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href="../600/carbohydrates-lipids-23.html">Carbohydrates & Lipids 2.3</a></label></li><li class="expanded parent selected"><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="proteins-24.html">Proteins 2.4</a></label></li><li class=""><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../585/enzymes-25.html">Enzymes 2.5</a></label></li><li class=""><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../602/structure-of-dna-and-rna-26.html">Structure of DNA and RNA 2.6</a></label></li><li class=""><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../603/dna-replication-transcription-translation-27.html">DNA Replication, transcription, translation 2.7</a></label></li><li class=""><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../604/respiration-28.html">Respiration 2.8</a></label></li><li class=""><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../605/photosynthesis-29.html">Photosynthesis 2.9</a></label></li></ul></div> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <button class="btn btn-default btn-block text-xs-center" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-feedback" style="margin-bottom: 10px"><i class="fa fa-send"></i> Feedback</button> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-9" id="main-column"> <h1 class="page_title"> Proteins 2.4 <a href="#" class="mark-page-favorite pull-right" data-pid="601" title="Mark as favorite" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-star-o"></i></a> </h1> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="../../../biology.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><a href="../463/02-molecular-biology.html">02 Molecular biology</a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><span class="gray">Proteins 2.4</span></li> <span class="pull-right" style="color: #555" title="Suggested study time: 30 minutes"><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 30'</span> </ol> <article id="main-article"> <div class="intro-card" readonly="false"><img class="intro-image" readonly="true" src="../../images/02_molecules/protein-1.jpg" style="width: 1250px; height: 1250px;"> <div class="content" readonly="true"> <div class="text">This topic is all about proteins which are the most diverse of molecules. They are built from just twenty amino acids and show a huge variety of forms, from spider's silk to insulin hormones.</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-turquoise"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Key concepts</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>Learn and test your biological vocabulary for 2.4 Proteins using these flashcards.</p> <p><iframe frameborder="0" height="420" scrolling="no" src="https://quizlet.com/52100055/flashcards/embed" width="100%"><br> </iframe></p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-yellow"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Essentials</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>These slides summarise the essential understanding and skills in this topic. <br> They contain short explanations in text and images - good revision for all students.</p> <p>Read the slides and look up any words or details you find difficult to understand.</p> <div id="carousel-94" class="dynamic-gallery carousel slide" data-id="94"><div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"><div class="item active"><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img0.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-94" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img0.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img1.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-94" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img1.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img2.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-94" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img2.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img3.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-94" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img3.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img4.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-94" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img4.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img5.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-94" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img5.jpg"></a></div></div><a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-94" role="button" data-slide="prev"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-left"></i></a><a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-94" role="button" data-slide="next"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div><ol class="std-carousel-indicators"><li data-index="0"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img0-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="1"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img1-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="2"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img2-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="3"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img3-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="4"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img4-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="5"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-94/img5-thumb128.jpg"><li></li></ol> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>These slides summarise the essential understanding and skills in this topic. <br> They contain short explanations in text and images - great revision.</p> <p>Read the slides and look up any words or details you find difficult to understand.</p> <div id="carousel-210" class="dynamic-gallery carousel slide" data-id="210"><div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"><div class="item active"><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-1.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-1.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-2.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-2.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-3.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-3.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-4.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-4.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-5.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-5.jpg"></a></div></div><a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-210" role="button" data-slide="prev"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-left"></i></a><a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-210" role="button" data-slide="next"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div><ol class="std-carousel-indicators"><li data-index="0"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-1-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="1"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-2-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="2"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-3-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="3"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-4-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="4"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-5-thumb128.jpg"><li></li></ol> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-violet"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Summary</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <h3>Summary list for 2.4 Proteins</h3> <ul> <li class="liWithoutP">Amino acids are linked together by condensation reactions to form a dipeptides and polypeptides.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">Genes and mRNA strands code for 20 different amino acids which are built into polypeptides on ribosomes.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">Amino acids can be linked together in any sequence (coded for by genes) giving a huge range of possible polypeptides.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">A protein may be a single polypeptide or more than one polypeptide joined together.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">The three-dimensional shape of a protein is determined by the sequence of amino acids.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">Living organisms synthesise many different proteins with a wide range of functions (not structure)<br> e.g. Rubisco, insulin, immunoglobulins, rhodopsin, collagen & spider silk.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">Every individual has a unique proteome.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">Proteomics and the production of proteins by cells cultured in fermenters offer many opportunities for the food, pharmaceutical and other industries.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">Ability to draw molecular diagrams of peptide bond formation. <hr class="hidden-separator"></li> </ul> <h3>Mindmaps</h3> <p>These diagrams summarise the main sections of topic 2.4.<br> Test if you can draw something like these concept maps from memory.</p> <div id="carousel-95" class="dynamic-gallery carousel slide" data-id="95"><div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"><div class="item active"><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-95/24proteinspider.png" data-fancybox="gallery-95" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-95/24proteinspider.png"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-95/24proteinspiderlist.png" data-fancybox="gallery-95" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-95/24proteinspiderlist.png"></a></div></div><a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-95" role="button" data-slide="prev"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-left"></i></a><a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-95" role="button" data-slide="next"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div><ol class="std-carousel-indicators"><li data-index="0"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-95/24proteinspider-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="1"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-95/24proteinspiderlist-thumb128.jpg"><li></li></ol> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p><a id="ESQs" name="ESQs"></a>Exam style questions</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <h3>Exam style question about proteins</h3> <p>Understanding how amino acids are built into proteins is an important skill from this topic.</p> <p>Answer the question below on a piece of paper, then check your answer with the model answer below.</p> <div class="yellowBg"> <p><strong>Outline the formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids [4]</strong></p> <p><strong>....................................................................................... ............................................................................ </strong></p> <p><strong>....................................................................................... ............................................................................ </strong></p> <p><strong>....................................................................................... ............................................................................ </strong></p> <p><strong>....................................................................................... ............................................................................ </strong></p> <p><strong>.</strong></p> </div> <p>Click the + icon to see a model answer.</p> <button class="btn btn-xs bg-turquoise showhider"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-plus"></i></button><section class="hiddenbox hidden"> <h3>Model answer </h3> <div class="yellowBg"> <p><strong>Outline the formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids [4]</strong><br> <em>(Remember in an "outline" question to give a few details about each part of the process.)</em></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="color:#FF0000;">Amino acids have an amine group at one end and a carboxyl group at the other end.</span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="color:#FF0000;">The amine group binds to the carboxyl group during the formation of a peptide bond.</span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="color:#FF0000;">A water molecule is released as this is a condensation reaction.</span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="color:#FF0000;">A dipeptide molecule is formed from the two amino acids.</span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="color:#FF0000;">The C=O bonded to the N-H forms the peptide bond</span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/dipeptide_labelled.jpg" style="width: 350px; height: 219px;"></p> </div> </section> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-expandable panel-has-border panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Extra exam question about protein structure</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>This question tests the SL understanding of protein structure, note that there is more detail required for HL.</p> <div class="yellowBg"> <p>This image shows a model of the human insulin protein from the Protein Data Bank, a database maintained by the RCSB.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/insulin-1.png" style="width: 350px; height: 322px;"></p> <p><strong>Describe the structure of the Human insulin protein, visible in this model. [3]</strong></p> <p><strong>....................................................................................... ............................................................................ </strong></p> <p><strong>....................................................................................... ............................................................................ </strong></p> <p><strong>....................................................................................... ............................................................................ </strong></p> <p><strong>....................................................................................... ............................................................................ </strong></p> </div> <p> Click the + icon to see a model answer.</p> <button class="btn btn-xs bg-turquoise showhider"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-plus"></i></button><section class="hiddenbox hidden"> <h3>Model answer</h3> <div class="yellowBg"> <p><strong>Describe the feature of structure of the Human insulin protein which are visible in this model. [3]</strong></p> <ul> <li class="liWithoutP"><span style="color:#FF0000;">Amino acids can be linked together in any sequence to make a polypeptide.</span></li> <li class="liWithoutP"><span style="color:#FF0000;">There are many amino acids (about 40 amino acids) in the human insulin protein.</span></li> <li class="liWithoutP"><span style="color:#FF0000;">The insulin protein is made from two polypeptides joined together.</span></li> <li class="liWithoutP"><span style="color:#FF0000;">The sequence of amino acids causes the 3D shape of the protein.</span></li> <li class="liWithoutP"><span style="color:#FF0000;">The shape of insulin protein molecules allows them to function as a hormone. </span></li> <li class="liWithoutP"><span style="color:#FF0000;">HL - spiral structures of each polypeptide are alpha-helices (which is a 2° structure).</span></li> <li class="liWithoutP"><span style="color:#FF0000;">HL - the way these helices and the two polypeptides form a 3D shape is 3° structure.</span></li> </ul> </div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-green"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Test yourself</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <h3>Multiple choice questions</h3> <p>This is a self marking quiz containing questions covering the topic outlined above.<br> Try the questions to check your understanding.</p> <br><a class="btn btn-primary btn-block text-center" data-toggle="modal" href="#8e463eca"><i class="fa fa-play"></i> START QUIZ!</a><div class="modal fade modal-slide-quiz" id="8e463eca"> <div class="modal-dialog" style="width: 95vw; max-width: 960px"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header slide-quiz-title"> <h4 class="modal-title" style="width: 100%;"> 2.4 Proteins <strong class="q-number pull-right"> <span class="counter">1</span>/<span class="total">1</span> </strong> </h4> </div> <div class="modal-body p-xs-3"> <div class="slide-quiz" data-stats="5-222-601" style="opacity: 0"> <div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Apart from the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, what are the elements most commonly found in proteins?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Phosphorous</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Water</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Sulfur & Chlorine</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Nitrogen & sulfur</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Proteins and their amino acids are made from Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen and Nitrogen. A few amino acids also contain sulfur.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What type of molecule is formed from amino acids by a single condensation reaction?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> A protein.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> An amino acid.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> A dipeptide.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> A polypeptide.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Condensation reactions join the -OH of the carboxyl group to the NH- of an amine group. <br>This forms a peptide bond and a dipeptide.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Proteins are made from long chains of amino acids.</p><p>One example is the hormone insulin.</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/insulin.png" style="width: 150px; height: 184px;"></p><p>Which part of a cell determines the order of the amino acids in the protein Insulin?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> DNA in the nucleus</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The ribosomes</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Enzymes in the cytoplasm</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The cytoplasm</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The Primary structure of proteins (the order of the sequence of the amino acids in the polypeptide chain) is determined by genes in the nucleus. (i.e. DNA)</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What type of bonds mostly hold together the 3D shape of a protein?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Peptide bonds.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Covalent bonds.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Hydrogen bonds.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Double bonds</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Hydrogen bonds hold the 3D shape of proteins together.<br>This is a weaker bond than covalent bonds, so heat and extremes of pH can denature enzymes.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The function of a protein depends upon its shape. </p><p>Structural proteins often have a specific shape.</p><p>Which of the following proteins are most likely to have a structural function?</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/protein_qn.png" style="width: 350px; height: 303px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio" style=" float: left; margin-right: 40px; "><input type="radio"> B & D</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> C only</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> B only</label></p><p><label class="radio" style=" float: left; margin-right: 40px; "><input type="radio"> D</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>B is collagen - the most common protein in humans, it makes up bone, tendons, skin and many more structures.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question">In multicellular organisms the cells differentiate and become specialised.<br>What effect does the process of differentiation have on the proteome and the genome of the cells?</div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The proteomes do not change but the genomes change.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The genomes and proteomes of the cells do not change.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Both the genomes and proteomes would change.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> The genomes of the cells do not change, but the proteomes change.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Although the genomes of cells in an organism are almost exactly the same the proteome of a cell depends on the expression of specific genes, and can be quite different from tissue to tissue.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer slide-quiz-actions"> <div class=""> <div class="pull-left pull-xs-none mb-xs-3"> <button class="btn btn-default d-xs-none btn-prev"> <i class="fa fa-arrow-left"></i> Prev </button> </div> <div class="pull-right pull-xs-none"> <button class="btn btn-success btn-xs-block text-xs-center btn-results" style="display: none"> <i class="fa fa-bar-chart"></i> Check Results </button> <button class="btn btn-default d-xs-none btn-next"> Next <i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i> </button> <button class="btn btn-default btn-xs-block text-xs-center btn-close" data-dismiss="modal" style="display: none"> Close </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <hr> <h3>Drag and drop activities</h3> <p>Test your ability to construct biological explanations using the drag and drop questions below.</p> <div class="tib-quiz" data-stats="5-830-601"><p><strong>Examples of protein function.</strong></p><p>Drag and drop the correct term into the gap to describe protein function in living systems.</p><div class="label label-default q-number">1</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p> </p><p class="gap-drop"> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">glucose</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">UV</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">Enzymes</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">amino acid</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">Melanin</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">Immunoglobulins</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">control</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">lowers</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">functions</span> </p></div><div class="q-answer"><p>Proteins are macromolecules of <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="amino acid"> <span class="review"></span> monomers. They perform many cellular <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="functions"> <span class="review"></span> , examples of which are:</p><p> <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="Enzymes"> <span class="review"></span> , such as catalase, that catalyse biological reactions and <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="control"> <span class="review"></span> metabolic pathways.</p><p> <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="Melanin"> <span class="review"></span> , a pigment involved in human skin colour and protection angainst <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="UV"> <span class="review"></span> light waves.</p><p>Insulin, a hormone that <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="lowers"> <span class="review"></span> blood <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="glucose"> <span class="review"></span> level.</p><p> <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="Immunoglobulins"> <span class="review"></span> that act as antibodies to counteract pathogens.</p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p><em>Explanation/Examiner hint. You need to know examples of protein function. These examples reoccur throughout the syllabus content.</em><em> Other examples include spider silk, collagen, actin and myosin.</em></p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="totals"><span class="score"></span><button class="btn btn-success btn-block text-center check-total"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><hr> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-fucsia"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Just for fun</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>This is a little bit of fun, but it's still revision. <a href="http://quizlet.com/52100055/match" target="_blank">Proteins card match game.</a> Can you make the leader board?</p> <ul> </ul> <p style="text-align: center"><iframe height="500" src="https://quizlet.com/52100055/match/embed?i=xxmo&x=1jj1" style="border:0" width="100%"></iframe></p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <ul> </ul> <div class="page-container panel-self-assessment" data-id="601"> <div class="panel-heading">MY PROGRESS</div> <div class="panel-body understanding-rate"> <div class="msg"></div> <label class="label-lg">Self-assessment</label><p>How much of <strong>Proteins 2.4</strong> have you understood?</p><div class="slider-container text-center"><div id="self-assessment-slider" class="sib-slider self-assessment " data-value="1" data-percentage=""></div></div> <label class="label-lg">My notes</label> <textarea name="page-notes" class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Write your notes here..."></textarea> </div> <div class="panel-footer text-xs-center"> <span id="last-edited" class="mb-xs-3"> </span> <div class="actions mt-xs-3"> <button 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