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class="mark-page-favorite pull-right" data-pid="717" title="Mark as favorite" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-star-o"></i></a> </h1> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="../../../chemistry.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><a href="../343/stoichiometry.html">Stoichiometry</a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><span class="gray">Particulate matter and chemical change</span></li> <span class="pull-right" style="color: #555" title="Suggested study time: 30 minutes"><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 30'</span> </ol> <article id="main-article"> <p> <img alt="" src="../../images/test-images/aurora_borealis-1.jpg" style="width: 160px; height: 141px; float: left;">Writing formulae and chemical equations is a fundamental skill of a chemist (it is also a universal language). You are probably familiar with balancing chemical equations and many of the key terms in this part of the course. Nonetheless, there are some bits and pieces here that require attention to detail. <strong>Use the flash cards to learn the vocabulary thoroughly. </strong></p> <hr class="hidden-separator"> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-turquoise"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Key concepts</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>Ensure you are confident using the terms below and learn the asterisked* definitions</p> <p>atom, element, compound, homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture, precipitate, vaporization (evaporation and boiling), sublimation, deposition</p> <div class="tib-flashcard"><a class="show-flashcards btn btn-success btn-xs-block btn-block " data-levels="1" data-mode="" data-topics="588" data-subject-id="7" data-n-flashcards="10" style="text-align:center">Show flashcards</a></div><hr> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-yellow panel-has-colored-body"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Essentials</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p> The revision cards contain all of the essential content:</p> <div id="carousel-82" class="dynamic-gallery carousel slide" data-id="82"><div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"><div class="item active"><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135229.png" data-fancybox="gallery-82" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135229.png"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135243.png" data-fancybox="gallery-82" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135243.png"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135255.png" data-fancybox="gallery-82" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135255.png"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135320.png" data-fancybox="gallery-82" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135320.png"></a></div></div><a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-82" role="button" data-slide="prev"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-left"></i></a><a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-82" role="button" data-slide="next"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div><ol class="std-carousel-indicators"><li data-index="0"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135229-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="1"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135243-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="2"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135255-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="3"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/7-82/screen-shot-2018-10-25-at-135320-thumb128.jpg"><li></li></ol> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-green"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Test yourself</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <div> <div class="tib-quiz" data-stats="7-128-717"><div class="label label-default q-number">1</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following represents an element?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>CO<sub>2</sub></span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>H<sub>2</sub>O</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span>Cl<sub>2</sub></span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Air</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>An element contains only one type of atom. Cl<sub>2</sub> contains only chlorine atoms and is the correct answer. CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O each contain two elements, and air is a mixture of elements and compounds.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">2</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Iron is magnetic and phosphorus is pyrophoric (ignites spontaneously in air). At elevated tempertures these two elements will react together to produce iron phosphide, which is hazardous.</p><p>Iron phosphide is likely to be:</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span>Neither magnetic nor pyrophoric</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Magnetic</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Both magnetic and pyrophoric</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Pyrophoric</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Compounds tend to have different properties from their component elements, so 'neither magnetic nor pyrophoric' is the correct answer.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">3</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which is the correct term for the change of state from a gas directly to a solid?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span>Deposition</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Reverse vaporization</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Freezing</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Sublimation</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The name given for the change of state; gas to solid is 'deposition' (or reverse sublimation).</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">4</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span>A precipitate of silver chloride in solution</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Powdered graphite mixed with copper oxide</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Air</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>Hydrogen and nitrogen gas</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture of more than one phase (or state) of matter. Hence 'a precipitate of silver chloride in solution' is the correct answer as this contains both a solid (the precipitate) and a liquid (the solvent). The other answers are mixtures of gases, or in the case of graphite and copper oxide - solids, and are therefore homogeneous mixtures.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">5</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>How many different elements and how many atoms are present in C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>3 elements and 8 atoms</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span>3 elements and 9 atoms</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>4 elements and 8 atoms</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>4 elements and 9 atoms</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The subscripts folowing the elemental symbols indicate the number of atoms in each case, no subscript (as in O and H in OH) indicates just one atom, but the number 1 subscript is not shown. So the correct answer is: 3 elements C (carbon), H (hydrogen) and O (oxygen); 9 atoms - 2 carbons, 6 hydrogens (5+1) and 1 oxygen.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">6</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What is the sum of all coefficients when the following equation is balanced using the smallest possible whole numbers?</p><p>___K<sub> </sub>+ ___H<sub>2</sub>O → ___KOH + ___H<sub>2</sub></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>4</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>14</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span>7</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>6</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>2K<sub> </sub>+ 2H<sub>2</sub>O → 2KOH + H<sub>2 </sub>is the balanced equation, so the total sum is 7 - don't forget that H<sub>2</sub> does have a '1' in front of it, although by convention we don't actually write that into the equation!</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">7</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What is the sum of all coefficients when the following equation is balanced using the smallest possible whole numbers?</p><p>___C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub><sub> </sub>+ ___O<sub>2 </sub>→ ___CO<sub>2</sub> + ___H<sub>2</sub>O</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>4</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>6</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>7</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span>8</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub><sub> </sub>+ 3O<sub>2 </sub>→ 2CO<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>O is the balanced equation, so the total sum is 8 - don't forget that C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> does have a '1' in front of it, although by convention we don't actually write that into the equation!</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">8</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>In the chemical equation below showing a reaction carried out at room temperature:</p><p>2Na<sub>(s) </sub>+ 2H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(l)</sub> → 2NaOH + H<sub>2</sub></p><p>Which state symbols are missing from the products respectively?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>(l) and (g)</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>(aq) and (aq)</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span>(s) and (g)</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span>(aq) and (g)</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) will be dissolved in water, hence (aq) meaning <em>aqueous</em>. Hydrogen will be a gas, hence (g). (aq) and (g) is the correct answer.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="totals"><span class="score"></span><button class="btn btn-success btn-block text-center check-total"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><hr> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Exam-style questions</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <a href="../2123/stoichiometry-core-sl-hl-paper-1-questions.html" title="Stoichiometry core (SL & HL) paper 1 questions">Stoichiometry core (SL & HL) paper 1 questions</a></div> <div> </div> <div> <a href="../2353/stoichiometry-core-sl-hl-paper-2-questions.html" title="Stoichiometry core (SL & HL) paper 2 questions">Stoichiometry core (SL & HL) paper 2 questions</a></div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-container panel-self-assessment" data-id="717"> <div class="panel-heading">MY PROGRESS</div> <div class="panel-body understanding-rate"> <div class="msg"></div> <label class="label-lg">Self-assessment</label><p>How much of <strong>Particulate matter and chemical change</strong> have you understood?</p><div class="slider-container text-center"><div id="self-assessment-slider" class="sib-slider self-assessment " data-value="1" data-percentage=""></div></div> <label class="label-lg">My notes</label> <textarea name="page-notes" class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Write your notes here..."></textarea> </div> <div class="panel-footer text-xs-center"> <span id="last-edited" class="mb-xs-3"> </span> <div class="actions mt-xs-3"> <button id="save-my-progress" type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary text-center btn-xs-block"> <i class="fa fa-fw fa-floppy-o"></i> Save </button> </div> </div></div> <div id="modal-feedback" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h4 class="modal-title">Feedback</h4> <button type="button" class="close hidden-xs hidden-sm" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="errors"></div> <p><strong>Which of the following best describes your feedback?</strong></p> <form method="post" style="overflow: hidden"> <div class="form-group"> <div class="radio"><label style="color: #121212;"><input type="radio" name="feedback-type" value="Recommendation"> Recommend</label></div><div class="radio"><label style="color: #121212;"><input type="radio" name="feedback-type" value="Problem"> Report a problem</label></div><div class="radio"><label style="color: #121212;"><input type="radio" name="feedback-type" value="Improvement"> Suggest an improvement</label></div><div class="radio"><label style="color: #121212;"><input type="radio" name="feedback-type" value="Other"> Other</label></div> </div> <hr> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="feedback-name">Name</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="feedback-name" placeholder="Name" value=" "> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="feedback-email">Email address</label> <input type="email" class="form-control" name="feedback-email" placeholder="Email" value="@airmail.cc"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="feedback-comments">Comments</label> <textarea class="form-control" name="feedback-comments" style="resize: vertical;"></textarea> </div> <input type="hidden" name="feedback-ticket" value="082b9c9c4ae3624d"> <input type="hidden" name="feedback-url" value="https://studyib.net/chemistry/page/717/particulate-matter-and-chemical-change"> <input type="hidden" name="feedback-subject" value="7"> <input type="hidden" name="feedback-subject-name" value="Chemistry"> <div class="pull-left"> </div> </form> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-xs-block feedback-submit mb-xs-3 pull-right"> <i class="fa fa-send"></i> Send </button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs-block m-xs-0 pull-left" data-dismiss="modal"> Close </button> </div> </div> </div></div> <style type="text/css" media="screen">/* Important part */
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