read. This kind of decision can be made quite quickly. Place all six questions on a table and discuss with others which ones are most relevant to the text studied. Give reasons for your choices.</p>
<ol>
<li>
How could the text be read and interpreted differently by two different readers? <img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>A Pashtun / Afghan may read this differently than an American or western reader.</em><img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"><br>
</li>
<li>
If the text had been written in a different time or place or language or for a different audience, how and why might it differ? <img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>This question is fraught with difficulties and opens the door to circular reasoning.</em><img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"><br>
</li>
<li>
How and why is a social group represented in a particular way? <img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>The Hazara are represented as humble and subservient. The Pashtun are forceful (Rahim Khan) and rather secular (Baba). And the Taliban are down right evil (later chapters).</em><img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"><br>
</li>
<li>
Which social groups are marginalized, excluded or silenced within the text? <img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>The Hazara’s are not given a strong voice. They are silenced within the text by Rahim Khan and even Amir.</em><img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"><br>
</li>
<li>
How does the text conform to, or deviate from, the conventions of a particular genre, and for what purpose? <img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>This question is not very relevant, as the novel has many of the typical structural features of modern novels.</em><img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"><br>
</li>
<li>
How has the text borrowed from other texts, and with what effects? <img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>One could argue that it is a modern Huckleberry Finn, but this essay would require extensive and possibly irrelevant research.</em><img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></li>
</ol>
<h2>
Research</h2>
<p>
The next step is to find good secondary sources. As we live in the digital age, it is tempting to do a quick and easy search online. While a lot may be written about your primary source online, it may not all be of high quality. Pulling ideas off Spark Notes is not advised for your WT2 research. While such sites may steer you in the right direction and point to the pertinent questions, they do not offer much original, critical insight into literary works. So what are sources of higher quality?</p>
<ul>
<li>
Enotes.com – This is a big step up from Spark Notes, because, besides offering plot summaries and character descriptions, it includes well-written critical analyses by professional teachers and authors. For this reason there is a subscription fee.</li>
<li>
Ebsco Host – If your school does not already have a subscription, you may want to sign up for a free trial. You will be amazed by the amount of high quality articles from scholarly journals that are easy to find and age appropriate. </li>
<li>
Books – Remember these? Many great authors still only publish in book (or ebook) form. If your library does not have the resource you’re looking for, your librarian may be able to help you get your hands on a physical copy.</li>
</ul>
<p>
If you do not have the funds to access quality information on- or offline, then it helps to know how to search properly online. It also helps to work with a text that is highly read and reviewed. As you can see from these list of poor and good search terms, it is useful to think about the types of texts that will serve as reference material. </p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; ">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<strong>Poor search terms / sources</strong><br>
<ul>
<li>
The Kite Runner</li>
<li>
Essays on The Kite Runner</li>
<li>
The Kite Runner major themes</li>
<li>
The Kite Runner controversy</li>
<li>
The Kite Runner literary criticism</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td>
<strong>Good search terms / sources</strong><br>
<ul>
<li>
The Kite Runner scholarly articles</li>
<li>
The Kite Runner interview with Khaled Hosseini</li>
<li>
The Kite Runner review NY Times/Guardian/(respectable newspaper)</li>
<li>
The Kite Runner literary journals</li>
<li>
Atonement in The Kite Runner</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>
Relevance of questions to secondary sources</h2>
<p>
Once to you have three or four good secondary sources, try to find their relevance to the prescribed questions that you have chosen. It is useful to do this as a jigsaw reading activity, where each expert group reads one secondary source and explains its relevance to each of the prescribed questions as they are rotated around the groups. For this reason it helps to have the same number of secondary sources as prescribed questions. Circulate the worksheets through each expert group for five to ten minutes per group, and you are left with a nice overview of secondary sources that are relevant to each of the prescribed questions. </p>
<p>
<img alt="" class="noborder" height="354" src="../../../ib/englishalanglit/images/WT2%20secondary%20sources%20jigsaw.png" width="500"></p>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/Secondary%20sources%20WT2.pdf" target="_blank"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Secondary sources and the written task 2</a></p>
<p>
<strong>Example of Worksheet 1</strong></p>
<p>
Prescribed question 1:<em> "How could</em> <em>a text be read and interpreted differently by two different readers?”</em></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; ">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
<td>
Secondary source 1</td>
<td>
Secondary source 2</td>
<td>
Secondary source 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
How might the author of your secondary source respond to the prescribed question above?</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
What lines could you quote from your secondary source, which are relevant to the prescribed question above?</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Where in the primary source can you find examples of what the secondary source is commenting on?</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2>
Secondary sources</h2>
<div class="greyBg">
<p>
<a href="http://salempress.com/store/samples/masterplots_4/masterplots_4_kite_runner.htm" target="_blank"><strong>Secondargy source 1</strong></a><br>
'The Kite Runner'<br>
Mabel D Khawaja<br>
Master Plots (Salem Press) <br>
Nov. 2010</p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>The Kite Runner </em>is Khaled Hosseini's first novel. Born in Kabul, Hosseini draws heavily on his own experiences to create the setting for the novel; the characters, however, are fictional. Hosseini's plot shows historical realism, as the novel includes dates--for chronological accuracy, including the time of the changing regimes of Afghanistan. Amir's happy childhood days fall under the peaceful and affluent era of King Zahir Shah's reign, a time when Amir and his friend, Hassan, could themselves feel like kings of Kabul, carving their names into a tree. In 1973, Dawood Khan becomes the president of Afghanistan. This era is reflected in the novel when the local bully, Assef, harasses Amir with his brass knuckles and hopes that Hazaras will be eliminated.</p>
<p>
The Russian invasion in 1981 turns Kabul into a war zone, forcing many residents, including Baba and Amir, to escape to Pakistan. Even after the Russians had left the country, the unrest had continued. In 1996, the Talibs had come to power. In the novel, Rahim Khan tells Amir that Talibs had banned kite fighting in 1996 and that in 1998, Hazaras had been massacred.</p>
<p>
The novel's complex plot consists of several conflicts that evoke sympathy for characters who are unjustly victimized. The story begins with the internal conflicts of Amir--a wealthy child--who enjoys Hassan's friendship but is also jealous of him and ends up cheating him. An external conflict occurs between the protagonist, Amir, and the antagonist, Assef. Amir goes to Afghanistan to rescue his nephew Sohrab, as "a way to be good again," but encounters Assef, a vindictive and cruel enemy from the past, and now a ruling Talib.</p>
<p>
A final conflict shows the gap between the legal system and the human rights of orphans as victims of war, a gap that leads to Sohrab's attempted suicide. Intrinsic to the conflicts in the novel is the unjust victimization of the innocent--a theme evoking the import of human rights across international boundaries.</p>
<p>
Hosseini succeeds in striking the right balance between tragic emotion and optimism. For example, the narrator drops clues that Sohrab will talk again "almost a year" after his suicide attempt. Similarly, Sohrab's faint smile in the novel's last scene is a clue that he will be happy with his new guardians. Hosseini's imagery also is powerful and layered with meaning. For example, Sohrab hitting Assef with slingshot fire is a befitting image that shows the triumph of the weak and lowly over the high and mighty--a modern David and Goliath tale.</p>
<p>
Another successful aspect of the novel is characterization. When Amir's character transforms, he is willing to risk his life for Sohrab. In contrast, Assef claims a religious conversion but shows no change of character. Some critics find fault with Hosseini's one-dimensional characterization of Assef as a stereotyped Talib who is inhumane and tyrannical. However, the novel is written from a first-person narrator's viewpoint. Amir is the narrator for twenty-four chapters, and Rahim Khan narrates the events of the past in chapter 16. Both narrators can report only their respective experiences, and both paint a tragic picture of Taliban atrocities.</p>
<p>
Unique to Hosseini is his artistic ability to blend the literary tradition of the Western novel with the Persian literature of the Sufis. The novel includes consistent references to the Persian legend of Rostam and Sohrab, which comes from Persian poet Firdusi's <em>Shahnamah</em> (c. 1010), the poetic epic of Afghanistan, Iran, and other Persian-speaking countries. These references serve to exemplify the novel's theme, a classic one, of the quest for the father. Other parallels with the Persian epic are <em>The Kite Runner</em>'s ironic revelations about the past, the novel's war-zone setting, and the novel's tragic irony associated with the ignorance of many of its characters. Tragic irony is a vehicle for revelation, and it also serves as a rhetorical strategy to validate the narrator's claim: "I've learned . . . [how] the past claws its way out." Likewise, tragic irony becomes a rhetorical strategy for comparing and contrasting characters' behaviors as they manipulate knowledge and claim ignorance in their relationships. For example, Amir's childish ploys to get rid of Hassan and his father, Ali, culminate in a tragic scene, in which "Hassan knew . . . everything. . . . He knew I had betrayed him and yet he was rescuing me once again." Hassan would not expose to Baba that Amir was actually a liar and a cheater. This marks a critical moment in Amir's life because he realizes that he loves Hassan, "more than he had loved anyone else"; still, Amir cannot confess the truth and will never again see Hassan.</p>
<p>
<em>The Kite Runner</em>is a powerful story about two boys whose friendship is threatened by deception and betrayal yet withstands the pressures of cultural barriers and legal boundaries. Their childhood memories of happy days outlast their tragic separation, and the steadfast loyalty of Hassan defines the theme of this novel as one of true friendship.</p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="greyBg">
<p>
<a href="http://www.commondreams.org/archive/2008/01/05/6192" target="_blank"><strong>Secondary source 2</strong></a><br>
''The Kite Runner' Critiqued: New Orientalism Goes to the Big Screen' <br>
Matthew T. Miller<br>
Common Dreams<br>
Jan. 2008</p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">While The Kite Runner movie is now captivating audiences throughout the country-much as the book did four years ago-with its enthralling tale of "family, forgiveness, and friendship" and the promise that indeed "there is a way to be good again," very little has been written critiquing this work and its prominent role in the New Orientalist narrative of the Islamic Middle East.</p>
<p>
Iranian literature specialist Dr. Fatemeh Keshavarz (Washington University in St. Louis) has classified this book as one of the recent works that she argues constitute a "New Orientalist" narrative in her book Jasmine and Stars: Reading More than Lolita in Tehran. (Dr. Hamid Dabashi of Columbia University also has written about New Orientalism and expatriates who serve as "native informers" or "comprador intellectuals" in respect to the Middle East).</p>
<p>
Keshavarz broadly characterizes the New Orientalist works thusly: Thematically, they stay focused on the public phobia [of Islam and the Islamic world]: blind faith and cruelty, political underdevelopment, and women's social and sexual repression. They provide a mix of fear and intrigue-the basis for a blank check for the use of force in the region and Western self-affirmation. Perhaps not all the authors intend to sound the trumpet of war. But the divided, black-and-white world they hold before the reader leaves little room for anything other than surrender to the inevitability of conflict between the West and the Middle East.</p>
<p>
While The Kite Runner is perhaps less obvious in its demonization of the Muslim world and glorification of the Western world-what Keshavarz terms the "Islamization of Evil" and the "Westernization of Goodness"-than books like Reading Lolita in Tehran, these themes nevertheless clearly permeate the entire novel. While seemingly just a captivating story of Amir and his redemption through the heroic rescue of his childhood friend Hassan's son, Sohrab, the entire plot is imbued with noxious stereotypes about Islam and the Islamic world. This story, read in isolation, may indeed just be inspiring and heart-warming, but the significance of its underlying message in the current geopolitical context cannot be ignored.</p>
<p>
At the most superficial level, the characters and their accompanying traits serve to advance a very specific agenda: everything from the conspicuous secularity of the great hero, Amir's father, Baba, to the pedophilic Taliban (i.e. Muslim) executioner and nemesis of Amir, Assef, clearly perpetuates the basic underlying theme: the West (and Western values) = 'good,' while Islam = 'bad,' or even, 'evil.' The inherent goodness of Baba and evil of Assef is repeatedly reified for the reader in some of the most dramatic and graphic scenes of the entire book. Baba valiantly lays his life on the line to protect the woman who is about to be raped, while Assef brutally rapes children and performs gruesome public executions in the local soccer stadium. Yet, perhaps the most telling attribute of these two characters is the particular national ideologies that they express affinity for: Baba loves America, while Assef is an admirer of Hitler.</p>
<p>
The most pernicious element of this novel, however, is also the same aspect that American readers consistently have identified as the most heart-warming and inspiring: the story of the redemption of Amir thorough his harrowing and heroic rescue of Sohrab. In short, Amir, the successful western expatriate writer must leave his safe, idyllic existence in the U.S.; return to an Afghanistan that has been ravaged by the Russians (our Cold War enemy) and the Taliban (the representation of our new Islamic enemy); and rescue the innocent orphaned son of his childhood friend from the incarnation of evil itself, Assef. Amir's descent into this Other World, a veritable 'heart of darkness,' appears to be the only hope for its victims' salvation.</p>
<p>
This adventurous and engrossing story neatly functions as an allegorized version of the colonial/neo-colonial/imperial imperative of "intervening" in "dark" countries in order to save the sub-human Others who would be otherwise simply lost in their own ignorance and brutality. These magnanimous interventions, of course, have nothing to do with economic or geopolitical concerns; they are purely self-sacrificial expressions of the superiority of the imperial peoples' humanity and ideology. When considered in this frame, the profound guilt that Amir suffers from his inaction during the violation of his innocent friend Hassan seems to represent the collective guilt of all "good" western or western-oriented people who watched idly while the Islamic bullies-epitomized by Assef-violated Afghanistan and the innocent western-oriented people like Baba and Amir. Of course, the implication then is that we also must redeem ourselves by returning and "rescuing" the people there from the Assefs of Afghanistan-this is our "way to be good again," in the words Khaled Hosseini's character Rahim Khan. This new recapitulation of the old "white man's [now, western] burden" narrative, when combined with the "Westernization of Goodness" and "Islamization of Evil" clearly present throughout the novel, provides a superb ideological framework upon which to justify our present occupation and future military interventions in Afghanistan.</p>
<p>
It certainly does not take much imagination to expand this story and its message to the entire Islamic Middle East-especially when we combine this work's portrayal of Afghanistan with the other New Orientalist works on the Islamic Middle East, such as Azar Nafisi's popular Reading Lolita in Tehran, Asne Seierstad's The Bookseller of Kabul, Geraldine Brooks' Nine Parts of Desire: The Hidden World of Islamic Women, and even scholarly works like Bernard Lewis' What Went Wrong? Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response. If what these works say about Islam and Islamic countries is the whole truth, then surely the continued and expanding U.S. military presence in that region is a good thing, right?</p>
For anyone who has been to, or studies the Middle East, it is obvious that these accounts are gross distortions of the full reality on the ground there. It is not wrong to identify and write about the flaws of a particular country, religion, or ideology, but it is wrong and dishonest when an author's writings systematically dehumanizes and reduces an entire culture and religion to the actions of its extremists. Especially, when these are the same people and countries that our leaders tell us need to be attacked and occupied by our military.<br>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="greyBg">
<p>
<a href="http://afghanmagazine.com/2004_06/profile/khosseini.shtml" target="_blank"><strong>Secondary source 3</strong></a><br>
Dialogue with Khaled Hosseini<br>
Farhad Azar<br>
<em>Lemar-Aftaab Afghan Magazine</em><br>
June 2004</p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">Khaled Hosseini enjoys telling stories. In his debut novel <em>The Kite Runner</em>, he narrates a deeply reflective tale. Hosseini's work provides an indigenous look into an Afghan experience, which some critiques have considered as a more realistic account of Afghans and Afghanistan than any work produced by even the best journalists. We spoke with Hosseini about his novel, perspectives and forthcoming work.</p>
<p>
<strong>Farhad Azad: What do you think your novel has provided in representing Afghanistan to the Western readers?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>Khaled Hosseini: </strong>I think --and hope-- that the novel has provided Western readers with a fresh perspective. Too often, stories about Afghanistan center around the various wars, the opium trade, the war on terrorism. Preciously little is said about the Afghan people themselves, their culture, their traditions, how they lived in their country and how they manage abroad as exiles. I hope <em>The Kite Runner</em> gives the Western reader some insight into and a sense of the identity of Afghan people that they may not get from mainstream news media. Fiction is a wonderful medium to convey such things. And I hope that the book helps humanize the Afghan people and put a personal face to what has happened there. I get many letters and e-mails from readers who say how much more compassion they feel for Afghanistan and Afghans after reading this book --some even offering to help or donate money. We forget sometimes that fiction can be a powerful medium that way.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: What is the general and specific reactions of the Western and Afghan readers to your work?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH: </strong>My Western readers have had a very positive reaction to <em>The Kite Runner</em>. Because the themes of friendship, betrayal, guilt, redemption, the uneasy love between fathers and sons are universal themes and not specifically Afghan, the book has been able to reach across cultural, racial, religious, and gender gaps to resonate with readers of varying backgrounds.</p>
<p>
The reaction from my Afghan readers has also been overwhelmingly positive. I get regular letters and e-mails from fellow Afghans who have enjoyed the book, seen their own lives, experiences, and memories played out on the pages. So I have been thrilled with the response from my own community.</p>
<p>
Some, however, have called the book divisive and objected to some of the issues raised in the book, namely; racism, discrimination, ethnic inequality etc. Those are sensitive issues in the Afghan world, but they are also important ones, and I certainly do not believe they should be taboo. The role of fiction is to talk about difficult subjects, precisely about things that make us cringe or make us uncomfortable, or things that generate debate and perhaps some understanding. I think talking plainly about issues that have hounded Afghanistan for a long time is a healthy and a necessity, particularly at this crucial time.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: Why do you think these taboo topics such as "racism, discrimination, ethnic inequality" in the Afghan society should be exposed and discussed in the Afghan Diaspora? Why do you think such topics are avoided and not discussed by the general Afghan Diaspora? And how do you think the Afghan Diaspora can better discuss these topics?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH: </strong>Fiction is often like a mirror. It reflects what is beautiful and noble in us, but also at time what is less than flattering, things that make us wince and not want to look anymore. Issues like discrimination and persecution, racism, etc. are such things. The rifts between our different people in Afghanistan have existed for a long time and continue to exist today, no matter the politically correct official party line. Because these issues of ethnic differences and problems between the different groups continue to hound our society and threaten to undermine our progress toward a better tomorrow, I think --possibly naively-- these issues are best dealt with face on. I don't see how we can move forward from our past; how we can overcome our differences, if we refuse to even acknowledge the past and the differences.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: The Afghanistan of the 1960s - 1970s has been described as the "Golden Years" by the majority of the older generation of Afghans in the Diaspora. You vividly describe this period through the eyes of the novel's main character Amir, which is also a period of history that has not really been disclosed by Western writers. Yet your approach is also critical of the bitter, unjust realities of that era, contradictory to the one-sided impressions of the older Afghan generation. What is your response?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH: </strong>My intention was to write about Afghanistan in a balanced fashion. I also remember the 1960's and particularly the early to mid 1970's as a Golden Era of sorts. I, like many Afghans, look back on those years with fondness and remembrance. I have tried to portray that era lovingly through the eyes of Amir. However, that society was not perfect. There were inequities and inequalities that got lost in the glow of remembrance. We should also remember that there was racism, discrimination, rampant nepotism, and social barriers that were all but impossible to cross from, at times, entire classes of people. One example that I highlight in my book is the mistreatment of the Hazara people, who were all but banned from the higher appointments of society and forced to play a second-class citizen role. A critical eye toward that era is, I believe, as important as a loving eye, because there are lessons to be learned from our own past.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: The first two sections of the novel cover 1970s Afghanistan and 1980s Northern California, which you have personally experienced. How did you write so clearly the accounts of life under 1990s Taliban Afghanistan?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH:</strong>I primarily relied on the accounts of Afghans who had lived in Afghanistan in that era. Over the years, at Afghan gatherings, parties, melahs [picnics], I had spoken to various Afghans who had lived in Taliban-ruled Kabul. When I sat down to write the final third of <em>The Kite Runner</em>, I found I had unintentionally accumulated over the years a wealth of anecdotes, telling details, stories, and accounts about Kabul in those days. So I did not have to do much research at all. Of course, I also relied on media reports through Afghan online magazines, TV, radio, etc. But most of it was from Afghan eyewitness accounts.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: You had mentioned that the character Hassan was the original protagonist of the novel. Why did you change it to Amir?</strong></p>
<p>
Amir is so much more conflicted than Hassan. He is such a troubled character, so flawed. He is often a contradiction. He wants to be a good person and is horrified at his own moral shortcomings even as he can't stop himself. In other words, he is a better protagonist for a novel -maybe I should say more dynamic-- than Hassan, who is so firmly rooted in goodness and integrity. There was a lot more room for character development with Amir than Hassan.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: What specific aspects of the Afghan Diaspora are represented in Amir's character?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH: </strong>Nostalgia and longing for the homeland. The preservation of culture and language: Amir marries an Afghan woman and stays an active member of the Afghan community in the East Bay; the hard-working immigrant value system; and some sense of survivor's guilt, which I think many of us, particularly in sunny California, have felt at one time or another.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: Some critics have stated that the ending of your novel is "too clean" and have attributed this to perhaps you trying to "make sense" of the many years of turbulence in Afghanistan by providing closure with the ending. What is your reaction?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH: </strong>I think it is largely a matter of taste. What strikes one person as "too neat" makes a resounding impact with another reader and registers as a welcomed sense of closure. I did not want to end my book with chaos and hopelessness. <em>The Kite Runner</em> ends on a hopeful --if melancholic-- note. Which is how I also feel about the future of Afghanistan --guarded optimism. To some extent, as a writer, you do try to make sense of the turbulence and chaos, and with the words at your disposal you have the option and power to do so. The question is whether you do it with integrity and honesty and whether you stay true to your characters and their dilemmas. I believe I have. Or I tried, at least. As always, the reader is the judge.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: Will your next work also take a historic journey to Afghanistan's recent past?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH: </strong>The writing process has always been full of surprises for me. The story takes unexpected twists and turns and that, to me, is one of the joys of writing. Which is to say I rarely can describe with much detail what I am working on. I begin writing and see where the story takes me. That said, the novel I have been working on is also set in Afghanistan and deals with its recent history. It has a female protagonist and deals more with women's issues than <em>The Kite Runner</em> did. Beyond that, I'll be able to tell you more in 12-18 months.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: What classical and contemporary Afghan literature where you influenced by?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH: </strong>The writing of <em>The Kite Runner </em>was not influenced by any Afghan literature per se, though I have admired the works of writers such as Mr. Akram Osman. I read quite a bit of fiction in English, and I would say that my style and approach to writing is rooted in a western style of writing prose. That said, Afghanistan is full of great storytellers, and I was raised around people who were very adept at capturing an audience's attention with their storytelling skills. I have been told that there is an old fashioned sense of story telling in <em>The Kite Runner</em>. I would agree. It's what I like to read, and what I like to write.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: How important is it to tell a story of a people from an indigenous perspective rather than from an outsider's point of view?</strong></p>
<p>
<strong>KH: </strong>I think your specific background, your upbringing, your intimacy with the culture, customs, language and ways of your homeland gives you an angle that a writer who is not indigenous to your country may lack. It gives you a unique perspective, an angle. That is not to say that an outsider cannot write as well about your culture. I am thinking of Andre Dubus III and the wonderful job he did bringing to life Colonel Behrani in <em>House of Sand and Fog</em>. But usually, being indigenous allows you a little authenticity and if you write with honesty and integrity, then it may show on the pages.</p>
<p>
<strong>FA: You always say that you want to tell stories. What drives you do this?</strong></p>
<strong>KH: </strong>I don't quite know where the drive to tell a story comes from, for me or anyone else. Nor do I really know where the stories themselves come from. What I can say that for me, as I suspect for many other writers, a story grips me and demands to be told. The drive to tell a story becomes a compulsion. So there is little choice left. You either tell the story or go around absent-minded and in a half-daze. Stephen King once said that if you have a story to tell and the skill to tell it, and you don't, then you are a monkey. The point is stories, good stories at least, demand to be written. <br>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="greyBg">
<p>
<strong>More secondary sources on <em>The Kite Runner</em></strong></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2003/sep/07/fiction.features1" target="_blank">An Afghan hounded by his past</a><br>
Amelia Hill<br>
The Observer<br>
7 September 2003</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2004/dec/18/featuresreviews.guardianreview20" target="_blank">The Journey Home</a><br>
Khaled Hosseini<br>
The Guardian<br>
18 December 2004</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/03/books/the-servant.html" target="_blank">The Servant<br>
E</a>dward Howard<br>
New York Times Book Review<br>
3 August 2003</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.asianreviewofbooks.com/new/?revID=263" target="_blank">The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini</a><br>
Sue Bond<br>
Asian Review of Books<br>
19 July 2003</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.sabawoon.com/articles/index.php?page=kite_runner" target="_blank">Kite Runner: A Pyschological Operation?</a><br>
Dr. Rahmat Rabi Zirakyar<br>
Sabawoon Online<br>
5 December 2009</p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<h2>
In-text citations</h2>
<p>
Once you have extracted a few lines from the secondary (and primary) sources that you plan to use for your written task 2, it is time to embed and integrate them into your essay. For help on how to integrate sources best into an essay, see the <a href="http://www.englishalanglit-inthinking.co.uk/skills/integrating-quotes.htm">skills page on integrating quotations for Paper 1</a>. In contrast to Paper 1, written task 2 is a take-home assignment, meaning that you can do research. It is recommended that you follow the Modern Language Association's (MLA) style guide on how to cite sources, which is explained in detail on the <a href="http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/02/" target="_blank">University of Purdue's OWL website</a>. Here you will notice that MLA does not encourage the use of footnotes (which, unfortunately are commonly used by IB DP students). Instead one should use such structures for citing (ditigal) sources: (Notice especially the positioning of quotation marks, parenthesis and periods (full-stops).) </p>
<p>
<strong>Digital source</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left: 40px; ">
The novel's protagonist, Amir, "wants to be a good person and is horrified at his own moral shortcomings even as he can't stop himself" (Azar, 'Dialogue with Khaled Hosseini').</p>
<p>
<strong>Digital source with author's name in-text</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left: 40px; ">
<em>The Kite Runner</em> has also been very divisive, as it paints a very black and white picture of East and West. As Mattew T. Miller has suggested, T<em>he Kite Runner</em> "leaves little room for anything other than surrender to the inevitability of conflict between the West and the Middle East" (''The Kite Runner' Critiqued: New Orientalism Goes to the Big Screen').</p>
<p>
<strong>Digital source with author's name and source in text</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left: 40px; ">
In Mabel D. Khawaja's essay on <em>The Kite Runner</em> in 'Masterplots', she explains how the novel succeeds in intriguing the reader, as its "complex plot consists of several conflicts that evoke sympathy for characters who are unjustly victimized."</p>
<h2>
Works citied</h2>
<p>
The written task 2 is one of the few opportunities for students to include a bibliography or 'works cited'. 'Works cited' is the tem preferred by the MLA and it follows a very detailed structure. It is necessary to follow this structure in coordination with the in-text citations to make references clear for the reader. How does one remember the complex structure of 'works cited'? Again, it is recommended to consult <a href="http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/05/" target="_blank">the OWL page</a> on this as well. There is also a short cut, which is highly recommended here. It is called '<a href="http://www.easybib.com" target="_blank">easybib.com'</a>. Not only does this website place all of the right information in to the correct position, it searches the Internet for supplementary information on the source. The following three examples were created in Easy Bib for the three sources on <em>The Kite Runner. </em></p>
<div class="greyBg">
<p>
<strong>Works cited</strong></p>
<p>
"Dialogue with Khaled Hosseini." Interview by Farhad Azad. <em>Lemar-Aftaab Afghan Magazine</em> June 2004: n. pag. Print.</p>
<p>
Khawaja, Mabel D. "The Kite Runner." <em>Masterplots</em> 12 (2010): <em>Salem Press</em>. Nov. 2010. Web. 10 Jan. 2013. <http: masterplots_4="" masterplots_4_kite_runner.htm="" salempress.com="" samples="" store="">.</http:></p>
<p>
Miller, Matthew T. "'The Kite Runner' Critiqued: New Orientalism Goes to the Big Screen | Common Dreams." <em>Common Dreams</em>. N.p., 5 Jan. 2008. Web. 10 Jan. 2013. <https: 01="" 05="" 2008="" 6192="" archive="" www.commondreams.org="">.</https:></p>
</div>
<script>document.querySelectorAll('.tib-teacher-only').forEach(e => e.remove());</script>
</section>
</div>
</article>
</div><!-- /#main-column -->
</div>
</div><!-- /#content -->
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer" class="student-access">
<div class="wmap">
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<p>
© <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear())</script> <em>InThinking</em>
|
<a target="_self" href="https://thinkib.net/subscribe/about-us">
About us
</a>
|
<a target="_self" href="https://thinkib.net/subscribe/legal">
Legal
</a>
|
<a target="_self" href="https://thinkib.net/subscribe/contact">
Contact
</a>
</p>
<p>
<a class="social" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/#!/inthinker">
<img src="../../../social/twitter-square.svg"> Twitter
</a>
<a class="social" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/inthinking.net">
<img src="../../../social/facebook-square.svg"> Facebook
</a>
<a class="social" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/9s4we1">
<img src="../../../social/linkedin-square.svg"> LinkedIn
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<input id="tzoffset" type="hidden" value="25200"><div id="modal-session-expired" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" data-backdrop="static" data-keyboard="false">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h3 style="margin-top: 0">Your session has expired</h3>
</div>
<div class="modal-body" style="padding: 10px;">
<p>You will have to reload and log in again.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<a id="session-expired" class="btn btn-danger pull-right" href="#">
<i class="fa fa-refresh"></i> Reload
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Loading scripts at the end of the body means faster page loading -->
<script src="../../../js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../../js/jq-fancybox/jquery.fancybox.pack.js"></script>
<script src="../../../js/sidemenu/sidemenu.min.js?v=202011301145"></script><script src="../../../js/std-access/std-assignments-utils.min.js?v=202304281200"></script><script src="../../../js/std-access/std-comments-utils.min.js?v=202303031505"></script><script src="../../../js/std/std-task-utils.min.js?v=202303031505"></script><script src="../../../js/jq-mark.js/jquery.mark.min.js"></script><!-- MathJax only to render Math ML -->
<!--<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.0/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>-->
<script src="../../../ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.0/MathJax.js?config=MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
<style>
.math-tex {
font-size: 1.15em !important;
}
.math-tex span.ML__text {
/*font-family: inherit !important;*/
}
.ML__text + .ML__mathit {
margin-left: 0 !important;
}
.math-tex img, .math-tex + img, span img {
box-shadow: none;
margin: 0;
}
</style>
<script src="../../../mathlive%400.93.0/dist/mathlive.min.js" async="" defer=""></script>
<script>
window.addEventListener('load',
() => MathLive.renderMathInDocument()
);
</script>
<script src="../../../js/header-circle.min.js?v=202303031505"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../../../js/cookies.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
// The cookies alert
if (! readCookie("displayCookieConsent") && ! readCookie("y") ) {
var cookieMSG = "We use cookies. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used.";
setTimeout(function() {
$.ajax({
cache: true,
url: "js/cookiechoices.js",
dataType: "script",
success: function () {
cookieChoices.showCookieConsentBar(cookieMSG, 'close', 'Read more', "englishalanglit/legal#cookies");
}
});
}, 2000);
}
</script><script>var sAJAX='/pages/activity/user-stats-page.php?t=0x0x&x=14776';var sData='[|L0x0x|L6hI>2UjpCqiT2UMWQ]V/SIxZMqNn9o|>C2OY)2iZQ2|nc2e/6/OnQ+|>9oNw1o[/z/On8LN>coOk[UxbOqNuc2|w6IicY/4Fe]eg[2|TMojTe+iTaLmcgqt/z/OpCqir[UxbeqIn9LIb4qTZ1qx/z/4WQ]V/S/O8=';var loopSecs = 30;var lsKey = '33b72b8a5df386c72b5402823815f930';</script><script src="../../../js/user/user-stats-page.min.js?v=202102101800"></script><script>var sessionUpdateSecs = 600;</script><script type="text/javascript" src="../../../js/session-updater.js?v=20200831"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
function padLeft(str,max){return str.length<max?padLeft("0"+str,max):str}function padRight(str,max){return str.length<max?padRight(str+"0",max):str}$("body").on("click",'a[href="#"], a.fancybox-nav, a[data-toggle="tab"], a[data-toggle="dropdown"], a[data-toggle="collapse"], a[data-toggle="modal"]',function(e){e.preventDefault()});var topmenuOffset=0;var topmenuHeight=0;function fixDiv(t,h){if($(window).scrollTop()<topmenuOffset||$("#topmenu ul.level-1").is(":visible")){$("#topmenu").css({position:"",width:""});$("#topmenu").removeClass("fixed-top");$("body").css({"padding-top":"0"})}else{$("#topmenu").css({position:"fixed",top:"0",width:$("#topmenu").width()+"px"});$("#topmenu").addClass("fixed-top");$("body").css({"padding-top":topmenuHeight+"px"})}}function fixSearchNav(){var searchMenuTop=topmenuOffset+topmenuHeight;var searchMenuH=$("#nav-menu-search").is(":visible")?$("#nav-menu-search").outerHeight():0;if($(window).scrollTop()>searchMenuTop-topmenuHeight){var borderBottomWidth=parseInt($("#topmenu").css("borderBottomWidth"))+1;$("#nav-menu-search").css({position:"fixed",top:topmenuHeight+borderBottomWidth+"px",left:"0",right:"0"});$("#nav-menu-search").addClass("fixed-top");$("body").css("padding-top",topmenuHeight+searchMenuH+"px")}else{$("#nav-menu-search").css({position:""});$("#nav-menu-search").removeClass("fixed-top");$("body").css("padding-top","0")}}if($("#topmenu").length){topmenuOffset=$("#topmenu").offset().top;topmenuHeight=$("#topmenu").outerHeight();fixDiv();$(window).scroll(function(){fixDiv();fixSearchNav()})}$("a.toggle-menu-search").on("click",function(e){e.preventDefault();$("#nav-menu-search").slideToggle("fast",function(){$(this).find('input[name="s"]').focus()})});var menuH=$("#topmenu").height();var itemH=$("#topmenu > nav > ul > li").height();$("#topmenu > nav > ul > li").each(function(){if(menuH>itemH&&$(this).position().top<1){var i=itemH+1;$(this).find("ul:first").css("margin-top","-"+i+"px")}});$("#topmenu > nav > ul > li").on("mouseenter mouseleave",function(e){var submenu=$("ul:first",this);var submenuW=submenu.width();if($(this).offset().left+submenuW>$(window).width()){submenu.css("right","0");submenu.find("ul").each(function(){if(!$(this).hasClass("fixed")){var l=$(this).width()+submenuW;$(this).css("margin-left","-"+l+"px");$(this).addClass("fixed")}})}});$("a.showhider").click(function(e){e.preventDefault();var box="#"+$(this).attr("rel");var show='<i class="fa fa-eye"></i>';var hide='<i class="fa fa-eye-slash"></i>';$(box).slideToggle("fast");$(this).html($(this).html()==show?hide:show);$(this).attr("title",$(this).attr("title")=="Show"?"Hide":"Show")});function fancyScrollTo(id){$("html, body").animate({scrollTop:$("#"+id).offset().top-300},300)}$("a.scroll-to").click(function(e){e.preventDefault();var n=$("#"+$(this).data("target")).offset().top-70;$("html, body").animate({scrollTop:n},300)});$("a.print-section-blog").click(function(e){e.preventDefault();printSectionBlog()});$(".print-button").click(function(e){e.preventDefault();var target="#"+$(this).data("target-id");PopupPrint(target)});function printSectionBlog(){var w=$(window).width()/2,h=$(window).height()-100;var windowSettings="height="+h+", width="+w+", left=0, top=0, resizable=no, ";windowSettings+="scrollbars=yes, toolbar=no, menubar=no, location=no, ";windowSettings+="directories=no, status=yes";var myWindow=window.open("","Page printer",windowSettings);var containerHtml=["<html>","<head>","<title>Page printer</title>",'<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'+window.location.origin+'/css/style.min.css?v=20230303">','<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'+window.location.origin+"/css/style"+SITE_TAG+'.min.css?v=202104061357">','<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'+window.location.origin+'/css/snippets.min.css?v=202210181500">','<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'+window.location.origin+'/css/article.min.css?v=202210181500">',"</head>","<body>",$("section#main-content").html().replace(/<span\sclass="MJX_Assistive_MathML".*?<\/span>/g,""),"</body>","</html>"].join("");containerHtml=containerHtml.replace(/src="files\//gi,'src="'+window.location.origin+"/files/");myWindow.document.write(containerHtml);myWindow.document.close();myWindow.focus();setTimeout(function(){$.when(myWindow.print()).then(myWindow.close())},1e3)}function PopupPrint(target){window.print()}$(".alert.alert-success").delay(6e3).hide("fast",fixDiv());var fancyParent=$("body").find($("#main-article")).length==1?"#main-article":"body";var fancyOptions={loop:false,openEffect:"elastic",closeEffect:"elastic",nextEffect:"fade",prevEffect:"fade",parent:fancyParent,helpers:{title:{type:"inside"}}};$("ul.gallery").each(function(){var rel=$(this).find("li:first-child > a:first-child").attr("rel");$('ul.gallery a.fancy[rel="'+rel+'"]').fancybox(fancyOptions)});$(".carousel.slide").each(function(){var rel="gallery-"+$(this).data("id");$('.carousel.slide a.fancy[rel="'+rel+'"]').fancybox(fancyOptions)});$("img.pop").parent("a").each(function(){$(this).attr("title",$(this).children("img").attr("alt"))});$("img.pop").parent("a").fancybox({loop:false,helpers:{title:{type:"inside"}}});if(!are_cookies_enabled()){var msg='<div class="alert alert-error"><i class="fa fa-warning"></i> Your browser does not accept cookies from this site. '+"Please enable cookies to log in.</div>"+'<div class="alert alert-info"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Enabling cookies in '+'<a target="_blank" style="margin: 0; padding: 0;" href="https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/enable-and-disable-cookies-website-preferences">Firefox</a>, '+'<a target="_blank" style="margin: 0; padding: 0;" href="https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/61416?hl=en">Chrome</a>, '+'<a target="_blank" style="margin: 0; padding: 0;" href="http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-vista/block-or-allow-cookies">Explorer</a>'+"</div>";$("#modal-login .modal-header").append(msg)}$(".panel-expandable > .panel-heading").click(function(e){e.preventDefault();var panel=$(this).closest(".panel-expandable");var expandables=panel.hasClass("panel-has-footer")?".panel-body, .panel-footer":".panel-body";if(panel.find(".panel-body").is(":visible")){panel.find(expandables).slideUp("fast");panel.find(".expander > .fa-minus").removeClass("fa-minus").addClass("fa-plus")}else{panel.find(expandables).slideDown("fast");panel.find(".expander > .fa-plus").removeClass("fa-plus").addClass("fa-minus")}});$("#modal-find-out-more").css({width:$("#container").width()*.8+"px","margin-left":$("#container").width()*-.4+"px"});if($(".modal-xxl").length){var modalTopPos=Math.round($(window).height()*.07);if($(window).width()>1200){$(".modal-xxl").css({"max-width":$(window).width()>960?"960px":$(window).width()+"px",width:$(window).width()>960?"960px":$(window).width()+"px","margin-left":$(window).width()>960?"-480px":Math.round($(window).width()/2)})}$(".modal-xxl").css("top",modalTopPos+"px");$(".modal-xxl").on("shown",function(){var mHeaderH=$(this).find(".modal-header").outerHeight();var mBody=$(this).find(".modal-body");var mBodyH=mBody.outerHeight();var mFooterH=$(this).find(".modal-footer").outerHeight();var bottomOfTheModal=modalTopPos+mHeaderH+mBodyH+mFooterH;if(bottomOfTheModal<$(window).height()){mBodyH+=$(window).height()-bottomOfTheModal-60;mBody.css("max-height",mBodyH+"px")}else{$(window).scrollTop(0);modalTopPos=10;$(".modal-xxl").css("top",modalTopPos+"px");bottomOfTheModal=modalTopPos+mHeaderH+mBodyH+mFooterH;availableScroll=bottomOfTheModal-$(window).height()+modalTopPos;var lastPos=-1;$(window).on("scroll",function(){var s=$(window).scrollTop()>availableScroll?availableScroll:$(window).scrollTop();newPos=modalTopPos-s;if(newPos!=lastPos){$(".modal-xxl").css("top",newPos+"px");lastPos=newPos}})}})}$(".open-student-access-help").click(function(e){e.preventDefault();var h=$(window).height()-20;var w=$(window).width()<1280?$(window).width():1280;popupHelp(helpURL,"Student Access Help",w,h)});$(".pop-up-help").click(function(e){e.preventDefault();var url=$(this).attr("href");var title=$(this).data("title");var h=$(window).height()-20;var w=$(window).width()<1280?$(window).width():1280;popupHelp(url,title,w,h)});function popupHelp(url,title,w,h){var dualScreenLeft=window.screenLeft!==undefined?window.screenLeft:screen.left;var dualScreenTop=window.screenTop!==undefined?window.screenTop:screen.top;var width=window.innerWidth?window.innerWidth:document.documentElement.clientWidth?document.documentElement.clientWidth:screen.width;var height=window.innerHeight?window.innerHeight:document.documentElement.clientHeight?document.documentElement.clientHeight:screen.height;var left=width/2-w/2+dualScreenLeft;var top=height/2-h/2+dualScreenTop;var newWindow=window.open(url,title,"menubar=no,location=no,resizable=0, width="+w+", height="+h+", top="+top+", left="+left);if(window.focus){if(newWindow){newWindow.focus()}else{$('<div class="alert alert-warning" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><p class="help-block">Pop Up blocked. Please allow Pop Ups in your browser settings.</p></div>').insertBefore("body")}}return newWindow}if($("section.tib-hiddenbox").length){var count=0;$($("section.tib-hiddenbox").get().reverse()).each(function(){var box=$(this);var revealButton=$("<a />").attr("class","btn showhider").attr("rel","hiddenBoxContent"+count).attr("style","margin-bottom: 0;").html('<i class="fa fa-eye"></i>');revealButton.insertBefore(box);var newContainer=$("<div />").attr("class","hidden-content").attr("id","hiddenBoxContent"+count).html(box.html());newContainer.hide();newContainer.insertBefore(box);box.remove();count++});$("a.showhider").on("click",function(e){var container=$("#"+$(this).attr("rel"));if(container.is(":hidden")){container.fadeIn("fast");$(this).html('<i class="fa fa-eye-slash"></i>')}else{container.fadeOut("fast");$(this).html('<i class="fa fa-eye"></i>')}})}
$('img.ico[src="https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/icons/comments.png"]').each(function(){var comment=$(this).attr("title");$(this).removeAttr("title");$(this).wrap('<a class="tib-popover" href="#" data-content="'+comment+'" data-togle="popover" data-placement="top" />')});$('img.ico[src="https://assets.inthinking.net/thinkib/icons/comments.png"]').each(function(){var comment=$(this).attr("title");$(this).removeAttr("title");$(this).wrap('<a class="tib-popover" href="#" data-content="'+comment+'" data-togle="popover" data-placement="top" />')});$(".tib-popover").popover({html:true,trigger:"hover",delay:{show:300,hide:300},placement:function(context,source){var position=$(source).position();if(position.top>200){return"top"}if(position.left<515){return"right"}if(position.top<200){return"bottom"}if(position.left>515){return"left"}return"top"}}).click(function(e){e.preventDefault()});var carouselTime=6500;$("div.carousel.slide").carousel({interval:carouselTime});$(".tib-indicators > img").click(function(){var index=$(this).index();var container=$(this).closest(".carousel.slide");container.carousel(index)});setShowResultsListeners($("#container"));addMarksThreads($("#modal-std-write"));
$('a.btn.showhider').click(function(e) {
var showHiderId = $( this ).attr('rel');
if( $('#'+showHiderId).find('iframe').length > 0 ) {
$('#'+showHiderId+' iframe').each(function() {
if ( $(this).attr('src').indexOf('.pdf') > 0 ) {
this.contentWindow.location.reload(true);
}
});
}
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>