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title="Suggested study time: 15 minutes"><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 15'</span> </ol> <article id="main-article"> <p><img alt="" src="../../mechanics/athlete-bicycle-bike-12838-1.jpg" style="width: 250px; height: 156px; float: left;"></p> <p>Kinematics is the study of moving objects and their distance and displacement, speed and velocity, acceleration, and time spent travelling.</p> <p>There is a lot of relevance to everyday life. Just think about the journeys you take to and around school!</p> <p>Here we'll define the key quantities and equations. Take care to learn what the symbols represent.</p> <hr class="hidden-separator"> <div class="panel panel-turquoise panel-has-colored-body"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Key Concepts</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p><em>Distance</em> (<span class="math-tex">\(d\)</span>) is the total length of the path taken. <em>Displacement</em> (<span class="math-tex">\(s\)</span>) is defined as the straight line distance between the start point and the final point. Note that an object moving through a complete circle has a distance equal to the circumference but a displacement of zero!</p> <p><em>Speed</em> and <em>velocity</em> have the same units, m s<sup>-1 </sup>, but speed is a scalar and velocity is a <a href="../232/vectors.html">vector</a>. Average speed is definied as the total distance divided by the total time. Velocty is defined as the rate of change of displacement, and is in the same direction as the change of displacement.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span class="math-tex">\(\text {speed} = {\text{distance}\over t}\)</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span class="math-tex">\(\text {velocity} = {\text{displacement}\over t}\)</span></p> <p><em>Acceleration</em> (ms<sup>-2</sup>) is defined as the rate of change of velocity, so if velocity changes there must be acceleration.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span class="math-tex">\(\text{acceleration} ={ \text{change in velocity} \over t}\)</span></p> <div class="magenta"> <p>In 1-dimension, the sign tells us the direction of the vector.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="../../mechanics/kinem4.png" style="width: 500px; max-width: 100%; height: 79px;"></p> <p>You will usually choose right or upwards as the positive direction, but always consider what would be best in a given question.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-yellow"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Essentials</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>The <strong>equations of uniformly accelerated motion</strong> are often referred to as "the suvat equations" as a convenient reminder of the symbols used to represent the key quantities in the motion that we will consider.</p> <div class="box"> <p style="text-align: center;"><span class="math-tex">\(v=u+at\)</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span class="math-tex">\(s={(v+u)\over 2} t\)</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span class="math-tex">\(s=ut+{1\over 2 }at^2\)</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span class="math-tex">\(v^2=u^2+2as\)</span></p> </div> <ul> <li><span class="math-tex">\(s\)</span> is displacement (m)</li> <li><span class="math-tex">\(u\)</span> is initial velocity (m s<sup>-1</sup>)</li> <li><span class="math-tex">\(v\)</span> is final velocty (m s<sup>-1</sup>)</li> <li><span class="math-tex">\(a\)</span> is acceleration (m s<sup>-2</sup>)</li> <li><span class="math-tex">\(t\)</span> is time (s)</li> </ul> <h5 style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="../../mechanics/suvat1(1).png" style="width: 572px; height: 151px;"></h5> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-purple"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Summary</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>Check out this piglet in motion demonstration of the kinematics quantities in practice.</p> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/208340745"></iframe></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-green"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Test Yourself</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p><i>Use flashcards to practise your recall.</i></p> <div class="tib-flashcard"><a class="show-flashcards btn btn-success btn-xs-block btn-block " data-levels="1" data-mode="Normal" data-topics="478" data-subject-id="6" data-n-flashcards="16" style="text-align:center">Show flashcards</a></div><hr> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-red"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Just for Fun</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p><em>Check out this πg physics summary.</em></p> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/208340745"></iframe></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-container panel-self-assessment" data-id="218"> <div class="panel-heading">MY PROGRESS</div> <div class="panel-body understanding-rate"> <div class="msg"></div> <label class="label-lg">Self-assessment</label><p>How much of <strong>Kinematics</strong> have you understood?</p><div class="slider-container text-center"><div id="self-assessment-slider" class="sib-slider self-assessment " data-value="1" data-percentage=""></div></div> <label class="label-lg">My notes</label> <textarea name="page-notes" class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Write your notes here..."></textarea> </div> <div class="panel-footer text-xs-center"> <span id="last-edited" class="mb-xs-3"> </span> <div class="actions mt-xs-3"> <button id="save-my-progress" type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary text-center btn-xs-block"> <i class="fa fa-fw fa-floppy-o"></i> Save </button> </div> </div></div> <div id="modal-feedback" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h4 class="modal-title">Feedback</h4> <button type="button" class="close hidden-xs hidden-sm" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="errors"></div> <p><strong>Which of the following best describes your feedback?</strong></p> <form method="post" style="overflow: hidden"> <div class="form-group"> <div class="radio"><label style="color: #121212;"><input type="radio" name="feedback-type" value="Recommendation"> Recommend</label></div><div class="radio"><label style="color: #121212;"><input type="radio" name="feedback-type" value="Problem"> Report a problem</label></div><div class="radio"><label style="color: #121212;"><input type="radio" name="feedback-type" value="Improvement"> Suggest an improvement</label></div><div class="radio"><label style="color: #121212;"><input type="radio" name="feedback-type" value="Other"> Other</label></div> </div> <hr> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="feedback-name">Name</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="feedback-name" placeholder="Name" value=" "> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="feedback-email">Email address</label> <input type="email" class="form-control" name="feedback-email" placeholder="Email" value="@airmail.cc"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="feedback-comments">Comments</label> <textarea class="form-control" name="feedback-comments" style="resize: vertical;"></textarea> </div> <input type="hidden" name="feedback-ticket" value="082b9c9c4ae3624d"> <input type="hidden" name="feedback-url" value="https://studyib.net/physics/page/218/kinematics"> <input type="hidden" name="feedback-subject" value="6"> <input type="hidden" name="feedback-subject-name" value="Physics"> <div class="pull-left"> </div> </form> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-xs-block feedback-submit mb-xs-3 pull-right"> <i class="fa fa-send"></i> Send </button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs-block m-xs-0 pull-left" data-dismiss="modal"> Close </button> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fc-viewer" class="modal fade modal-flashcard" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"><div class="modal-dialog" role="document"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header" style="background-color: #fafafa;"><div class="row" style="width: 100%;"><div class="col-md-12 tags-heading"><div style="display: flex; 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