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class="father">Incorporating IM, TOK, 'Utilization' etc.</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16414/topic-1" >Topic 1</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16916/topics-2-12" >Topics 2 & 12</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17023/topics-3-13-" >Topics 3 & 13 </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17055/topics-4-14-" >Topics 4 & 14 </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17270/topics-5-15-" >Topics 5 & 15 </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17854/topics-6-16-" >Topics 6 & 16 </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18041/topics-7-17-" >Topics 7 & 17 </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18099/topics-8-18" >Topics 8 & 18</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18349/topics-9-19-" >Topics 9 & 19 </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18420/topics-10-20" >Topics 10 & 20</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17269/topics-11-21-" >Topics 11 & 21 </a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17866/utilization-relationships-between-topics-" class="father">'Utilization' - Relationships between topics </a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17867/relating-topics-4-14-to-all-the-other-topics" >Relating Topics 4 & 14 to all the other topics</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17868/example-of-connections" >Example of connections</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/34404/hydroxychloroquine-ib-chemistry" >Hydroxychloroquine & IB Chemistry</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/35418/ammonium-nitrate-ib-chemistry" >Ammonium nitrate & IB Chemistry</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16685/multiple-choice-tests-for-each-topic" class="father">Multiple choice tests for each topic</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16687/sl-questions-by-topic" >SL Questions by topic</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16688/hl-questions-by-topic" >HL Questions by topic</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19044/options-" >Options </a><ul class="level-1"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19503/option-a-" class="father">Option A </a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19504/introduction-to-materials-science-" >Introduction to materials science </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19519/metals-and-icp-spectroscopy" >Metals and ICP spectroscopy</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19541/catalysts-" >Catalysts </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19580/liquid-crystals" >Liquid crystals</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19665/polymers-" >Polymers </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19672/nanotechnology" >Nanotechnology</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19843/environmental-impact-plastics" >Environmental impact - plastics</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19858/superconducting-metals-x-ray-crystallography-" >Superconducting metals & X-ray crystallography </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19666/condensation-polymers" >Condensation polymers</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19916/environmental-impact-heavy-metals" >Environmental impact - heavy metals</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19284/option-b-" class="father">Option B </a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19290/introduction-to-biochemistry-" >Introduction to biochemistry </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19287/proteins-enzymes-" >Proteins & enzymes </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19291/lipids" >Lipids</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19299/carbohydrates-" >Carbohydrates </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19305/vitamins-" >Vitamins </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19313/biochemistry-the-environment-" >Biochemistry & the environment </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19336/proteins-enzymes-ahl-" >Proteins & enzymes (AHL) </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19347/nucleic-acids-" >Nucleic acids </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19361/biological-pigments-" >Biological pigments </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19366/stereochemistry-in-biomolecules" >Stereochemistry in biomolecules</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19390/option-c-" class="father">Option C </a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19391/energy-sources" >Energy sources</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19407/fossil-fuels" >Fossil fuels</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19411/nuclear-fusion-nuclear-fission-reactions" >Nuclear fusion & nuclear fission reactions</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19429/solar-energy" >Solar energy</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19437/environmental-impact-global-warming" >Environmental impact - global warming</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19453/electrochemistry-rechargeable-batteries-fuel-cells" >Electrochemistry, rechargeable batteries & fuel cells</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19458/nuclear-fusion-fission-hl-" >Nuclear fusion & fission (HL) </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19470/photovoltaic-cells-and-dsscs" >Photovoltaic cells and DSSCs</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19078/option-d" class="father">Option D</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19079/pharmaceutical-products-drug-action-" >Pharmaceutical products & drug action </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19158/aspirin-penicillin-" >Aspirin & penicillin </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19174/opiates" >Opiates</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19184/ph-regulation-of-the-stomach" >pH regulation of the stomach</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19194/antiviral-medications-" >Antiviral medications </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19211/environmental-impact-of-some-medications" >Environmental impact of some medications</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19254/taxol-a-chiral-auxiliary-case-study" >Taxol - a chiral auxiliary case study</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19258/nuclear-medicine-" >Nuclear medicine </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19273/drug-detection-analysis-" >Drug detection & analysis </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16592/practical-scheme-of-work-ia-" >Practical scheme of work & IA </a><ul class="level-1"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16682/internal-assessment" class="father">Internal Assessment</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18892/scaffolding-the-investigation" >'Scaffolding' the investigation</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18896/timing-organisation-" >Timing & organisation </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18905/choosing-the-research-question" >Choosing the research question</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18946/personal-engagement" >Personal engagement</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18950/exploration" >Exploration</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18957/analysis" >Analysis</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18965/evaluation" >Evaluation</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18966/communication" >Communication</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19882/internal-standardization-of-the-ia" >Internal standardization of the IA</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19901/submitting-the-samples-for-moderation" >Submitting the samples for moderation</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/33754/ten-suggestions-for-ias-using-secondary-data" >Ten suggestions for IAs using secondary data</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/37544/gaining-full-marks-for-a-databased-ia-" >Gaining full marks for a databased IA </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19506/ia-example-marking-exercise-" >IA example & marking exercise </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/23929/genuine-examples-of-moderated-ia-reports" >Genuine examples of moderated IA reports</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/25234/examples-of-teacher-marked-ia-reports-" >Examples of teacher-marked IA reports </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/37542/history-of-internal-assessment" >History of Internal Assessment</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16598/mandatory-laboratory-components" class="father">Mandatory laboratory components</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16613/formula-of-magnesium-oxide-" >Formula of magnesium oxide </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16612/determining-the-mr-of-an-unknown-gas" >Determining the <i>M</i><sub>r</sub> of an unknown gas</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16615/acid-base-titrations-" >Acid-base titrations </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16616/a-green-acid-base-practical" >A green acid-base practical</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16617/analysis-of-aspirin-tablets" >Analysis of aspirin tablets</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16618/caco3-in-egg-shells" >CaCO<sub>3</sub> in egg shells</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16644/enthalpy-changes" >Enthalpy changes</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16631/reaction-rates" >Reaction rates</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16635/rate-dependent-factors" >Rate-dependent factors</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16636/determining-ea-for-a-reaction" >Determining <i>E</i><sub>a</sub> for a reaction</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16637/iodination-of-propanone" >Iodination of propanone</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18144/titrations-with-a-ph-meter" >Titrations with a pH meter</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18355/redox-titration-with-kmno4-" >Redox titration with KMnO<sub>4</sub> </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16640/voltaic-cells" >Voltaic cells</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16659/3-d-molecular-modelling-" >3-D molecular modelling </a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17168/other-good-practicals" class="father">Other good practicals</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17196/common-chemical-reactions" >Common chemical reactions</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/227/elements-oxides-of-the-third-period-" >Elements & oxides of the third period </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17239/the-halogens" >The halogens</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17162/boiling-points-of-mixtures" >Boiling points of mixtures</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17170/polarity-of-molecules" >Polarity of molecules</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18083/le-chateliers-principle-" >Le Chatelier's principle </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19582/determining-kc-for-an-esterification-reaction" >Determining <i>K</i><sub>c</sub> for an esterification reaction</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18164/redox-reactions-of-vanadium-" >Redox reactions of vanadium </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18351/chlorine-in-swimming-pools-" >Chlorine in swimming pools </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18178/analysis-of-cuii-ions-in-solution-" >Analysis of Cu(II) ions in solution </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18179/percentage-of-copper-in-brass" >Percentage of copper in brass</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18356/electrolytic-cells-" >Electrolytic cells </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18598/reactions-of-organic-compounds" >Reactions of organic compounds</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18752/hydrolysis-of-halogenoalkanes" >Hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18784/preparation-of-13-dinitrobenzene-" >Preparation of 1,3-dinitrobenzene </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19022/determination-of-an-organic-structure" >Determination of an organic structure</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19887/preparation-of-nylon-66" >Preparation of nylon 6,6</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19343/determination-of-vitamin-c-content-" >Determination of vitamin C content </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19342/hydrolysis-of-starch-" >Hydrolysis of starch </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/19159/preparation-purification-of-aspirin-" >Preparation & purification of aspirin </a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18851/ict-in-practical-work" class="father">ICT in practical work</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18852/data-logging-" >Data logging </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18853/software-for-graph-plotting-" >Software for graph plotting </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18854/spreadsheets-for-data-processing-" >Spreadsheets for data processing </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18855/databases" >Databases</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/18856/computer-modelling-simulations-" >Computer modelling & simulations </a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16594/group-4-project" class="father">Group 4 Project</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16595/practicalities" >Practicalities</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16596/reflective-statement-" >Reflective statement </a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16666/a-new-laboratory" >A new laboratory?</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16284/exams" >Exams</a><ul class="level-1"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16286/essential-facts" class="father">Essential Facts</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16287/objectives-command-terms" >Objectives & command terms</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16288/grade-descriptors" >Grade descriptors</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16289/grade-boundaries" >Grade boundaries</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16302/paper-1-multiple-choice" class="father">Paper 1 (Multiple Choice)</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16303/advice-to-students-paper-1" >Advice to students (Paper 1)</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/31515/practice-paper-1-exams" >Practice Paper 1 exams</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16305/paper-2" class="father">Paper 2</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16306/advice-to-students-paper-2" >Advice to students (Paper 2)</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16307/areas-of-difficulty" >Areas of difficulty</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16313/paper-3-" class="father">Paper 3 </a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16314/advice-to-students-paper-3" >Advice to students (Paper 3)</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16342/data-response-questions" >Data response questions</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/20054/experimental-work-questions" >Experimental work questions</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16324/the-examination-process" class="father">The examination process</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16316/setting-the-exam-papers" >Setting the exam papers</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16317/predicted-grades" >Predicted grades</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16318/marking-the-papers" >Marking the papers</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16319/commenting-on-the-exams" >Commenting on the exams</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16320/grade-awarding" >Grade Awarding</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16321/enquiry-upon-results" >Enquiry upon results</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16322/chief-examiners-report" >Chief Examiner's report</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16323/retaking-the-exam" >Retaking the exam</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/16325/faqs" >FAQs</a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/3147/ib-core" >IB Core</a><ul class="level-1"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/3149/learner-profile" >Learner Profile</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/21735/extended-essays-" class="father">Extended Essays </a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/21736/overview-" >Overview </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/21780/responsibilities" >Responsibilities</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/21790/resources" >Resources</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/21800/research" >Research</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/21804/writing-the-essay" >Writing the essay</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/21810/assessment" >Assessment</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/22434/summary-of-advice-" >Summary of advice </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/25272/faqs-" >FAQs </a></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/307/theory-of-knowledge-tok" class="father">Theory of Knowledge (TOK)</a><ul class="level-2"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41171/the-12-tok-concepts" >The 12 TOK concepts</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/3507/why-tok-chemistry" >Why TOK & Chemistry?</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/3505/a-modern-paradigm" >A modern paradigm</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17783/fast-track-to-tests-questions" >Fast track to tests & questions</a><ul class="level-1"><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17784/sl-multiple-choice-tests-on-individual-topics" >SL Multiple choice tests on individual topics</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/24351/sl-multiple-choice-quizzes-on-sub-topics" >SL Multiple choice 'quizzes' on sub-topics</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/31519/sl-practice-paper-1-exams" >SL Practice Paper 1 exams</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17786/sl-questions-on-each-sub-topic" >SL Questions on each sub-topic</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/20431/sl-paper-3-section-a-questions" >SL Paper 3 Section A questions</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17792/sl-questions-on-the-options" >SL Questions on the options</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/24897/sl-quizzes-on-option-sub-topics-" >SL Quizzes on option sub-topics </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17785/hl-multiple-choice-tests-on-individual-topics" >HL Multiple choice tests on individual topics</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/24352/hl-multiple-choice-quizzes-on-sub-topics" >HL Multiple choice 'quizzes' on sub-topics</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/31520/hl-practice-paper-1-exams-" >HL Practice Paper 1 exams </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17787/hl-questions-on-each-sub-topic-" >HL Questions on each sub-topic </a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/20428/hl-paper-3-section-a-questions" >HL Paper 3 Section A questions</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/17793/hl-questions-on-the-options" >HL Questions on the options</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/24973/hl-quizzes-on-option-sub-topics" >HL Quizzes on option sub-topics</a></li><li ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41573/printable-versions-of-written-tasks-" >Printable versions of written tasks </a></li></ul></li><li class="selected" ><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41465/complete-course-for-students-" >Complete course for students </a><ul class="level-1"><li ><a 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<nav id="sidemenu" class="side-nav"><div class="header"><span style="color: #fff;"><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41465/complete-course-for-students-">Complete course for students </a></span><span id="sidetreecontrol"><a title="Collapse all" rel="collapse" href="#"><i class="fa fa-minus-circle"></i></a> <a title="Expand all" rel="expand" href="#"><i class="fa fa-plus-circle"></i></a></span></div><ul class="level-0 always-expanded"><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27988/full-coverage-of-each-topic-and-sub-topic" title="Full coverage of each topic and sub-topic">Full coverage of each topic and sub-topic</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27959/topic-1-stoichiometric-relationships" title="Topic 1 : Stoichiometric relationships">Topic 1 : 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href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27968/131-first-row-d-block-elements" title="13.1 First-row d-block elements">13.1 First-row d-block elements</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27970/132-coloured-complexes" title="13.2 Coloured complexes">13.2 Coloured complexes</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27971/topics-4-14-chemical-bonding-structure" title="Topics 4 & 14 : Chemical bonding & structure">Topics 4 & 14 : Chemical bonding & structure</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27972/41-ionic-bonding-structure-" title="4.1 Ionic bonding & structure ">4.1 Ionic bonding & structure </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27973/42-covalent-bonding" title="4.2 Covalent bonding">4.2 Covalent bonding</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27974/43-covalent-structures-1-" title="4.3 Covalent structures (1) ">4.3 Covalent structures (1) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27980/43-covalent-structures-2-" title="4.3 Covalent structures (2) ">4.3 Covalent structures (2) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27981/44-intermolecular-forces-" title="4.4 Intermolecular forces ">4.4 Intermolecular forces </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a 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fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27989/51-measuring-energy-changes" title="5.1 Measuring energy changes">5.1 Measuring energy changes</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27991/52-hesss-law" title="5.2 Hess's Law">5.2 Hess's Law</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27992/53-bond-enthalpies-" title="5.3 Bond enthalpies ">5.3 Bond enthalpies </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27993/151-energy-cycles" title="15.1 Energy cycles">15.1 Energy cycles</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27994/152-entropy-spontaneity" title="15.2 Entropy & spontaneity">15.2 Entropy & spontaneity</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27995/topics-6-16-chemical-kinetics" title="Topics 6 & 16 : Chemical kinetics">Topics 6 & 16 : Chemical kinetics</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27996/61-collision-theory-rates-of-reaction" title="6.1 Collision theory & rates of reaction">6.1 Collision theory & rates of reaction</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27997/161-rate-expression-reaction-mechanism" title="16.1 Rate expression & reaction mechanism">16.1 Rate expression & reaction mechanism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27998/162-activation-energy" title="16.2 Activation energy">16.2 Activation energy</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28001/topics-7-17-equilibrium-" title="Topics 7 & 17 : Equilibrium ">Topics 7 & 17 : Equilibrium </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/27999/71-equilibrium" title="7.1 Equilibrium">7.1 Equilibrium</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28000/171-equilibrium-law" title="17.1 Equilibrium law">17.1 Equilibrium law</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28017/topics-8-18-acids-and-bases-" title="Topics 8 & 18 : Acids and bases ">Topics 8 & 18 : Acids and bases </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28002/81-theories-of-acids-bases" title="8.1 Theories of acids & bases">8.1 Theories of acids & bases</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28010/82-properties-of-acids-bases" title="8.2 Properties of acids & bases">8.2 Properties of acids & bases</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28011/83-ph-scale" title="8.3 pH scale">8.3 pH scale</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28012/84-strong-weak-acids-bases" title="8.4 Strong & weak acids & bases">8.4 Strong & weak acids & bases</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28013/85-acid-deposition-" title="8.5 Acid deposition ">8.5 Acid deposition </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28014/181-lewis-acids-bases-" title="18.1 Lewis acids & bases ">18.1 Lewis acids & bases </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28015/182-calculations-involving-acids-bases-" title="18.2 Calculations involving acids & bases ">18.2 Calculations involving acids & bases </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28016/183-ph-titration-curves" title="18.3 pH titration curves">18.3 pH titration curves</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28031/topics-9-19-redox-process" title="Topics 9 & 19 : Redox process">Topics 9 & 19 : Redox process</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28021/91-oxidation-reduction" title="9.1 Oxidation & reduction">9.1 Oxidation & reduction</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28022/92-electrochemical-cells" title="9.2 Electrochemical cells">9.2 Electrochemical cells</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28023/191-electrochemical-cells-ahl" title="19.1 Electrochemical cells (AHL)">19.1 Electrochemical cells (AHL)</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28061/topics-10-20-organic-chemistry" title="Topics 10 & 20 : Organic chemistry">Topics 10 & 20 : Organic chemistry</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28042/101-fundamentals-of-organic-chemistry" title="10.1 Fundamentals of organic chemistry">10.1 Fundamentals of organic chemistry</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28043/1021-alkanes-alkenes-addition-polymers" title="10.2(1) Alkanes, alkenes & addition polymers">10.2(1) Alkanes, alkenes & addition polymers</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28044/1022-alcohols-" title="10.2(2) Alcohols ">10.2(2) Alcohols </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28047/1023-halogenoalkanes-benzene" title="10.2(3) Halogenoalkanes & benzene">10.2(3) Halogenoalkanes & benzene</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28050/2011-nucleophilic-substitution-" title="20.1(1) Nucleophilic substitution ">20.1(1) Nucleophilic substitution </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28051/2012-electrophilic-addition-" title="20.1(2) Electrophilic addition ">20.1(2) Electrophilic addition </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28053/2013-electrophilic-substitution" title="20.1(3) Electrophilic substitution">20.1(3) Electrophilic substitution</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28054/2014-reduction-reactions-" title="20.1(4) Reduction reactions ">20.1(4) Reduction reactions </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28056/202-synthetic-routes-" title="20.2 Synthetic routes ">20.2 Synthetic routes </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28059/203-stereoisomerism-" title="20.3 Stereoisomerism ">20.3 Stereoisomerism </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28038/topics-11-21-measurement-data-processing-analysis" title="Topics 11 & 21 : Measurement, data processing & analysis">Topics 11 & 21 : Measurement, data processing & analysis</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28032/111-uncertainty-errors-" title="11.1 Uncertainty & errors ">11.1 Uncertainty & errors </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28033/112-graphical-techniques" title="11.2 Graphical techniques">11.2 Graphical techniques</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28034/113-spectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds" title="11.3 Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds">11.3 Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28039/211-spectroscopic-identification-of-organic-compounds-ahl" title="21.1 Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds (AHL)">21.1 Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds (AHL)</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28074/option-a-materials-" title="Option A : Materials ">Option A : Materials </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28062/a1-introduction-to-materials-science-" title="A.1 Introduction to materials science ">A.1 Introduction to materials science </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28063/a2-metals-and-icp-spectroscopy" title="A.2 Metals and ICP spectroscopy">A.2 Metals and ICP spectroscopy</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28065/a3-catalysts-" title="A.3 Catalysts ">A.3 Catalysts </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28066/a4-liquid-crystals" title="A.4 Liquid crystals">A.4 Liquid crystals</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28067/a5-polymers" title="A.5 Polymers">A.5 Polymers</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28069/a6-nanotechnology" title="A.6 Nanotechnology">A.6 Nanotechnology</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28070/a7-environmental-impact-plastics" title="A.7 Environmental impact - plastics">A.7 Environmental impact - plastics</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28071/a8-superconducting-metals-x-ray-crystallography-" title="A.8 Superconducting metals & X-ray crystallography ">A.8 Superconducting metals & X-ray crystallography </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28072/a9-condensation-polymers" title="A.9 Condensation polymers">A.9 Condensation polymers</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28073/a10-environmental-impact-heavy-metals" title="A.10 Environmental impact - heavy metals">A.10 Environmental impact - heavy metals</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28087/option-b-biochemistry" title="Option B : Biochemistry">Option B : Biochemistry</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28076/b1-introduction-to-biochemistry-" title="B.1 Introduction to biochemistry ">B.1 Introduction to biochemistry </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28078/b2-proteins-enzymes" title="B.2 Proteins & enzymes">B.2 Proteins & enzymes</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28079/b3-lipids" title="B.3 Lipids">B.3 Lipids</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28080/b4-carbohydrates" title="B.4 Carbohydrates">B.4 Carbohydrates</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28081/b5-vitamins" title="B.5 Vitamins">B.5 Vitamins</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28082/b6-biochemistry-the-environment" title="B.6 Biochemistry & the environment">B.6 Biochemistry & the environment</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28083/b7-proteins-enzymes-ahl-" title="B.7 Proteins & enzymes (AHL) ">B.7 Proteins & enzymes (AHL) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28084/b8-nucleic-acids" title="B.8 Nucleic acids">B.8 Nucleic acids</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28085/b9-biological-pigments" title="B.9 Biological pigments">B.9 Biological pigments</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28086/b10-stereochemistry-in-biomolecules" title="B.10 Stereochemistry in biomolecules">B.10 Stereochemistry in biomolecules</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28098/option-c-energy-" title="Option C : Energy ">Option C : Energy </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28088/c1-energy-sources-" title="C.1 Energy sources ">C.1 Energy sources </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28089/c2-fossil-fuels" title="C.2 Fossil fuels">C.2 Fossil fuels</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28090/c3-nuclear-fusion-nuclear-fission-reactions" title="C.3 Nuclear fusion & nuclear fission reactions">C.3 Nuclear fusion & nuclear fission reactions</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28091/c4-solar-energy-" title="C.4 Solar energy ">C.4 Solar energy </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28094/c5-environmental-impact-global-warming-" title="C.5 Environmental impact - global warming ">C.5 Environmental impact - global warming </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28095/c6-electrochemistry-rechargeable-batteries-fuel-cells" title="C.6 Electrochemistry, rechargeable batteries & fuel cells">C.6 Electrochemistry, rechargeable batteries & fuel cells</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28096/c7-nuclear-fusion-fission-hl-" title="C.7 Nuclear fusion & fission (HL) ">C.7 Nuclear fusion & fission (HL) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28097/c8-photovoltaic-cells-and-dsscs" title="C.8 Photovoltaic cells and DSSCs">C.8 Photovoltaic cells and DSSCs</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28109/option-d-medicinal-chemistry" title="Option D : Medicinal chemistry">Option D : Medicinal chemistry</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28099/d1-pharmaceutical-products-drug-action-" title="D.1 Pharmaceutical products & drug action ">D.1 Pharmaceutical products & drug action </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28100/d2-aspirin-penicillin" title="D.2 Aspirin & penicillin">D.2 Aspirin & penicillin</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28101/d3-opiates" title="D.3 Opiates">D.3 Opiates</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28103/d4-ph-regulation-of-the-stomach" title="D.4 pH regulation of the stomach">D.4 pH regulation of the stomach</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28102/d5-antiviral-medications" title="D.5 Antiviral medications">D.5 Antiviral medications</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28104/d6-environmental-impact-of-some-medications" title="D.6 Environmental impact of some medications">D.6 Environmental impact of some medications</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28105/d7-taxol-a-chiral-auxiliary-case-study-" title="D.7 Taxol - a chiral auxiliary case study ">D.7 Taxol - a chiral auxiliary case study </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28107/d8-nuclear-medicine-" title="D.8 Nuclear medicine ">D.8 Nuclear medicine </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/28108/d9-drug-detection-analysis" title="D.9 Drug detection & analysis">D.9 Drug detection & analysis</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41553/practical-work-including-ia-group-4-project-" title="Practical work (including IA & Group 4 Project) ">Practical work (including IA & Group 4 Project) </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41528/internal-assessment" title="Internal Assessment">Internal Assessment</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41529/scaffolding-the-investigation" title="'Scaffolding' the investigation">'Scaffolding' the investigation</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41531/choosing-the-research-question" title="Choosing the research question">Choosing the research question</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41532/personal-engagement-" title="Personal engagement ">Personal engagement </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41533/exploration" title="Exploration">Exploration</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41544/analysis-" title="Analysis ">Analysis </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41545/significant-figures-" title="Significant figures ">Significant figures </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41547/error-uncertainty" title="Error & uncertainty">Error & uncertainty</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41548/evaluation-" title="Evaluation ">Evaluation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41549/communication" title="Communication">Communication</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41550/genuine-examples-of-marked-ia-reports-" title="Genuine examples of marked IA reports ">Genuine examples of marked IA reports </a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41657/group-4-project" title="Group 4 Project">Group 4 Project</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41387/approaches-to-learning-" title="Approaches to learning ">Approaches to learning </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41380/thinking-skills" title="Thinking skills">Thinking skills</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41383/communication-skills" title="Communication skills">Communication skills</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41384/social-skills-" title="Social skills ">Social skills </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41385/self-management-skills" title="Self-management skills">Self-management skills</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41386/research-skills" title="Research skills">Research skills</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41382/reflection-skills-" title="Reflection skills ">Reflection skills </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41488/the-nature-of-science" title="The Nature of Science">The Nature of Science</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41489/key-terms-concepts-" title="Key terms & concepts ">Key terms & concepts </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41492/how-the-elements-were-named-" title="How the elements were named ">How the elements were named </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41490/nos-critical-thinking" title="NOS & Critical Thinking">NOS & Critical Thinking</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41493/the-culture-of-chemistry-" title="The Culture of Chemistry ">The Culture of Chemistry </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41500/culture-of-chemistry-1" title="Culture of Chemistry (1)">Culture of Chemistry (1)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41501/culture-of-chemistry-2" title="Culture of Chemistry (2)">Culture of Chemistry (2)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41502/culture-of-chemistry-3" title="Culture of Chemistry (3)">Culture of Chemistry (3)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41503/culture-of-chemistry-4-" title="Culture of Chemistry (4) ">Culture of Chemistry (4) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41504/culture-of-chemistry-5" title="Culture of Chemistry (5)">Culture of Chemistry (5)</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41494/nature-of-science-questions-" title="Nature of Science questions ">Nature of Science questions </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41498/nos-question-example-1-" title="NoS question - Example 1 ">NoS question - Example 1 </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41499/nos-question-example-2-" title="NoS question - Example 2 ">NoS question - Example 2 </a></li></ul></ul><li class="current parent" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41401/external-assessment-exams" title="External assessment (Exams)">External assessment (Exams)</a></li><ul class="level-1 expanded"><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41403/essential-facts-" title="Essential Facts ">Essential Facts </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41404/objectives-command-terms-" title="Objectives & command terms ">Objectives & command terms </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41408/grade-boundaries-" title="Grade boundaries ">Grade boundaries </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41406/grade-descriptors-" title="Grade descriptors ">Grade descriptors </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41451/your-final-grade-not-good-enough-for-you-" title="Your final grade not good enough for you? ">Your final grade not good enough for you? </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41409/paper-1-multiple-choice-" title="Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) ">Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41415/advice-to-students-paper-1-" title="Advice to students (Paper 1) ">Advice to students (Paper 1) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41416/practice-paper-1-exams-" title="Practice Paper 1 exams ">Practice Paper 1 exams </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41417/paper-2-" title="Paper 2 ">Paper 2 </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41418/advice-to-students-paper-2-" title="Advice to students (Paper 2) ">Advice to students (Paper 2) </a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41419/areas-of-difficulty-" title="Areas of difficulty ">Areas of difficulty </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41426/understanding-the-activity-series" title="Understanding the activity series">Understanding the activity series</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41422/vsepr" title="VSEPR">VSEPR</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41421/ie-graphs-" title="IE graph(s) ">IE graph(s) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41420/misuse-of-formulas-" title="Misuse of formulas ">Misuse of formulas </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41425/manipulating-equilibrium-constants-" title="Manipulating equilibrium constants ">Manipulating equilibrium constants </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41428/curly-arrows" title="'Curly arrows'">'Curly arrows'</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41424/understanding-and-using-g-" title="Understanding and using ΔG ">Understanding and using Δ<em>G </em> </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41430/factors-affecting-the-rate-of-nucleophilic-substitution-reaction" title="Factors affecting the rate of nucleophilic substitution reactions ">Factors affecting the rate of nucleophilic substitution reactions </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41427/using-electrode-potentials-" title="Using electrode potentials ">Using electrode potentials </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41429/understanding-hybridization-" title="Understanding hybridization ">Understanding hybridization </a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41431/paper-3-" title="Paper 3 ">Paper 3 </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41432/advice-to-students-paper-3-" title="Advice to students (Paper 3) ">Advice to students (Paper 3) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41433/data-response-questions-" title="Data response questions ">Data response questions </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41441/experimental-work-questions-" title="Experimental work questions ">Experimental work questions </a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41662/extended-essay-" title="Extended Essay ">Extended Essay </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41685/preparation" title="Preparation">Preparation</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41663/aims-objectives" title="Aims & objectives">Aims & objectives</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41665/your-responsibilities" title="Your responsibilities">Your responsibilities</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41785/choosing-the-subject" title="Choosing the subject">Choosing the subject</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41686/researching-" title="Researching ">Researching </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/42069/choosing-the-research-topic-" title="Choosing the research topic ">Choosing the research topic </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/42070/framing-the-research-question" title="Framing the Research Question">Framing the Research Question</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/42072/researching-your-essay" title="Researching your Essay">Researching your Essay</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/42097/reflections-on-planning-and-progress-" title="Reflections on planning and progress ">Reflections on planning and progress </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/42075/writing-the-essay" title="Writing the essay">Writing the essay</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/42077/correct-referencing-and-bibliography" title="Correct referencing and bibliography">Correct referencing and bibliography</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/42092/checklist-" title="Checklist ">Checklist </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a 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fa-home"></i></a><span class="divider"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i></span></li><li><a title="Go to: Complete course for students " href="https://www.thinkib.net/chemistry/page/41465/complete-course-for-students-">Complete course for students </a><span class="divider"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i></span></li><li><span>External assessment (Exams)</span></li></ul><div id="std-sidebox-task-added-msg"></div><section id="main-content"><div class="blueBg"><h1>Introduction to External Assessment</h1><hr class="hidden" /><p>We have come a long way since Henry Armstrong made the following statement:<img alt="" height="453" src="../../../ib/chemistry/images/Exams/Exam%20session.jpg" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.6em;border-top-width:1px;border-right-width:1px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-left-width:1px;border-top-style:solid;border-right-style:solid;border-bottom-style:solid;border-left-style:solid;border-top-color:rgb(153, 153, 153);border-right-color:rgb(153, 153, 153);border-bottom-color:rgb(153, 153, 153);border-left-color:rgb(153, 153, 153);float:right;" title="" width="340" /></p><p style="margin-left:40px;"><br />“When Prof. Ayrton and I were appointed the first professors of the City and Guilds of London Institute we found ourselves in complete agreement that we would have nothing to do with teaching for examinations.</p><p style="margin-left:40px;">I am proud to say that the programmes of the Guild’s Colleges have never been disfigured by references to examinations as objects to be kept in view by students.”</p><p style="margin-left:40px;">Henry E.Armstrong<br />(Science Progress,1886)</p><p><br />Rightly or wrongly the examinations now have a central role in all students' lives. Many students seem to spend much of their time being 'drilled' by their teachers to achieve high grades in their final assessment rather than focusing on and enjoying learning for its own sake. The syllabus is written so that it is clear what can be examined (NoS, Understandings, Applications and skills and perhaps International-mindedness) and the exams are written using command terms which are commensurate with the level of the objectives being tested. The pressure is heavily on students to achieve certain high grades in order to continue into higher education.</p><p>This part of the Website looks at the main aspects of external examinations as they affect you, the student. The first section on Essential facts defines precisely the meaning of <em>command term</em> and explains the different levels of objectives. It covers grade descriptors (i.e. what standard you need to reach for each grade) and explains how the component grade boundaries and overall grade boundaries are arrived at. The next three sections then look at each of the three written papers in turn with concrete advice as to how to prepare for the exams and what the common pitfalls in each paper are. Examples of brand new questions together with the worked answers are given for the Section A part of Paper 3 covering data response and experimental work are provided. Finally, if one should be required, advice on how to request a remark is given.</p><hr class="hidden" /><h3>Summary:</h3><div class="row-fluid"><div class="span6 col-left"><div><ul class="branded"><li>Tips on how to maximise your marks on each of the three exam papers</li><li>Practice Paper 1 mock examinations</li><li>Specific details of areas of difficulty on Papers 2 & 3 and how to overcome them</li><li>Advice and new questions with worked answers to prepare for data response questions on Section A on Paper 3</li></ul></div></div><div class="span6"><div><ul class="branded"><li>Examples of new questions with worked answers for experimental work on Section A on Paper 3</li><li>Full explanation of grade descriptors and grade boundaries</li><li>Fun ways of understanding objectives and using command terms</li><li>What to do if you do not achieve the final grade you need in chemistry</li></ul></div></div></div><hr class="hidden" /></div></section></article><section id="media-extras"><div class="page-actions no-print navbar inline hidden-desktop"><div class="navbar-inner"><ul class="nav"><li><a class="presentation" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-desktop"></i></a></li><li><a class="print-section-blog" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-print"></i></a></li><li><a class="personal-notes" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-file-text"></i></a></li><li class="dropdown"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-target="#" href="#"><i class="fa fa-share-alt"></i></a><ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li><a class="" target="_blank" title="Share on Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/share?text=%22External+assessment+%28Exams%29%22+-+via+%40InThinker+%23chemistry%0A&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F41401%2Fexternal-assessment-exams"><i class="fa fa-twitter-square"></i><span>Twitter</span></a></li><li><a class="" target="_blank" title="Share on Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F41401%2Fexternal-assessment-exams&t=External+assessment+(Exams)"><i class="fa fa-facebook-square"></i><span>Facebook</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F41401%2Fexternal-assessment-exams"><i class="fa fa-linkedin-square"></i><span>LinkedIn</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F41401%2Fexternal-assessment-exams"><i class="fa fa-google-plus-square"></i><span>Google +</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="mailto:?subject=External assessment (Exams)&body=We have come a long way since Henry Armstrong made the following statement:“When Prof. Ayrton and I were appointed the first professors of the City and Guilds of London Institute we found ourselves in complete agreement...%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fchemistry%2Fpage%2F41401%2Fexternal-assessment-exams"><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i><span>Email</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a class="" href="chemistry/teaching-materials"><i class="fa fa-puzzle-piece colored"></i></a></li></ul></div></div><div style="border-top: solid 1px #eee;border-bottom: solid 1px #eee;padding: 4px 0 4px 0;line-height: 1em;color: #666;font-size: .8em"><small><em>All materials on this website are for the exclusive use of teachers and students at subscribing schools for the period of their subscription. 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