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<div id="main-column" class="span9"> <article id="interview" style="margin-top: 16px;">
<h1 class="section-title">Interview</h1>
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<div class="dottedBox"><h3><span style="color:#800080;">NOTE</span></h3><p>There are two common varieties of 'interview': the 'transcribed' and the 'embedded'. The <em><strong>Transcribed Interview </strong></em>reads like a script, being an accurate transcription of the words used, without commentary or description. The<em><strong> Embedded Interview</strong></em> is essentially an article, based on description and commentary, with liberal quotation (which may be either direct quotation or reported speech).</p><p>What is expected as an 'interview' depends on journalistic conventions in the culture of each different language. For instance, the Transcribed is the commonest in Hispanic journalism, while the Embedded is usual in Anglophone journalism.</p><p><span style="color:#800080;"><em><strong>For English B, in practice</strong></em> </span>... under the 'old' Subject Guide, up to Nov19, it appeared that the Embedded type was the 'default' for the paper setters. This was usually indicated by a wording like this: <em>"Write an article based on this interview to be published in the newsletter of your local sports club. Do not simply write the exact words (transcript) of the interview."</em> (HL2 paper, Nov14).</p><div class="pinkBg"><h4><span style="color:#FF0000;">Update</span></h4><p>How tasks involving the 'interview' will be worded in the 'new' assessment system from May20 onwards is not clear, since no such task has yet been set.</p><p class="text">However, the required conventions of both types, transcribed and embedded, are on the official list as recognised types - so in theory either could be set.</p><p class="text">In practice, it seems unlikely that paper-setters would specify 'Embedded interview' or 'Transcribed interview' in the three options - the most likely approach is that the option provided in the question will simply be 'Interview', and examiners will be instructed to accept either type.</p><p class="text">I would emphasise that this is merely an assumption. So, in order to be absolutely safe, it would be wise to teach both types. Apart from anything else, teaching the Transcribed Interview is a very good way to get the students to study how the language is really used in speech.</p></div></div><p style="text-align: center;">*******************************</p><div class="greenBg"><h3>KEY FEATURES: Embedded Interview</h3><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>context, audience, purpose</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* the context of any interview task will usually involve who is to be interviewed, and why... and the combination of these will usually indicate the angle that the interview should take. To illustrate: "a famous musician visiting your town... interview because former student of your school... so, how did school influence his/her career?"</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* the task will normally indicate where the interview is to be published, and this will define (to some extent) the audience e.g. "in your school magazine" will suggest a different audience to "a well-known online music magazine".</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* as with 'Article' (qv), the prime purpose of an interview is to <u>inform</u> or <u>report</u> - but good interviews manage also to <u>explore</u> or even <u>probe</u>: we want to discover something intriguing and personal about the person interviewed, don't we?</p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>register and tone</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will adopt a semi-formal to formal register</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* the tone should express interest in the person interviewed, and probably respect, even fascination - after all, why interview someone who is not worth the effort?</p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>conventions</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will have a relevant headline/title</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will use a style aimed at involving and interesting the reader</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will refer to the interview, including direct quotations</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;">* will have an introduction and a conclusion</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><span style="color:#4B0082;"><em><strong>NOTE:</strong> For English B, interview tasks will usually <u>not</u> be a 'transcribed interview' or verbatim transcript - but this has not been ruled out by IB. Transcribed interviews are much more normal in many other languages.</em></span></p><div class="yellowBg"><h4><span style="color:#FF0000;">Appropriate?</span></h4><p><span style="color:#FF0000;">An <strong>interview</strong> will be appropriate if the task requires you to present a detailed and interesting report of talking with a particular person, including his/ her opinions, personality and career - which information should be explained in a clear, fair and reasonably objective way (<span style="color:#FF0000;">although the text may convey a personal impression of the person, which may be good or bad, pro or con<span style="color:#FF0000;">)</span></span>. The audience will be the general public.</span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;"><em>Not to be confused with...</em></span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;">... <em><strong>'article' </strong></em>or<em><strong> 'news report'</strong></em> or <em><strong>'blog'</strong></em> ... </span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;">An '<em>article'</em> is intended to present detailed and interesting information about a <u>defined subject</u>; and the information should be explained in a clear, fair and reasonably objective way (<span style="color:#FF0000;">the journalist has a '<span style="color:#FF0000;">duty to inform')</span></span>. A </span><span style="color:#FF0000;"><em>'news report'</em> is also intended to inform in a clear and objective way, but it has to be focused on a specific <u>event</u>, or set of events - it is not usually concerned with giving a detailed picture of any person who might be involved in the event. <span style="color:#FF0000;">A <em>'blog' </em>is intended to present a set of your personal ideas and experiences in a lively entertaining way - these experiences may include meeting a particular person, but a blog will concentrate on <u>your own reactions</u>, rather than trying to give a fair report of what the person says. </span></span></p></div></div><hr class="hidden"><h4><span style="color:#000080;">Format and Approach discussed</span></h4><p>Each of the two recognised formats, Embedded and Transcribed, is discussed separately.</p><hr class="hidden"><h3><span style="color:#0000CD;"><u><strong>Embedded</strong></u></span></h3><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><em><strong>Basic Format</strong></em></u></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;">As with the Article text type …</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>- Headline / title</em></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>- Sub-headline, summarising</em></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>- Byline (author, date, location)</em></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>- Short paragraphs (possibly)</em></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>- Sub-headings (possibly)</em></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>- Interview details + context of interview + background of interviewee</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><em><strong>Approach</strong></em></u></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><em>> opening & closing?</em> Is the opening, in particular, attractive / attention-catching ?</span></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><em>> address? </em> Is there a sense of effective address to the public ?</span></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>> point of the interview</em>: Does the script lead to some sort of overall conclusion (which is likely to have been specified in the question) ?</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>> register:</em> Are the changes between written prose and colloquial language handled effectively?</p><div><div class="blueBg"><div><h3>Materials & models</h3><p>> <a href="../12138/bilingual-brains.html" title="Language System » Language & Thought » Language & TOK » Bilingual brains">Bilingual brains</a> ... the various exercises on this page include a model Embedded Interview, and a cloze exercise illustrating how to embed quotations effectively</p><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>> <a href="../14950/interviewing-an-ai.html">Interviewing an AI</a></strong></span> ... imagined interview with an Artificial Intelligence ... provides both the straight<strong> <a href="/media/ib/englishb/files/AI%20interview%20-%20transcript.pdf">transcript</a></strong> ... and then how the words from the transcript may be used to support two <a href="/media/ib/englishb/files/AI%20interview%20-%20embedded%20X%202.pdf"><strong>embedded interviews</strong></a>, one for and one against</p><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>> <a href="../../reported/embedded-interview%2C-marked.htm">Embedded interview, marked</a></strong></span> ... reasonably successful student script ... not an ideal model, but at least <em>attempts</em> the right kind of approach - so, good to analyse and discuss with the students</p></div></div></div><div class="yellowBg"><h3>Suggested 'new style' exam tasks</h3><p><span style="color:#006400;"><em>The following are possible adaptations of some of the 'old style' tasks listed below. Each provides three optional text types, arranged in the order of (i) appropriate; (ii) generally appropriate; (iii) inappropriate - if you use them, clearly, you should randomise the choices.</em></span></p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><em>Two versions are presented: one for HL, with three required elements, and one for SL, with two required elements.</em></span></p><hr class="hidden"><p>(HL) A prominent business leader recently claimed that, due to the growing demand for skill-based jobs, the school curriculum should focus on developing practical skills rather than academic knowledge. You decide to investigate this person's ideas in depth, so that the general public can consider them. Write a text in which you describe how the person sees the issue, explain the arguments he/she puts forward, and give your own balanced personal opinion.</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) Interview .... (ii) News report .... (iii) Speech</p><p>(SL) A prominent business leader recently claimed that, due to the growing demand for skill-based jobs, the school curriculum should focus on developing practical skills rather than academic knowledge. You decide to investigate this person's ideas in depth, so that the general public can consider them. Write a text in which you describe how the person sees the issue, and explain the arguments he/she puts forward. </p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) Interview .... (ii) News report .... (iii) Speech</p><p>*******</p><p>(HL) A famous English-speaking author recently visited your town. The author’s books are very popular with young people, and so you think it is important to find out more about this person so that the general public are better informed. Write a text in which you report what the author is like, and what they have to say about what motivates them to write, and about why their work appeals to a teenage audience.</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) Interview .... (ii) Review .... (iii) Diary</p><p>(SL) A famous English-speaking author recently visited your town. The author’s books are very popular with young people, and so you think it is important to find out more about this person so that the general public are better informed. Write a text in which you report what the author is like, and what they have to say about why their work appeals to a teenage audience.</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) Interview .... (ii) Review .... (iii) Diary</p></div><div class="pinkBg"><h3>Recent exam tasks ('old' style)</h3><p>You have recently interviewed the inventor of a domestic robot that will have a great impact on our lives. Write an article based on this interview to be published in a youth magazine. Do not simply write the exact words (transcript) of the interview. (HL M13)</p><p>You recently interviewed a disabled athlete who won a medal at an international sporting event, and you asked about his/her achievements and opinions on sport for the disabled. Write an article based on this interview to be published in the newsletter of your local sports club. Do not simply write the exact words (transcript) of the interview. (HL N14)</p><p>Recently you interviewed a healthcare specialist and asked about the relationship between maintaining a healthy lifestyle and teenagers’ self-esteem. Write an article based on the interview to be published in your school magazine. Do not simply write the exact words (transcript) of the interview. (SL N15)</p><p>As the editor of your school magazine, you recently interviewed a Community Health Officer about the ways in which schools and families can contribute to making students better informed about health education. Write an article based on this interview. Do not simply write the exact words (transcript) of the interview. (SL N16)</p><p>A famous English-speaking author recently visited your town. The author’s books are very popular with young people. As a junior reporter for the local newspaper, you interviewed the author about what motivates them to write and why their work appeals to a teenage audience. Write an article for the local newspaper based on this interview. Do not simply write the text (transcript) of the interview. (HL N17)</p><p>As your school’s newspaper editor, you interviewed the creator of a new social network and asked him / her about the difference between the newly-created social network and the ones that we currently use. Write an article based on this interview to be published in your school newspaper. Do not simply write the exact words (transcript) of the interview. (HL M18)</p><p>You are currently attending a school in an English-speaking country, and a newly arrived refugee has just joined your class. You interviewed this student about their first impressions of their new home, and their hopes for the future. Write an article based on this interview to be published in your school magazine. Do not simply write the words (transcript) of the interview. (HL N18)</p><p>You interviewed an innovator who developed an application (or “app”) that can help teenagers make better use of their time. Write an article based on this interview to be published in your school magazine, describing the application and explaining how it will be of benefit to teenagers. Do not simply write the exact words (or transcript) of the interview. (HL M19)</p><p>Due to the growing demand for skill-based jobs, many business leaders have stated that the school curriculum should focus on developing practical skills rather than academic knowledge. You interviewed one such business leader about this topic and the reasons for his/her views. Write an article based on this interview to be published in your school newspaper. Do not simply write the exact words (transcript) of the interview. (HL N19)</p></div><hr class="hidden"><h3><span style="color:#0000CD;"><u><strong>Transcribed</strong></u></span></h3><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><em><strong>Basic Format</strong></em></u></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span><em>- Question & Response</em> - The basic structure will be defined by the 'alternating speeches' of the characters.</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><span><em>- Realistic oral speech</em> - complex interactions, such as interruptions, completions of questions, etc </span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><em><strong>Approach</strong></em></u></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>> relevance + developmen</em>t How skilfully does the student handle ideas, relevant to the task set ? This will be seen in (a) the questions asked, and (b) the way that the dialogue develops and explains ideas.</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>> overall organisation</em> Is a clear pattern of argument detectable, despite the 'division of labour' between the characters?</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><em>> rhetoric:</em> How lively / entertaining is the sense of dialogue? This may be suggested by humour, and elements of personal response such as surprise.</span></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><em>> register:</em> Does the dialogue reflect a sense of whatever degree of formality may be implied by the task?</span></p><h4>Relevant writing purposes</h4><p>The section <a href="../1236/spoken-interaction.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Spoken Interaction">Spoken Interaction</a> is by far the most relevant for this text type, but since interviews usually deal with exploring the ideas of the interviewee, both <a href="../1237/explanation.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Explanation">Explanation</a> and <a href="../1238/argument.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Argument">Argument</a> will apply.</p><div class="blueBg"><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>Materials & models</strong></span></p><p><strong>></strong> <a href="../12138/bilingual-brains.html" title="Language System » Language & Thought » Language & TOK » Bilingual brains">Bilingual brains</a> ... the t<span class="truncate">ranscription of the interview that forms the basis of the other activities on the page is useful for </span><span class="truncate">(i) illustrating the transcribed interview format, and </span><span class="truncate">(ii) extracting quotes for further writing.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>> <a href="../../transcribed/transcribed-interview%2C-marked.htm">Transcribed interview, marked</a></strong></span> ... quite skilful student script, covering many of the features suggested above ... also useful for marking exercise with the students</p><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>> <a href="../1430/dinosaurs.html">Dinosaurs</a></strong></span> ... more of a straight dialogue, really, but illustrates the process of writing conversation ... about how dinosaurs invented wings (perhaps), so perhaps a bit off the wall compared with usual Paper 2 tasks</p><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>><a href="../1420/tourists.html"> Tourists</a> </strong></span> ... again, a dialogue invented to illustrate attitudes to tourism, so not really an interview as such, but ...</p><p>> <a href="../12101/dynamic-questioning.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Spoken Interaction » Dynamic questioning">Dynamic questioning</a> ... use of transcribed dialogue in order to enliven an article of travel journalism - illustrates the process by which which the right questions can elicit the right answers</p></div><script>document.querySelectorAll('.tib-teacher-only').forEach(e => e.remove());</script>
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