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<h2>HL Paper 1</h2><div class="question">
<p>What is the correct explanation for the colour of [Cu(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>2+</sup>?</p>
<p>A. Light is absorbed when an electron moves to a d orbital of higher energy.</p>
<p>B. Light is released when an electron moves to a d orbital of higher energy.</p>
<p>C. Light is absorbed when electrons move from the ligands to the central metal ion.</p>
<p>D. Light is absorbed when electrons move between d and s orbitals.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>What is the charge on the iron(III) complex ion in [Fe(OH)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>]Br?</p>
<p>A. 0</p>
<p>B. 1+</p>
<p>C. 2+</p>
<p>D. 3+</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>The oxidation state of cobalt in the complex ion [Co(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>5</sub>Br]<em><sup>x</sup></em> is +3. Which of the following statements are correct?</p>
<p>I. The overall charge, <em>x</em>, of the complex ion is 2+.<br>II. The complex ion is octahedral.<br>III. The cobalt(III) ion has a half-filled d-subshell.</p>
<p>A. I and II only</p>
<p>B. I and III only</p>
<p>C. II and III only</p>
<p>D. I, II and III</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>[CoCl<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3–</sup> is orange while [Co(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3+</sup> is yellow. Which statement is correct?</p>
<p>A. [CoCl<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3–</sup> absorbs orange light.</p>
<p>B. The oxidation state of cobalt is different in each complex.</p>
<p>C. The different colours are due to the different charges on the complex.</p>
<p>D. The different ligands cause different splitting in the 3d orbitals.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Which of these statements are correct?<br></span></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><span class="fontstyle0">I. Zinc is <span class="fontstyle2"><strong>not</strong> </span>a transition element.<br>II. Ligands are Lewis bases.<br>III. Manganese(II) chloride is paramagnetic.</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">A. I and II only<br></span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">B. I and III only<br></span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">C. II and III only<br></span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">D. I, II and III</span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>This was one of only two questions where less than 50% of candidates got the correct answer. Many either didn't understand manganese chloride as paramagnetic or classified zinc as a transition element.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Which of these ions are likely to be paramagnetic?</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">I. Ti<sup>3+</sup><br>II. Cr<sup>3+</sup><br>III. Fe<sup>3+</sup></p>
<p><br>A. I and II only</p>
<p>B. I and III only</p>
<p>C. II and III only</p>
<p>D. I, II and III</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>Half of the candidates selected the correct combination of paramagnetic ions. The most commonly chosen distractor excluded Ti<sup>3+</sup>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>What is the overall charge, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>, of the chromium (III) complex?</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>[</mo><mi>Cr</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><msub><mo>)</mo><mn>4</mn></msub><msub><mi>Cl</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msup><mo>]</mo><mi>x</mi></msup></math></p>
<p>A. 0</p>
<p>B. 1+</p>
<p>C. 2−</p>
<p>D. 3+</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">What is the oxidation state of the metal ion and charge of the complex ion in [Co(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>]Cl?</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="412" height="239"></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>This was one of the most challenging questions on the paper and it discriminated well between high scoring and low scoring candidates. 57 % of the candidates were able to use the formula of the compound to deduce the oxidation state of the metal ion and the charge of the complex ion. The most commonly chosen distractor was B where the charge of the complex ion was correct but the charge of the metal ion was not. Some teachers commented that the question was challenging but reasonable.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Which electrons are removed from iron (Z = 26) to form iron(II)?</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A. two 3d electrons</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B. two 4s electrons</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C. one 4s electron and one 3d electron</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">D. two 4p electrons</span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>Stating the 4s electrons are lost first in forming the Fe(II) ion was done correctly by 58 % but with a low discrimination index.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Which factor does <strong>not</strong> affect the colour of a complex ion?</p>
<p>A. temperature of the solution</p>
<p>B. identity of the ligand</p>
<p>C. identity of the metal</p>
<p>D. oxidation number of the metal</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">What is the effect of a stronger ligand?</span></p>
<p><img 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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Which is correct for the complex ion in [Fe(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>Cl]SO<sub>4</sub>?</p>
<p> </p>
<p><img 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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Why is hydrated copper (II) sulfate blue?</p>
<p>A. Blue light is emitted when electrons return to lower d-orbitals.</p>
<p>B. Light complimentary to blue is absorbed when electrons return to lower d-orbitals.</p>
<p>C. Blue light is emitted when electrons are promoted between d-orbitals.</p>
<p>D. Light complimentary to blue is absorbed when electrons are promoted between d-orbitals.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>Higher scoring candidates managed to identify why hydrated copper(II) sulfate is blue in colour.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>[Cr(OH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3+</sup> is violet and [Cr(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3+</sup> is yellow. What is correct?</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">The Colour Wheel</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>61% of the candidates were able to determine the relative d-level splitting and the wavelength of light absorbed by complex ions with different ligands, given the colours of the complex ions and a colour wheel labelled with the wavelengths of light.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Which complex has the greatest d orbital splitting?</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_09.28.41.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HPM/ENG/TZ1/08"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Which complex ion contains a central ion with an oxidation state of +3?</p>
<p><br>A. [PtCl<sub>6</sub>]<sup>2−</sup></p>
<p>B. [Cu(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>]</p>
<p>C. [Ni(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2+</sup></p>
<p>D. [Co(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+</sup></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Ammonia is a stronger ligand than water. Which is correct when concentrated aqueous ammonia solution is added to dilute aqueous copper(II) sulfate solution?</p>
<p>A. The d-orbitals in the copper ion split.</p>
<p>B. There is a smaller splitting of the d-orbitals.</p>
<p>C. Ammonia replaces water as a ligand.</p>
<p>D. The colour of the solution fades.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">How is colour produced in transition metal complexes?</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A. Light is absorbed when electrons are promoted between split d-orbitals.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B. Light is emitted when electrons fall between split d-orbitals.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C. Light is absorbed when electrons escape from the complex.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">D. Light is emitted when the complex returns to ground state.</span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>69 % of the candidates understood how colour is produced in transition metal complexes. The most commonly chosen distractor was B, which also recognized the involvement of the split d-orbitals, however stated that colour is produced when light is emitted when electrons fall between split d-orbitals.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Part of the spectrochemical series is shown for transition metal complexes.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">I<sup>−</sup>< Cl<sup>−</sup> < H<sub>2</sub>O < NH<sub>3</sub></p>
<p>Which statement can be correctly deduced from the series?</p>
<p>A. H<sub>2</sub>O increases the p–d separation more than Cl<sup>−</sup>.</p>
<p>B. H<sub>2</sub>O increases the d–d separation more than Cl<sup>−</sup>.</p>
<p>C. A complex with Cl<sup>−</sup> is more likely to be blue than that with NH<sub>3</sub>.</p>
<p>D. Complexes with water are always blue.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br>