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<div id="main-column" class="span9"> <article id="related-conditional-phrases" style="margin-top: 16px;">
<h1 class="section-title">Related Conditional phrases</h1>
<ul class="breadcrumb"><li><a title="Home" href="../../../index.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Language System</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Key Language Issues</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Conditionals, explored</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="active">Related Conditional phrases</span></li></ul>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/IF%201.jpg" style="width: 100px; height: 99px;"><img alt="" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/IF%203.JPG" style="width: 100px; height: 90px;"><img alt="" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/IF%204.JPG" style="width: 100px; height: 84px;"><img alt="" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/IF%202.JPG" style="width: 100px; height: 102px;"></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p>There are a number of commonly-used phrases which are in fact 'hidden' or 'embedded' if-structures. There is not much point in learning these through the full application of the Conditional rules: it is best simply to learn them as 'chunks' and use them automatically without thinking too much about the grammar involved.</p>
<p>Each of these chunks is introduced below, with a few examples to illustrate the idea. You may wish to present these, using the full-screen mode.</p>
<div class="pinkBg">
<h3>qBank exercises</h3>
<p><em><strong>Conditional phrases</strong></em> provides a set of Basic and Middling question items, covering the range of phrases below </p>
</div>
<p>.</p>
<p>.</p>
<h2>Negative if : reasons why not</h2>
<p>.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">unless</span> = ... 'if not' ... / ...'except if'...</h3>
<p style="text-align: center;"><u><strong>examples</strong></u></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Note that the 'unless' usage is shown in <span style="color:#FF0000;">red</span>; with the formal formal 'if' usage is shown in <span style="color:#0000FF;">blue</span></em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">We're going to have a picnic unless it rains.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000FF;">We're going to have a picnic, if it doesn't rain.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">He's going to fail the IB unless he starts working properly.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000FF;">He's going to fail the IB if he doesn't start working properly.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">You can't access your bank account unless you have the proper codes.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000FF;">You can't access your bank account if you don't have the proper codes.</span></p>
<p>.</p>
<p>.</p>
<h2>Taking precautions : </h2>
<p>.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">in case</span> = 'being prepared if...'</h3>
<p style="text-align: center;">Note that<strong> 'in case' </strong>is not the same as <strong>'if'</strong> -</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>'in case' </strong>is about how you <u>prepare</u> for a future possibility; <strong>'if'</strong> is what you would <strong>do</strong> if that happened</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><u><strong>examples</strong></u></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Note that 'in case' (being prepared) is shown in <span style="color:#FF0000;">red</span>; while 'if' (what you would do) is shown in <span style="color:#0000FF;">blue</span></em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">I'm going to take an umbrella in case it rains.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000FF;">I'll open the umbrella if it rains.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">There are smoke detectors in every room in case there is a fire.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">T<span style="color:#0000FF;">he smoke detectors set off alarm bells if there is a fire.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">. </p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">Give me your phone number in case I need to get in touch with you.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000FF;">I have your phone number if I need to get in touch.</span></p>
<p>.</p>
<p>.</p>
<h2>Preferring</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">'d rather...</span> = 'what I would prefer to do"</h3>
<p style="text-align: center;">The phrase <strong>" (X) would rather..."</strong> is a shorter way of saying e.g. "If I had the choice, I would prefer to ..."</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><u><strong>examples</strong></u></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Note that the shorter structure 'rather' is shown in <span style="color:#FF0000;">red</span>; while the longer, fuller structure using 'if' is shown in <span style="color:#0000FF;">blue</span></em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">I'd rather have a quiet evening at home today.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000CD;">If I had the choice, I would prefer to spend a quiet evening at home today.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">She'd rather go shopping than spend time on the beach.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000CD;">If she could choose, she would prefer to go shopping instead of spending time on the beach.</span></p>
<p>.</p>
<p>.</p>
<h2>Recommending</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">'be better if</span><span style="color:#FF0000;">...' </span>= "here's a better idea"</h3>
<p style="text-align: center;">A development of the normal 2nd Conditional - "It would be a better plan if we left in the morning not the afternoon".</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">Shortened to: <strong>it'd be better</strong> ... + "if (we did that...)" OR + "to (do that...)"</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">- but notice the very similar-sounding form of ...</p>
<p>.</p>
<p>.</p>
<h2>Strongly advising</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">'had better...' </span>= "you really should"</h3>
<p style="text-align: center;">Usually shortened to: <strong> 'd better</strong> ... e.g. "We'd better leave early..." or "You'd better get ready, because..."</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><u><strong>examples</strong></u></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Note that the 'recommending' versions are shown in<span style="color:#0000CD;"> blue</span>; while the 'strongly advising' version is shown in <span style="color:#FF0000;">red</span></em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000CD;">It'd be better to book the tickets on the internet.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">You'd better book the tickets on the internet right away.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000CD;">It'd be better if she started saving some money now if she wants to go on holiday next month.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">She'd better start saving some money right now, then!</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">.</p>
<h2>Wishing and regretting</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">I wish / if only</span> = "it would be great if..."</h3>
<p style="text-align: center;">Use these two phrases to introduce sentences with the 2nd or 3rd Conditionals.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">They make statements about things that are wanted (positive) or things that are regretted (negative)</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><u><strong>examples</strong></u></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Note that positive wishes are shown in <span style="color:#FF0000;">red</span>; while negative regrets are shown in <span style="color:#0000FF;">blue</span></em></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">I wish I could meet someone like Julie - I need a girlfriend like that !</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000CD;">If only I had met you years ago, before I got married !</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">I wish I had a bit more money - I would really like to spend a year traveling in South America. </span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000CD;">If only I had worked properly from the beginning of the course - then I wouldn't have failed those exams.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">I wish I could get in touch with Barbara - do you have her number ?</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color:#0000CD;">Hey, a message from Barbara - she wishes she could be at your party tonight, but she's in Paris.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"></p>
<p>.</p>
<p>.</p>
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