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<h2>HL Paper 1</h2><div class="question">
<p>A cyclist accelerates in a straight line. At one instant, when the cyclist is exerting a forward force of 40 N, the air resistance acting on the cyclist is 10 N.</p>
<p>What is the rate of change of momentum of the cyclist at this instant?</p>
<p>A. 10 kg m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>B. 30 kg m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>C. 40 kg m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>D. 50 kg m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A mass is suspended from the ceiling of a train carriage by a string. The string makes an angle <em>θ</em> with the vertical when the train is accelerating along a straight horizontal track.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt></p>
<p>What is the acceleration of the train? </p>
<p>A. <em>g </em>sin <em>θ</em></p>
<p>B. <em>g </em>cos <em>θ</em> </p>
<p>C. <em>g </em>tan <em>θ</em> </p>
<p>D. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{g}{{\tan \theta }}">
<mfrac>
<mi>g</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>tan</mi>
<mo></mo>
<mi>θ</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A sunbather is supported in water by a floating sun bed. Which diagram represents the magnitudes of the forces acting on the sun bed?</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A force acts on an object of mass 40 kg. The graph shows how the acceleration <em>a</em> of the object varies with its displacement <em>d.</em></p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>What is the work done by the force on the object?</p>
<p>A. 50 J</p>
<p>B. 2000 J</p>
<p>C. 2400 J</p>
<p>D. 3200 J</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A parachutist of total mass 70 kg is falling vertically through the air at a constant speed of 8 m s<sup>–1</sup>.</p>
<p>What is the total upward force acting on the parachutist?</p>
<p>A. 0 N</p>
<p>B. 70 N</p>
<p>C. 560 N</p>
<p>D. 700 N</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Three forces act at a point. In which diagram is the point in equilibrium?</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A stationary nucleus of polonium-210 undergoes alpha decay to form lead-206. The initial speed of the alpha particle is <em>v</em>. What is the speed of the lead-206 nucleus?</p>
<p>A. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{206}}{4}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>206</mn>
</mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span><em>v</em></p>
<p>B. <em>v</em></p>
<p>C. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{206}}{210}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>206</mn>
</mrow>
<mn>210</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span><em>v</em></p>
<p>D. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{4}}{206}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
</mrow>
<mn>206</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span><em>v</em></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Two bodies each of equal mass travelling in opposite directions collide head-on.</p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>What is a possible outcome of the collision?</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>This question was well answered by HL candidates. Some students may have answered incorrectly due to consideration of speed rather than velocity.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A block of mass 1.0 kg rests on a trolley of mass 4.0 kg. The coefficient of dynamic friction between the block and the trolley is 0.30.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>A horizontal force<em> F</em> = 5.0 N acts on the block. The block slides over the trolley. What is the acceleration of the trolley?</p>
<p>A. 5.0 m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>B. 1.0 m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>C. 0.75 m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>D. 0.60 m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A ball starts from rest and moves horizontally. Six positions of the ball are shown at time intervals of 1.0 ms. The horizontal distance between X, the initial position, and Y, the final position, is 0.050 m.</p>
<p> <img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-13_om_18.24.32.png" alt="M18/4/PHYSI/HPM/ENG/TZ2/06"></p>
<p>What is the average acceleration of the ball between X and Y?</p>
<p>A. 2000 m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>B. 4000 m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>C. 5000 m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
<p>D. 8000 m s<sup>–2</sup></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A student draws a graph to show the variation with time <em>t </em>of the acceleration <em>a </em>of an object. </p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt></p>
<p>What can the student deduce from this graph only, and what quantity from the graph is used to make this deduction?</p>
<p><img 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" alt> </p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A projectile is fired at an angle to the horizontal. The path of the projectile is shown.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img 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"></p>
<p>Which gives the magnitude of the horizontal component and the magnitude of the vertical component of the velocity of the projectile between O and P?</p>
<p> </p>
<p><img 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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>The graph shows the variation of the acceleration a of an object with time <em>t</em>.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>What is the change in speed of the object shown by the graph?</p>
<p>A. 0.5 m s<sup>–1</sup></p>
<p>B. 2.0 m s<sup>–1</sup></p>
<p>C. 36 m s<sup>–1</sup></p>
<p>D. 72 m s<sup>–1</sup></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A stopper of mass 8 g leaves the opening of a container that contains pressurized gas.The stopper accelerates from rest for a time of 16 ms and leaves the container at a speed of 20 m s<sup>–1</sup>.</p>
<p>What is the order of magnitude of the force acting on the stopper?</p>
<p>A. 10<sup>–3</sup> N</p>
<p>B. 10<sup>0</sup> N</p>
<p>C. 10<sup>1</sup> N</p>
<p>D. 10<sup>3</sup> N </p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A block rests on a rough horizontal plane. A force P is applied to the block and the block moves to the right.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>There is a coefficient of friction <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>μ</mi><mtext>d</mtext></msub></math> giving rise to a frictional force F between the block and the plane. The force P is doubled. Will <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>μ</mi><mtext>d</mtext></msub></math> and F be unchanged or greater?</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>An astronaut is orbiting Earth in a spaceship. Why does the astronaut experience weightlessness?</p>
<p>A. The astronaut is outside the gravitational field of Earth.</p>
<p>B. The acceleration of the astronaut is the same as the acceleration of the spaceship.</p>
<p>C. The spaceship is travelling at a high speed tangentially to the orbit.</p>
<p>D. The gravitational field is zero at that point.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">An object is thrown from a cliff at an angle to the horizontal. The ground below the cliff is horizontal.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Three quantities are known about this motion.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;padding-left:60px;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">I. The horizontal component of the initial velocity of the object<br>II. The initial angle between the velocity of the object and the horizontal<br>III. The height of the cliff</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">What are the quantities that must be known in order to determine the horizontal distance from the point of projection to the point at which the object hits the ground?</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A. I and II only<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B. I and III only<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C. II and III only<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">D. I, II and III</span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A body is held in translational equilibrium by three coplanar forces of magnitude <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>4</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>5</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi></math>. Three statements about these forces are</p>
<p style="padding-left:60px;">I. all forces are perpendicular to each other<br>II. the forces cannot act in the same direction<br>III. the vector sum of the forces is equal to zero.</p>
<p>Which statements are true?</p>
<p>A. I and II only</p>
<p>B. I and III only</p>
<p>C. II and III only</p>
<p>D. I, II and III</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A ball is thrown upwards at time <em>t</em> = 0. The graph shows the variation with time of the height of the ball. The ball returns to the initial height at time <em>T</em>.</p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAsYAAADeCAYAAAA+csZqAAAgAElEQVR4nO3df1TU55n38U84adqhxhaSfUx2kgiVqasWydrYPqO24i6SEtMFTU78MRBtIhWTGFFMUmRsnmwg1EQUo1F8MCkW8NcmBDYxHF2y0TQwbW3ZENJ4koE6tplE95ihZX2Y1rMLzx9mKP5AAQe+8515v/6KAzNzAe3MZ+7vdV/3NT09PT0CAAAAIlyU0QUAAAAAoYBgDAAAAIhgDAAAAEgiGAMAAACSBhKMOw9r3cRJmlvxobqv6qlO67BzphLSK+Qe6AMN8Lm7Tx7V7tp31XlV9QEAACCSjeCK8Y1KLjyitrolsgX1WU/r7a1r9JNf/zGYDwoAAIAIQysFAAAAoEEE47Ntb6vSma6EuHglxNn1w+ddOnlef0On3G9u0Q8nxp/7njSnqppP9mmBuEQrRfdJNVc6NSfwmJtqVbdp4UXtFv0+d/eH2pU+U0urfq+uqh9oSlymdrn/fFW/EAAAAESmAQbjLn1Y8yt1pu/QR552vXvwYalsqZb/LND7e1af1D6pezac1py6FrV52vVu6d/p7cyH9Xxzfy0Of1Tz5oe15MgteuoXH6rNc1B5MQe1bvMvBv7cUeO1uO6IdmbepujMn6rZU6XFti8N+ZcBAACAyDXgFePoeQ4tnnqTohSlUeO/p0XzblTrqy61d0vqbNL2tc1Kf2KF0m2jJUVp1Ph79djjFm19qvbSm+0639Wr5RblPbFEd9x0naTRGn9/rvKSogf33AAAAEAQDDAYR2tcws0adcmvdauz+S3Vdd2qBGvf77hOY+LGKbqlQU3tF7Y3fH4fjdPYMdf1qWasps39+0E8NwAAABAc1wbvoRr19OwJevqi26df4nvP6pSnXV0aF7ynBwAAAK5C8IJx9P3a+YsnlTy6v0XoM33++/PV5KA9OQAAAHB1gjCuLUqjp8xSug7rzWZfn9u71Xn4SU2e+KQOd17YDBy4T7tOnDrb5y7/qQ9+2X71JQEAAACDFJw5xqNv19zsG7Vn/RbVuTsldeuM+1/13PrDmvHMg/rupVaRR9+uudl+layv0K9PnpXUqQ9/Vqx19SeHVEJXq0en/rtLZ7rYkQcAAIDBC9IBH1/VlFU/Vf2aG3UgPUkJceN0e/oB3bBmp57NuK2fJ/mqpqx8QRUzP9aT/3u8EuLuVEnHt/VAyk2DfO5Y3bF4lRaefU5pCT/UK96zF33Hc88+q+qqqiH8XAAAAIgU1/T09PQYXcRfndZh5z16VE/pncJkjQ7CI7a0tOie9AzdFjdWO8rLZbPZgvCoAAAACDdBnEoxON3uCt0z+1UlVWzXj5P/VlE6q5NHX9bumhv1QNXtQQnFfr9fq1aulCStdTpVummTXti2LQiPDMDMfD6fPvvsswF97y233CKLxTLMFQEAQoGBK8adch+u0c/WP6c9x7okSdEpj+rphxbq+1NuCkqPR3VVlT755BPt2LZdbZ7jevihh5Samqr0jIwgPDoAI7ndbknS6dOn9Z+nTkmSPv30pD7++A+939PU2Kjfe05c8v4LHIsG9Dx7q3df8f5f+cpX9PWvf12S9OVRozR27FhJhGoAMJsQa6UIHrfbrWXZ2TpQX6/ECRPV5jkur9ermdNn6FfNv1FsbKzRJQK4DLfbra6uLnmOH9eZM2d07NgxdXR06OAb9ZKkO+9KU0xMTL+hVJKio6NltVqDXpvf79fHH3/c++/+wnkgVE/99rc0LiFBt9xyq26++SbFxccrOjqa1i4ACDFhG4wXzp+vB7OzlZKSooS4eLV5jkuS6mpr9dFHH+mxxx83uEIAgYB54sQJnTp5UseOHetd5Q0E36lTp0qSJk6aJEmmDJNer1ddXV06ceKE/t+ZMzp69GhvyL8tbqymTZ+uCRMmaMxNN2ns2LGsNAOAQcI2GHu93t6Vor7B2O/3y+fzDcsqEoD+BULwB7/9rT766CM1/+Y3OvrLX+nOu9KUmDhZN998kyZOmjRsq7yhKtDv/MFvf9u72ry3endvYJ46dari4uN16623cqULAIZZ2AbjvvoGYwAjw+v16tixY/qP5ubeELzAsUgTJkzQ18aN02233RZRAXiwvF6vTp8+Lc/x4zp69KiaGhslqTcsT5w0iZVlAAgygjGAoHC73frgt7/V0aNHtbd6t6Z++1uamTxLCbYETZgwgRAcBD6fTx9++KF+196uY8eOaW/17t4V96TbkzR+/HhWlQHgKhCMAQxJYEX48Ftv9Qa0adOm6RuJiVz2H0H9fSBJuj1Jt99+OyvKADAIBGMAA+L3+/Xuu++q5d0W7d+3V2PGjOkNYKxUho4Lg3LgA8u3vv1tU25cBICRRDAG0C+fz6fm5ubeVeEFjkVKnjWL1ggTaWlp0futrWpqatLBN+q17KHlmvGd7/BhBgAugWAM4Dxer1eH33pLTU1NOvbBB7pv/gIuy4eJQI/yOz//uXZs264770pTamqq7pg6lQ86ACCCMQD9NQy//tprOnXqlO6bv0D2aXYlJSUZXRqGUUtLi1xNrt7WmLu//30lz5pFSAYQsQjGQIQKtEm8WF5OGIbcbrd+9ctf6vXXXpMkQjKAiEQwBiJIYAPdgddf197q3VrzxBOEYVyk7xUE6VxITrvrLnqSAYQ9gjEQAdxut95seFMb1q/XAscizbn7bnqGMSB92y0mTJyoufPmafr06fxvB0BYIhgDYcrv96uxsVEvlpdLkhYsXKjvfPe7rPphyFpaWnTo4EHt2LZdyx5artQ77+RqA4CwQjAGwkzf1WHCC4ZD4EPXqzU1OvbBB3pw6VJaLQCEBYIxEAYCvcPPl5ZKYnUYI8fr9eq1f31N+/ft1bTp0zXn7rtlt9uNLgsAhoRgDJiYz+dT/Rtv6MWdOwklMFTgw1lVZSWryABMi2AMmFDfdok1Tzyh7//T9xmrhZARWEWmnQeA2RCMARNxuVw68Prramps1MrcXKXeeSfTARCyLtwA+mhuLtNQAIQ0gjFgAi6Xq7d/+NHcXNolYDotLS36l/371dTYeFGbhd/vV80rr+jgwYP6wrVf0N3/9H1973vfI0ADGHEEYyBE9d1QF3vDDcrMyiIQw/T6tlmseeIJzU6drfwf/UjNR3/d+z2WaIsmTJqk/f/yLwZWCiASEYyBEOP3+3Xo4EFtLi3VtOnTtXjJEtlsNqPLAoIqsHG0dNMm/emPf1T3/3Sf9/UvfvGLemFHmZKTkw2qEEAkijK6AADn+P1+1dXWak5amo4ePaod5eUqLCoiFCMsxcbGypGZqW/eMfWiUCxJf/nLX/Tzt39uQGUAItm1RhcARLoLV4h3lJcThhExvvrVr/T7tb/5m78ZwUoAgBVjwFAul0sPLFnCCjEi1vfS0vSFL3zhotuvueYavXHggFwulwFVAYhU9BgDBghMmYi94QblrlpFGEZEW/+Tn6jqZ5Xyd3VJOtdffP8Plui7M2cyjQXAiCIYAyPI7XardNMm+T77jDd6oA+326202akq+PE6zfjOd877sMi4QgAjhWAMjACv16vt27apqbFRRcXFvLEDl3Cl1+pAQB6XkMC0FgDDgmAMDCOfz6f9+/Zr/769nFQHBInL5VJBfj7jDAEEHZvvgGEQGL1277x5kqSXa2qUnpFBKAaCwG6360B9vaZOnapl2dl67tln5fP5jC4LQBggGANB1nfSRGV1tXKW5/QefQsgOCwWi9IzMnSgvl5f//rX9a0p31TZ9jL5/X6jSwNgYrRSAEES6CNub2vTj9auVVJSktElARGDtiUAwUAwBq6S3+9XzSuv6MWdO3lDBgzmdru1q6JC7W1tTLAAMGgEY+AqBDYBpd11lx5cupSWCSBEtLS06CfPPMMECwCDQjAGhqBv28Q/FxbypguEqLraWm0uLdV98xdo8ZLFXM0BcFlsvgMGITBtYub0GZo6dar27NtHKAZCWGCDniTNSUtTXW2twRUBCGUEY2CA3G5377SJXzX/RukZGUaXBISVhLj4YXlci8WinOU52lFerkOHDmnh/Plyu93D8lwAzO1aowsAQp3f79fWLVtU/8YbnFoHmJjNZtML27apoaFBy7KzlXbXXXpkxQraKwD0YsUYuAyXy6U5aWm6/vrROlBfTygGwkBKSooO1Nfr+utHa05amhoaGowuCUCIYPMdcAk+n08bS0rYXAeMICNeq91ut37sdCr2hhu0tqBAVqt1RJ8fQGhhxRi4QENDg+6dN08TJkzQSxUVhGIgjNlsNu3Zt0+pqanKcjhUXVXF6XlABCMYA5/z+XxyFhToxfJy7SgvlyMzk95DIEKkZ2To5ZoaHTt2TA8sWcLmPCBCEYwBsUoMQIqNjVVhUZEezc3VsuxsPffss6weAxGGYIyIxioxgAvZ7fbzZh+3tLQYXBGAkUIwRsRyuVysEgO4JIvFoscef1ybNm/WqpUrWT0GIgTBGBHH7/fruWefVUF+PqvEQAgJxelBSUlJrB4DEYRgjIjidrs1Jy1NknSgvp5VYgBXxOoxEDkIxogIfr9f1VVVWpadrU2bN+uxxx9nlRjAoLB6DIQ/DvhA2PN6vXqmqEgxMTFanZen2NhYo0sCYHItLS1atXIlx0oDYYYVY4S1hoYGZTkcSk1NVWFREaEYQFD0XT1m7jEQPlgxRljy+/3aumWLmn/zG23YuJFjXgEMm4aGBj1TWKgHly6VIzPT6HIAXAVWjBF23G63HliyRJL0UkUFoRjAsEpJSdHLNTVqamrSww89JK/Xa3RJAIaIYIywUldbq2XZ2XowO5sNdgBGTGxsrF7Ytk2pqanKcjjU0NBgdEkAhuBaowsAgsHv96uosFAdHR2qrK5mlRgwoXBoe0vPyNDESZP0Y6dT/9HczMY8wGRYMYbpBWYT33LLrdpQUkIoBmAom82mlyoqJLExDzAbgjFMraGhQcuys1VUXKyc5TmszAAICYFDQR7NzdWy7GzV1dYaXRKAASAYw5QCxzq/WF6uyupq2e12o0sCgIvY7XZVVlfr0KFDchYUcGIeEOIIxjAdr9fL1AkApmG1WrWhpES33HKr5qSl0VoBhDCCMUzF5XIpy+Fg6gQAU7FYLMpZnqOi4mJaK4AQRjCGaZRtL1NBfr52lJcrJSXF6HIAYNBorQBCG8EYIc/v9+vhhx5Sa+t7OlBfL5vNZnRJADBkF7ZWcCAIEDoIxghpXq9Xc9LSlJg4WS9s20brBICw0Le1Yub0GRwIAoQIDvhAyHK5XMpauEiVe3YzdQJAWLLb7TrS+I7WrF6tNnebFi9ZzAIAYCBWjBGSAv3ERxrfIRQDEcLsp94NldVq1UsVFfr44z9oTV6efD6f0SUBEYtgjJByYT8xo9gARAKLxaLCoiJNmzZN986bx0g3wCAEY4SMwHzixMTJ2lBSwuVEABHHkZnZO9KNvmNg5BGMERJaWlp65xNztDOASBYY6fZiebnKtpcx0g0YQQRjGK6hoUGrVq7Ups2bmU8MAKLvGDAKwRiGKttephfLy1VZXa2kpCSjywGAkBHoO05MnKx7581j3jEwAhjXBkP4/X6tycuTJL1UUUHrBAD0I2d5jpJuT9LM6TMYXwkMM1aMMeL6brLj0A4AAQlx8UaXELIC844L8vNVXVVldDlA2CIYY0S53W5lORxasHChcpbnGF0OAJiG1WrVyzU1ampq0nPPPsumPGAYEIwxYlwul9Jmp6qouFjpGRlGlwMAphMbG6sNJSWSxKY8YBgQjDEi6mprOckOAILAYrHosccfZ1MeMAwIxhh2ZdvLdOjQIVVWV3OSHQAESc7yHBUVFyvL4ZDL5TK6HCAsEIwxbPoe77yhpIRQDABBZrfbtWnzZhXk5xOOgSAgGGNYBMaxcbwzAAyvpKQkVVZXqyA/X2Xby4wuBzA1gjGCzuv1ak5amhITJ3O8MwCMAKvVqgP19WptfY+JFcBVIBgjqLxer7IcDq11OhnHBgAjyGKxaENJif70pz9pTV4e4RgYAoIxgsblcmnm9BkqKi5WSkqK0eUAQMTpe4z0mrw8JlYAg0QwRlC4XC4V5OfrlbpaxrEBGJI2z3GjSwgbOctzNG3aNGU5HIRjYBCuNboAmF9dba02l5Yyjg0AQogjM1NfGzdOWQ6HdpSXy2azGV0SEPJYMcZVKdtepr179hCKASAE2e12FRUXK212KuPcgAEgGGPIyraXqbX1Pb1UUUEoBoAQZbfbdaTxHWYdAwNAMMagXXhwB+PYACC0Wa3W3lnH1VVVRpcDhCyCMQYlcHBHTEwMoRgATCQQjl9/7TUOAgH6QTDGgPU9za6wqIhQDAAmY7Va9VJFhVpb3yMcA5dAMMaAeL3e3lDMwR0AYF6Bg0BaW9+Ts6CAg0CAPgjGuKLAaXaEYgDDKSEu3ugSIkYgHHd0dHBKHtAHwRiXFQjFK3NzCcUAEEYsFote2Lat95Q8wjFAMMZlBEJxUXGx0jMyjC4HADAMcpbnEI6BzxGMcUl9QzFHPANAeCMcA+cQjHGRlpYWQjEARJhAOJ6Tliav12t0OYAhCMY4j8vl0j3pGYRiAMHR/aF2pU/SZOdhdRpdC64oZ3mO7pu/QFkOB+EYEYlgjF4ul0tZCxepcs9uQjGA4DjzqdrcNyo95RsabXQtGJCc5TlamZtLOEZEutboAhAaXC6XCvLz9UpdrZKSkowuB0CY6D7l0ftdtyrDOsroUjAI6RkZ+l9jxijL4VBldbWsVqvRJQEjghVj9IbiyupqQjGAIOrWGe9xtUeP09gvH1edM10JcfGavLRMvz551ujicAV2u11FxcWsHCOiEIwjXN9QzIoAgOA6q1OednWN7dK7h05o4o9eVdvvjujpL+zSA1ubLuo5bvMcN6RK9I9wjEhDMI5ghGIAw6r7hJpe/Q/pukmac//3ZBsVJUVF6ys3XKeuVo9OdRtdIAaCcIxIQjCOUIRiAMPu8413C1fdLVvg3ab7M51oPa3oxDiN4R3INAjHiBS8LEUgQjGAkRDYeJfQd+PdmU/V5pbGJdwstuOZC+EYkYBgHGEIxQBGRp+Nd2Ou++utpzx6v+vvlTF9LG9AJkQ4RrjjdSmCEIoBjByfmhsOq8sWL+uowFvNn9Xe2KDWC8IyzIVwjHBGMI4QhGIAI6r7M51o/S8lzrVrXO87zRl52/6g6HmzNGU0bz9mRjhGuOKVKQIQigGMuDOfqs19vb4Rd8Nf32g+D8v0F4cHu92utU4n4Rhh5Zqenp4eo4sYbglx8RE7H5NQDMAsIvm12szKtpdp/769ermmRrGxsUaXA1wVjoQOYy6XS1kLF6n+3w4RigEAwyJneY4kaZ3TqQ0lJbJYLAZXBAwdrRRhKhCKK/fsls1mM7ocAEAYy1meo8TEyVqTlye/3290OcCQEYzDkNfr7Q3Fdrvd6HIAABGAcIxwQDAOM16vV1kOB6EYADDiCMcwO4JxGAmE4qLiYkIxAMAQOctzFBMTozV5eUaXAgwawThMEIoBAKGiwOmUdG5iBWAmBOMwQCgGAIQSi8WiDSUlam19j3AMUyEYm5zP51OWw6H75i8gFAMAQgbhGGZEMDYxv9+vdU6n7pu/oHeOJAAAocJisejpwkLt37dXdbW1RpcDXBHB2KT8fr/W5OUpMXEyoRhAWODUu/AUGxuryupqbS4tlcvlMroc4LIIxiZEKAYAmInValVldbUK8vMJxwhpBGMTKioslCRCMQDANKxWq3aUlytr4SJ5vV6jywEuiWBsMmXby9TR0aENJSVGlwIAwKDYbDZV7tmtLIeDcIyQRDA2kbLtZWptfU8bSkpksViMLgcAgEGz2+0qKi4mHCMkEYxNorqqSkcOv0UoBgCYnt1u133zF+iZoiKOjkZIIRibgMvl0os7d2rDxo2EYgBAWMhZnqPExMlak5dHOEbIIBiHOJfLpYL8fFVWV8tqtRpdDgAMm4S4eKNLwAjLWZ6jmJgYbd2yxehSAEkE45DW0tKirIWLCMUAgLBV4HTK4/FwOh5CAsE4RHm9Xq1auVKVe3YTigEAYStwdPSRw2+poaHB6HIQ4a41ugBczOv1KsvhUFFxsex2u9HlAAAwrCwWizZs3Kgsh0Nf/vKXee+DYVgxDjF+v19rVq/WytxcXhgAABEjcDoeB4DASATjEBI46nlm8iylZ2QYXQ4AACPKarVyAAgMRTAOIWvy8pSYOJmjngEAEctut2tlbq7WrF7NGDeMOIJxiAjsxl28ZLHBlQAAYKz0jAzNTJ7FjGOMOIJxCOCoZwAAzhe4erqrYpfBlSCSEIwN5nK5tH/fXj1dWEgoBgCgjw0lJWptfU/VVVVGl4IIQTA2UN9T7WJjY40uBwAM1eY5bnQJCDEWi0VrCwr04s6dcrlcRpeDCHBNT09Pj9FFDLeEuPiQe8H1er2aOX2GXqmrVVJSktHlAAAQsgLvmUca3+HQKwwrVowNEDjAo3LPbkIxAABXwBg3jBSC8QjjAA8AAAbPbrfrwaVL9UxREZMqMGwIxiOIAzwAABg6R2am4uLiVFRYaHQpCFME4xEUGDnDAR4AAAzNIytWqKOjo3f+PxBMBOMR0ndWMQAAGBqLxaKnCwu1f99eJlUg6K41uoBIEJhV/HJNDbOKAQC4SrGxsaqsrmZSBYKOFeNh1tLSwqxiABiAhLh4o0uAifSdVOHz+YwuB2GCYDyMvF6vVq1cqaLiYj7NAgAQZIFJFeucTiZVICgIxsPE7/cry+HQWqeTsWwAAAwTR2amYmJieje4A1eDYDwMAmPZ7pu/QCkpKUaXAwBAWCtwOnXk8Fuqq601uhSYHMF4GGzdskUxMTGMZQMAYARYLBZt2LhRm0tL1dLSYnQ5MDGCcZBVV1XJ4/GowOk0uhQAACKG1WrVps2btWrlSo6NxpARjIPI5XLpxZ07tbaggLFsAACMsKSkJK3MzeXYaAwZwThIvF6vshYuUmV1NRMoAAAwSHpGhuLi4rR1yxajS4EJEYyDwOv1KsvhUOWe3YRiAAAM9siKFfJ4PGzGw6Bd09PT02N0EcMtIS5ebZ7jw/LYgQkU06ZNkyMzc1ieAwAADE5g0WpHeblsNpvR5cAkWDG+SkWFhYqLiyMUAwAQQqxWq4qKi7UsO5uT8TBgBOOrULa9TB0dHXpkxQqjSwEAABfgZDwMFsF4iFwul/bv26unCwuZQAEAQIjiZDwMBsF4CPpOoIiNjTW6HAAAcBkFTqf279srl8tldCkIcQTjQfL5fEygAADARCwWiyqrq5W1cBGHf+CyCMaD4Pf7tc7p1INLl8putxtdDgAAGCCr1aqyneVas3o1/cboF8F4ELZu2aKYmBgmUAAAYEIpKSmamTxLRYWFRpeCEEUwHqC62lp5PB4VOJ1GlwIAYSkhLt7oEhABFi9ZrI6ODg7/wCVda3QBZtDS0qLNpaWqrK5mAgUAACZmsVi0tqBAWQ6HJk6axOEfOA8rxlfg9Xq1auVKbdq8mc12AACEgb6Hf9BvjL4Ixpfh9/u1ZvVqrczNVVJSktHlAACAILHb7bpv/gL6jXEegvFlFBUWambyLKVnZBhdCgAACDL6jXEhgnE/qquq1NHRocVLFhtdCgAAGAaBfuPNpaVyu91Gl4MQQDC+BJfLpRd37uS4ZwAAwhz9xuiLYHwBr9ergvx87Sgv57hnAAAiAP3GCCAY9xHYbLfW6WR8CwAAEYR+Y0gE4/MENtulpKQYXQoAABhB9BtDIhj3YrMdABirzXPc6BIQ4eg3BsFYbLYDAADn0G8c2SI+GAc2223avJnNdgAAoLffuKGhwehSMMKu6enp6TG6iOGWEBd/yUt0fr9fa/LylJqayiEeAACgl9fr1czpM3Sk8R1ZrVajy8EIiegV461btiguLo5QDAAAzmO1WlW2s1xrVq+m3ziCmDgYd8r95hb9cGK8EuLilRCXrnUVh+U+0z2ge9fV1srj8eiRFSuGuU4AAGBGKSkpmvLNb2pXxS6jS8EIMW0w7nbX6PEV7ylxl0sfeY6r7f1nlPBOvu75ydvqvMJ93W63NpeWam1BAZvtAABAvx5ZsUL79+2Vy+UyuhSMAJMG4z+rvbFB7fMcWjz1pnM/xKgJmpuZKtW8pebO/leNfT6flmVnq6i4mJ4hAAghCXHxRpcAXMRisWhHebkK8vPl8/mMLgfDzJzBuPuEml79QOMSbtao3hujNMoar3Fd7Tpx6my/d13ndOrBpUtlt9tHolIAAGByNptNDy5dqnVOp9GlmEpDQ4PpPkyYMxj3I2pMnL4R/Qe1ec9c8utl28skSY7MzJEsCwAAmFwgO3Bk9OB8a8o3TfU7M2cwPvOp2tx/GdRdXC6X9u/bqw0lJcNUFAAACGccGT04KSkpOtL4jg4dOqSHH3rIFL83cwbjISjIz9eO8nI22wEAgCGxWq1a63TqzYY3jS7FNKxWq17Ytk1z583TsuxsVVdVhfT4u2uNLmBIRt2sBNsX9f4g7vJ7zwmlzU4dtpIAAFePDXgwiw3r1xtdgik96Vyn5FmzQnYAgjmDcT+6T3n0ftetyrCOOu/2S516BwAAgOHndrtVummTpHPtKKEaiiWztlJEjdW0uRPV3vap/rrNrltnvMfVHj1OY8dcZ2BxAAAA8Pv9qq6q0rLsbM2dN08vbNsW0qFYMmsw1pc0bnqKxlVt0sbDn6hbUvfJX2pX1WHdmn237hht0h8LAAAgTBQVFurYsWN6uaZGKSkpRpczINf09PT0GF3E0HTK/eYuPbdio/69S5Ju0j+s/Gc9lv2Pso0iGAMAABjJ5/MpNjbW6DIGxcTB+Eq6dcb9pnau/7G2NpyUFK3xmY/pscXzlGwbbXRxAICLdOuM+y3Ver+mRcnxZr2kiTDV7a7QPbOfUutlvic686d6pzBZpAzzCt/XnW63XllTqA8mb9Q7vzuuNo9LGxN+qUfTS3T4MkdGAwAM0vm21qf/sz7U9WH85gSzirIt0aue42rzHFeb5zVccXgAAAP1SURBVJjq/890KelJ1f8ucNtxvUcoHrDuk0e1u/ZddZ77lzoPP6nJcZna5f6zoXWF7WtPd7tLte5kLVrybd0UJUmjNX7efKXrsN5sNtfxhAAQCQKThRIumCwEhJ4z8rb9QdGJcRoTtklqOJ3W21vX6Ce//uPn/47S6OSn9J6nSottXzK0sjD9c/5Z7Y0NarXFy9q333jUzUqw/Zfe93wm1owBIFScWy26ffZTalWjnp59p9YdPm10UUD/uj/Tidb/0riEm8XHuPASpsG4H1E3aGzi9ReMeQMAGCtKo5NX6PnM2xSd+VM1e47o6eQbjS4K6Fd3u0u1LdfrG3E3RFiQCoLuD7UrfaaWVv1eXVU/0JS4TO1yd13QSnFah50zNflHFfr3SqfmxMUrIW6S5jhr5e78RM29t9n1w+ddOnneamen3G9u0Q8nxishLl4JaU5VNZ8c8IJomP49z13iAACYBCtwMI3AuQnJ+scp5pq4EBKixmtx3RHt7P0g3H/7RNfeHdr7Pwu1z3NcHzUVaWzNKqVNXq5Xr8/SPk+73j34sFT2I73wduAK01l9Uvuk7tlwWnPqWtTmade7pX+ntzMf1vPNf7zkc1xUXpB+TAAAhu7Mp2pzswIHMzirU552dV3YrongS1qmx+6fpFGSov52hu6bd5uUNFf3/9N4jVKURtmmarrttOoa3j+3ia+zSdvXNiv9iRVKt42WFKVR4+/VY49btPWpWrkHsGwcpn/RUbIm3Gp0EQCAAWLjHcyDjXdG6v/33q3O5rdUd9HryHUaEzdO0S0Namq/8sSLa4NVqCkELtXN5VIdAISOwKXpcRo75jqjiwEur/N9vVlzWuMeJ0uEpkY9PXuCnr7o9ukDuneYBuNzR0YnPntc3jPdsgWOiOZSHQCEoHOXpjVvqaaM5tUZoe3c1Y2/V8b0sWSJUBR9v3b+4kklD/G1JGz/plHj7MqwvabnSt46t1ux+6R+XVGturH3au4dNMsDQOhgwzTMgqsboStKo6fMusR5FZ8fHjLxyQEd8Ba2wVhRNt2zYb1me52a8bV4JXzNrgfem6zS5xdrCs3yABBCRuvvUlJ1a9UPNGWAb16AMdh4F0xdrR6d+u8unekK0v/nR9+uudk3as/6Lapzd+rcMfP/qufWH9aMZx7UdwewihymrRSSFKVRttnK3TlbuUaXAgC4jOt0U3KBDngKjC4EuIIvybakSm1LjK7D7GJ1x+JVWvhogdISGrTu3/6v5gblcb+qKat+qvrJu/RcepLyuiRFp+iRLTv1xD/eNqDV4Gt6enp6glILAAAAYGJcBwAAAABEMAYAAAAkEYwBAAAASQRjAAAAQJL0/wEJyyJ0PBW6AQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="></p>
<p>What is the height <em>h</em> at time <em>t</em> ?</p>
<p>A. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mi>g</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math><br><br>B. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mi>g</mi><msup><mi>T</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math><br><br>C. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>T</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></mfenced></math><br><br>D. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>t</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></mfenced></math></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>This question proved challenging, many more candidates chose answer A instead of correct D. Candidates need to be aware that there are useful strategies for answering questions, especially ones they may find difficult. Eliminate choices that are clearly wrong - here A (and therefore B as well) are incorrect as they reflect an equation producing a height that always increases. It is also sometimes helpful to invent numbers to test the equations, e.g. assuming that the height is a known value, testing the possible answers given. Five metres would work here, as the height covered in free-fall from rest during one second. Thrown upwards at 5 m/s, it would take 1 second to go up and another to come back, therefore T = 2s. Only D would give the correct answer of 0 m after 1 s. The question also produced many comments on the G2 due to its difficulty. It must be remembered that questions appear in guide topic order so it is unlikely that harder questions will only appear towards the middle of the paper.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A ball falls from rest in the absence of air resistance. The position of the centre of the ball is determined at one-second intervals from the instant at which it is released. What are the distances, in metres, travelled by the centre of the ball during <strong>each</strong> second for the first 4.0 s of the motion?</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A. 5, 10, 15, 20<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B. 5, 15, 25, 35<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C. 5, 20, 45, 80<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">D. 5, 25, 70, 150</span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A block of weight<em> W</em> is suspended by two strings of equal length. The strings are almost horizontal.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>What is correct about the tension <em>T</em> in one string?</p>
<p>A. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="T < \frac{W}{2}">
<mi>T</mi>
<mo><</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>W</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>B. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="T = \frac{W}{2}">
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>W</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>C. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{W}{2} < T \leqslant W">
<mfrac>
<mi>W</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo><</mo>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>⩽</mo>
<mi>W</mi>
</math></span></p>
<p>D. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="T > W">
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>></mo>
<mi>W</mi>
</math></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A mass <em>m</em> attached to a string of length <em>R</em> moves in a vertical circle with a constant speed. The tension in the string at the top of the circle is <em>T</em>. What is the kinetic energy of the mass at the top of the circle?</p>
<p> </p>
<p>A. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{R\left( {T + mg} \right)}}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>B. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{R\left( {T - mg} \right)}}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>−</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>C. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{Rmg}}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>D. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{R\left( {2T + mg} \right)}}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>T</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A boy throws a ball horizontally at a speed of 15 m s<sup>-1</sup> from the top of a cliff that is 80 m above the surface of the sea. Air resistance is negligible.</p>
<p>What is the distance from the bottom of the cliff to the point where the ball lands in the sea?</p>
<p>A. 45 m</p>
<p>B. 60 m</p>
<p>C. 80 m</p>
<p>D. 240 m</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A book of mass <em>m</em> lies on top of a table of mass <em>M</em> that rolls freely along the ground. The coefficient of friction between the book and the table is <em><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>μ</mi></math></em>. A person is pushing the rolling table.</p>
<p>What is the maximum acceleration of the table so that the book does not slide backwards relative to the table?</p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" 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"></p>
<p>A. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>μ</mi></mfrac></math></p>
<p>B. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>μ</mi><mi>g</mi></math></p>
<p>C. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi><mo> </mo><mi>μ</mi></mrow></mfrac></math></p>
<p>D. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mi>m</mi><mi>M</mi></mfrac><mi>μ</mi><mi>g</mi></math></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>Over half the candidates incorrectly chose option D. The book is only able to accelerate because of the friction force between the table and the book which depends on μ and the normal reaction force (mg) so independent of M, immediately eliminating options C and D.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A girl throws an object horizontally at time <em>t</em> = 0. Air resistance can be ignored. At<em> t</em> = 0.50 s the object travels horizontally a distance <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x">
<mi>x</mi>
</math></span> in metres while it falls vertically through a distance <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y">
<mi>y</mi>
</math></span> in metres.</p>
<p>What is the initial velocity of the object and the vertical distance fallen at <em>t</em> = 1.0 s?</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>The correct response (D) was the most common selection by a minority of candidates, with incorrect responses being roughly equally distributed among the remaining options. This question has one of the highest discrimination indexes.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A block rests on a frictionless horizontal surface. An air rifle pellet is fired horizontally into the block and remains embedded in the block.</p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>What happens to the total kinetic energy and to the total momentum of the block and pellet system as a result of the collision?</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>An object of mass 2kg is thrown vertically downwards with an initial kinetic energy of 100J. What is the distance fallen by the object at the instant when its kinetic energy has doubled? </p>
<p>A. 2.5m<br>B. 5.0m <br>C. 10m <br>D. 14m</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A book is at rest on a table. What is a pair of action–reaction forces for this situation according to Newton’s third law of motion?</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A nuclear particle has an energy of 10<sup>8</sup> eV. A grain of sand has a mass of 32 mg. What speed must the grain of sand have for its kinetic energy to equal the energy of the nuclear particle?</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A. 1 mm s<sup>–1</sup><br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B. 3 mm s<sup>–1</sup><br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C. 10 mm s<sup>–1</sup><br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">D. 16 mm s<sup>–1</sup></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A sports car is accelerated from 0 to 100 km per hour in 3 s. What is the acceleration of the car?</p>
<p>A. 0.1 <em>g</em></p>
<p>B. 0.3 <em>g</em></p>
<p>C. 0.9 <em>g</em></p>
<p>D. 3 <em>g</em></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>Response D was the most common (but incorrect) response, with candidates neglecting to convert km/h to m/s.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A solid metal ball is dropped from a tower. The variation with time of the velocity of the ball is plotted. </p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>A hollow metal ball with the same size and shape is dropped from the same tower. What graph will represent the variation with time of the velocity for the hollow metal ball?</p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" 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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A mass is released from the top of a smooth ramp of height <em><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi></math></em>. After leaving the ramp, the mass slides on a rough horizontal surface.</p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The mass comes to rest in a distance <em>d</em>. What is the coefficient of dynamic friction between the mass and the horizontal surface?</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>A. </mtext><mfrac><mrow><mi>g</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow><mi>h</mi></mfrac></math></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>B. </mtext><msqrt><mfrac><mi>d</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi></mrow></mfrac></msqrt></math></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>C. </mtext><mfrac><mi>d</mi><mi>h</mi></mfrac></math></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>D. </mtext><mfrac><mi>h</mi><mi>d</mi></mfrac></math></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A horizontal spring of spring constant k and negligible mass is compressed through a distance y from its equilibrium length. An object of mass m that moves on a frictionless surface is placed at the end of the spring. The spring is released and returns to its equilibrium length.</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
<p>What is the speed of the object just after it leaves the spring?</p>
<p>A. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y\sqrt {\frac{k}{m}} ">
<mi>y</mi>
<msqrt>
<mfrac>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
</mfrac>
</msqrt>
</math></span></p>
<p>B. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y\sqrt {\frac{m}{k}} ">
<mi>y</mi>
<msqrt>
<mfrac>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
</mfrac>
</msqrt>
</math></span></p>
<p>C. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y\frac{k}{m}">
<mi>y</mi>
<mfrac>
<mi>k</mi>
<mi>m</mi>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>D. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y\frac{m}{k}">
<mi>y</mi>
<mfrac>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">The graph shows the variation of momentum with time for an object.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">What net force acts on the object for the first 2.0 s and for the second 2.0 s of the motion?</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAe4AAADGCAYAAAAUn2O5AAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsMAAA7DAcdvqGQAAB96SURBVHhe7d0PVFN3gi/wL4G6bgvWMnqeCXb0QA7UPTI6hcO8p3Saag19Z4aeLnR0py0G8eyssxXt44mMvLZvpu1qK1msg76nMweeiO2OVnLcMu4UEJrtY9ujJ+n0lb4q2ejBDuY6R4ehQF/Vys373eQSkpDwR23hhu/Hk2Ny7yXc3Px+v+/v/u4vJM4rgIiIiDRh2gd3XFyceo+IiGjmiBbPmgjuab6LRDGL9Y9oaoxV93Tq/0RERKQBDG4iIiINYXATERFpCIObiIhIQxjcREREGsLgJiIi0hAG9wTJrjrkxcX5puiPvq1FneuauuX0Ikv/hj2WzK9xP29AOrMfFoN6LAwVOH68AgZx31DRjn51q69XP1yte4L2wQJrqwuD6tqIZAnO+go84jsuBjxSYYNrUFZX3q5rcNWtFftRifb+0c8ZKEuGzbBduqEuVVxFe0W22J9sVLRfVZfFGvXY+I57hFteHVx36m24w77+uqR1w++tAXl15xD5bZQx6GqGNXAcM2GxNo9T90Qb42xAxSMG/888Ugmb6861LP76GKXOyedQl6f83kxstF0Mek0y+tsrv+F2bgSDO6Zdhf31rSg7/In6+GsgX8DvXvgHHJbUx5lGfPveePXBHaAErG0PKuujNwT97a/CZC4b2QfpMMrNhdgaUtGC3cClE/+A/OLdsPseS7DvLoRp6wlcGqv9mLBB9HRd8B2LhYljVDHJhpp/+mjsDgZNE99AXZoJ+u142fQYygPH8RMcLn9szLonX/otns9fj912tYLbd6HQJMI7pNN7q0RHoseNTqQiY2GiuiyST1BXY8Pv71jn/vYwuCfLXIuuIa/vg/Ejt2MoSZ+tbjAdZWF725WvZz8HPejqFBVKvwNtnw/B2/y3yFmzEx5xXDyvrcIcdbNbI3rwh7Yiu7AKziF1UTjZheOvHRLRuxQljd0Y8l5HT+Oz0CsV7WAb3JHqmehsNB+0QdI/i8ae6/AOnEaVSQ+p7jdodt+Bs6j+j9Hc4IF53QoYx6xhosNQ/hIOOPvUxzOJXlSls+L9CqtLzSVIn9at0tdYl2KeqM/HD2C30lyUNKJHtKNDPY0o0YuaELXuXYO7+Teok4br95/hqPqBr9N7sPlClI75ZPTC0dwCyfwYco3jvJ/2Kmw74JgWHW0G95026EJ73fAQrDKsU4F6pzRSwPrbUaEM6RosePVVS+hQS8jwbYSfDR8SHrU+iG+I5ztYvdspHjixe/X8oGFI8TztdSNDT3F5qKg/AynwRMNDtpmwvPoL/++LNOyrvJYHVvsqIqRdWH3vQuTVfYq+8CGkaK85/PX6hs1scEpKT1oZdluPjI1vKU+Olo1LEB9pHwIdh3w8/ej9okDPgn7pg8hUV0ciu9/H0RbxM5kPYql+FpD4HTxelCvWXEBXT2i1lKUzqK/IU/fP/xqsNmfQsRpNvtyNjyQDli+eN3YFW2GCSX8S1f+j/Q6d6ceYmVSXhAmVNXFMWq3+1+q/xNOg1pdhYcPKo/ZHmPBxrYDtzL+MDGuPGqIOPoZK3f0XfNL7lbouEnUkSnR+ip7+PlJE5dDp/worM0VyRyN3o+Noh7izBCuX/gdRn+biu48XwCzahM4uT2iIjtmeRCFfRfdHHuiXL8aCMStrFkymu2GvPoyWO3Kmf5tEL3damy67ONRV6zWLfVH2J/Sm94ozB684c/CKMzevOHOLsM1Sr+gt+rf5vM27XR+6Xr+9zfu5989e0ZMMWe6//cBb5fiz+MHrXnEm6RVFPMr6MENnvbXmsH0x13q7hqL9HrEfJY1e0QsWrnjbtmeFrtfv8Iozat9TB4x6Lcqx+L/eP7ft8O2n/3VF2k5Z1+Q9XfujkGWBdb79+NLbFb4+0j6MMnycgt6XEENid8L2zzv8u8J+JtIx9N2C3s9R1OcaY18DZcn8ird2l/JeZHnFWZxYM3zchx9PPeX13lkR3tfA7Ufe2q4v/ZvNtLo0kbI21O1tLFk6ehtTtdcxoGwx5B1wVHtN4etFuTZVnfYOKM9xi8c1cPO9bmWjaMdQuUWre6OJM26vOOMOet4ww/sSdMxG6k/wz0QvVyPvxWj+5xqjvgXelye8VbU/9x1bfxmL1I7cWcq+R8Mz7jtGRv+ZE6i2S9Cv34fTnuviqF+Hp+3nMCnDtpsPwh7Syx4e+vkKrhdWYE7/hzhWfVKUeXX4NjDkK87Ijn0ozk7Dhne9Qxg4ewjrlTM2Zb36rAG6B1DS/DFEoyEeqMN7yjDk4PDvWY/q0x7fUOWQpwU7fEPFO/FLe+gEjcCQlqsS/3FOWHGZswqvnWuDqFhiQ2WovAfNJQ+McZYZ/JqXYVDtffuHHkeGSz21BaI3PhvpJYchKqPYRh1W9ezEqvB9CCHONtp34ZnC/ZBM5di5Nv32hpTCLwME9rETtQWLojz3BK9v++iR+/cvosrkwe6XxZnTNLl+NvVmYF2aQFmT3W04WPdJ4HlEquFsbQn09jdw7Eyv2KIXZ469AXvgeAwPRUviTPEEzvTfnPRxXV/bCRH4gSFttLyDDmVIe/gYBm3jHRD7un6p/0cnQJZa8fwzm1En/QBVOwtu8xLJyNl85PbEv1WoiV7fVtyF5NyfwFr1A0i7q/GrKb68dVuHakYadY3bo4aVeq1EFJwiyzrkKEOwyrCtaR2KzKLES250Xw4aYgkM7SYgMXEW+h2n0KDU26ICPJri/9mUgn2Ba8WJw8O70n4ULvwLxMXFI2lJsW9CltRwCo4IQ2+jiQYx8Hss2Jij9xUAnf4hFPuGij34qPvqyJCZ8lqGh7QSE3G3uvSWhbzmFOSsfVo0GOrQo2/Y79ew2ey3OLvbH9pPrf457PoS1P7PjcgaNzjHMedBrC1TrqcplwHixT7moaLuOGztY8xY9w299U3g+rYqcTl+XFogGt8qVB77FNEu5ceeSNe4h68bz8C6NG5ZuwZ3xztoEfekukIsjFeGgu/Fko114jg50SA6Fv2+uRXOoOMhfldKAWo94tj6Or19kzuuWIKHc41QIk2XNBfz/Av9gi5RWZ78K982SDQi9+ElvtXj8YX2Uxbssn9LBP+r2JQ1V11zq5JvoT25gcvd7old3/a5D9/9cYnowJxEeWUjzk1hZb3Nlo3oVumQmPVf8O5AF9oaG9FYWwTs/gkKCx9BRv7eSZ59hoV2+x6UPBBtWpz4vQuNvmvg0kfduBzya8KvS89F1ra3MdD1Lhob30LtdrGLG3+EwtUm5FvPRAxv//XzueNf3w4QofJEOfaVfAstz+/FEXEGSDPR5Mva105vxOIFSrjfWaGh/U/YX7LUH/yRJBqQoVwDH9WpELsXcl36FtoT9fr5+Ne3R+hSfoiX9j0LfcsvsffIWXXpN4/BfcckIzvPLM4jRO+3/ijO+CZEiECxH0WD0rs3/ScsM0SrBDrMyX4URUr5bHgDx88pg3UyBp17/BMt8urgnr8Yy8V6KMF09vOgs5Th3vRE3srg31OP2jP+CSmy9L9xqEGZAPIg1ixb8M0WisR0rCooQEHJa3h36CxqlZ5/YOhvIpTjtH+Coe2nW6Aey84P8YnyPg1+jLd9rz/SkJloENJNKCh4EiWvNWOoq9Y3McY/9BjeGExm6C2I7n6Y/74EJukEDr/JjxvN3Lo0VllLwILFRnFMxG6vP4SzA8HD6eonOOZ8B3lFWWKHmlB//FN/2A+egdU3UU353Pndt3FcwwQCdeR3yZITJ/91nDAT+1M90dBW6OZh8XKDuHMW//bJH8Ux7sPv37ahRbyKzAzD6J+dTHviGzVA5OeJSnS0zetRZvoT3jx8Qrw7U0S86dPadNnFyBMiwkSd+GH27mjrCZ34MWqCyq1OqAmaeDJKpMlO0X6PeJ4dLV6Pb5cmMUlq1OuJMGkj4muOMGln+BY02Wb4uXzLJzWpJ2j7wGSb4clPkSeyjJpkEvi58Fu0Y66+prHKiBC5LAUfj5kwOW2cCUwzrS5NpKxFm5wWeF23MzltnOM6qg6F1c2QW7T3dqyJicPHZ/h4jTxHoL4E30a958H1J+wWaE+CDe9/0ITISALtS/B2oa+dk9O0LjEH25rsaKvdDlF5/EzbcchxCK+sShmn9z0XWWW/huNQ6M/WtlWr13+U63Q7YW+pxnpRYvzM2H7oBN4sy5lEj1EZknsTXW212G4afiL1eV5ZA/03ViLmYdULb4YeK9GLNm0/DMebz6rXp8VZTc5TeGV4wkvGfNwbtn+Bj3ZNymykF+8NOtbK722E/QVT6OfO55jwgr0NtdtFsxEwxjGf8EdLIpkH05ZK/wQgmnl1aSJlTbcIBXsb0VK13nfm7eM7Jr9Gme91KcPFz+JNx+HQ/ak9goObsv3PcVvHNZiom6t+FnQM/XW3seoJ39qIAh/tmhxd+jNi/4Jek2kHGu0/CxsZmUh7Eky9vn1LlwPEazf9HfaVTHwi3p0Wp6S3en9aUj6PN813kShmsf4RTY2x6t5k+oREREQ0xRjcREREGsLgJiIi0hAGNxERkYYwuImIiDSEwU1ERKQhDG4iIiIN0cTnuImIiGaaaPHMP8BCRFGx/hFNDf4BFiIiohjB4CYiItIQBjcREZGGMLiJiIg0hMFNRESkIQxuIiIiDWFwExERaQiDm4iISEMY3ERERBrC4CYiItIQBjcREZGGMLiJiIg0hMFNRESkIRGDW3bVIS8uDnGGSrT3y+pSonHIl9BemQej1Ymb6iK/frha98BiEGVKKVdxmbBYbXBKN9T1RDQ5MgZdzbBaMtU6FQeDxQqbUxJrKNZFCO5rcHe8g5YVJpjQgmZHr7qcaAyyhDN7K/HMrhZ1wQjZdRyl5jqgvAOeIS+GPNVIObkZ+a93iEgnokmTXThWugHV2ITTnuvwDvXgSEorCvNrYOfJVswbHdxyNzqOfghz8SY8lelBwxvv4RLLAUWl9vw3PIX9Q1koMunV5cPUjmCaBVtKV0IvSpxO/xCKi3IhNZyCg40M0aTJ7vdxtCUDZVssyNHPEpUqBabidTBLPNmaCcKCW0a//TCeb3kAax78Ph5eJxrXut+g2X1NXU8UTsbAJy3ofLgG+7f9Nb737bvV5cMG0dN1AViZCkOCugizkbosB2mSG92XOVxONDmis9zjRicykGqYrS4TjXnqMqxJ8+Cj7qscLo9xYcHdC0dzCyRzAR7/rh7GvL9Bib4DRzu6WRAoigToC/4R9SVLkaguCfUl+i73qffDXUHvQOjVcCIaj4wv+nohqY9CSTjf+wXb6xgXGtz9H6O5wQPzuhUwKkOaKd/H00UGtBx9H26WBCIioikXFNwy+h2n0CDlYl3uYnVFMrLzzNC3vIMODpcTERFNuZHglv+AU280QcJb2Jjxl+pHDOJx7+pdvmXP177PGcB0C+7Dosz71fvh5iM5KXDhm4gmJAHzFxmRpj4KpUda8j3h10ApxgTeX9ndhoN1f4K59iyGvF54A7craNuexRnAdIsSkJQ8H2h14Gyg/NzElYtunNcbsXjBLHUZEU2ULilZBLcDp88GzR+5chGd5w1YvngegzvGqe+v+pEdfTEqnkwPe9PV4XJ+zIBuyWwYcx+DWWpC/fFPMSiWyNK7qKl5G/qiR5E9h00M0WTpjCuwzuxBQ/1JnBsUHWLljx/VHMRhvRl52cnqVhSr/K2m77PbHVEaUh3mmNbjFaWQNH+MfvwBNosRcUYrnJwQTBOgS38SNY35+GxjJpLi4hBvsOCDnNfQ9Fwu5qjbENEk6NKxtmYfij7bgSVJ8YiLX4jVHyzHoaZSmNgZjnlxXmU8fBpTrrVP810kilmsf0RTY6y6x64ZERGRhjC4iYiINITBTUREpCEMbiIiIg1hcBMREWkIg5uIiEhDGNxEREQawuAmIiLSEAY3ERGRhjC4iYiINITBTUREpCEMbiIiIg1hcBMREWkIg5uIiEhDNPG1nkRERDNNtHjm93ETUVSsf0RTg9/HTUREFCMY3ERERBrC4CYiItIQBjcREZGGMLiJiIg0hMFNRESkIQxuIiIiDWFwExERaQiDm4iISEMY3ERERBrC4CYiItIQBjcREZGGMLiJiIg0hMFNRESkISPBfdMJqzHO91ViITeDBVabE5KsbkcUQsagqxlWS2agzBgse9Dq6lfXK/rhat0Di2G4XGXCYrXBKd1Q1xNRdH1wWn+IOKMVzpvqooj1zgqbUxJrKNaNOuNOq3LgK6/X9z2gXu91eI6k4mRhMZ4/cZEFgkbrt+Nl0wacXPALdA0MwTvUgyMp78BsqoTtkj+YZddxlJrrgPIOeIa8GPJUI+XkZuS/3iEinYiiu4FLtueRX35SfaySXThWugHV2ITTnutqvWtFYX4N7P1sqWPdOEPls6A3rUOR+U+o+2cn/qguJfK7CenUMeyWHkfpc48jPVEUJ10KVv2sAtthw8HmC6Kzdw3ujnfQkmbBltKV0Cub6B9CcVEupIZTcLCRIYpKvvRbvLh5PyT18TDZ/T6OtmSgbIsFOfpZvnpnKl4Hs9SCZkevuhXFqnGCe4R+wVzco94n8kuAvuAAvN4DKNAnqMvCDaKn6wKwMhWGwCazkbosB2mSG92XOVxOFJF8ESde3IkLxW+hcZdJXaiQMdjjRicykGqYrS4TjXnqMqxJ8+Cj7qscHY1x4wT3DUj2o2i48Xc48lwu5qhLiaKT0e84hQbJgOWL54kC9iX6Lvep68JdQe9A4KIdEQX049yhl7D5wtOwVpqxKKRfLOOLvt5RZ+F+Es73fsHgjnGjgvt8eTbuUic7xMX9BQyrfw5712fo/vyaugXRGAYd+NXLh4CSSmwxzVMXEtHEiTNqZy1+uvGPKLNuQJZyCYooyKgSETo5bQgDXY3YnvE7bFz1Ktp5PZLGIl+EbetGVH97F9r3PoEUtjdEkyc6vwe27QeqXsSmrLnqQqIR4zStOiSmP4H/9kIx9NIH+PDf/5+6nCjM4DnYdvwEhReexJFXf4wHAmcJ92FR5v3q/XDzkZwU7do40cx0s+s9HLCfh738e0jyjXwmIbvcrgyHIvuuR2B1XsP8RUakqduH0iMt+Z7xGnbSuEm8v2xkKRLl86Q2VOSvwubLj+P0mzuwSpnlGpCApOT5QKsDZwMjNjdx5aIb5/VGLF4QvC0RJWRtgzsw6qncBuCoMinDoXB89S62ZSVCl5QsgtuB02eD5o9cuYjO88NzSyiWjfv+ylIbXvVds/wb5BlHZjASKeRLJ7DVVIjdKEfT/p/6P5oSYjaMuY/BLDWh/vinGBRLZOld1NS8DX3Ro8iewyaGaLJ0xhVYZ/agof4kzg2KDrF8Ce01B3FYb0ZedrK6FcWqUa1m6OS0OMQbrBgqOgJ74JrlH2CzGMP+ig/NTFdh/+VO1CnTW+1lyE6KD5Qb381i88181aU/iZrGfHy2MdM39BdvsOCDnNfQxE8qEN0aXTrW1uxD0Wc7sESpd/ELsfqD5TjUVAoTO8MxL86rjMVMY0oATPNdJIpZrH9EU2OsuseuGRERkYYwuImIiDSEwU1ERKQhDG4iIiINYXATERFpCIObiIhIQxjcREREGsLgJiIi0hAGNxERkYYwuImIiDSEwU1ERKQhDG4iIiINYXATERFpCIObiIhIQzTxtZ5EREQzTbR45vdxE1FUrH9EU4Pfx01ERBQjGNxEREQawuAmIiLSEAY3ERGRhjC4iYiINITBTUREpCEMbiIiIg1hcBMREWkIg5uIiEhDGNxEREQawuAmIiLSEAY3ERGRhjC4iYiINITBTUREpCGjg3vQhfbjVlgMcb6vFVNuBosVNqcEWd2EKCL5Etor82C0OnFTXeTXD1frnqAylQmL1QandENdT0TR9cFp/SHijFY4AxVLFk11M6yWTLbTM1BocA+egTXfhGea4vGM/XPfd4F6B7pQn9mJzdl/i2pnn7ohURhZwpm9lXhmV4u6YITsOo5Scx1Q3gHPkBdDnmqknNyM/Nc7RKQTUXQ3cMn2PPLLT6qPVbILx0o3oBqbcNpzHd6hHhxJaUVhfg3s/YzuWBcU3KJXd+AllIt/Tfu3Yk36HP/ixHSsKXsJ+0ouorzSBhfLBIVQe/4bnsL+oSwUmfTq8mHX4O54By1pFmwpXQm9KHE6/UMoLsqF1HAKDjYyRFHJl36LFzfvh6Q+Hia738fRlgyUbbEgRz9LVKoUmIrXwSy1oNnRq25FsWokuPs/xLHqD2Eu+s/4bmLYCLrufpgrjqCrsRjpYatoppMx8EkLOh+uwf5tf43vfftudfmwQfR0XQBWpsKQoC7CbKQuy0Ga5Eb3ZQ6XE0UkX8SJF3fiQvFbaNxlUhcqRGe5x41OZCDVMFtdJprp1GVYk+bBR91XOVwe4wIxfPPfP0SjlIE1yxaGjZ8rdOLEexnSwwOdCAnQF/wj6kuWIlFdEupL9F2OdonlCnoHQq+GE5GiH+cOvYTNF56GtdKMRYFOr0LGF329o87C/SSc7/2CwR3jmMRERNOKOKN21uKnG/+IMusGZPGEicIESoQuKRlp6n0iIpoigw4c2LYfqHoRm7LmqguJRowE94LFWK7vQuv/6Yk4zHLTuR+b+BEemrT7sCjzfvV+uPlITgoZAySa8W52vYcD9vOwl38PSb6PeiUhu9wOnC9H9l2PwOq8hvmLjFFOtPRIS76HQ6kxbuT9nfMg1pY9iJaG3+H3g+HRfRXvHftfOFjtwOf3sKGlyUhAUvJ8oNWBs4EZ5Ddx5aIb5/VGLF4wS11GRIqErG1wKx/FDdwG4KgyAWlVcHz1LrZlJaojpA6cPhs0f+TKRXSeN2D54nkM7hgX9P7ORdamF1El/uU/uxetLvUTtoMutFr/K57Z/S3sOPIsTHNYJGgyZsOY+xjMUhPqj3+KQbFElt5FTc3b0Bc9imyWJ6JJ0xlXYJ3Zg4b6kzinnGgpf/yo5iAO683Iy05Wt6JYFdpqJuZgW5MdRx6+jJ0Z98L3F3mSMmDpzMQ+xyG8sirF/wOSDRaxbvRfyCIaTZf+JGoa8/HZxkzf0F+8wYIPcl5D03O5UP9aABFNhi4da2v2oeizHViSFI+4+IVY/cFyHGoq5cnVDBDnVcZipjGl8zDNd5EoZrH+EU2Nseoeu2ZEREQawuAmIiLSEAY3ERGRhjC4iYiINITBTUREpCEMbiIiIg1hcBMREWkIg5uIiEhDGNxEREQawuAmIiLSEAY3ERGRhjC4iYiINITBTUREpCEMbiIiIg3RxNd6EhERzTTR4pnfx01EUbH+EU0Nfh83ERFRjGBwExERaQiDm4iISEMY3ERERBrC4CYiItIQBjcREZGGMLiJiIg0hMFNRESkIQxuIiIiDWFwExERaQiDm4iISEMY3ERERBrC4CYiItKQkeC+6YTVGOf7RpLQWx4q6trhGpTVDYmCyRh0NcNqyQyUGYNlD1pd/ep6RT9crXtgMQyXqUxYrDY4pRvqeiKanEj1zgqbUxJrKNaNOuNOq3LgK6/X93ViXu8QBrrKMP9ftyIjfy+cDG8K12/Hy6YNOLngF+gaGIJ3qAdHUt6B2VQJ2yV/MMuu4yg11wHlHfAMeTHkqUbKyc3If71DRDoRTZrswrHSDajGJpz2XFfrXSsK82tg72c7HevGGSrXITE9D2U7f4GSripUHnOxN0dBbkI6dQy7pcdR+tzjSE8UxUmXglU/q8B22HCw+YIoL9fg7ngHLWkWbCldCb2yif4hFBflQmo4BQcbGaJJk93v42hLBsq2WJCjn+Wrd6bidTBLLWh29KpbUawaJ7j9dCnfx9NFBrQcfR9utrMUkAB9wQF4vQdQoE9Ql4UbRE/XBWBlKgyBTWYjdVkO0iQ3ui9zuJxocmQM9rjRiQykGmary0Q7nboMa9I8+Kj7Kk+wYtyEghtIxMKMVKDTjR4Ol9OYZPQ7TqFBMmD54nmigH2Jvst96rpwV9A7cFO9T0QTI+OLvl5I6qNQEs73fsHgjnETDO4EJM1NFmWiF31fsEjQGAYd+NXLh4CSSmwxzVMXEhHRnTLB4L6JAdHDgz4Zc++Z4I/QzCNfhG3rRlR/exfa9z6BFBYVIqI7boJNq3qdMtOIhcoEJKJwg+dg2/ETFF54Ekde/TEeCJST+7Ao8371frj5SE6Kdm2ciCJLwPxFRqSpj0LpkZZ8z0QbdtKoCb2/8qX38EaDB+Z1K2BkiaAQyudJbajIX4XNlx/H6Td3YJUyyzUgAUnJ84FWB84GZpDfxJWLbpzXG7F4QfC2RDQRuqRkEdwOnD4bNH/kykV0nh+eW0KxbJz31/8h/+rK/47frdmFvWvTWSAohHzpBLaaCrEb5Wja/1P/R1NCzIYx9zGYpSbUH/8Ug2KJLL2Lmpq3oS96FNlzWKKIJktnXIF1Zg8a6k/inDJhWL6E9pqDOKw3Iy87Wd2KYtWoVvN8eTbuUv8ST1xcPJIyqnHl4b2w7y8aGf6UbLCI9UarU5w70cx1FfZf7kSdMr3VXobspHi13Kg3i80381WX/iRqGvPx2cZMJInl8QYLPsh5DU3P5WKO73mIaFJ06Vhbsw9Fn+3AEqXexS/E6g+W41BTKUzsDMe8OK/yJ9KmMSUApvkuEsUs1j+iqTFW3WPXjIiISEMY3ERERBrC4CYiItIQBjcREZGGMLiJiIg0hMFNRESkIQxuIiIiDWFwExERaQiDm4iISEMY3ERERBrC4CYiItIQBjcREZGGMLiJiIg0hMFNRESkIZr4Wk8iIqKZJlo8T/vgJiIiohEcKiciItIQBjcREZFmAP8fjt0/+GZbGfwAAAAASUVORK5CYII="></span></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A book is at rest on a table. One of the forces acting on the book is its weight.</p>
<p>What is the other force that completes the force pair according to Newton’s third law of motion?</p>
<p>A. The pull of the book on Earth</p>
<p>B. The pull of Earth on the book</p>
<p>C. The push of the table on the book</p>
<p>D. The push of the book on the table</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>The majority of candidates incorrectly selected option C for this question, resulting in a low difficulty index overall. This question highlights a typical misconception relating to Newton's 3rd law, and emphasises the importance of conceptual physics teaching.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A ball of mass <em>m </em>collides with a vertical wall with an initial horizontal speed <em>u </em>and rebounds with a horizontal speed <em>v</em>. The graph shows the variation of the speed of the ball with time.</p>
<p> <img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-13_om_18.26.37.png" alt="M18/4/PHYSI/HPM/ENG/TZ2/07"></p>
<p>What is the magnitude of the mean net force on the ball during the collision?</p>
<p>A. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{m(u - v)}}{{({t_2} + {t_1})}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>u</mi>
<mo>−</mo>
<mi>v</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>B. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{m(u - v)}}{{({t_2} - {t_1})}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>u</mi>
<mo>−</mo>
<mi>v</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>C. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{m(u + v)}}{{({t_2} + {t_1})}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>u</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>v</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>D. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{m(u + v)}}{{({t_2} - {t_1})}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>u</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>v</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A waiter carrying a tray is accelerating to the right as shown in the image.</p>
<p>What is the free-body diagram of the forces acting on the tray?</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>Response D was the most common response, with the free-body diagram in response A providing a significant distractor for roughly a third of candidates. Most candidates recognized that the only upward vector would be one perpendicular to the tray.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A toy car of mass 0.15 kg accelerates from a speed of 10 cm s<sup>–1</sup> to a speed of 15 cm s<sup>–1</sup>. What is the impulse acting on the car?</p>
<p>A. 7.5 mN s</p>
<p>B. 37.5 mN s</p>
<p>C. 0.75 N s</p>
<p>D. 3.75 N s</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Masses X and Y rest on a smooth horizontal surface and are connected by a massless spring. The mass of X is 3.0 kg and the mass of Y is 6.0 kg. The masses are pushed toward each other until the elastic potential energy stored in the spring is 1.0 J.</p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The masses are released. What is the maximum speed reached by mass Y?</p>
<p>A. 0.11 m s<sup>−1</sup></p>
<p>B. 0.33 m s<sup>−1</sup></p>
<p>C. 0.45 m s<sup>−1</sup></p>
<p>D. 0.66 m s<sup>−1</sup></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A projectile is launched at an angle above the horizontal with a horizontal component of velocity <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>V</mi><mtext>h</mtext></msub></math> and a vertical component of velocity <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>V</mi><mtext>v</mtext></msub></math>. Air resistance is negligible. Which graphs show the variation with time of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>V</mi><mtext>h</mtext></msub></math> and of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>V</mi><mtext>v</mtext></msub></math>?</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A car is driven from rest along a straight horizontal road. The car engine exerts a constant driving force. Friction and air resistance are negligible. How does the power developed by the engine change with the distance travelled?</p>
<p>A. Power does not change.</p>
<p>B. Power decreases linearly.</p>
<p>C. Power increases linearly.</p>
<p>D. Power increases non-linearly.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>Lowish discrimination with C the most popular choice. It was felt that candidates normally analyse in terms of the time taken whereas this question refers to the distance travelled so with a constant driving force the velocity increases linearly with time but non linearly with distance.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A cyclist rides up a hill of vertical height 100 m in 500 s at a constant speed. The combined mass of the cyclist and the bicycle is 80 kg. The power developed by the cyclist is 200 W. What is the efficiency of the energy transfer in this system?</p>
<p> </p>
<p>A. 8 %</p>
<p>B. 20 %</p>
<p>C. 60 %</p>
<p>D. 80 %</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br>