File "SL-paper1.html"

Path: /IB QUESTIONBANKS/5 Fifth Edition - PAPER/HTML/Math AA/Topic 5/SL-paper1html
File size: 564.65 KB
MIME-type: text/html
Charset: utf-8

 
Open Back
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>


<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>IB Questionbank</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="css/application-02ef852527079acf252dc4c9b2922c93db8fde2b6bff7c3c7f657634ae024ff1.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="css/print-6da094505524acaa25ea39a4dd5d6130a436fc43336c0bb89199951b860e98e9.css">
<script src="js/application-9717ccaf4d6f9e8b66ebc0e8784b3061d3f70414d8c920e3eeab2c58fdb8b7c9.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" async src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML-full"></script>
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js'></script>
<![endif]-->
<meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token">
<meta name="csrf-token" content="iHF+M3VlRFlNEehLVICYgYgqiF8jIFlzjGNjIwqOK9cFH3ZNdavBJrv/YQpz8vcspoICfQcFHW8kSsHnJsBwfg==">
<link href="favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon">

</head>
<body class="teacher questions-show">
<div class="navbar navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="navbar-inner">
<div class="container">
<div class="brand">
<div class="inner"><a href="http://ibo.org/">ibo.org</a></div>
</div>
<ul class="nav">
<li>
<a href="../../../../../../../index.html">Home</a>
</li>
<!-- - if current_user.is_language_services? && !current_user.is_publishing? -->
<!-- %li= link_to "Language services", tolk_path -->
</ul>
<ul class="nav pull-right">
<li class="dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">
Help
<b class="caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/video_tour?locale=en">Video tour</a></li>
<li><a href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/instructions?locale=en">Detailed instructions</a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" href="https://ibanswers.ibo.org/">IB Answers</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://06082010.xyz">IB Documents (2) Team</a>
</li></ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="page-content container">
<div class="row">
<div class="span24">

<div class="pull-right screen_only"><a class="btn btn-small btn-info" href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/updates?locale=en">Updates to Questionbank</a></div>
<p class="muted language_chooser">
User interface language:
<a href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/en/users/set_user_locale?new_locale=en">English</a>
|
<a href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/en/users/set_user_locale?new_locale=es">Español</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>

<div class="page-header">
<div class="row">
<div class="span16">
<p class="back-to-list">
</p>
</div>
<div class="span8" style="margin: 0 0 -19px 0;">
<img style="width: 100%;" class="qb_logo" src="https://mirror.ibdocs.top/qb.png" alt="Ib qb 46 logo">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>SL Paper 1</h2><div class="specification">
<p>The function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> is defined for all&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi></math>. The line with equation <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></math> is the tangent to&nbsp;the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math> is defined for all <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi></math> where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>g</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced></mrow></mfenced></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>′</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>)</mo></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>)</mo></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>)</mo></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence find the equation of the tangent to the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi></math> at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g\left( x \right) = {p^x} + q">
  <mi>g</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>p</mi>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mi>q</mi>
</math></span>, for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x{\text{, }}p{\text{, }}q \in \mathbb{R}{\text{, }}p > 1">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>,&nbsp;</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mi>p</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>,&nbsp;</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mi>q</mi>
  <mo>∈<!-- ∈ --></mo>
  <mrow>
    <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>,&nbsp;</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mi>p</mi>
  <mo>&gt;</mo>
  <mn>1</mn>
</math></span>. The point&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{A}}\left( {0{\text{, }}a} \right)">
  <mrow>
    <mtext>A</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mrow>
      <mn>0</mn>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>,&nbsp;</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mi>a</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>&nbsp;lies on the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g">
  <mi>g</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<p>Let&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right) = {g^{ - 1}}\left( x \right)">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>g</mi>
      <mrow>
        <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
        <mn>1</mn>
      </mrow>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.&nbsp;The point <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{B}}">
  <mrow>
    <mtext>B</mtext>
  </mrow>
</math></span> lies on the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> and is the reflection of point <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{A}}">
  <mrow>
    <mtext>A</mtext>
  </mrow>
</math></span> in the line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = x">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{L_1}">
  <mrow>
    <msub>
      <mi>L</mi>
      <mn>1</mn>
    </msub>
  </mrow>
</math></span> is tangent to the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{B}}">
  <mrow>
    <mtext>B</mtext>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the coordinates of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{B}}"> <mrow> <mtext>B</mtext> </mrow> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Given that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f'\left( a \right) = \frac{1}{{{\text{ln}}\,p}}"> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mrow> <mtext>ln</mtext> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </math></span>, find the equation of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{L_1}"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></span> <strong>in terms of</strong> <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span>, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mi>p</mi> </math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="q"> <mi>q</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{L_2}"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></span> is tangent to the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g"> <mi>g</mi> </math></span> at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{A}}"> <mrow> <mtext>A</mtext> </mrow> </math></span> and has equation <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = \left( {{\text{ln}}\,p} \right)x + q + 1"> <mi>y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mtext>ln</mtext> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </math></span>.</p>
<p>The line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{L_2}"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></span> passes through the point <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\left( { - 2{\text{, }} - 2} \right)"> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mtext>, </mtext> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </math></span>.</p>
<p>The gradient of the normal to <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g"> <mi>g</mi> </math></span> at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{A}}"> <mrow> <mtext>A</mtext> </mrow> </math></span> is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{1}{{{\text{ln}}\left( {\frac{1}{3}} \right)}}"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mrow> <mtext>ln</mtext> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </math></span>.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Find the equation of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{L_1}"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></span> in terms of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[7]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Consider the functions&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math>, for&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8800;</mo><mn>4</mn></math>, and&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></math>&nbsp;for&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi></math>.</p>
<p>The following diagram shows the graphs of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math>.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The graphs of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math> intersect at points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>A</mtext></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>B</mtext></math>. The coordinates of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>A</mtext></math> are <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>In the following diagram, the shaded region is enclosed by the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>, the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math>,&nbsp;the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis, and the line <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>k</mi></math>, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8484;</mi></math>.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZwAAAFACAYAAACIvcptAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsMAAA7DAcdvqGQAACEySURBVHhe7d0LdBXVof/xX6m3vZIUFHm/g8RIKIioiAk+UAE1iJHWChJZXAqUiqbF6t8q6lpXoGqvF1qqxX9LWwq0gi00fxSXioivUAQNLxMbEiCEVwQJkJuIel3xf/ZkHwg5CSQh52Qe389aWcyecyzakPmyZ/aZ+cbXIQIAIMpa2F8BAIgqggMAiAmCAwCICYIDAIgJ/wenJEuTundV99BXn6lZ2l9pdlaq7K3H1eemecopd3YAAKLM/8HpmK4FxZu16O6eqng7R9udwLRQ/MXX6g7tUDHBAYCYCMgptfN08RUDpIpSHf2sKjAt2ndVr8TL1bf9Oc4YABBdAQnOOWrbvZfaqEC79n8eGn+p/Sv/op3fu1mJXMUCgJgI5uG2fIv+nnOFpl7T1u4AAERbYIJzTudeulwHlFu8Uzl/fEvdp45QZ2Y3ABAzATvkfqG9L/9OWd3v1KjO37L7AACxEJzgtO2uvm1Cv3a+XfeM6h7Qc4kA0HyCc9z9rEyfdp+mX/yfoepIbQAg5oJxt+jK/Xrr2ZelH0zQdR05lQYAzcHHwTmqnLn/oXElIzU7bq/K7pyuCUmt7GsAgFjz8cmlr1T26SFVbNmtFmOJDQA0Nx7ABgCICS6fAwBiguAAAGKC4AAAYoLgAABiIlDB2bJli/bt22dH8IPS0lKtW7fOjgBpyZIlzs96czMPfcSpAhMcE5pbb03TrFmz7B74weHDh/Xyyy/bEYJu/vz5+v3vf6e2bbkTvBsFJjjh0JgDVFZWlrMNwD9MbJYufUF//esL6tKli90LNwlEcN54Y7Xy8nKd7RkzZigz817nVAwAfyA23uD74JiwzJw5U/Pm/cYZX3LJJZo27T4988wzzhiAtxEb7/B9cExYUlOHOKEJy8zMVHb2e87MB4B3ERtv8XVwzEoVE5YHHnjA7qly7rnn6rHHHnNmPsePH7d7AXgJsfEeXwenoqLCOZXWpo158tqpbrxxmCZPnsK1HMCDiI03+To4KSkpp5xKqykjI4M/rIDHEBvv8v01HAD+QWy8jeDA0xITE7VkySI7gp8RG+8jOABcj9j4A8EB4GrExj8IDgDXIjb+QnAAuBKx8R+CA8B1iI0/ERwArkJs/IvgwPMGD07hjhE+QWz8jeDAAypVXrBacycNcp6i2GdqlvZX2pdCevfu7TznCN5GbPyP4MDlQrHJ/4t+OmqGcof8SR+tmaXEt3O0vbxaceB5xCYYCA7crbJAf39wlrJH/1JzJvRVq8QJWvnxE7quFX90/YLYBAc/tXCxMuUvmqunN1+uhyYMViu7F/5BbIKF4MCdSrI0qXuyhj3+sir0th6/4QFllXxlXzxVt27ddOjQITuCVxCb4CE4cKeO6VpQtEZPDIhT3N1L9FHxs0rveI598VSdOnXSwYMH7QheQGyCieDAvcoPqKDg20q94kJOp/kIsQkuggOXqlRZzptaUdFPQ/q2s/vgdcQm2AgOXOozFW56XxVxF6pnh2/ZfbVr37698vPz7QhuRWxAcOBOlfu0dW2R4kZfr4FnWALdrl07HTt2zI7gRsQGBsGBOx38WO9tbqfRw77L9RuPIzYIIzhwoUqV/StH2XHXa9jANnbf6R05csRuwU2IDaojOHChUuWsflOqx+k0IzExUatWvWRHcAtig5oIDtyn7COtXtGDuwt4GLFBbQgO3KF8o+bedKvmbszXW8/8Wh9O+am+n/jv9sX6OX78uN1CcyI2qAvBgTu07KCEnp9o7vfu1pK2D2rhT65QvH2pPjIyxmvv3r12hOZCbHA6BAfu0KK70p/foOLiDVqQmaKO/Mn0HGKDM+HHGr7QunVrbuDZjIgN6oPgwBeSkpK4gWczITaoL4ID3ygvL7dbqPKlSnKyTjya+9SvcVpY8Ll9X+MRGzQEwYEv9O3bV3l5eXYE59HcOc9rQvpDeq3DI1qTV6zivH9oenKcNGCW1hT9RRMauAqwJmKDhiI4gC+V6oPlLyov7k79/KFRSowP/ai3bKXzzX1Q25+n75zlTz6xQWMQHPjCBRdcoOzs9+wIJx3T0fKvQhOeEm189pd6enOypt9znTraVxuD2KCxCA58oU2bNtq1a6cdQWqra+77pR5I/acyB/dS956Xa/zWvnoya75+MvA8+56GIzY4GwQHvjF4cIr27dtnR2jRvpeu6n+VbnniNeUV79XHC+5X+sCOjf6hJzY4WwQHvtG7d2999tlndhR0lSp757caP7+1xozu06C7NtSG2KApEBz4Rrdu3bR7d5EdwVHxR43/7mBNmrtUWW8VqDELx01stm7dqldffY3Y4KwQHPhGp06dVF5eYUdBVqb8hZnK2HSrNhbvVXHeX5SR8C0dXX2/kvv8RFn7v7TvO7NwbObMmaNzzz3X7gUah+DAN9q3b6/8/Hw7Cq7KghV68HFp4thLq06lxSfquvTRmjD7t5qX+qFe3vCJ874zITZoagQHvtGuXTsdO3bMjoJutZ7/zcsqKK+sGlaWKGfx83o++zKNHNShat9pEBtEwze+DrHbvmdu6VFczC3s/co8DycpKZHvsXNLm1f0wm9/obmv77f7Omv49AeVMXKErks8/WPtiE3T4HgTieDAV8z3OD+/gANlIxGbpsPxJhKn1OArPIit8YgNoo3gwFd4Lk7jEBvEAsGBr/BcnIYjNogVggNfSUhI0IYNG+wIZ0JsEEsEB77Stm1bFRYW2hFOh9gg1ggOfMXcemX9+nV2hLoQGzQHggPfSUu7VQUFBXaEmogNmgvBge/07NmTm3jWgdigOREc+I5ZqVZSUr/7hQUJsUFzIzjwnb59+yovL8+OYBAbuAHBge907dpVS5YssiMQG7gFwYHvmINqQkIvHjcdQmzgJgQHvpSaOkS7d++2o2AiNnAbggNfGjRokHbu3GlHwUNs4EYEB74U5IUDxAZuRXDgS0FdOEBs4GYEB75kDrZBu+MAsYHbERz4Vv/+/ZWbm2tH/kZs4AUEB751ySWXKD8/3478i9jAKwgOfOviiy/WK6+ssiN/IjbwEoID32rTpo06dOjo2w+AEht4DcGBrw0dOlQff+y/5dHEBl5EcOBr5jrOhx/m2JE/EBt4FcGBr/ntOg6xgZcRHPha+DqOHz6PQ2zgdQQHvjdq1Ci9//77duRNxAZ+QHDge/369VN2drYdeQ+xgV8QHPieWTiwatVLKi0ttXu8g9jATwgOAmHatPuUk/OhHXkDsYHfEBwEwtVXX+2p5dHEBn5EcBAIl156qZ577jc6fvy43eNexAZ+RXAQCObAbU6rbdq0ye5xJ2IDPyM4CAxzWu3dd9+1I/chNvA7goPAcPNpNWKDICA4CIzwabXs7PfsHncgNggKgoNAMafVli9fYUfNj9ggSAgOAiUlJUV5ebmueEYOsUHQEBwEzpgxY7Vy5Uo7ah7EBkFEcBA45maeS5e+0GyLB4gNgorgIHC6dOmi1NQhzfKZHGKDICM4CKSRI0fqV7/6lR3FBrFB0BEcBJJZPGDE6sFsxAYgOAiwKVMm609/+pMdRQ+xAaoQHASWuY5jPgQazVkOsQFOIjgILBOA6dPvj9osh9gApyI4CLQRI0ZEZZZDbIBIBAeBZmLw2GOPNeksh9gAtSM4CLwbbxymwsJCrVu3zu5pPGID1I3gACGzZ8/Www///KzuPkBsgNMjOEBIYmKibrklTcuXL7d7GobYAGdGcABr8uTJ+v3vf9fgBQTEBqgfggNYbdq00ZNPPqUZM2bU+9QasQHqj+DAp/Yoa1J/de/etdavPpPmaMVbBSq37w4zt7y57LLLNG/ePLunbsQGaBiCA5/qpvQFW1W0ZpYGqI2Gz/uniov3hr6KlbfmT5qipfrp+HF6IKtYlfafCMvMzFRRUZHeeGO13ROJ2AANR3Dgay2+c57a2+0qLRSfOEw/eeieUIj265U/vqkdNYpjAvLoo49q5syZtS6VJjZA4xAcBFKLDj3VL84OamGembNgwR80ZswPtGjRIic85roOsQEaj+AgeMrzlfX0f2txRWfdMvF6XVjHT4FZKj1x4qTQbOcRJzxXXHG589A2YgM0DsFBAJTq9cyrTi4aSL5BmYs3Ke7uX+qX6d1P+0Owdu2bdksqKzum2267jdgAjURwEADVFw3sVdGGlZo3fYS0OENXTlqs/PKaywZO6tCho92q8s4779gtAA1FcBA4LToOVPr0pzX/7p6qeH2WHvx7QcRKtbABAwYoLq7qYs/48RO0Y8cOTZgwQaWlpc4+APVHcIA6PPfcc84Cgfnz/6+WLfub0tLS9LOf/UwJCT11yy03Kycnx74TQH0QHPhYpcr3F2uvHZ1QWaKcxXP11OIiKe4mTRyeEPGDYGLz7rvvaurUqfr2t79t91YZPnyEpk27N/Taj7RgwYKzuuEnECTf+DrEbvueuWBszuEjCMydBtKU+Xpdp746a/j0B5UxcoSuS2xl91U5XWyqKysr09KlL+jTTz/Vf/3XM7r44ovtKwDHm9oQHKCa+samug8+2KjFixfrhz+cpPHjx7OKDQ6ON5E4pQZYjYmNcfnlV2jmzFnatm2brrvuWr399tv2FQDVMcMBQhobm5rMk0MXL16kiy5K0r333stptgDjeBOJGQ4Cr6liY/Tu3Vv/+Z9PhA423XT33RnOow4OHTpkXwWCjeAg0JoyNtVdffU1zkKC1q1bOUuon3rqScKDwCM4CKxoxSbM/G+a8MyaNVtHjhxxwjN79mzt3LnTvgMIFoKDQIp2bKpr1aqV0tNvd2Y8//Zv5+gHP7hD06bdU+ujDwA/Y9EAAieWsanNF198oYKCAv3tby/qm9/8piZNmqwRI0YoPj7evgN+wPEmEsFBoDR3bGrau3eP3n77Ha1cmaW77hqnUaNucx5zDe/jeBOJ4CAw3Bab6sxdC7Zvz9dLL72ko0ePaty4cUpLG+mseoM3cbyJRHAQCG6OTU1mNdumTTnKzs5WixYtdPPNNxMfD+J4E4ngwPe8FJuaasbHrHobOnQop908gONNJIIDX/NybGoy8fnXvz7Whg0bQ1/rNWbMWF155WBdeuml6tWrl30X3ILjTSSCA9/yU2xqMtd8iouLVVhYoDVr1jizn9tuS9fll1+uPn36hP6sd7fvRHPheBOJ4MCX/Byb2pjZz+7dRcrP36716//pBOiGG27UoEGDdNFFF6lv3772nYgVjjeRCA58J2ixqY0J0CeffOLMgHbs2Omcgrv66mudaz8XX5wU+uqjLl262HcjGjjeRCI48BViUzvzYdNDhw5q165doZ+BPc4SbHM96NZbR4V+Lno4p+HMTKhHjx48z6eJcLyJRHDgG8SmYapH6PDhwzp48KDWrHlDnTp1dhYjmNNwZhaUlJSkrl27EqIG4ngTieDAF4hN0zGn47744vOIEBnp6aN1/vnnO8/56datmzp06KALLrhAbdq0cV7HSRxvIhEceB6xiY3wjOjo0WM6cqQ09LO0RxUV5SdiNGDAQCUkJIS+ejqzJBOkdu3aqWXLloG8XsTxJhLBgacRG/cw94UzzMzICAfJLF746KNtzj4zQzI3LO3Ro7sTJfM9C6+g81uYON5EIjjwLGLjLeEZklFSUqLjx487X0VFRaEInaNt27bqwIH9zutmttSzZ0/ncQ5Vp+46Ot/jjh07OrOmsMTERLvlPhxvIhEceBKx8bfwdSQjHCcjPGsynzMy+957711nvxGOVFivXglOqMLat28XOgb0sKMq0QwWx5tIBAeeQ2xQm+qRMqqHygjHKux//qfc+XxSTTffnGa3qpxzzjedzy3FxcXZPSeZ2Vdtq/fMacM777yD400NBAeeQmwQTdVP+1VXM15hH3/8sd06VV0xCxs8OOWMd/9OTk6u10P52rdvf8ppxvporlORBAeeQWzgJaeb4ZSWljpLzk/H3KqovLzCjup24MAB7dlTtWCjPo4cOaJVq16yo/pZs2Ztk0SK4MATiA28hlNqkVrYXwHXIjaAPxAcuBqxAfyD4MC1iA3gLwQHrvTrX/+a2AA+Q3DgOiY22dnvERvAZwgOXCUcm3vumUZsAJ8hOHANYgP4G8GBKxAbwP8IDpodsQGCgeCgWREbIDhqvbVNVlaW3dKJhyNV59VHynJrG3chNvAzbm0T6YzB2bBhg906yRwkdu3aaUdV0tJudZ51Hta6dWslJSXZkRQfH6cePU4+q6I5okVw3IPYwO8ITqQmu3lnQUGB3apink1x8ODJ23zXvKPpkiWL7FaVjIzxdksaNGiQ3ZLzjHTz6FnjbO9WSnDcgdggCAhOJFfcLbr6rbo/++yzE89ELy8vV15enrNd/ZbaCQm9lJo6xNk2D0Dq1KmTsx0+/de1a9daH4pEcJofsUFQEJxIrghOQ1UPVG5urvNreAZVPUzhhxyFT+9lZt7rPNfBcPOz0P2K2CBICE4kTwanvvbt2+fMmMIPMjLBMafuCgsLtX79Ouc9ZhwOUvjJeV5dFOFmxAZBQ3Ai+To4NdU8pRaeKYWDlJ+fr2PHjp24vlRbjJgZNRyxQRARnEiBDs7pmOeX792790SMzGq98MwofKrOLG4wIerRo4e6dOli/0lUR2wQVAQnEsFpBLMiL7wKr3qIzNLw/v37h2ZBvZ0l4EGfDREbBBnBiURwmkj1GVFBQaG2bt3qLF6oHqE+fZIDMxMiNgg6ghOJ4ESZmQ2ZCH34YU7o60NnJmSuDZnTcWYZd11LuL2M2AAEpzYEJ8bMQgWzfHvbtm2hg3L2iVlQamqqrrzySs+fhiM2QBWCE4ngNDNzKm779u2nBMjMgK6/fqjnTsERG+AkghOJ4LiMCdCmTZu0ZcsWLV36gjp06KhRo0apX79+uuSSS+y73IfYAKciOJEIjsuZD6+uXbtWK1eu1CeflGjMmLFKSUlxVXyIDRCJ4ETieTguZ06pZWRk6MUXX9Q//pHlrHZ7/vnnde2112j+/PlOkJoTsQGCao+yJvV3/iLfZ2qW9ldKlSXrNG/SoNC+EZqbU27fdxIzHI+qPvMxpkyZ7NzQNJYr3ogNULdgzHAqVZ7zrL6f/r7GZP1IZcv3aMTDY5UUX/tchhmOR1Wf+cyYMcNZdp2UlBizWQ+xAWASEj/wdk0dvk2Pj1uu7tPuqDM2BsHxAXM956GHHtLmzVudRzXcdddYPfLIIxHPKGoqxAbASe3Ud0g/KXWoBnf+lt1XO4LjI+YO1+np6Xr77Xc0cuRIZ+bT1OEhNgBqlZ2jf5VV2kHtCI5PmZVs5nRbU4aH2ACoqXL/ai0u6KrhelOrc0rt3toRHJ8Lh8d8kHTSpB8613jMZ30aitgAiFCeq0XPHVD6wz9Txuhva1vRYX21/yU9sThftc11CE5A3HjjML366mv6zne+o5tuGqE33lhtXzkzYgPgFJX5WjgqSd2/v0znTRijgfFtNXBYqgoev1tT/36BpoxLqjUuLIsOIHNqzZxmu+yyy5SZmXnapdTEBmgcry2LNmc+ov2xCmY4AWRuEPrnP/9ZrVq1cmY7dS2jJjZAcJhjgbnWa24wHC0EJ6DM32R+/OMf68knn9JVV12pdevW2VeqEBsgWMydTIzbb09v0Cn3huCUGpxTbBMn/ofzeZ6VK/+fUlKG6H//90vdd18msQEayat3GjA3Ds7MvE/JyX316KOPNukd65nhwDnFlpaW5sTGWLfuPef5PMQGCB7zF0+zwMg8qdic/cjKqpr5NIVGz3DMbAEA4H/mLibmg+Vni1NqcJip86JFC+1I+utfl2rIkCF2BKChvHy8MbOauXPn6JZb0jR58uQmiY1BcOB8GHTr1q265557tGPHDn39daVeeGGps5ItlnefBvzEi8cbs2J11qxZysvL1bx5v2ny525xDSfgwrGZM2eO81RRcy+2228fraFDh+r++++37wLgd0uWLHGu2Zjrt+YaTjQe8khwAqx6bGrOZCZMmOD8av4QAvA/M7tZs2at89iTaJ3Z4JRaQJ0uNmHmA2BmTX40ptaA33G8icQMJ4DqExvDXCg0sTFr8qP56WMAwUBwAqa+sQkzM5vJk6fomWeesXsAoHEIToA0NDZh5pzukSNHmvQDYACCh+AExOlj86nemjFE3W+ap5zy2p/YZz6nk5l5b503+gSAMyE4AXCmmU3l/ve0dEWRlPeiln9Q+7Uacz+lefOe1XPPPWf3AEDDEByfO/NptM+14/UsFaXeqGQVacXqj1RmX6nJfEansLAw4s7SAFAfBMfH6nXNpmy9Fj79vxrz4MOaektnVaz4h97c/6V9MdLs2bP18MM/b9RjqgEEG8HxqfotEKhUWc6bWnXtHRqemKjrx9ykuIpX9cfXd9X6PHLD3Fna3F9p+fLldg8A1A/B8aH6xSakskAr5mQrbcwQdW7RQq0GXq/RcRXavOKf2lFXcULMzfweeeTnfDYHQIMQHJ+pd2xCc5jyza9pqe7WhGvaVu1qNUDfm3KFtHmBFr7zadW+WpgPhD788AwtW7bM7gGAM+PWNj5S/9gYZil0usYvLrLjU8XdvUTvz75Orey4JjO7GTCgf5M9JwPwG25tE4kZjk80LDbmbNrLmrPiei36qNj5oTjxVbRGTwyIU8WKN5VTVvd5NWY5ABqK4PhAQ2Oj8lwtevq3Kp6SriGtavwRaHGhbpo4TKpYpqeeXqmCOj4Iatx555168snZXMsBUC8Ex+MaHJuvcjR3yAg9/vp+lc4dpV6TslRiXwq9qJKsn2pQprmFTYXyFt+rG5IzlVXyVdXLNYRnOa+88ordAwB14xqOhzU4NlFgbnVz111jnQc2Nde/A+BGXMOJxAzHo9wQG8Pc8iY1dYg2bdpk9wBA7QiOB7klNmEjR47U4sWL7QgAakdwPMZtsTFSUlKUl5fLnaQBnBbB8RA3xiZszJixWrt2rR0BQCSC4xFujo0xatQorVy50o4AIBLB8QC3x8YwiweMgoIC51cAqInguJwXYhNmZjnvv/++HQHAqQiOi3kpNsbQoUM5rQagTgTHpbwWGyN8Wo3VagBqQ3BcyIuxCTOznI0bN9oRAJxEcFzGy7ExzGdyXnvtNTsCgJMIjot4PTbGRRddpFWrXtLx48ftHgCoQnBcwg+xMcy/e0bGeG3fvt3uAYAqBMcF/BKbsEGDBmnbtm12BABVCE4z81tsjL59+yo7O9uOAKAKwWlGfoyNkZiYyHUcABEITjPxa2zCuI4DoCaC0wz8HhuD6zgAaiI4MRaE2BgJCQnKy8uzIwAgODEVlNgY5vM4S5YssiMAIDgxE6TYGOa/cfDgFO6rBuAEghMDQYtN2GWXXabdu3fbEYCgIzhRFtTYGElJSdq5c6cdAQg6ghNFQY6NYT4AysIBAGEEJ0qCHhuja9euLBwAcALBiQJiU8X8tyck9FJpaandAyDICE4TIzanSk0doj179tgRgCAjOE2I2ERKTk7Wrl277AhAkBGcJkJsaterVy/l5+fbEQB3+EolWfeqe/euoa8hmvHWp3Z/dBGcJkBs6tauXTsVFRXZEQB3OEcd0+fpo0UTFaceSuwSb/dHF8E5S8Tm9MxKNfOoAgBuU6qc1W+qYsAwpV7473ZfdBGcs0Bszsz8/8JKNcCFKg+raFuZBoy+ShfGqAQEp5GITf2ZlWqHDx+2IwC1q3Zdpc9PlLX/y1AUSrRx3g/VJ7RvwNyc0DuaTuWOf2rF5lbq12WHfj3AXMsJf92rrJKm/J1OIjiNQGwaplu3bsrNzbUjALUz11WeVXHePzS9x1r98fUPtPHZBcodMVcfF+/V5ukDQ+9oKp9rR/ZqbY67XsOuHK7Jy57U8DYjNH3eSm0oelbpHZvud6qO4DQQsWm4Tp06qby83I4AnFb8pRo79Rptfvyn+kP38Rqf1Mq+UNMeZU3qX21mUttXXbOVcu0r2K240SnqlL9AD8yt0I9ena/p6QPVMYpV+MbXIXbb98w3oDj0N4XGMM/nnzlzpo4cOUJsGmjLli1atmyZfvGLX9g9gP+dzfGmsmCh0m/4QBM3/Co6s42ytzTjygyt6NFXXfLaKmPNHzQhMfoLB5jh1IOJzf33309sGqlly5YqLCy0IwD1s1kb/3XUbjelSpXlvKkVFZdq9JRJShtQoPdyD9nXoovgnEE4NgaxaZzExEStX7/OjgCcVmWxVi4uUL/hX2rF6o9UZndHauwptS/1SdEOVbQZqu+NulnXDj1f2Rt3nOb3aToE5zSITdNhaTRQH2XKX7RIxek/00MZN0nbivTJV8XKemKpCirtW07opvQFW53TdnV/1bIAoHK3sld8oLi0gep9Tkv1vvRKaVWOCo/mK2vu7/RWyZf2jU2P4NSB2DQtlkYDp/O5ChaOC81IxmnReXdo4sA2ajXweo0ueFSjpr6iLlNGK7GJjtZVy6HbafSw76pVKAHO7/PFHI17YK26jJ2g6zp+y76z6bFooBbEpuk9/fTTuvrqq5WSkmL3AP5W3+NNkDDDqYHYRId53PTBgwftCEAQEZxqiE30xMfH6cCBA3YEIIgIjkVsoqtHj548iA0IOIITQmxig8/iAMEW+OAQm9jgszgAAh0cYhN75v9zAMEU2OAQm9jLyBivvXtZJgoEVSCDQ2wAIPYCFxxi03ySk5N5Lg4QYIELDrFpPvHx8XYLQBAFJjjVL1YTm+bBhz+BYAtEcDiN5g58+BMINt8Hp3psDGIDAM3D18GpObNB8+ratauWLFlkRwCCxrfB4TSa+/A9AILNl8EhNu7Fkz+B4PJdcIiNu/HkTyC4fBUcYgMA7uWb4BAbb+jWrZt27y6yIwBB4ovgEBvv6NSpk8rLK+wIQJB4PjjEBgC8wdPBITbek5CQoA0bNtgRgCDxbHCIjTe1bNnSbgEIGk8Gh9gAgPd4LjjExtu4vQ0QXJ4KDrHxPr5nQHB5JjjEBgC8zRPBITb+kpZ2qwoKCuwIQFC4PjjExn/OP/98uwUgSFwdHGIDAP7h2uAQG/9KTk5Wbm6uHQEIClcGh9j4W3x8vN0CECSuCw6xAQB/clVwiE0wtG/fXvn5+XYEIChcExxiExzt2rXTsWPH7AhAULgiOMQGAPyv2YNDbILH3DG6sLDQjgAERbMGh9gEU5cuXbR+/To7AhAUzRYcYgMAwdIswSE2ABA8MQ8OsYHBDTyB4IlpcIgNwriBJxA8MQsOsQGAYItJcIgNamrdurUOHTpkRwCCIOrBITaoTVJSkg4ePGhHAIIgqsEhNgCAsKgFh9gAAKqLSnCIDc6EO0YDwROV4CxcuND5ldigLtwxGgieb3wdYrcBAIiaqK9SAwDAIDgAgJggOACAmCA4AICYIDgAgJggOACAmCA4AICYIDgAgBiQ/j/xRaJIAcUmaAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="></p>
<p>The area of the shaded region can be written as <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>ln</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>+</mo><mn>8</mn></math>, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8484;</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the coordinates of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>B</mtext></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi></math> and the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[10]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The following table shows the probability distribution of a discrete random variable <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="A">
  <mi>A</mi>
</math></span>, in terms of an angle <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\theta ">
  <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2017-08-11_om_09.10.36.png" alt="M17/5/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ1/10"></p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\cos \theta  = \frac{3}{4}"> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>3</mn> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Given that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\tan \theta  &gt; 0"> <mi>tan</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </math></span>, find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\tan \theta "> <mi>tan</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>θ</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = \frac{1}{{\cos x}}"> <mi>y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </math></span>, for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="0 &lt; x &lt; \frac{\pi }{2}"> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </math></span>. The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y"> <mi>y</mi> </math></span>between <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x = \theta "> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>θ</mi> </math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x = \frac{\pi }{4}"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mi>π</mi> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> </math></span> is rotated 360° about the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span>-axis. Find the volume of the solid formed.</p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\theta ">
  <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>
</math></span> be an <strong>obtuse</strong> angle such that&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{sin}}\,\theta&nbsp; = \frac{3}{5}">
  <mrow>
    <mtext>sin</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
  <mi>θ<!-- θ --></mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mn>3</mn>
    <mn>5</mn>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Let&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right) = {{\text{e}}^x}\,{\text{sin}}\,x - \frac{{3x}}{4}">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>e</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>sin</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mn>3</mn>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mn>4</mn>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{tan}}\,\theta "> <mrow> <mtext>tan</mtext> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace> <mi>θ</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="L"> <mi>L</mi> </math></span> passes through the origin and has a gradient of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{tan}}\,\theta "> <mrow> <mtext>tan</mtext> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace> <mi>θ</mi> </math></span>. Find the equation of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="L"> <mi>L</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The following diagram shows the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mi>f</mi> </math></span>  for 0 ≤ <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span> ≤ 3. Line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="M"> <mi>M</mi> </math></span> is a tangent to the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mi>f</mi> </math></span> at point P.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Given that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="M"> <mi>M</mi> </math></span> is parallel to <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="L"> <mi>L</mi> </math></span>, find the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span>-coordinate of P.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A school café sells three flavours of smoothies: mango (<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="M">
  <mi>M</mi>
</math></span>), kiwi fruit (<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="K">
  <mi>K</mi>
</math></span>) and banana (<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="B">
  <mi>B</mi>
</math></span>).<br>85 students were surveyed about which of these three flavours they like.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 210px;">35 students liked mango, 37 liked banana, and 26 liked kiwi fruit<br>2 liked all three flavours<br>20 liked both mango and banana<br>14 liked mango and kiwi fruit<br>3 liked banana and kiwi fruit</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Using the given information, complete the following Venn diagram.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the number of surveyed students who did not like any of the three flavours.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>A student is chosen at random from the surveyed students.</p>
<p>Find the probability that this student likes kiwi fruit smoothies given that they like mango smoothies.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The diagram shows a circular horizontal board divided into six equal sectors. The sectors are labelled white (W), yellow (Y) and blue (B).</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>A pointer is pinned to the centre of the board. The pointer is to be spun and when it stops the colour of the sector on which the pointer stops is recorded. The pointer is equally likely to stop on any of the six sectors.</p>
<p>Eva will spin the pointer twice. The following tree diagram shows all the possible outcomes.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the probability that both spins are yellow.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the probability that at least one of the spins is yellow.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the probability that the second spin is yellow, given that the first spin is blue.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A particle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi></math> moves along the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis. The velocity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi></math> is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mo>&#8202;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mo>&#8202;</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> at time <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math> seconds,&nbsp;where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>t</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math> for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>0</mn><mo>&#8804;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&#8804;</mo><mn>3</mn></math>. When <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>P</mi></math> is at the origin <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math> when <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi></math> reaches its maximum velocity.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that the distance of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi></math> from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></math> at this time is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>88</mn><mn>27</mn></mfrac></math> metres.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch a graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi></math> against <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math>, clearly showing any points of intersection with the axes.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the total distance travelled by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Rosewood College has 120 students. The students can join the sports club (<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="S">
  <mi>S</mi>
</math></span>) and the music club (<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="M">
  <mi>M</mi>
</math></span>).</p>
<p>For a student chosen at random from these 120, the probability that they joined both clubs is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{1}{4}">
  <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mn>4</mn>
  </mfrac>
</math></span> and the probability that they joined the music club is<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{1}{3}">
  <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mn>3</mn>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.</p>
<p>There are 20 students that did not join either club.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Complete the Venn diagram for these students.</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-02-13_om_08.15.35.png" alt="N17/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ0/07.a"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>One of the students who joined the sports club is chosen at random. Find the probability that this student joined both clubs.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine whether the events <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="S">
  <mi>S</mi>
</math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="M">
  <mi>M</mi>
</math></span> are independent.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Consider&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&#8202;</mo><mi>cos</mi><mo>&#8202;</mo><mi>x</mi><mfenced><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>&#8202;</mo><mi>cos</mi><mo>&#8202;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>&#8202;</mo><msup><mi>cos</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>&#8202;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>cos</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>&#8202;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfenced></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Expand and simplify <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></math> in ascending powers of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>By using a suitable substitution for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math>, show that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><mo> </mo><mi>cos</mi><mo> </mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><mo> </mo><msup><mi>cos</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo> </mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mo> </mo><msup><mi>cos</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo> </mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>8</mn><mo> </mo><msup><mi>sin</mi><mn>6</mn></msup><mo> </mo><mi>x</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mn>0</mn><mi>m</mi></msubsup><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>d</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>32</mn><mn>7</mn></mfrac><msup><mi>sin</mi><mn>7</mn></msup><mo> </mo><mi>m</mi></math>, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi></math> is a positive real constant.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>It is given that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mi>m</mi><mfrac><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi><mn>2</mn></mfrac></msubsup><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>d</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>127</mn><mn>28</mn></mfrac></math>, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>0</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>m</mi><mo>≤</mo><mfrac><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math>. Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>In an international competition, participants can answer questions in <strong>only one</strong> of the three following languages: Portuguese, Mandarin or Hindi. 80 participants took part in the competition. The number of participants answering in Portuguese, Mandarin or Hindi is shown in the table.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>A boy is chosen at random.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the number of boys who answered questions in Portuguese.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the probability that the boy answered questions in Hindi.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Two girls are selected at random.</p>
<p>Calculate the probability that one girl answered questions in Mandarin and the other answered questions in Hindi.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A small cuboid box has a rectangular base of length <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="3x">
  <mn>3</mn>
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span> cm and width <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x">
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span> cm, where <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x > 0">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>&gt;</mo>
  <mn>0</mn>
</math></span>.&nbsp;The height is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y">
  <mi>y</mi>
</math></span> cm, where <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y > 0">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>&gt;</mo>
  <mn>0</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The&nbsp;sum of the length, width and height is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="12">
  <mn>12</mn>
</math></span> cm.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The volume of the box is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="V">
  <mi>V</mi>
</math></span> cm<sup>3</sup>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down an expression for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y"> <mi>y</mi> </math></span> in terms of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find an expression for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="V"> <mi>V</mi> </math></span> in terms of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{\text{d}}V}}{{{\text{d}}x}}"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>V</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mtext>d</mtext> </mrow> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span> for which <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="V"> <mi>V</mi> </math></span> is a maximum.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Justify your answer.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the maximum volume.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right) = \frac{1}{3}{x^3} + {x^2} - 15x + 17">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mn>3</mn>
  </mfrac>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>3</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>15</mn>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mn>17</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> has horizontal tangents at the points where <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x">
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span> = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a">
  <mi>a</mi>
</math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x">
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span> = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="b">
  <mi>b</mi>
</math></span>, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a">
  <mi>a</mi>
</math></span> &lt; <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="b">
  <mi>b</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f'\left( x \right)">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a">
  <mi>a</mi>
</math></span> and the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="b">
  <mi>b</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = f'\left( x \right)">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence explain why the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> has a local maximum point at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x = a">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f''\left( b \right)">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>″</mo>
  </msup>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>b</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence, use your answer to part (d)(i) to show that the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> has a local minimum point at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x = b">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>b</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The normal to the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x = a">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
</math></span> and the tangent to the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x = b">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>b</mi>
</math></span> intersect at the point (<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p">
  <mi>p</mi>
</math></span>, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="q">
  <mi>q</mi>
</math></span>) .</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p">
  <mi>p</mi>
</math></span> and the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="q">
  <mi>q</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The following diagram shows part of the graph of a quadratic function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>.</p>
<p>The graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> has its vertex at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>)</mo></math>, and it passes through point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>Q</mtext></math> as shown.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The function can be written in the form <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>h</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mi>k</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The line <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>L</mi></math> is tangent to the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>Q</mtext></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Now consider another function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>g</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></math>. The derivative of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math> is given by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mo>&#8242;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>-</mo><mi>d</mi></math>,&nbsp;where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the values of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>Q</mtext></math> has coordinates <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>(</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mn>12</mn><mo>)</mo></math>. Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the equation of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>L</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the values of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi></math> for which <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math> is an increasing function.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the values of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math> for which the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math> is concave-up.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A function, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>, has its derivative given by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>&#8242;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>12</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math>, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi></math>. The following&nbsp;diagram shows part of the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>&#8242;</mo></math>.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>&#8242;</mo></math> has an axis of symmetry <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>q</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The vertex of the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>&#8242;</mo></math> lies on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> has a point of inflexion at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>a</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>q</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the value of the discriminant of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>′</mo></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence or otherwise, find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of the gradient of the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>′</mo></math> at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>″</mo></math>, the second derivative of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>. Indicate clearly the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-intercept and the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi></math>-intercept.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the values of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math> for which the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> is concave-down. Justify your answer.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.ii.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Consider <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x) = \log k(6x - 3{x^2})">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>log</mi>
  <mo>⁡</mo>
  <mi>k</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mn>6</mn>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>−</mo>
  <mn>3</mn>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>, for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="0 &lt; x &lt; 2">
  <mn>0</mn>
  <mo>&lt;</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>&lt;</mo>
  <mn>2</mn>
</math></span>, where <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k &gt; 0">
  <mi>k</mi>
  <mo>&gt;</mo>
  <mn>0</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
<p>The equation <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x) = 2">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>2</mn>
</math></span> has exactly one solution. Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k">
  <mi>k</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A factory produces shirts. The cost, <em>C</em>, in Fijian dollars (FJD), of producing<em> x</em> shirts can be modelled by</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>C</em>(<em>x</em>) = (<em>x</em>&nbsp;− 75)<sup>2</sup> + 100.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The cost of production should not exceed 500 FJD. To do this the factory needs to produce at least 55 shirts and at most <em>s</em> shirts.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the cost of producing 70 shirts.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <em>s</em>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the number of shirts produced when the cost of production is lowest.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The equation of a curve is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = \frac{1}{2}{x^4} - \frac{3}{2}{x^2} + 7">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mn>2</mn>
  </mfrac>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>4</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mn>3</mn>
    <mn>2</mn>
  </mfrac>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mn>7</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The gradient of the tangent to the curve at a point P is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" - 10">
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>10</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{\text{d}}y}}{{{\text{d}}x}}">
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>d</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mi>y</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>d</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the coordinates of P.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Consider a function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> with domain <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><mi>b</mi></math>. The following diagram shows the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>'</mo></math>,&nbsp;the derivative of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAj8AAAGzCAYAAADANnYJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsMAAA7DAcdvqGQAAC/RSURBVHhe7d0NdNXVme/xR1dXW0kKBeTNEAKaCIQiCJpSQkEqTFhgmRTaghQtjOLFQRmSYU0NAW+vGMA13ISJcu2IlSgUoVM0F4ElBcW2JEWQCGii8aQECBAECYoBbC8Tbp4/+1DAgHk5L///f38/a3Xl7B1aSl7O+Z1n7/3s687XEwAAAEtcbz4CAABYgfADAACsQvgBAABWIfwAAACrEH4AAIBVCD8AAMAqhB8AAGAVwg8AALAK4QcAAFiF8APAKoWFhTJs2FA5e/asmQFgG8IPAGscPnxYZs58RCor98natWvNLADbcLcXAGvMmTNH2rRpI0uXPu2M33hjqyQlJTmPAdiDyg8AK2zZslmKirbJzJkznfGCBYskOzvbeQzALoQfAL5XU1Mj8+fPl4ULF8kNN9zgzI0fP975qHuAANiFZS8AvqfLXWrBggXOx27dusrBg4ckEAjI3XcPlz//+W2Ji4tzPgfA/6j8APA13eSsy12zZ882M3+n+31mzHhUtm7damYA2IDKDwDrBCs/AOxE5QcAAFiF8AMAAKxC+AEAAFYh/ACAnJOjhY84e4G6dUuR6YUHpc6Z/0Teyr5bRuXtlFpnDMAPCD8AIF+TzunPyMH3V8p9MUfkDzv3mbDTWnqNHC5SepjwA/gI4QcAglrfInemtpPTH38qZ5yJr0vHuARJGtJbOjpjAH5A+AGAi9pKtz5dRN7ZJ0fO1Q/rDsq6/MMyflwST5aAj/D7DAANqpPa3a9Lyd2TZGhrnioBP+E3GgAu+qbc1CNJpGafHKzcLi8UdpHpY7vxRAn4DL/TAPAlAVn/v9+UbtPT5CaeJQHf4XoLeIre0/TBB2Wya1eJ7N+/XzZseM185oLJk++XNm3ayMCBA6R372Quq0SDrnW9xbmSXLkjfauMfek/5Zd33cQ7RMCHCD/whOLiYlmyZInzePjw4dKvXz/p0KGDczFl0NmzZ+XQoUNy/Phx2bNnz8XLKidNmiRDhw6Vdu3aOWPg6uGnTk69NV8mvztaVmXcKbFmFoC/EH7gasHQk5iYKBMmTHBCz5Wu9S5eK0Xr1q2ThQtzJCsrW6ZMmSI33HCD+SxsdbWfmbqjb8kzvxX56SN3SWdKPoBvEX7gSjU1NbJ48WKpqKiQnJycyyo8V7pW+AnS/701a9bI6tUvy7x582TEiJHmM7DRZT8ztTsl78ePydGJUyQmcL1MyLpXesaSfAA/4zccrhMIBORHP0qX5ORkefHFF68ZfBpLl7wefvhhef75X8vata/InDlznEAESN1p+eTAIdkT+JbcS/ABrEDlB66iy1xZWY9Jfv7TDS5xhcrKlStl2bLnwv73wJ0aUy0E4F+EH7hGYWGh5OXlyqpVL0fklJZuip4581HJyMiU9PR0MwsbEH4Au1HfhStEOvgorfjo37dq1Sp59tlnzSwAwO8IP4g6XepqSfDRd/HNpX+f7ivau3cvAQgALEH4QVTp0pPu8YlkxedKevQ9NzeXAAQAliD8IGq0B4/uudFNx9EKPkEEIACwB+EHUaHdmJ988klns7FbTlsRgADADoQfREVBQYG0bdvWdaesCEAA4H+EH0Sc7vMJdloOhVAfWdYApF2l9f/jli2bzSwAwC8IP4goXe4K7vPRkOFW2hFaN2HPnz/fCWsAAP8g/CCi8vPzZfToMZ7oqqybsDWkaVjTzdkAAH8g/CBitIKyceOG+jAx08y4n4Y03ZSdkZHhVK0AAN5H+EFEaHDQfTQLFy4K+XJXS5ocNoZuyh44cKCzBAYA8D7CDyJi06ZNkpiYKIMHDzYz3qLVqpMnTzrXcAAAvI3wg7CrqampDw+PyIwZM8yM92i1au7cuc41HGyABgBvI/wg7NasWSNZWdlR7+LcUvr/X5ftdAM0+38AwLsIPwirQCDg9MuZMGGCmfE2XbabOPFe9v8AgIcRfhBWy5cvd05Lad+ccAl1k8OvMmXKFPb/AICHEX4QNlr1KSraJmlpaWbGH4L7f3QfE/1/AMB7CD8Im2DVx82dnJtL9/+88IL+++j/AwBeQ/hBWESy6hPuPj9XM2LESOf4/tq1a80MAMALCD8ICz9XfS41e/ZsWbbsOSfsAQC8gfCDkNO+Pn7c69MQ3citx98ffPABlr8AwCMIPwg57eujx8H9XvUJ0uPvelmrXtoKAHA/wg9CSqs+Cxfm+KavT2Pp9Rd6aSvdnwHA/Qg/CKk//vGPTjfncPb1uVKk+/w0RKtc+flP0/0ZADyA8IOQ0ruvRowYYUZ26devn6SmDuH0FwC4HOEHIVNcXCzJyX0kKSnJzNiH018A4H6EH4TMihUr5L777jMjO+ly37x58yQ7O5vlLwBwKcIPQkKveSgrK5Xbb7/dzEROtJocXk2w+eGmTZvMDADATQg/CIl169bJtGkPWXO8/avMmDGDu78AwKUIP2gxXd5ZvfplGT16tJmB3v2Vn/+MLF261MwAANyC8IMWe/fdd52NzpE83u4F6enpUlFRIVu2bDYzAAA3IPygxdavX2/9RuerycnJkfnz57P5GQBchPCDFgne4xWNjc5BbmhyeDV67F+vvigoKDAzYVAbkDfyHpDe3bpKt97/IoVH/nZhvu6gFE5PkW79c6Xk3IUpAADhBy2kHZ1tuserOfTqC90TFZbeP7WlUjDrZ/JI6V1S+P5meSLpfdn50akLnztWIus3HpGYMQMk8WsXpgAAhB+00KpVq5yLPXF1Ggy1909ubq6ZCZUvJPC7BfJ40Sh5Nvdn0rN1b5my7g3JuetG57N1n38qx+ROeWh8f2ntzAAAFOEHzRY8xq3XOkST2/r8NER7/6jQbX6uk9ry/5KnnnpH+v/iZzK09Zd/les+r5GD/f9R7un/bTMDAFCEHzSb9vYZO3asGeGrZGZmhmjzc5UUPthfkkdmye9Pn5bdj/9EHiqsMp8LOiefHDwhYzLvkSR+ywHgMtedr2ceA00ybNhQWbXqZaenTTRp5cfNm54v9eyzzzofH374Yedj830hgYIH5O6nbpGX3v6l3NVA5QdX56WfGQChxzMmmmXPnj3SqVPnqAcfr5kyZUqINj/XyuHAAZHUAdKL4AMATcKzJppFb3CfNGmSGaGxdPNzRkZmyzc/n3pfNr9yXPoP6S0dzRQAoHEIP2gWrV4MHTrUjKLLa8sX2vn5xIkTToBsrnMVJbLhdAfp2709v8QA0EQ8b6LJdMmL6yxaRjs/Z2U91szNz19I5d5dUhPzAxk5gO8BADQV4QdNphWL8ePHmRGaQzs/p6YOkbVr15qZpjgupdvek5hxP5AB7PcBgCbjmRNNpktevXsnmxGaa/bs2TJnzmPOFSFNcuovsrOotYwb+R2aFwJAMxB+0CRuPOXlhSaHDdFlw/z8Z2Tx4sVmpjHq5FTJm/KKsOQFAM1F+EGTvPfeezQ2DKG0tDTnYtjGH32vkZLNRZJ0la7OAICvxrMnmkS7Og8fPtyM0FJ69H3hwkWSnZ1tZhryqZTkTZBRefUh6a1fyaJd/yi//HESv7wA0Ew8f6LRgnd50dgwtPRi2Pbt21/j3q9W0rlHZzmQN1HGrrxR5hdMlwGx/OoCQHNxvQUarbCwUKqrq0NwNUNo+eGqAl32evDBB+T11zc51SCEF9dbAHbj7SMabdOmTU6Vwm388CIWPPquX2MAQHhR+UGj6HHs/v1v491yGAW/xrt376WBZJhR+QHsRuUHjfLhhx/KjBmPmhHCQQPPggWLZM2aNWYGABAOhB80yp/+9Cf5/ve/b0bu4tU+Pw0ZP358iG59BwBcDeEHjbJx4wbp1auXGSFcgre+L1++3MwAAEKN8IOvpFUILjKNHL31vaKiwummDQAIPcIPvtLbb78tqampZoRImDVrlnPzOwAg9Ag/+EpFRUXy3e9+14wQCdpSIDEx8RqNDwEAzUX4wTXp8euyslKnDw0ia+rUqTJ//nw5e/asmQEAhALhB9ekR9xHjx5jRu7k134tND4EgPAg/OCadNPtwIEDzAiRNnv2bMnLy3UqcACA0CD84Jq058yAAQPNCJGmJ+wmTryXxocAEEKEH1yV3uLeqVNn1x9x91OTw4ZMmDDBCaFUfwAgNAg/uKoPPiiT4cOHmxGiRcOnNj5cvHixmQEAtAThB1e1a1eJ9OvXz4wQTWlpaVJUtI1rLwAgBAg/uKqlS5+W22+/3YwQTXrtxbx587j2AgBCgPCDBmmFYcyYHzovunCHESNGcu0FAIQA4QcNKi0t9cyVFn7t89MQrr0AgJYj/KBBO3bskL59+5oR3EKvvVDFxcXORwBA0xF+0KCVK1+SW2+91YzgJlr5WbJkCddeAEAzEX7wJV7b7+P3Pj9X0msv9NJTrr0AgOYh/OBLvLTfx1Z66alee0H1BwCajvCDL2G/j/tx6SkANB/hB1/Cfh9vCF56SvUHAJqG8IPL6H6fQYMG09/HA4KXnhYUFJgZAEBjEH5wGd3vw31e3qGXni5cmMOlpwDQBIQfXKa8vNxz93nZ1OTwSlr9ycrKljVr1pgZAMBXIfzgMhs3bpBevXqZEbxgypQpsnr1y1R/AKCRCD+46PDhw9KpU2enmgDv0P1ZGRmZsmzZMjMDALgWwg8u+uCDMhk4cKAZeYdtTQ4bkpaW5lTtdMM6AODaCD+4KBCoqA8/A8wIXhKs/ixfvtzMAACuhvCDi7Zu3Sq9eyebEbxGqz9FRduo/gDAVyD8wKGN8rZvL5a4uDgzA6/R6s+8efOo/gDAVyD8wPHRRx/J5Mn3mxG8asSIkVJRUUH1BwCugfADx3vvvScpKSlm5C029/lpyKxZsyQ3N9eMAABXIvzAUVZWJj169DAjeNngwYPlxIkTUlxcbGYAAJci/MDBZab+otWfJUuWmBEA4FKEH3j+MlP6/HyZVn8U1R8A+DLCD+TAgf1cZupDVH8AoGGEH8iuXSWSlJRoRvALrf60b9+e6g8AXIHwg/rws4vmhj6VmZlJ9QcArkD4sRzNDf0tKSlJEhMTqf4AwCUIP5ajuaH/TZ06VbKyHnOCLgCA8GO9yspKSU729pIXTQ6vTas/qalDZNOmTWYGAOxG+LHcjh07pG/fvmYEv9LqT15eLtUfAKhH+LGc3gIeHx9vRvArqj8A8HeEH4vV1NQ4H9u1a+d89CqaHDYO1R8AuIDwY7EPP/zQqQbADlR/AOACwo/F9u3b59mb3NE8VH8AgPBjNW5ytw/VHwAg/FiNm9ztNGPGDKo/AKxG+LHU4cOHPX2T+6Xo89M02s174sR7qf4AsBbhx1IHDhyQgQMHmhFsM2HCBKo/AKxF+LGUbnbu2bOnGcE22t6A6g8AWxF+LKWbnfv06WNGsJFWf2bOfORivycAsAXhx1K62blrV380B6TJYfNo9ScrK1vWrFljZgDADoQfC/lpszNaRqs/CxfmUP0BYBXCj4XY7Iwgqj8AbET4sRCbnXEpqj8AbEP4sRCbnXEprf4sWLCI6g8Aa1x3vp55DEvoBuHy8gB7fnCR9vsZNSpNVq162WmC6Hf6O0BzTMBeVH4sw2ZnNER/HjIyMmXp0qVmBgD8i/BjGd3snJiYaEbA36WlpUlR0TYJBAJmBgD8ifBjGd3snJKSYkb+QJ+f0AhWf5YvX25mAMCfCD+W0c3OPXr0MCPgclr9qaiokD179pgZAPAfwo9ldFkjPj7ejIDLafVn1qxZkpOTY2YAwH8IPxYJ9nHRo83A1QwePNj5WFxc7HwEAL8h/FikqqpKUlOHmBFwddnZ2bJkyRLnCDwA+A3hxyKVlZW+2+ys6NcSev369XNOBW7atMnMAIB/EH4ssmPHDunYsaMZAdc2depUycvLpfoDwHcIPxbRUzwJCQlmBFxbUlKSjB49RtauXWtmAMAfuN7CEvruvWfPJJaI0CS6Sb5//9tk9+69vtooz/UWgN2o/Fji0KFDMnny/WbkLzQ5DJ/gpafLli0zMwDgfYQfS5SWltLfB80yfvx42bhxA9deAPANwo8lqqurJSmJO73QdFx7AcBvCD+W2Lt3ryQkdDcjoGnS09OdDfM0PgTgB4QfS2zY8Jp07creGDQfjQ8B+AXhxwKHDx+WQYMGO8sXfsSpncig8SEAvyD8WODAgQPOixbQUjNmzHAaHwbviQMALyL8WODYsWO+vNYCkRcXFycTJ94ra9asMTMA4D2EHwvotRY9evQwI/+hz09kTZkyRVavfpmj7wA8i/BjAT2lc+ONN5oR0DLBo++5ublmBgC8hfDjc3oyZ/v2Yme5AggVPfp+4sQJ2bJls5kBAO8g/Picn6+1QHTl5OTI/PnzOfoOwHMIPz534MB+rrVAWHDrOwCvIvz4XCBQIV26dDEjf6LPT/RMmzZNli17zuklBQBeQfjxuaqqKunTp48ZAaGlt77r5uelS5eaGQBwP8KPz61c+RLXWiCsuPcLgNcQfnxMu/D26HGzb6+1gHvo5uesrMfY/AzAEwg/PqZHkVNTh5iRf9HkMPqCm58LCgrMDAC4F+HHx0pLSyU5OdmMgPDSzc90fgbgBYQfH6uurpbOnTuZERBeuvl53rx5dH4G4HqEHx/bu3evJCR0NyMg/EaMGOl8LCwsdD4CgBsRfnxsw4bXOOmFiJs7d67k5eU6G+4BwI0IPz6lTedsOelFk0N30Xvkpk17SBYvXmxmAMBdCD8+9cknn1hx0gvuNH78eKf3DxefAnAjwo9PVVZWSkpKihkBkaUVRy4+BeBWhB+fKi8vl44dO5qRv9Hnx52CvX/y8/PNDAC4A+HHp/bv3y8dOnQwIyA6Zs6cKRs3bpA9e/aYGQCIPsKPT+lJL33nDUSTLn/l5z9dH4IeZfkLgGsQfnxIT3oNGjTYjIDo6tevH8tfAFyF8ONDetIrMTHRjIDoY/kLgJsQfnyIk15wG5a/ALgJ4ceHbDrppWhy6A0sfwFwC8KPD3HSC24VXP4qLi42MwAQededr2cewye07w3VELhVIBCQBx98QF59tdC5CT4a+B0B7Eblx2eCd3rZhCaH3qItGLj7C0A0EX58hju94AV699fJkyelsLDQzABA5BB+fEZPeiUnJ5sR4E56+mvu3Lkyc+YjTrUSACKJ8OMz1dXV0rlzJzMC3CsuLk5eeGG5ZGRkcPwdQEQRfnymqqpKEhK6mxHgbiNGjHQachYUFJgZAAg/Tnv5jG7+LS8POMsKgBdo1WfUqDRZuHCRDB4cmWtZOO0F2I3Kj4/U1NQ4J70IPvAS/Xl9/vlfS1bWY+z/ARARhB8fOXHiBCe94El6/D0jI1OefPJJ9v8ACDvCj48cOLBf4uPjzcge9Pnxh/T0dGnbti37fwCEHeHHR44e/Vi6dOliRoD3zJs3T1avfpnrLwCEFeHHR8rKyqRPnz5mBHgP+38ARALhx0eKirZJ+/btzQjwJt3/oxUg+v8ACBfCj49UVu6L2kWRQChp/5/hw4fL/PnzzQwAhA7hxyf0puwxY35oRoD3TZkyxbn/a+XKlWYG8JoqKXzwNudQRrduaZJXUmvmEW2EH584fvy4dO9uZ2dnmtX5k+7/ycnJkWXLnmMDNDwqXtKf3yFvPDFMJOa7cntiKzOPaCP8+MSxY8ekZ8+eZgT4gy7j6gboiRN/ygZoG9QdlMJZv5KSc2bsB3UHpOiVdyRm3A9kQGtect2C74RPlJeXS8eOHc0I8A/dAL169W9l0qR7nS7m8Km6o7Lzmf8lv4zpJYlfM3M+UPeXP8sruzvIuJHfkdZmDtFH+PGJ/fv3S4cOHczILjQ59D+982vixHslOzvbdyfAzpXkSn9nT0hX6Z39lpyqLZfC7B9Kt/65/qqAXEPdkUKZ3ucOGb94k9SsmCzf8c2//Qv5S9Fm2R0zSJL+32p5sLd+n3vKqMffkKN15o8gKgg/PrFhw2vOO2TArx5++GFnX5vfToB9bUCm7H5/pdwX013G3fnf8n+X/VnqbmwlMYNuls6WPENff1O6/J91T0p/GSZPvFEhB3dnygBfVH9q5XDggMjpcgmcHilLPnhfCjOSpazgf8rTf/zE/BlEA+HHB3QvhF5oCvjdzJkznRNgzz77rJnxgzo5VfKmvHL6lOxav1/6TLtfxmWskQ9+lS43WfMMbSok/UdK6i3fNHM+cOp92fzKcUnOeFyy0ntKrHxbbhv2fWknp+TjT+lhFU2EHx84c+YMF5rCCnoCLDc3V/bu3eujI/BnpOLdt+W0tJaBk/9RBsTa+LR8oULSbvht0sM3//xgqL1DJt7Ttz74XJg7c+pT+at0kT7d2joziA7Cjw+UlpZKcnKyGQH+pgFo7ty5/jkCX3dY9m7dLzGjZ8uMoTeaScs4FRKRMbd3E//sda6Rks1vyunLqllmLnmMDLuVY+/RRPjxgdraWomNvfC+wkb0+bFPXFycrFr1snMHmNcD0MXTQBOHWLTMdblzFSWyQX4gIwf4qEP9uYPy7obj0n/c9+QW832tO7JNVr/yNxk9PV36W1nhcw+++j7AhaawkT8C0Dk5VvqO7I7x2Qt/k3whlXt3yV/HDZNbq1+Wx1eUix8OQtVV7pWtNXfIuNSE+hfav8nRkt/IvH96XPY/tFQWp3fjxfeiv3fB7j29UI7Uf/PrjhZL/oMpYe2KzdffB/RC01atKKHCPhqA8vOfdpogejMAfSof7twtknSzxNleCTi8Tn6zpYf88896+uKF6fouqZL5RHdZfXdi/Yv4zZIyp0ySHlsrv8u40+z/wQXaBXu3lBX+myRs/C/5/e4/yjNPV0raku1y8OAmyRgQnq/WdefrmcfwKE3MNi/92P7vhzjBRwPQa69tkH79+pnZq+NnBnAbrQCNkZlFwyX/jX+X9Ju+bubDg8qPx3GhKXChCaJ2gZ4581F/bIIGrNNB+gzpK5I6XAaFOfgowo/H6TH3tm05MgloAFq4cJGHl8AASFGJfHgq/Lu+CD8eV1lZKSkpKWYE2C1YASIAAd5Sd2SzrAh0lX+QN2VzSfjv8CP8eJxeaBobG2NGdmLvBi6lAejPf37bF8fgASvUlspLS6slPetfZfK4b8h7+0/IuSOvyRNhPPlH+PG4zz77TBISupsRAHXpMfjCwkIzC8BV6sqlYGxP6fbjNfLtKRNlQOyNMmBkqgQev0+m/669PHTFyT/9XdbrnEKB8BNhesokFPRma93svHLlSxITY3flJ1RfU/hLMACtWrXqsrvA9PdG1dSEv7TeFLb/HOv3Q783+h+/3dyveJ5qwPU9Zcq6cjn4+hOSntRaJ6T1XU/IBwd3yPMzB3/pYl9d6fje974bkjc0HHWPsFAcsd2zZ49zqqWycp8z1ktN9Ulen+xtFIqvKfxLX0gzMzOdazEOHjwgO3a8bT4jzv4gXSZzA5t/joOtCoL8+JzG81RoaDjOzs52Hufk5EhSUpLzuKmo/HjQpcFH6eOMjAwzAnCp4GWoBw8evCz4KH3BdVsFyDb69b80+Ch9Tlu6dKkZAX+nYefFF1+UsWPHyt13D3cuOG5OpbDRlR9KdgAAwG20Uvj665ucNzqNxbJXhLW09KmbvXTNsyG7d++Vdu3sux+IcjIaY9iwoZdVTIPcsvTl159jrex8+OGHsm/fPuceQt2nqC9WqalDJDk5WT7//HNZuDDH/OnL5ec/Izt27JCTJ0/Khg2vOQ1dU1NTpW/fvnLrrbc26cUu2nieCi2t9qxdu1bmzHlMFixYJJMnTzafaRzCT4SF4hdgzpw5zhPIpSZPvr/+B2CBGdmFJxU0hm6SnDnzETO6oFWrGHnzza1y0003mZno8cvPsb4ovfvuu87exK1bt8rHHx91go72I9MLmLt27fql0PLTn/5Utm+/vC1BQy9out+jtLRUNm3a5IShGTMelVGjRjXqSpNo43kqdEKx74fwE2Gh+AXQJ5eCgoKL75aysrJlypQpnnoXFEo8qaCxdH/AsmXPORWgiRMnSXx8vPzud//lXI4a7RdQL/8ca0V6586dF0OJvhnTsHPnnXc2atOy/vd1j0/wTV1j3slrRamkZJc899wyZzxp0iRJS0tz7fMgz1Mtp699+fn59T8rTztVwfT0dPOZpiP8RFgofwH0f6u8PGBt6AniSQVNdenPTPD05OjRY+o/zoza75PXfo716/bee+/JunXrnOrOxIn3OsuH0ViO0krA8uXLpahom2RkZLoyBPE81XK6dK1VxBkzZrT4JCDhx6M0AffsmcQvE9AMV74QBd9Rbty4wRVVILfSwKPH0levflk6dersnLgZPny4a46kXxqC9J43t7QxQGjo97e5R9uvRPjxqOAvua37fIAr1R0tlmfmzpLFvz8ikvxzyVnwqPxsQOcG+3lc7V24vrjrHoLExESZPXu2lQcILhXcv/OnP/3JCYbJyX1k/Phx0rt3sqt78AT3hOj3MRRVAvgPfX486vjx49KmTRszAixXu1P+Y8p02XjTQtmxf5/seOwG+c3PFsq6I38zf6BxtOKjPUR0v0r//rc1u4eIl+m/V6s7Tz31lFNdXrFihQwcOEBefbXQ6ZQ9YsRI14cJrQ789re/db6Pejp2y5bN5jPABYQfjzp27Fj9E1NPMwJs9oUEfrdE8g6ky2Ozh0vn678unYf+RCYmvS5ZS4vllPlTjaV7RXQjpbaO0GPYo0alOSfF/ByCdPOwBgQ9SaqBRys9Gnj0axAMPF6sgun3US+51U3RGuZsC7K4OsJPhGhJPv/BFOnWraeMWvTvkt2/q/TOfqvJT8xBesdJx44dzehStVKSl+aU9bt1GyLZhdvkjbwHpLeOe0+XgvLm/o1uUye1gc2SF/ya5r0mhdlDWvQ1hUfVHZCiV94RSR0gvVqbp7TrEyR13B1y+pU3peRU8+6F1hf7hx9+WJ5//tdOrxm/hSA9YaWVLf03/uhH6bJrV4ncc889ziGKX/ziF54NPFfSKpVW81q3bi0///nPQ3YxJryN8BN29S/S5SvkoeGzZO9tS2TH/rdlwTeKZUVNdxk38juiV7k1h97m3qFDBzO6VKwMyNggO/IvHAHctf4t+fyePCnd/oyMlvXy1EslPggH+jX9jcwa+4hs6jRH3ijbIy/02CJZK6RFX1N4VG21BAKnpV2fbnKjmRL5mnzr221FTv9F9n/ctKWvK+kSiu6t0xBUXV3tVEa0GuK1F9Hgcpb+f9dTM3oljla2pk+fLn/4wx+dwKMbhP14elT/TRryHnpomkyadK+ztwt2I/yEW+0uWfYv/y6HHloqS5xbamPlph66Xp4gSXGxF/5MM2g/DG0W1rBP5cOdu+s/dpC0f37EuS33+psGyqjUdnL640/lzIU/5Fl1R9bJ7PQsKRr2lLwwP12SYr8pHbslyDekv9zZ69vmT8EaZz6Vj0+bx1/yiZz8/Jx53DIagvQFVJeCvvWtbzkvotqcT5eL3Hg/mIYdfZEPVnc0tK1fv77+35HoXBqqe2J03qaTbVrN0tN82tpAgyDsRfgJq7/JkS0r5Tndi/DAQLkQdc7J55+eFOk/UlJv+aYz01TBsvtV36GdOyjvbjguyRlzZNoAEwZO/UV2FtVc8e7Yiz6V3WtelI2nh8kv/nWU3OT8BH8hlXt3SU3/O6RPx685fwq44EZp+63Q/kzoUpA24NNqiZ4o0uUi3RytQUKXxaJVEdIApi/ol4adX/3qV87ntLqjp9u0guWFDcvhpGFPw19W1mMEIIsRfsKprlJ+/8LrIuN+IAOCexFq35P1q9+RmL7dpVMzv/qHDh1yOqheTV3lXtlac4dMvKevCVx1cqrkTXnl9J3y82E3i6fjwandsva5nRJz3zQZl2TCo/M1fU/6j/ue3MJPtH069pYh/WPkr5+cuqSq+YUcqQyIxNwi3Tt93cyFnr6Q6nKR7pPRgKHLYrqcpMtKunlYw5Aeuw5lZUjf/Oj/placNOjo36N/n+7b0cpObGysZGZmOmFHl7g0qNG36HIa/oIBSL9HsA99fsLp1FuS/d2Z8vHCDfJ8erxOSHnBv0n64+/LuJcKJeeu5tVg9N2KnsbQJ90v+0ICBQ/I3U/dIi+9/Uu5S0NX7U7J+/FkeW7gf8rbOXd5e0/M0UJ5MOUReSdjXf1/BtQHueDX9HP5xRu/linBQASLNPAzX1cuBelj5am+Df/Mh7vbroadSy/z1KZ7eqWGXszZtm1b50JPDSmNoYGqqqrq4uWeSt/86NUcXbp0ce7Lat++vfU9iZpDq3S6fElDRPvwPjns/iqHKo9Kbd1R2Zn/lORtq5TTEic3fvq+lBxt3kbMax9zr5XDgQMiCTeK8xqgp8xmzZDnus6Vwqyh3t8M3Orb0imm/qtaflCOndOv6WJ5KfBF2N/hw82+Kbf8w09ktLwuK1/5oP434JQE1v1GVgdGycIZg6PyM69BRF9MteqiS026RKbVIa3ITJ06tcHgoyGntrbWjP5Oqzb63wlWc4LLV7q0pUe5dS8Swad5Lq0AsQRmGa38IFw+O//h8v9xvld83Pn4tHnnX/3oxPnqV2ecj+/1D+cf+PWu85+bP9VUixYtOl9UVGRGV/hs6/k5ver/Pv07nf/cc37O8q3nP/r8v80f8LpLv6Zzzr+0a1/9eNL5XnO21n8G9vrv859/9Or5OWm3Xvi5d37frv4ToX8GCDp06ND5oUO/f/XnVfgOy14epGv8+k6woTtOzpXkyh3pu2SWLUtAzvLGP0sgc02zlxFhHy6ZxJX0ZJyeAtNKkM0bwm3BspcH6TF3XeP/suCpp+afJPMcp8dL5xa1DQAAXV7UvT+6B8gvjSxxdYQfj2pwjd+cJGs3/DbpYcV39lMp+fV/yIpvDJTberDRGUDL6D6tiRPvdfZXwd8IPx6jR1z1xMiVdLmrf/KPJK/stNTkjZWbHyyUo+ZzflQXKJCx3b4j6Xk7RWpyJX1cgQSad4sBAFykG8mVthGAf7Hnx2N0XXrNmjXOaQ8AzcOeH1yLtirQvknaDZoeSf5E5cdjKisrJSUlxYwAAKGm2wqC12C48eoStBzhx2O0F0hsbIwZAQDCQSs+06Y9JIsXLzYz8BPCj8dop9eEhO5mBAAIl/HjxzudtfUqEfgL4cdjtE1+q1atzAgAEC56efTcuXPln/5pKstfPkP48Ri9H4gGXAAQGfp8m5//DMtfPkP48RC9hG/QIC7fA4BISktLk4qKCpa/fITw4yFnzpyRxMREMwIARIIuf+Xk5Mj8+fPp/uwThB8PKS0tlfj4eDMCAESK3qU4evQYKSgoMDPwMsKPx3Tp0sU8AgBE0rRp02T16pedTvvwNsKPh+zYsUN69OhhRgCASNLmhxkZmbJ8+XIzA68i/HiI9pvgmDsARE96erqz+bm4uNjMwIsIPx6yYcNr0rVrVzMCAETDrFmzZMmSJWYELyL8eETwhIGeOgAARM/gwYOlffv2VH88jPDjEYcOHZLJk+83IwBANGVmZkpW1mMcffcowo9HHD9+3DwCAESbHn1PTR0imzZtMjPwEsKPRxw7dkxSUlLMCAAQbVOnTpW8vFyqPx5E+PGI6upqiY2NMSMAQLRR/fEuwo9HVFVVSUJCdzMCALiBVn9WrVplRvAKwo9HaF8JevwAgLto9YeTX95D+PGI7duLJS4uzowAAG5x33330ffHYwg/HnD48GHp0eNmMwIAuIn2/VFUf7yD8OMBZ86ccTbVAQDcSbs+r1+/3ozgdoQfDzhwYL/Ex8ebEQDAbW6//XYpKtrmVOrhfoQfD6itPS1dunQxIwCA2+jVQ9OmPSTr1q0zM3Azwo8HlJeXS8eOHc0IAOBGo0ePloULc2h66AGEHw/47LPPpEOHDmYEAHCjdu3ayYwZjzrLX3A3wo8H6C+S9pEAALjbqFGj5LnnlpkR3Irw4wGVlfucdxQAAHfr16+f8zEQCDgf4U6EH5fTkwODBl3oIQEAcL9JkybJli1bzAhuRPhxOe3xk5iYaEYAALcbOnQoG59djvDjcvT4AQBv0W0KkyffL++++66ZgdsQflyOHj8A4D333HOPrFixwozgNoQfl6PHDwB4j3Z8LisrlZqaGjMDNyH8uBw9fgDAe7Tj88SJ98rGjRvNDNyE8ONy9PgBAG/S29657sKdCD8uR48fAPCmYM8fLjt1H8KPi2mTLHr8AIB3jR07VrZu3WpGcAvCj8vR4wcAvGv48OEsfbkQ4cfF6PEDAN4WFxfnfGTpy10IPy5Gjx8A8D6WvtyH8ONi9PgBAO9j6ct9CD8uRo8fAPA+lr7ch/DjYvT4AQB/mDVrFm1LXITw42L0+AEAf9CGh9r1Ge5A+HEpLY/S4wcAgNAj/LjUmTNn6PEDAEAYEH5cSnv8tGnTxowAAECoEH5cSnv89OzZ04wAAECoEH5cqrq6WmJjY8wIAACECuHHpaqqqiQhobsZAQCAUCH8uFRFRYW0atXKjAAAQKgQflxq+/bii11BAQBA6BB+XKimpsY8AgAAoUb4caETJ07I5Mn3mxEAAAglwo8LaYNDAAAQHoQfF6qsrJSUlBQzAgAAoUT4caHa2lrzCAAAhBrhx4XKysqkT58+ZgQAAEKJ8AMAAKxC+HGhlStfkq5du5oRAAAIJcKPS91www3mEQAACCXCj8sEAgEZNGiwGQEAgFAj/LhQYmKieQQAAEKN8OMyBw7sl/j4eDMCAAChRvhxmdra09KlSxczAgAAoUb4cZnq6mqJjY0xIwAAEGqEH5epqqqShITuZgQAAEKN8OMyFRUV5hEAAAgHwo/LbN9eLElJSWYEAABCjfDjImfPnjWPAABAuBB+XOTQoUMyefL9ZgQAAMKB8AMAAKxC+HGR0tJSSU5ONiMAABAOhB+XiY2NNY8AAEA4EH5cpLy8XDp27GhGAAAgHAg/LvLZZ59Jhw4dzAgAAIQD4cdFtMFhq1atzAgAAIQD4cdFtMFhXFycGQEAgHAg/LgEDQ4BAIgMwo9L0OAQAIDIIPwAAACrEH5cggaHAABEBuHHRWhwCABA+BF+XIIGhwAARAbhxyVocAgAQGQQflyCBocAAEQG4cclaHAIAEBkEH5cgAaHAABEDuHHBWhwCABA5BB+AACAVQg/LkCDQwAAIofw4xI0OAQAIDIIPy5QXV1dH35izAgAAIQT4ccFqqqqJCGhuxkBAIBwIvy4wMmTJ80jAAAQboQfF9iw4TVJSkoyIwAAEE6EHwAAYBXCT5QFAgEZM+aHZgQAAMKN8OMCbdu2NY8AAEC4EX6i7Pjx49KmTRszAgAA4Ub4ibJjx45Jz549zQgAAIQb4SfKamtrzSMAABAJhJ8oKysrkz59+pgRAAAIN8IPAACwCuEnyoqKtkn79u3NCAAAhBvhJ8oqK/dJu3btzAgAAIQb4SeKzp49ax4BAIBIIfxE0aFDh2Ty5PvNCAAARALhBwAAWIXwE0WlpaWSnJxsRgAAIBIIP1EWGxtrHgEAgEgg/ERRdXV1ffiJMSMAABAJhJ8oqqqqkoSE7mYEAAAigfADAACsQviJopUrX5KuXbuaEQAAiATCT5TdcMMN5hEAAIgEwk+U1NTUSI8eN5sRAACIFMJPlJw4cUJSU4eYEQAAiBTCDwAAsArhJ0ro7gwAQHQQfqKI7s4AAEQe4SdK6O4MAEB0EH6ihO7OAABEB+EHAABYhfATJXR3BgAgOgg/UUR3ZwAAIo/wEwV0dwYAIHoIP1FAd2cAAKKH8AMAAKxC+ImCAwf2S3x8vBkBAIBIIvxEQW3taenSpYsZAQCASCL8REFtba15BAAAIo3wEwVlZWXSp08fMwIAAJFE+AEAAFYh/ERBRUWFtGrVyowAAEAkEX6iYPv2YomLizMjAAAQSYQfAABgFcJPhAUCARkz5odmBAAAIo3wEwVt27Y1jwAAQKQRfiLszJkz5hEAAIgGwk+EVVZWSkpKihkBAIBII/wAAACrEH4irLq6WmJjY8wIAABEGuEnwqqqqiQhobsZAQCASCP8AAAAqxB+IqyoaJu0b9/ejAAAQKQRfiIsIyNT2rVrZ0YAACDSrjtfzzwGACt069ZVDh48ZEYAbEPlBwAAWIXwAwAArEL4AQAAViH8AAAAqxB+AACAVQg/AADAKoQfAABgFcIPAACwCuEHAABYhfADAACsQvgBAABWIfwAAACrEH4AAIBVCD8AAMAqhB8AAGAVwg8AALAK4QcAAFiF8AMAAKxC+AEAAFYh/AAAAKsQfgAAgFUIPwAAwCqEHwAAYBXCDwAAsArhBwAAWIXwAwAArEL4AQAAViH8AAAAqxB+AACAVQg/AADAKoQfAABgFcIPAACwCuEHAABY5brz9cxjAAAA36PyAwAArEL4AQAAViH8AAAAqxB+AACAVQg/AADAKoQfAABgFcIPAACwiMj/ByMEL6Rutv15AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<p>The graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>'</mo></math>, the derivative of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>, has <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-intercepts at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>t</mi></math> . There are&nbsp;local maximum points at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>q</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>t</mi></math> and a local minimum point at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>r</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find all the values of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math> where the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> is increasing. Justify your answer.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math> where the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> has a local maximum.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math> where the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> has a local minimum. Justify your answer.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the values of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math> where the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> has points of inflexion. Justify your answer.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The total area of the region enclosed by the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>'</mo></math>, the derivative of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>, and the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>20</mn></math>.</p>
<p>Given that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>p</mi></mfenced><mo>+</mo><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>t</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></math>, find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mn>0</mn></mfenced></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x) = {x^2} - x">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span>, for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x \in \mathbb{R}">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>∈<!-- ∈ --></mo>
  <mrow>
    <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi>
  </mrow>
</math></span>. The following diagram shows part of the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-02-11_om_09.25.10.png" alt="N17/5/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ0/08"></p>
<p>The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> crosses the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x">
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span>-axis at the origin and at the point <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{P}}(1,{\text{ }}0)">
  <mrow>
    <mtext>P</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mn>1</mn>
  <mo>,</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>&nbsp;</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mn>0</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="L">
  <mi>L</mi>
</math></span> intersects the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> at another point Q, as shown in the following diagram.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-02-11_om_09.27.48.png" alt="N17/5/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ0/08.c.d"></p>
</div>

<div class="question">
<p>Find the area of the region enclosed by the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mi>f</mi> </math></span> and the line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="L"> <mi>L</mi> </math></span>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right) = \frac{1}{{\sqrt {2x - 1} }}">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mrow>
      <msqrt>
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mi>x</mi>
        <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
        <mn>1</mn>
      </msqrt>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>, for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x > \frac{1}{2}">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>&gt;</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mn>2</mn>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\int {{{\left( {f\left( x \right)} \right)}^2}{\text{d}}x} ">
  <mo>∫</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mrow>
      <msup>
        <mrow>
          <mrow>
            <mo>(</mo>
            <mrow>
              <mi>f</mi>
              <mrow>
                <mo>(</mo>
                <mi>x</mi>
                <mo>)</mo>
              </mrow>
            </mrow>
            <mo>)</mo>
          </mrow>
        </mrow>
        <mn>2</mn>
      </msup>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mtext>d</mtext>
    </mrow>
    <mi>x</mi>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Part of the graph of <em>f</em> is shown in the following diagram.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The shaded region&nbsp;<em>R</em> is enclosed by the graph of <em>f</em>, the <em>x</em>-axis, and the lines <em>x</em> = 1 and <em>x</em> = 9 . Find the volume of the solid formed when <em>R</em> is revolved 360°&nbsp;about the <em>x</em>-axis.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = {\left( {{x^3} + x} \right)^{\frac{3}{2}}}">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mrow>
        <mo>(</mo>
        <mrow>
          <mrow>
            <msup>
              <mi>x</mi>
              <mn>3</mn>
            </msup>
          </mrow>
          <mo>+</mo>
          <mi>x</mi>
        </mrow>
        <mo>)</mo>
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mfrac>
          <mn>3</mn>
          <mn>2</mn>
        </mfrac>
      </mrow>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Consider the functions&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right) = \sqrt {{x^3} + x} ">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <msqrt>
    <mrow>
      <msup>
        <mi>x</mi>
        <mn>3</mn>
      </msup>
    </mrow>
    <mo>+</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
  </msqrt>
</math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g\left( x \right) = 6 - 3{x^2}\sqrt {{x^3} + x} ">
  <mi>g</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>6</mn>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>3</mn>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <msqrt>
    <mrow>
      <msup>
        <mi>x</mi>
        <mn>3</mn>
      </msup>
    </mrow>
    <mo>+</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
  </msqrt>
</math></span>, for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x">
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span> ≥ 0.</p>
<p>The graphs of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g">
  <mi>g</mi>
</math></span> are shown in the following diagram.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The shaded region <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="R">
  <mi>R</mi>
</math></span> is enclosed by the graphs of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span>, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g">
  <mi>g</mi>
</math></span>, the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y">
  <mi>y</mi>
</math></span>-axis and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x = 1">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>1</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\int {\left( {3{x^2} + 1} \right)\sqrt {{x^3} + x} } \,{\text{d}}x">
  <mo>∫</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mo>(</mo>
      <mrow>
        <mn>3</mn>
        <mrow>
          <msup>
            <mi>x</mi>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msup>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>1</mn>
      </mrow>
      <mo>)</mo>
    </mrow>
    <msqrt>
      <mrow>
        <msup>
          <mi>x</mi>
          <mn>3</mn>
        </msup>
      </mrow>
      <mo>+</mo>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </msqrt>
  </mrow>
  <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>d</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down an expression for the area of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="R">
  <mi>R</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence find the exact area of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="R">
  <mi>R</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right) = {x^3} - 2{x^2} + ax + 6">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>3</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>2</mn>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mn>6</mn>
</math></span>. Part of the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> is shown in the following diagram.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> crosses the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y">
  <mi>y</mi>
</math></span>-axis at the point P. The line <em>L</em> is tangent to the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> at P.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f'\left( x \right)"> <msup> <mi>f</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence, find the equation of <em>L</em> in terms of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a"> <mi>a</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mi>f</mi> </math></span> has a local minimum at the point Q. The line <em>L</em> passes through Q.</p>
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a"> <mi>a</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[8]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A closed cylindrical can with radius r centimetres and height h centimetres has a&nbsp;volume of 20<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\pi ">
  <mi>π<!-- π --></mi>
</math></span> cm<sup>3</sup>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The material for the base and top of the can costs 10 cents per cm<sup>2</sup> and the material for the curved side costs 8 cents per cm<sup>2</sup>. The total cost of the material, in cents, is <em>C</em>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Express <em>h</em> in terms of <em>r.</em></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="C = 20\pi {r^2} + \frac{{320\pi }}{r}">
  <mi>C</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>20</mn>
  <mi>π</mi>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>r</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mn>320</mn>
      <mi>π</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mi>r</mi>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Given that there is a minimum value for <em>C</em>, find this minimum value in terms of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\pi ">
  <mi>π</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[9]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x) = \cos x">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>cos</mi>
  <mo>⁡<!-- ⁡ --></mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g(x) = {x^k}">
  <mi>g</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mi>k</mi>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
</math></span>, where <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k \in {\mathbb{Z}^ + }">
  <mi>k</mi>
  <mo>∈<!-- ∈ --></mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mrow>
        <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi>
      </mrow>
      <mo>+</mo>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Let&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k = 21">
  <mi>k</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>21</mn>
</math></span> and&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="h(x) = \left( {{f^{(19)}}(x) \times {g^{(19)}}(x)} \right)">
  <mi>h</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mrow>
      <mrow>
        <msup>
          <mi>f</mi>
          <mrow>
            <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
            <mn>19</mn>
            <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
          </mrow>
        </msup>
      </mrow>
      <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
      <mo>×<!-- × --></mo>
      <mrow>
        <msup>
          <mi>g</mi>
          <mrow>
            <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
            <mn>19</mn>
            <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
          </mrow>
        </msup>
      </mrow>
      <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>(i)     Find the first four derivatives of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x)">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
<p>(ii)     Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{f^{(19)}}(x)">
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>f</mi>
      <mrow>
        <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
        <mn>19</mn>
        <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
      </mrow>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>(i)     Find the first three derivatives of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="g(x)">
  <mi>g</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
<p>(ii)     Given that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{g^{(19)}}(x) = \frac{{k!}}{{(k - p)!}}({x^{k - 19}})">
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>g</mi>
      <mrow>
        <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
        <mn>19</mn>
        <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
      </mrow>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mo>!</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mo>−</mo>
      <mi>p</mi>
      <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
      <mo>!</mo>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mrow>
        <mi>k</mi>
        <mo>−</mo>
        <mn>19</mn>
      </mrow>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>, find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p">
  <mi>p</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>(i)     Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="h'(x)">
  <msup>
    <mi>h</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
<p>(ii)     Hence, show that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="h'(\pi ) = \frac{{ - 21!}}{2}{\pi ^2}">
  <msup>
    <mi>h</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>π</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mo>−</mo>
      <mn>21</mn>
      <mo>!</mo>
    </mrow>
    <mn>2</mn>
  </mfrac>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>π</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[7]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The expression <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn><msqrt><mi>x</mi></msqrt><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow><msqrt><mi>x</mi></msqrt></mfrac></math> can be written as <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mi>p</mi></msup></math>. Write down the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence, find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mn>1</mn><mn>9</mn></msubsup><mfenced><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn><msqrt><mi>x</mi></msqrt><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow><msqrt><mi>x</mi></msqrt></mfrac></mfenced><mo>d</mo><mi>x</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><strong>In this question, all lengths are in metres and time is in seconds.</strong></p>
<p>Consider two particles, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>P</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>P</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math>, which start to move at the same time.</p>
<p>Particle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>P</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math> moves in a straight line such that its displacement from a fixed-point is given&nbsp;by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mfenced><mi>t</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>7</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac><msup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math>, for&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find an expression for the velocity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>P</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math> at time <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Particle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>P</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> also moves in a straight line. The position of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>P</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> is given by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi><mo>=</mo><mfenced><mtable><mtr><mtd><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mn>6</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable></mfenced><mo>+</mo><mi>t</mi><mfenced><mtable><mtr><mtd><mn>4</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable></mfenced></math>.</p>
<p>The speed of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>P</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math> is greater than the speed of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>P</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> when <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mi>q</mi></math>.</p>
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>q</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The following diagram shows part of the graph of&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mi>k</mi><mi>x</mi></mfrac></math>, for&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math>.</p>
<p>Let&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>P</mtext><mfenced><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mfrac><mi>k</mi><mi>p</mi></mfrac></mrow></mfenced></math>&nbsp;be any point on the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>. Line <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>L</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math> is the tangent to the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>&nbsp;at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>P</mtext></math>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Line <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>L</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math> intersects the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis at point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>A</mtext><mfenced><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></mfenced></math> and the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi></math>-axis at point B.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>'</mo><mfenced><mi>p</mi></mfenced></math> in terms of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that the equation of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>L</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math> is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><msup><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>y</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>p</mi><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the area of triangle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>AOB</mtext></math> in terms of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> is translated by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced><mtable><mtr><mtd><mn>4</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mn>3</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable></mfenced></math> to give the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math>.<br>In the following diagram:</p>
<ul>
<li>point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>Q</mtext></math> lies on the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math>
</li>
<li>points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>C</mtext></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>D</mtext></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>E</mtext></math> lie on the vertical asymptote of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math>
</li>
<li>points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>D</mtext></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>F</mtext></math> lie on the horizontal asymptote of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math>
</li>
<li>point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>G</mtext></math> lies on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis such that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>FG</mtext></math> is parallel to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>DC</mtext></math>.</li>
</ul>
<p>Line <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>L</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> is the tangent to the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math> at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>Q</mtext></math>, and passes through <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>E</mtext></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>F</mtext></math>.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>Given that triangle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>EDF</mtext></math> and rectangle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>CDFG</mtext></math> have equal areas, find the gradient of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>L</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> in terms of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The following diagram shows the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>0</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>2</mn></math> and rectangle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>ORST</mi></math>. The rectangle has a vertex at the origin <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></math>, a vertex on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi></math>-axis at the point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">R</mi><mfenced><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>y</mi></mrow></mfenced></math>, a vertex on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis at the point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">T</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></mfenced></math> and a vertex at point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>y</mi></mrow></mfenced></math> on the graph.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAARMAAADQCAYAAAAkooUWAAAfAklEQVR4Ae2deXQUx53H87dzn07e2yO7+5JsNi9v87LPu9kc72XjYBs7BO9m48QmySZx4tsQNr5yeW2ucBhzSNzG5pI4dDISuu8LoQOBkAAJc9gYc1lgkAwIO9S+X7eqpvqY+c1oekbT0996T3R3VXX19Pf36w/V1XW8TyBAASgABTxQ4H0elIEioAAUgAICMIETQAEo4IkCgIknMqIQKAAFABP4ABSAAp4oAJh4IiMKgQJQADAZ84EP3DZH3DRpjvII2qc4BCgABWJTADAZ0+mB5182YDI8MiI2F1YZ+3OzNysVjx8/rvaxAwWggFMBwGRMk1nLNhoA2VRQKW6b/oqllkJZKisqnOohBgpAAaUAYDImRWP7PgMg9z/7krGdtaZQiVRQUCBKQiExODio4rADBaCAVQHARNOD2klumjRbfPD2uVqsEJXl5QZMioqKLPE4gAJQIKwAYBLWQnzux8uMWoneVtLZ2WmAhGom9HflyhXtDOxCASggFQBMxpRo6+g2aiW3PLBGamNst27daoEJvfIgQAEo4FQAMBFCLFpTZtRI6DWnpb1TqTQyMmIBiaydqAzYgQJQQCkAmAgh/pSVJ770s2zR0NKuhKGdLtsrjoRJV1eXJR8OoAAUEBjoR07w7rvvuvpCaUmJa81k27ZtrvkRCQWCrABqJhGs39TYaICkurLSFSjnz5+PcCaioUAwFQBMIti9tbVV7CwuFvZ2k2vXrhlwaWhoiHAmoqFAMBUATCLY/erVq0aKHSYye3d3t9zFFgpAAYE2E9YJIsGEPREZoEDAFEDNhDE4YMIIhGQoMKYAYMK4AmDCCIRkKDCmAGDCuAJgwgiEZCgwpgBgYnOFf/pptuoNS0mAiU0gHEKBCAoAJpowz68oViCRs64BJppA2IUCURQATMbE6di73wDJvOzNCiiUZIfJm2++KS5evBix12wUrZEEBTJaAcBkzLyTHlgovjBtuXFkzmtizv9qh4kcn+O2pTE7+fn5xl9ZWZlAL9mMfnZwczYFABMh1JyvBBQ5fSMBZcGqXEfNxA0iXFxVRYWorakxIPP666/bTIBDKJAZCgAmQohn1zWqVxtZK6HtzVMXeQITN9i0tLQYcDl69GhmeBLuIvAKACYuLiCBQkn21xyX7OKNN94Qu3btUq84+/fvF5FGHLuBheIqKiqMMtzKRxwU8IMCgImLleKFiUsRKurs2bMiFAoZoKmvq3MdgWwHjBxk+Je//EWVgx0okO4KACaMhWKpmTBFOJL7+/sNuDQ3NbFwyduxQ7S1tjrKQAQUSDcFABPGIsmAif2SVGOpr69nwdLY2CjOnDljPx3HUCAtFABMGDOkAib6T6D2lrq6uqhtLjTTG6ZA0FXDfjooAJgwVkg1TPSfQ8AI7dwZscZCn5up4TcooamtQzy3slh89p4lxte3n84uND7lHx60fhG74+FFRnpBeWNSpcnaUGBcZ+r0pUm9jl8KB0wYS00kTORPo4bYwsJCUVVV5QqWXaWlRhuMzJ+J21+OrbQoG8f1beue8ATfja17jAf8y/+zMiUy0KJt9FuoB3XQA2DCeEA6wET/ifQatH37dleo0Fchgk6mhZrmLuOBlQB58sVtRo1k6u9zjXj9fqc9s8qIo86HqQiyk+P0+eFF7lNx3XS8BmDCWCXdYCJ/7quvviqqq6sjQmXv3r0yq++3s5aGB2C+sDb6ygASOG+8eTol913f1qNAl5ILpvFFABPGOOkKE/mzh4eHBX3lcWtbqSgvFy3NzTKrb7c6TKY8viTifVQ0mK84BBQ9PJudrx74+StzVBKtlSThQ69HetAHfOq1HD2ehltQkGUcOxHsoRKAie5BLvvpDhP5k2/cuGF8BbJ3gKNjAkpfX5/M6rttVVOnemDpwaUGWFoP+r333rPci3zl+IcfOxtE5QP/xZ9kGef810xzXWmKty++RhleO3lKXVOHyT//wnyN+sBtYWDJsv+8Yovl9wTtADBhLO4XmMjboFn1I73+bM3NFadOnZJZfbX9zcIc9XDLh5e2ueVt6j4kTH42x9lu9Pvleer859Y3qP1QfY86374jrzPlaRMSzZ296ryFq7eq7P9y/2ojXoeOSgzQDmDCGNtvMJG3c/r0aZGfl+fapkKvRX4MDc3d4j9/E65RyIc9v8xcw0jC5HdLdzhu750rV4yF6eU5tJ2+IHpNYvITWxQ8qMBpz5jQ+Nhdf7aUP+VpE3SAiUUWHNgV8CtM5H1QX5Xm5mYHVKiPSmdneJF2md8P23PnhwRNFyHB8Pn7zHloJEwefbHU9TYmTd+gzvnklAWuefRIWR5d59q1UXXu3Czrl5tvPPySkQaY6Oph36GA32Eib4gGD7qNZKbay/Xr12U2X20lTGhLQT78X394neM+Fm8qVzCQ5x05esKRjyJkW8ymwkp1zhOrzPM/Mnme45yP3zXfyDd7eWo+Rzt+QJpE4DWHMUSmwIRukxppaQY4eyMtQSadPyXvqt0t6EE9e+4tZa01efXqQf/XB9ca8UvXm+0iH77D+sBTA6sEyBOLt6l9vW/I5eERFX///71klEcL2svzPnTHXGN/0ZpwW4n8MTJPqDrYAzIBE+kREbaZBBN5iz09PaJ9924HVHJzc9X/yjJvOmxljUM+tPZtw26zEXXowkX18MvfrYPktgcXGtF/898vqnyjo2atTHaNp7J31e2Wp4sP3j5P5bVDijLRK5f8PeqkgO4AJozhMxEm8pZ3t7U5gEJjfQ4cOCCzpMX2yZVV6oGVDy5t6eEurQ1/zaEfS5+FKW3lpiKjJnPzVLNthT7lnn9ryLgfquXIcp5faX75mbXUrNV86vvWtpQnVlWovC9tc7bF0OdgKus7M4L9ikPCAibM45LJMKFbHxgYEDSFpP3Vh+ZRSbdAvV+plkIwqG91XzhegmLa06vi+vl/+0OztqK/xtDAQgmdW6dvcC1PNgSvzQ25pgcpEjBhrJ3pMJG3X1lZ6QBKXW2toBn3/RY+eqfZIHr0+Gsx/XTZXnLz983XIDqJ2j/eP2mOgknfoUFHWTTAkGDj1knOkTkAEYAJY+SgwIRkoF6y1FvWXkvxG1ConYRqMG49W93MTV3pKX/3PvP17t6nVyqIECwilRPvddyunUlxgAljzSDBREpRU1PjAErOli1p2Tgrf7OXW9ng++m7F0UEiZfXy5SyABPGkkGECUlCHdrKdu2yQKWqstK3Hd0YM1uSXz12QqzaXGyJwwGvAGDCaBRUmJAs1Hlry5YtFqDQK9Du3eFPp4x8SA6QAoAJY+wgw0RK097e7gAKTdCEAAV0BQATXQ2XfcDEFKWjo8Px2kNd9IeGzL4bLtIhKmAKACaMwQGTsEBvv/22o08KdXLz64DB8J1hzwsFUgqTc0MXBf0lO3h5HcDEaS1aasP++bi3t9eZETGBUmDcMKEh3LJ3oNxSl+UfPZktGpqdDXR/zDKXBXhqiXUOz6aO/cY3fvocNydrk/BiScwZC8z5JWg2rkQDYOKu4MGDBx1AqamuVplHR0fFtWvX1DF2Ml+BccNEAiTSVh9BSaNVZT6aF0KGKY+HB1zJdAJSpE5C8jxuGx58NTthOAEmkdWm15uSkhILVBobGizHNDctLYOKkPkKJAyTL0xbLoYuXhKnzw2Jx+ZtUtD4xPfmK/XkJLxTfrtJxdF3fAkQmlfzkbnhwVefuXuRyjfenVtnmr8l0Xk5AZPoFjh+/LhoiGFpU+r0hpDZCiQMky//fIVFIRrJKSEhE+RUe/QqI8PH75KvSbNVz0p6BZLnLn8lX2a1bLeGaoX80xMOHBxQ8QcHjhivTlTWvU8lthgTYKKrHHnfrT+KvV2Fpj1AyFwFPIeJnESGVjqTQQJCDhfvHzyuoPHgrFdkNtHdO6DiZy4ML0mgMggh/qBNDHz67DmV9I/TstS5FLkxPzx0XGUax85bb71lqbbbHxAch2LWp8un00SOw20CeUrCMKGlA15/86yobOwQdz6yWD3Qzyw1OzW5tZfIsQ8EGb22QhaQ4CE4uAU5xJzyLVtv1l7qWveq8+ZkFRmnjbzzjopzKyfWOMAkdlhwYN1VUhKr7MjnQwUShol8+PXtc2MTzpAel0ecD3UsMKHy3ML+vkMKEhJE3xtryKUh43qQv0mPi3cfMPEOJvV1dfHKj/w+UiApMJn88AtKgrcvh+fWlJGxwORjd1qXE5Dn0lZC4vnVBeLCxbfV8axleXo2FW+JjPPADpOTr78u8OfUwPiyE4oOnvr6+jjVR3Y/KZAwTGQDLPUPueWBNeoBrm0xZ8IaHqH1SsxJZqQwKzYWqThZu6C0K1evqnhaiyRS+NpD64x83378ZdXQSp+U6ZVKD/br6mmx7tthQt3H8eeuAU2mxL3qHDp0KFbpkc9nCngGE7pvtxqH3mZCM1pR0ONu+fUaJdlLW0sVTCRk9h04KGYt22D8yf4n+nX+6gdmOw11eNPDW0MXVFl6fLz7gIk7ONyAeubMGWHvZ+IGF5omEiHzFPAUJm9fuqweYHrIZZA1BPrCIsPkR15QeYvrusSly8Pim4+ZixlRfvrUS0Ff1pEAQSF7Y6E6l/La20ooj6z9fPD2ucY54/0HMIkdJhIwtGyGhEhtba04fPiwqKyoUHGUVl1VNV6T4Lw0VcBTmNA9hj8NhxtDf/zkCuPhl7UNytfSbl2MWgKHtvdpkwHLiX4nPWCujULn0vIEev7Zy621Esojay8PzXafCJjyxBIAk/hhsq+nR4EjP9/84vbaa68J+2vQzp07YzEB8vhEAc9h8ny2OQaHHnb56iFrCV+93zpjOM29+e8Pr1dgoHaPhatzLdJJaGwuDP9Pdv16eHGkv/+Rc8V7KoCWjKRzaVW2RAJg4g1MyAaXLl0STU1NCjRUQyktdS4fkYi9cO7EKTBumMT7k+VM39QG4hbsjaeUR67QRl329SCXFyBYUB8Te+jo3m+AhGpJiQbAxDuYkC1o8F9TY6MFKKEQlolI1E/T4fyUweTFdduNB3za71bHfN8zFpgLHJU3tBvnFFc2i68/Em5X+eWzzjVlKeMPf5ttXMuLtUwAE29hQvah6SDti6njlSfmxyJtM6YMJl4oIF95aCuXevSi3GhlACbew4T0phoKjSaWDbVolI3mhf5I8xVMfvq71YLaVZauT6wdJB7TACbJgYm0QZNtygKaChLBnwr4Cia0MHWqA2CSXJhcuXLF0Yayf//+VJsZ1/NAAV/BxIP7jbsIwCS5MCGDXL582fHZeHDQuRxn3MbDCSlVADBh5AZMkg8TMgF1eKuurra0odDUkAj+UQAwYWwFmKQGJmSGY8eOibKyMgtQMPM946BplAyYMMYATFIHEzLFvn37HPPKAiiMk6ZJMmDCGAIwSS1MyBxdXV2W2gl9Nu7r62MsheSJVgAwYSwAmKQeJmQS+/woNFCQ2lUQ0lcBwISxDWAyMTAhs/T391tqKFgyg3HWCU4GTBgDACYTBxMyzYHeXgtQampqGIsheaIUAEwY5QGTiYUJmYfWM9a73efmWkeWMyZEcooUAEwYoQGTiYcJmSgnJ8cClKrK1A2pYFwEyWMKACaMKwAm6QETMpN9oa+BAXM2PsaESE6RAoAJIzRgkj4woUnLG21LkaIPCuPAKUwGTBixAZP0gQmZ6sSJE4IW89LbUDAwkHHiFCUDJozQgEl6wYTMZe+DQnPLXr9+nbEkkpOtAGDCKAyYpB9MyGTUI1avnVB7CsLEKgCYMPoDJukJEzIbLTeqA6WgoICxJpKTqQBgwqgLmKQvTMh0ubZPxoexYiDj0clLBkwYbQGT9IYJma/RNts9vvAwTp2kZMCEERYwSX+YkI3KtF6y1GP23LlzjGWR7LUCgAmjKGCS/jAhE9q/8GA9Y8axk5AMmDCiAib+gAmZcc+ePZYGWYzhYZzb42TAhBEUMPEPTMiU+Xl5FqBgHlnGwT1MBkwYMQETf8GEzNnR0WEBCs3chpB8BQATRmPAxH8wuXDhgijVutxXVFSIq1evMpZGcqIKACaMgoCJ/2BCJrU3yOaghyzj6YknAyaMhoCJP2FCZu3q7LS87tAYHoTkKQCYMNoCJv6FCZnW3kMWHdoYh08gGTBhxANM/A0TMi/VSPQxPBcvpn7NasbNMiIZMGHMCJj4Hybd3d0WmGCEMeP040wGTBjhABP/w4RMTBMo6bWTuro6xvJIjlcBwIRRDDDJDJiQme3tJ0cGBxnrIzkeBQATRi3AJHNgQqbW209ocODo6CjjAUiOVQHAhFEKMMksmDj6n+TkMB6A5FgVAEwYpQCTzIIJmdveINvT08N4AZJjUQAwYVQCTDIPJmRy+xo8vb29jCcgmVMAMGEUAkwyEyY0VmdXaan6wtPU1MR4ApI5BQATRiHAJDNhQmbv7+9XMKHPxjRDG8L4FQBMGO0Ak8yFCZm+uKjIAhR0t2ceiCjJgEkUcSgJMMlsmJCN9Qmp6XMxLUOKEL8CgAmjGWCS+TCxf93Zvm0b4xVIdlMAMHFTRYsDTDIfJmTuluZmy+sOvu5oD0GMu4AJIxRgEgyYkBvYPxdfunSJ8Q4k6woAJroaLvuASXBgcuTIEUvtBLPbuzwQUaIAkyjiUBJgEhyYkL0b6ustQMFk1MwDoiUDJpoYbruASbBgQj5A88Wq6QpKSgRNUI3AKwCYMBoBJsGDyZkzZ8IwCYWMthTGTZAshABMGDcATIIHE3IJ6l6vaiehkLEWD+MqgU8GTBgXAEyCCRNyC/vXHay9E/1hAUyi64MG2KHgwuTs2bOW2gm+7kR/WACT6PoAJgGGCblGTU2NBSj79u1jPCa4yYAJY3u85gS3ZiJdo7W1VQEFY3ekKs4tYOLUxBIDmAAmfX19CibUKLuzuNjiIzgwFQBMGE8ATAATcpFm29gddGZzPjiAiVMTSwxgAphIh2huaFA1lKbGRhmN7ZgCgAnjCoAJYCJdxD5VQVtbm0zCFp3WeB8ATAAT3UtCO3eq2gm1nxw9elRPDvQ+aiaM+QETwER3EZqFrbSkRAGl78ABPTnQ+4AJY37ABDCxu8iePXsUTKh2Qq8/CBibw/oAYAKYuDlJS0uLAgotmXHjxg23bIGKQ82EMTdgApi4ucjBgwcVTKh2UlVV5ZYtUHGACWNuwAQwieQidXV1FqBQ57YgB8CEsT5gAphEc5GKigoFFMAkmlJIw0C/gA/04x4BGvhHrznyL8iNsaiZMN6CmglqJoyLWEYWV5SXc9kzNh0wYUwLmAAmjIsI+0BAWiEwiAEwYawOmAAmjIsYyVWVlepVh155zp8/H8tpGZUHMGHMCZgAJoyLqGTZbkLbvB07VHxQdgATxtKACWDCuIhKrtS+7BBQOjs7VVoQdgATxsqACWDCuIgluVGbpqC+rs6SlukHgAljYcAEMGFcxJJ84MABS9tJkOaMBUwsruA8AEwAE6dXRI/JzclRQKEJqYMSABPG0oAJYMK4iCN5cHBQwYTaTsrLyhx5MjECMGGsCpgAJoyLuCYTQPSvO0EYVQyYuLpCOBIwAUzC3hD73vXr14U+K1sQGmMBE8Y/ABPAhHGRiMn5+fmW2snw8HDEvJmQAJgwVgRMABPGRaIm67WTTJ/zBDCJ6goCo4YxapjxkOjJpaWlltrJqVOnop/g41TAhDEeaiaomTAuwibrPWOLCgvZ/H7NAJgwlgNMABPGRdjk+vp6S+3k8OHD7Dl+zACYMFYDTAATxkViSq6uqlJAKcjPj+kcv2UCTBiLASaACeMiMSW32NYqzsTaCWDCuAJgApgwLhJzsj4BdX5eXszn+SUjYMJYCjABTBgXiTlZX2uHesdm2tKigAnjCoAJYMK4SFzJettJKBSK69x0zwyYMBYCTAATxkXiSm7Q5juh2snQ0FBc56dzZsCEsQ5gApgwLhJ3Mi0nKgcB1mbQFAWACeMKgAlgwrhI3Mn2XrHvvvtu3GWk4wmACWMVwAQwYVxkXMmyZkJbGhCYCQEwYawImAAmjIuMK1mfK7a0pGRcZaTbSYAJYxHABDBhXGRcye+9955qN6HaCTXM+j0AJowFARPAhHGRcSfTp2H5ukM1Fb8HwISxIGACmDAuMu7k/v5+BROCyqFDh8ZdVjqcCJgwVgBMABPGRRJKbmpsVECh0cV+DoAJYz3ABDBhXCShZP1Vh2oniQZqi6G1eyYiACaM6oAJYMK4SMLJst2Etl4sKbplyxZRW1tr1HgS/nFxFACYMGIBJoAJ4yIJJxcVFalXHS++6gwMDKjyCFAEFmqfSXYIHEyog1A8f9XV1RbD7OvpEfiLroHeh4L+l4xH7yDmJY1k7aSirMwTvRpss7tR+dQ+Q/6crBA4mEijYRv+LAktgqcF1YBOnjzpKVcAE+1bPx6q4D1UQbQ5DS7cWVzsKUiosMDBJN5qtGzIkk4X7/nIH99rJfTyRq+qykr16iR9l2bG7+3t9RwissDAwUTeeKzbkZERi1FiPQ/5oMBEKbB3717ls+Xl5SkbSAiYMBYHTBiBkJx2CjQ3N4vc3FzR3dWV0t8WeJjMzd4sZi3baPydOXveIT5g4pAEER4rsKWoSvkg+WIi4cKFC2Ki1jQONExuf2iRuGnSHPGJ7803tp+7d5nDjoCJQxJEeKhAeX274Xvkh/Lv1hkve3iF1BUVWJj0Hx40jPfdma8Yaj+7otA4nr8yx6I+YGKRAwdJUKCsvl2V+qnvLzD8UEWMc+eFNduM2s6ly8NGCbL2ffXqtXGWyJ8WWJjMWrbBMJqsVm4qqLQcS+kAE6kEtqlQ4DN3m7XlRK+1YFXumD9vEGt31Bv7f8xK7oxuAYbJRgs8unoPW46lMQETqQS2yVZgc6jZ8MG7Hl3syaU+cNscIWs6d3pUZrQfBpiMNXhtL6kDTKJ5CtKSqkB1W6/hf1/5xSoxOnrdk2v9fnmeUeZHJs/zpDyukMDCZO9+s81k6vSlhkb0ukMNYPOyN1s0Q83EIgcOkqDAK8VNhu/dOnODGB55x5Mr1LfuNcr8/LTlxra9s8eTcqMVEliYkCiTHlhoCP2dGa8Y25unLhQ3btyw6AWYWOTAgccKrNtaYvie/JIjty9tKx33lZraOowyv/vrFWJX3W5j/+d/Wjfu8mI9MdAwIXA8t6JQ3PVUjnjyxe3i8JGjDt0AE4ckiPBQgYaWdksfE/nVpXvf+Cc4kl9yDg4cMX6pLNPDn+1aVKBh4qqILRIwsQmCQygQQQHAJIIwMppWW2ttbVV/Mh5bKAAFrAoAJlY9cOSBArOXbzKq7qlY9lK+JtAWYWIVAEwmVv+0v7r8yiUbBiNtqaGPQnGl2Vdi0uPedAkfHhkRf1ieJz57zxLxiSnzxfQFWwQ1MMow8Ooxo4Hxo3fOl1HYTpACgMkECe+Xy8YLk289tt54uLeGahO+xQMHB8Qnp5jdy+0Q02sit01/2bgmDdpEmDgFAJOJ094XV6YvAgXljcbftvLwoLQv/iRLxVP66bPnxGsnTxkPNT34XoRb/9cEE5X39JIdYk7WJlX+Z+8x+wfRdRauNruOf+UXK724LMoYpwKAyTiFC+Jp10avq4f53x5c65BA1mJunbnJkkYPu/w8Seu6yCDjaKvHU/qrx06oa313ZnhY/lNLtqv43J01RlHXro2qOFk2tqlXADBJvea+vSIHk98u3mo81AQHPSxeGwbA7LG0WauLFQAWbyzXsxv7VIZ8tdHLW7jKvAal6fEyrwSMo0BEJF0BwCTpEmfOBTiYfPnnK1xhQgp8ePI8I+2vf7BYUHuHfPjvnhF+XdGV0mEyNyvcFnJwMFxj0WHy6bHRtnqcXh72k68AYJJ8jTPmChxMPnTH3Igw0ds7vvqrVUY+Gs4QKegw0cdLXbw0rECkg+NrD62LeO1I10C8twoAJt7qmdGlcTCRtQ39IdcFodGrMs+3p5uTUunp+r4OE71m0jdgfgqmcvTr/MfY+Co9Ti8P+8lXADBJvsYZcwUOJvQKY3/I5c3rrzaUJx6Y6ICI1Gbyd/csiXht+RuwTa4CgEly9c2o0jmY3Dcr3/WB3t1pDocniMiZxGi/raNb6UOwIWjQX1VThxg4Eq6BTJ4ZbjN5amm4MbeoolmdT+XRX/aGQhWHndQqAJikVm9fX42DCYGAHugHZ4VfYWh+DlljoQ5tNBpWPvh646s8l9LoszCFb491RqO4p17cbuln8qWfZVu0lGVeHh6xxOMgdQoAJqnT2vdX4mASqm41QPF+rdPad2aYvVPpYZc1ka/80myApTjq6EbhG4+aHdS+9Vi4G357V4+QjboSFnKr94DdmF9hXJd6yyJMnAKAycRp77srU8cy+SqyNjfk+vtvmjTbeLAbdvcYn4Bl/vqm8IJQ+iuNhIKExKbCSku5b7x52qiV0OvRp6cuFE8s3mrUbvRMzywzpyd8PitPj8Z+ihUATFIseKZfbs5ys8v7r55bH/Otyvl3qYv+eIIE0bnzQ+M5Hed4pABg4pGQKCaswDcfXS9onMzJU6fDkVH25qwNiVt+vUbUtIRrL1GyW5JWbS42rjV/fYklHgepVwAwSb3muCIUyEgFAJOMNCtuCgqkXgHAJPWa44pQICMVAEwy0qy4KSiQegX+H0tjCNLpUePwAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Let <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi></math> represent the perimeter of rectangle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>ORST</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Let <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi></math> represent the area of rectangle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>ORST</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>8</mn></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the dimensions of rectangle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>ORST</mi></math> that has maximum perimeter and determine the value of the maximum perimeter.</p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find an expression for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi></math> in terms of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the dimensions of rectangle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>ORST</mi></math> that has maximum area.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine the maximum area of rectangle&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>ORST</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><msqrt><mn>12</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></msqrt><mo>,</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>≤</mo><mi>a</mi></math>.&nbsp;The following diagram shows part of the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>.</p>
<p>The shaded region is enclosed by the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>, the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis and the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi></math>-axis.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> intersects the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis at the point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></mfenced></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the volume of the solid formed when the shaded region is revolved <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>360</mn><mo>°</mo></math> about the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>The graph of a function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> passes through the point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced><mrow><mi>ln</mi><mo> </mo><mn>4</mn><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></mfenced></math>.</p>
<p>Given that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>'</mo><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>6</mn><msup><mtext>e</mtext><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow></msup></math>, find <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced></math>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Consider the functions&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><msup><mfenced><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>h</mi></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>k</mi></math>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mi>k</mi></math>&nbsp;where&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>k</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">ℝ</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The graphs of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math> have a common tangent at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>'</mo><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mtext>e</mtext><mo>+</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence, show that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mtext>e</mtext><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mtext>e</mtext><mn>2</mn></msup><mn>4</mn></mfrac></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>ln</mi><mo> </mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>4</mn></msup></mfrac></math>&nbsp;for&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Consider the function defined by&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mfrac><mrow><mi>ln</mi><mo> </mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>4</mn></msup></mfrac></math>&nbsp;for&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math>&nbsp;and its graph&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mrow><mo>d</mo><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>d</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mo> </mo><mi>ln</mi><mo> </mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>5</mn></msup></mfrac></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> has a horizontal tangent at point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>P</mtext></math>. Find the coordinates of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>P</mtext></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Given that&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>''</mo><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>20</mn><mo> </mo><mi>ln</mi><mo> </mo><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>6</mn></msup></mfrac></math>,&nbsp;show that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>P</mtext></math> is a local maximum point.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Solve&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math>&nbsp;for&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math>, showing clearly the value of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-intercept and the&nbsp;approximate position of point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>P</mtext></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f’(x) = \frac{{3{x^2}}}{{{{({x^3} + 1)}^5}}}">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mn>3</mn>
      <mrow>
        <msup>
          <mi>x</mi>
          <mn>2</mn>
        </msup>
      </mrow>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mrow>
        <msup>
          <mrow>
            <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
            <mrow>
              <msup>
                <mi>x</mi>
                <mn>3</mn>
              </msup>
            </mrow>
            <mo>+</mo>
            <mn>1</mn>
            <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
          </mrow>
          <mn>5</mn>
        </msup>
      </mrow>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>. Given that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(0) = 1">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mn>0</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>1</mn>
</math></span>, find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x)">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A particle P starts from point O and moves along a straight line. The graph of its velocity, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="v">
  <mi>v</mi>
</math></span> ms<sup>−1</sup>&nbsp;after <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="t">
  <mi>t</mi>
</math></span> seconds, for 0 ≤ <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="t">
  <mi>t</mi>
</math></span> ≤ 6 , is shown in the following diagram.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="v">
  <mi>v</mi>
</math></span> has <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="t">
  <mi>t</mi>
</math></span>-intercepts when <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="t">
  <mi>t</mi>
</math></span> = 0, 2 and 4.</p>
<p>The function <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="s\left( t \right)">
  <mi>s</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>t</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span> represents the displacement of P from O after <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="t">
  <mi>t</mi>
</math></span> seconds.</p>
<p>It is known that P travels a distance of 15 metres in the first 2 seconds. It is also known that&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="s\left( 2 \right) = s\left( 5 \right)">
  <mi>s</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mn>2</mn>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>s</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mn>5</mn>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span> and&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\int_2^4 {v\,{\text{d}}t}&nbsp; = 9">
  <msubsup>
    <mo>∫<!-- ∫ --></mo>
    <mn>2</mn>
    <mn>4</mn>
  </msubsup>
  <mrow>
    <mi>v</mi>
    <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
    <mrow>
      <mtext>d</mtext>
    </mrow>
    <mi>t</mi>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>9</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="s\left( 4 \right) - s\left( 2 \right)">
  <mi>s</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mn>4</mn>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>−</mo>
  <mi>s</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mn>2</mn>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the total distance travelled in the first 5 seconds.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f'(x) = {\sin ^3}(2x)\cos (2x)">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>sin</mi>
      <mn>3</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mn>2</mn>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mi>cos</mi>
  <mo>⁡</mo>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mn>2</mn>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>. Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x)">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>, given that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( {\frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = 1">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mrow>
      <mfrac>
        <mi>π</mi>
        <mn>4</mn>
      </mfrac>
    </mrow>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>1</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A quadratic function <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> is given by <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x) = a{x^2} + bx + c">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mi>b</mi>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mi>c</mi>
</math></span>. The points <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="(0,{\text{ }}5)">
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mn>0</mn>
  <mo>,</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>&nbsp;</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mn>5</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="( - 4,{\text{ }}5)">
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>4</mn>
  <mo>,</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>&nbsp;</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mn>5</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span> lie on the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = f(x)">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y">
  <mi>y</mi>
</math></span>-coordinate of the minimum of the graph is 3.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the equation of the axis of symmetry of the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = f(x)">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="c">
  <mi>c</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a">
  <mi>a</mi>
</math></span> and of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="b">
  <mi>b</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Let&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right) = \frac{{6 - 2x}}{{\sqrt {16 + 6x - {x^2}} }}">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mn>6</mn>
      <mo>−</mo>
      <mn>2</mn>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <msqrt>
        <mn>16</mn>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>6</mn>
        <mi>x</mi>
        <mo>−</mo>
        <mrow>
          <msup>
            <mi>x</mi>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msup>
        </mrow>
      </msqrt>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>. The following diagram shows part of the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The region <em>R</em> is enclosed by the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span>, the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x">
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span>-axis, and the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y">
  <mi>y</mi>
</math></span>-axis. Find the area of <em>R</em>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Consider the graph of the function&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mi>k</mi><mi>x</mi></mfrac></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The equation of the tangent to the graph of&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced></math>&nbsp;at&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></math>&nbsp;is&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn><mi>x</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>′</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the gradient of this tangent.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Consider the curve with equation <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><msup><mtext>e</mtext><mrow><mi>k</mi><mi>x</mi></mrow></msup></math>, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">ℝ</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">ℚ</mi></math>.</p>
<p>The tangent to the curve at the point where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math> is parallel to the line <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><msup><mtext>e</mtext><mi>k</mi></msup><mi>x</mi></math>.</p>
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi></math>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right) = \frac{{{\text{ln}}\,5x}}{{kx}}">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>ln</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
      <mn>5</mn>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span> where&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x > 0">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>&gt;</mo>
  <mn>0</mn>
</math></span>,&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k \in {\mathbb{R}^ + }">
  <mi>k</mi>
  <mo>∈<!-- ∈ --></mo>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mrow>
        <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi>
      </mrow>
      <mo>+</mo>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> has exactly one maximum point P.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The second derivative of&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> is given by&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f''\left( x \right) = \frac{{2\,{\text{ln}}\,5x - 3}}{{k{x^3}}}">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>″</mo>
  </msup>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mn>2</mn>
      <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>ln</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
      <mn>5</mn>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
      <mn>3</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mrow>
        <msup>
          <mi>x</mi>
          <mn>3</mn>
        </msup>
      </mrow>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.&nbsp;The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> has exactly one&nbsp;point of inflexion Q.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f'\left( x \right) = \frac{{1 - {\text{ln}}\,5x}}{{k{x^2}}}">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mn>1</mn>
      <mo>−</mo>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>ln</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
      <mn>5</mn>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mi>k</mi>
      <mrow>
        <msup>
          <mi>x</mi>
          <mn>2</mn>
        </msup>
      </mrow>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the <em>x</em>-coordinate of P.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that the <em>x</em>-coordinate of Q is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{\text{1}}}{5}{{\text{e}}^{\frac{3}{2}}}">
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mtext>1</mtext>
    </mrow>
    <mn>5</mn>
  </mfrac>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>e</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mfrac>
          <mn>3</mn>
          <mn>2</mn>
        </mfrac>
      </mrow>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The region <em>R</em> is enclosed by the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span>, the <em>x</em>-axis, and the vertical lines through the maximum point P and the point of inflexion Q.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Given that the area of <em>R</em> is 3, find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k">
  <mi>k</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[7]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find&nbsp;<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\int {x{{\text{e}}^{{x^2} - 1}}{\text{d}}x} ">
  <mo>∫</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mrow>
      <msup>
        <mrow>
          <mtext>e</mtext>
        </mrow>
        <mrow>
          <mrow>
            <msup>
              <mi>x</mi>
              <mn>2</mn>
            </msup>
          </mrow>
          <mo>−</mo>
          <mn>1</mn>
        </mrow>
      </msup>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mtext>d</mtext>
    </mrow>
    <mi>x</mi>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x)">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>, given that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f’(x) = x{{\text{e}}^{{x^2} - 1}}">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>e</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mrow>
          <msup>
            <mi>x</mi>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msup>
        </mrow>
        <mo>−</mo>
        <mn>1</mn>
      </mrow>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
</math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f( - 1) = 3">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mo>−</mo>
  <mn>1</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>3</mn>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A cylinder with radius <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r">
  <mi>r</mi>
</math></span> and height <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="h">
  <mi>h</mi>
</math></span> is shown in the following diagram.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">The sum of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r">
  <mi>r</mi>
</math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="h">
  <mi>h</mi>
</math></span> for this cylinder is 12 cm.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down an equation for the area, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="A">
  <mi>A</mi>
</math></span>, of the <strong>curved</strong> surface in terms of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r">
  <mi>r</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{\text{d}}A}}{{{\text{d}}r}}">
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>d</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mi>A</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>d</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mi>r</mi>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r">
  <mi>r</mi>
</math></span> when the area of the curved surface is maximized.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A quadratic function <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> can be written in the form <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x) = a(x - p)(x - 3)">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>a</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mi>p</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>3</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>. The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> has axis of symmetry <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x = 2.5">
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>2.5</mn>
</math></span> and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y">
  <mi>y</mi>
</math></span>-intercept at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="(0,{\text{ }} - 6)">
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mn>0</mn>
  <mo>,</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>&nbsp;</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>6</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span></p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mi>p</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a"> <mi>a</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = kx - 5"> <mi>y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>5</mn> </math></span> is a tangent to the curve of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mi>f</mi> </math></span>. Find the values of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k"> <mi>k</mi> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[8]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Consider the function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> defined by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>ln</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>16</mn><mo>)</mo></math> for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>4</mn></math>.</p>
<p>The following diagram shows part of the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> which crosses the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis at point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>A</mtext></math>, with&nbsp;coordinates <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>,</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo></math>. The line <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>L</mi></math> is the tangent to the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> at the point <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>B</mtext></math>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the exact value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Given that the gradient of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>L</mi></math> is&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></math>,&nbsp;find the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-coordinate of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>B</mtext></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Consider <em>f</em>(<em>x</em>), <em>g</em>(<em>x</em>) and <em>h</em>(<em>x</em>), for x∈<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\mathbb{R}"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></span> where <em>h</em>(<em>x</em>) = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\left( {f \circ g} \right)"> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∘</mo> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </math></span>(<em>x</em>).</p>
<p>Given that <em>g</em>(3) = 7 , <em>g′</em> (3) = 4 and <em>f ′ </em>(7) = −5 , find the gradient of the normal to the curve of <em>h</em> at <em>x</em> = 3.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Particle A travels in a straight line such that its displacement, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi></math> metres, from a fixed origin&nbsp;after <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math> seconds is given by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>8</mn><mi>t</mi><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math>, for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>0</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>10</mn></math>, as shown in the following diagram.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAccAAAFZCAYAAADtkOSBAAAdq0lEQVR4Ae3du44j17mGYd/HhnNh4FxjKBYGVioMsJ1KwXYoJVamiaxMk1mJFFqBJrUATWwBnVvoG5B1A+or4MbfcjU4HJLNQx2+WuspYNDdZB3+er8avlzFtRZ/t7EggAACCCCAwBsEfvfGX/5AAAEEEEAAgQ05uggQQAABBBDYIUCOO0D8iQACCCCAADm6BhBAAAEEENghQI47QPyJAAIIIIAAOboGEEAAAQQQ2CFAjjtA/IkAAggggAA5ugYQQAABBBDYIUCOO0AS/vzpp39v/vCHJ5vf//5/7v998MGfEspSAwIIINANAXIMjPqzz/66ee+9P95X9u23/9h88cXfAqtUEgIIINAuAXIMzPb77/9533L8+eefA6tTEgIIINA+AXIMzfirr/5+33okyNCAlIUAAk0TIMeweP/85/99qKh+3/774Qm/IIAAAghMSoAcJ8V73s5//fXX+w44P/74r/sNqyOOzjjnMbQ2AgggMAYBchyD4kj7KCkOPVTrZ3XKGUQ50iHsBgEEEEDgBALkeAIkqyCAAAII9EWAHPvK29kigAACCJxAgBxPgDT3Kre3t/e3V29ubuY+tOMhgAACCGw2vuw47Sq4u7vbPH367r0cnzx5Z1OitCCAAAIIzEtAy3Fe3kePVmJ89uz9zYsXn9/L8dWr7zYEeRSZJxFAAIFJCJDjJFgv2+kvv/znXoy1dfVWraUEqfV4GU9bIYAAApcSIMdLyU283SDHiQ9j9wgggAACewiQ4x4oCQ+RY0IKakAAgV4JkGNo8uQYGoyyEECgCwLkGBozOYYGoywEEOiCADmGxkyOocEoCwEEuiBAjqExk2NoMMpCAIEuCJBjaMzkGBqMshBAoAsC5BgaMzmGBqMsBBDoggA5hsZMjqHBKAsBBLogQI6hMZNjaDDKQgCBLgiQY2jM5BgajLIQQKALAuQYGjM5hgajLAQQ6IIAOYbGTI6hwSgLAQS6IECOoTGTY2gwykIAgS4IkGNozOQYGoyyEECgCwLkGBozOYYGoywEEOiCADmGxkyOocEoCwEEuiBAjqExk2NoMMpCAIEuCJBjaMzkGBqMshBAoAsC5BgaMzmGBqMsBBDoggA5hsZMjqHBKAsBBLogQI6hMZNjaDDKQgCBLgiQY2jM5BgajLIQQKALAuQYGjM5hgajLAQQ6IIAOYbGTI6hwSgLAQS6IECOoTGTY2gwykIAgS4IkGNozOQYGoyyEECgCwLkGBozOYYGoywEEOiCADmGxkyOocEoCwEEuiBAjqExk2NoMMpCAIEuCJBjaMzkGBqMshBAoAsC5BgaMzmGBqMsBBDoggA5hsZMjqHBKAsBBLogQI6hMZNjaDDKQgCBLgiQY2jM5BgajLIQQKALAuQYGjM5hgajLAQQ6IIAOYbGTI6hwSgLAQS6IECOoTGTY2gwykIAgS4IkGNozOQYGoyyEECgCwLkGBozOYYGoywEEOiCADmGxkyOocEoCwEEuiBAjqExk2NoMMpCAIEuCJBjaMzkGBqMshBAoAsC5BgaMzmGBqMsBBDoggA5hsZMjqHBKAsBBLogQI6hMZNjaDDKQgCBLgiQY2jM5BgajLIQQKALAuQYGjM5hgajLAQQ6IIAOYbGTI6hwSgLAQS6IECOoTGTY2gwykIAgS4IkGNozOQYGoyyEECgCwLkGBozOYYGoywEEOiCADmGxkyOocEoCwEEuiBAjqExk2NoMMpCAIEuCJBjaMzkGBqMshBAoAsC5BgaMzmGBqMsBBDoggA5hsZMjqHBKAsBBLogQI6hMZNjaDDKQgCBLgiQY2jM5BgajLIQQKALAuQYGjM5hgajLAQQ6IIAOYbGTI6hwSgLAQS6IECOoTGTY2gwykIAgS4IkGNozOS4bDA3Nzeb169/2Lx8+eX9vxcvPt88f/7h3n8ff/zRw3rffPP1prb95Zf/LHsCjo4AAlcRIMer8E23MTlOx3Z7z3d3dw8SLPk9ffruptg/e/b+vQgHOQ7SK/Ht/tuW6KeffnK/3fZ+6rHa/vb2dvvQfkcAgWAC5BgaDjlOF0xJqlqCJcDiXFKsv0tyY7f4SqQlxhJkCfPJk3c21dKsx8Y+1nTE7BmB/giQY2jm5DhuMCWpElTJqSQ1yHDcozy+txLiq1ffPdRSgibKx7lZA4G5CZDj3MRPPB45ngjqyGolorotWjIchJh2a7Naq4O0S5QlzrrVa0EAgWUJkOOy/A8enRwPonn0iWol1q3LYljiSRPioRMoMdYt3mrdVsvWbddDpDyOwPQEyHF6xhcdgRzPx1ZyGVqJdatyrS2wkuLQmqyfJXsLAgjMS4Ac5+V98tHI8WRU97ciBymWIFtZSu51W7haktWiXEsLuBX+zqNvAuQYmj85Ph5MfV7XohR3z3xbktWSdLt1l5C/ERifADmOz3SUPZLjYYzVghrGJLbUUjx8xr89U5KszyLr2qgW5VpvGz92np5HIIEAOSaksKcGcnwbyiCHus3Ysxyq5Th03KnWswUBBMYnQI7jMx1lj+T4JsaSQEmxeqG6rfgbm+qoU7eVS5SYvHm9+AuBawmQ47UEJ9qeHH8DO7SSSgJaSW9fbNut6eqha0EAgXEIkOM4HEffCzlu7nuhDmP+fL52/BKrz2GH+WC1Io+z8iwCpxAgx1MoLbBOz3IsEdbt02otGuN3+sW33YrUyj6dmzUR2EeAHPdRCXisVzkOn6OVHLUWL7sQi2G1uGvYB4aXMbQVAuQYeg30KMdhwHtPwzOmuvxKitVRp261us06FWX7bZkAOYam25Mc64W8Wor1Qm4WmHEvyOENh9us43K1t/YJkGNoxr3IsWRYny26jTrdhTgMgylRWhBA4DQC5Hgap9nX6kGOXrTnu6yGNyE+h5yPuSOtmwA5hubXuhxrTF51GnG7b74LsG5f163r+qejznzcHWmdBMgxNLeW5Vitl7qV6vPFZS6+4u/z3WXYO+p6CJBjaFYtynG7B6WWy7IXXk1gXi13b1CWzcHRcwmQY2g2rclxuKWn403OBVdDZggyJw+VZBEgx6w8HqppSY41zq5u49XtPEsWgRJkXWvGlmbloprlCZDj8hnsraAVOdZtu2G2lr0n6sHFCRDk4hEoIJAAOQaGUiW1IMdBjMbXhV5kW2UNWWlBbkHxa9cEyDE0/rXL0Ytt6IV1pCyZHYHjqe4IkGNo5GuWoxfZ0IvqhLJkdwIkq3RBgBxDY16rHL24hl5QZ5QlwzNgWbVZAuQYGu0a5ehFNfRiuqCsmrmorkEzGF0AzyZNECDH0BjXJkdiDL2QriirOucYB3kFQJuumgA5hsa3JjnWAH/DNUIvpCvLIsgrAdp8tQTIMTS6tchxmPnGAP/QC2mEsoZJ4n1p8ggw7WI1BMgxNKo1yJEYQy+eCcoaJiuvzC0I9ECAHENTXoMca57U588/DCWorLEJEOTYRO0vmQA5hqaTLkcvlKEXzoRluVMwIVy7jiNAjnGR/FZQshxrOrj6Pka32EIvngnLGgRZX3llQaBlAuQYmm6qHPVeDL1gZizLsJ0ZYTvUYgTIcTH0xw+cKMd6Uay6bm5ujhfv2eYJ1DVQ10JdExYEWiRAjqGppsmxuvHXWEbf2hB6wSxQ1nAXwRCPBeA75OQEyHFyxJcdIEmOw+dMxjJelmXLW+mY1XK6fZ8bOYbmnyRHQzZCL5KQsp49e3/jjVNIGMoYjQA5joZy3B2lyFHP1HFzbXFvdWehbrnXTDoWBFohQI6hSSbIsb6RwcTToRdIWFlDZy0ddMKCUc7FBMjxYnTTbri0HHXAmTbfFvc+zMFq/GuL6fZ3TuQYmvmSchw64BjoHXpxBJdVnz2aUjA4IKWdTIAcT0Y174pLytEL3LxZt3S04Y1VfVZtQWDNBMgxNL2l5DiMXXNrLPTCWEFZ9bljfVZtsogVhKXEgwTI8SCaZZ9YQo5e1JbNvKWje5PVUpp9ngs5huY+txzdDgu9EFZclvGxKw5P6RtyDL0I5pajzxlDL4QVl1VvuOrbW4x/XHGIHZdOjqHhzynHYTyjzxlDL4YVl2X844rD67x0cgy9AOaS4zCesQRpQWAKAtVztaaY8+ZrCrr2ORUBcpyK7JX7nUuONSbNeMYrw7L5owRcZ48iskIYAXIMC2QoZw45ekc/0PZzagLuUExN2P7HJkCOYxMdaX9Ty9FnQSMFZTcnEzC842RUVgwgQI4BIewrYUo5Graxj7jH5iBQwzvqnwWBdALkGJrQlHKszxjNfxkafONl1Ruzmj1HB7DGg27g9MgxNMSp5FhTetWLU30GZEFgCQKGDi1B3THPJUCO5xKbaf0p5Fjv2g3KnilAhzlKwO3Vo3g8GUCAHANC2FfCFHJ0O3UfaY8tQcDt1SWoO+Y5BMjxHFozrju2HN1OnTE8hzqJgNurJ2Gy0kIEyHEh8I8ddkw5up36GG3PL0XA7dWlyDvuYwTI8TFCCz0/phxrsL/eqQsF6bBHCbi9ehSPJxckQI4Lwj926LHkaLD/McqeSyBQkwNUR7ESpQWBFALkmJLETh1jybEmfK6WowWBZALmXk1Op8/ayDE09zHkWN+jV3K0IJBOYJh7tTqOWRBIIECOCSnsqeFaOXqx2QPVQ9EEhonwo4tUXDcEyDE06mvlWL0AP/30k9CzUxYC+wn4GGA/F4/OT4Ac52d+0hGvkeMwplEHh5NQWymIwHDtmt4wKJROSyHH0OAvleMwprF6AFoQWCMBMzmtMbX2aibH0EwvlaMxjaGBKutkAsY+nozKihMSIMcJ4V6z60vkWLeiarsa22hBYM0EjH1cc3pt1E6OoTleIsfqhFO3pCwItECgxj4ao9tCkus8B3IMze1cOQ4dGXTCCQ1UWWcTGGZ30jnnbHQ2GIEAOY4AcYpdnCvHmn5LJ5wpkrDPJQnonLMk/b6PTY6h+Z8jRzPhhIaorKsJ6JxzNUI7uJAAOV4IburNTpXj8OJh2q2pE7H/pQgMnXOWOr7j9kmAHENzP1WOddupOuJYEGiZgM45LaebeW7kmJnL/ZCMx0obhm7osPAYKc+vncDQ4cy1vvYk11M/OYZmdUrL0bvp0PCUNQmBmivYfMGToLXTPQTIcQ+UhIcek+PwTtrQjYS01DAHgWo1Pnnyzsbn63PQdgxyDL0GHpOjVmNocMqalIDpESfFa+dbBMhxC0bSr8fkqPdeUlJqmZNA3SkxpndO4v0eixxDsz8mRy8OoaEpaxYC3hzOgrn7g5Bj6CVwSI71wlBfCGtBoGcCPlboOf15zp0c5+F89lH2yXG4paRDwtk4bdAYAR3SGgs08HTIMTCUKmmfHHVGCA1LWYsQ8C00i2Dv5qDkGBr1rhxNExcalLIWI2ASjMXQd3FgcgyNeVeOWo2hQSlrUQImBlgUf9MHJ8fQeLflqNUYGpKyFifg/8biETRbADmGRrstR63G0JCUFUHA/4+IGJorghxDIx3k6J1xaEDKiiHg/0hMFE0VQo6hcQ5y9K44NCBlRREw/jcqjiaKIcfQGEuO3hGHhqOsSAJmjoqMZbaifv75581nn/11tOOR42gox91RyVGrcVym9tY2AdPKtZ3vse/y/Omnf2/ee++Pm2+//cdoEMhxNJTj7qjk6Ot5xmVqb+0TqKkVS5KWtggMMyLd3t6+dWLff//P+0lT6jWz/n311d/fWueSB8jxEmozbFMh1/yRFgQQOJ1AvYjW7dX6SMLSFoF601MNhn2CLCF+8MGfRj3h0eQ4WNvP39694ICDa8A14BqY5hrYvcVaYhyrxTgYdjQ5Djv0cxwC9Z/KggAC5xMYbsFpPZ7PLnmLyrNum9esSNtLdcSp18v63HHMhRzHpDnivshxRJh21R0BX2nVVuSHxFhnWS3G6owz9kKOYxMdaX/kOBJIu+mSgNZjW7HX54wvXny+96T+8pf/23zxxd/cVt1Lp8EHybHBUJ3SrAS0HmfFvdjB6vPG+vfjj/8atQYtx1FxjrczchyPpT31SaBaG9W70WePfeZ/7VmT47UEJ9qeHCcCa7ddEajOGzWZhgWBcwmQ47nEZlqfHGcC7TBNE6gu/1qPTUc82cmR42Ror9sxOV7Hz9YIDAS0HgcSfp5DgBzPoTXjuuQ4I2yHapqA1mPT8U52cuQ4GdrrdkyO1/GzNQLbBLQet2n4/RQC5HgKpQXWIccFoDtkswS0HpuNdrITI8fJ0F63Y3K8jp+tEdgloPW4S8TfxwiQ4zE6Cz5HjgvCd+gmCWg9NhnrZCdFjpOhvW7H5HgdP1sjsI+A1uM+Kh7bR4Ac91EJeIwcA0JQQnMEzLnaXKSTnRA5Tob2uh2T43X8bI3AIQLmXD1ExuPbBMhxm0bQ7+QYFIZSmiKg9dhUnJOdDDlOhva6HZPjdfxsjcAxAlqPx+h4rgiQY+h1QI6hwSirCQJaj03EOOlJkOOkeC/fOTlezs6WCJxCoFqPr159d8qq1umQADmGhk6OocEoqxkC1Xp8+vTdZs7HiYxLgBzH5Tna3shxNJR2hMBBAiVHrceDeLp+ghxD4yfH0GCU1RSBEqPWY1ORjnYy5DgaynF3RI7j8rQ3BA4R0Ho8RKbvx8kxNH9yDA1GWc0RqNZjdc6xILBNgBy3aQT9To5BYSileQLVeqwOOhYEBgLkOJAI+0mOYYEop2kCL19+qfXYdMLnnxw5ns9sli3IcRbMDoLAPYG7u7vNkyfvbG5vbxFB4J4AOYZeCOQYGoyymiVQrcf6SisLAkWAHEOvA3IMDUZZzRKoL0Ou/3f104IAOYZeA+QYGoyymiZQLUetx6YjPvnkyPFkVPOuSI7z8nY0BIpAtRrrs8f6DNLSNwFyDM2fHEODUVbzBD7++KNNff5o6ZsAOYbmT46hwSireQLD11k1f6JO8CgBcjyKZ7knyXE59o6MgK+zcg2QY+g1QI6hwSirCwImJO8i5qMnSY5H8Sz3JDkux96RESgCNaXc69c/gNEpAXIMDZ4cQ4NRVjcEvvnma1PKdZP22ydKjm8ziXiEHCNiUETHBEwp13H4ZsjJDZ8cc7NRWT8ETCnXT9a7Z6rluEsk5G9yDAlCGV0TMKVcv/GTY2j25BgajLK6I1DTyZkUoLvYTTyeGjk5piajrt4I1NdYmVKut9R9K0ds4uQYG43COiRgUoD+QndbNTRzcgwNRlldEjApQH+xk2No5uQYGoyyuiVQkwLUvKuWPgiQY2jO5BgajLK6JWBSgL6iJ8fQvMkxNBhldUtgmBSghndY2idAjqEZk2NoMMrqmkAN66h/lvYJkGNoxuQYGoyyuiZQrUbDOvq4BMgxNGdyDA1GWd0TqGEd9fmjpW0C5BiaLzmGBqOs7glUj9XquWppmwA5huZLjqHBKAsB3/XYxTVAjqExk2NoMMpCYLPZ1KQAdXvV0i4BcgzNlhxDg1EWApvNxrCO9i8DcgzNmBxDg1EWAv8lYFhH25cCOYbmS46hwSgLgf8SMKyj7UuBHEPzJcfQYJSFwBYBwzq2YDT2KzmGBkqOocEoC4EtAq9f/2BYxxaPln4lx9A0yTE0GGUhsEPAt3XsAGnkT3IMDZIcQ4NRFgI7BGq2nI8//mjnUX+unQA5hiZIjqHBKAuBHQI1rKP+v/q2jh0wK/+THEMDJMfQYJSFwB4CNazj5csv9zzjobUSIMfQ5MgxNBhlIbCHwO3t7f23dex5ykMrJUCOocGRY2gwykLgAIFnz96/n1buwNMeXhkBcgwNjBxDg1EWAgcImG/1AJiVPkyOocGRY2gwykLgAIFhvtW6xWpZPwFyDM2QHEODURYCRwi8ePH5pjrnWNZPgBxDMyTH0GCUhcARAuZbPQJnZU+RY2hg5BgajLIQeIRAzbdanz9a1k2AHEPzI8fQYJSFwCMESozVc9WybgLkGJofOYYGoywETiDw5Mk7m5ubmxPWtEoqAXIMTYYcQ4NRFgInEKjZcnTMOQFU8CrkGBoOOYYGoywETiBQHXPq/3AN77CskwA5huZGjqHBKAuBEwnUN3XUN3ZY1kmAHENzI8fQYJSFwIkEfBHyiaBCVyPH0GDIMTQYZSFwBgFfhHwGrLBVyTEskKEcchxI+InAegnomLPe7MgxNDtyDA1GWQicQUDHnDNgha1KjmGBDOWQ40DCTwTWTUDHnHXmR46huZFjaDDKQuBMAjrmnAksZHVyDAlitwxy3CXibwTWS0DHnPVlR46hmZFjaDDKQuACAjrmXABt4U3IceEADh2eHA+R8TgC6yOgY876MiPH0MzIMTQYZSFwIQEdcy4Et9Bm5LgQ+McOS46PEfI8AusiUB1zfJXVejIjx9CsyDE0GGUhcAWB6phze3t7xR5sOhcBcpyL9JnHIcczgVkdgRUQePHic19ltYKcqkRyDA2KHEODURYCVxCojjn1Rci+yuoKiDNtSo4zgT73MOR4LjHrI7AOAs+ff7h59eq7dRTbcZXkGBo+OYYGoywEriRQYtQx50qIM2xOjjNAvuQQ5HgJNdsgsA4CdWu1brFacgmQY2g25BgajLIQGIHAp59+sqnOOZZcAuQYmg05hgajLARGIFDDOar1aMklQI6h2ZBjaDDKQmAkAvW5o445I8GcYDfkOAHUMXZJjmNQtA8EcgmUGGtKOUsmAXLMzGVDjqHBKAuBkQjUWMf6f65jzkhAR94NOY4MdKzdkeNYJO0HgVwC1TGnvs7KkkeAHPMyua+IHEODURYCIxK4ubnZ1HyrljwC5JiXyX1F5BgajLIQGJlAybEkackiQI5ZeTxUQ44PKPyCQNME6rZq3V61ZBEgx6w8HqohxwcUfkGgaQLVIaf+v5uMPCtmcszK46EacnxA4RcEmidgMvK8iMkxL5P7isgxNBhlITABAZORTwD1yl2S45UAp9qcHKcia78IZBIwGXlWLuSYlcdDNeT4gMIvCHRBwGTkWTGTY1YeD9WQ4wMKvyDQBYGajNyYx5yoyTEnizcqIcc3cPgDgS4IlBxfv/6hi3NNP0lyDE2IHEODURYCExL45puvjXmckO85uybHc2jNuC45zgjboRAIIWDMY0gQm82GHHOyeKMScnwDhz8Q6IZAfY1VtSAtyxIgx2X5Hzw6OR5E4wkEmiZgzGNGvOSYkcNbVZDjW0g8gEA3BIx5XD5qclw+g70VkONeLB5EoAsCxjwuHzM5Lp/B3grIcS8WDyLQBQFjHpePmRyXz2BvBeS4F4sHEeiGgDGPy0ZNjsvyP3h0cjyIxhMIdEHAmMdlYybHZfkfPDo5HkTjCQS6IGDM47Ixk+Oy/A8enRwPovEEAt0Q8D2Py0VNjsuxP3pkcjyKx5MIdEHAmMflYibH5dgfPTI5HsXjSQS6IHB3d7cx5nGZqMlxGe6PHpUcH0VkBQS6IFBjHl++/LKLc006SXJMSmOrFnLcguFXBDomUF9h5Xse578AyHF+5icdkRxPwmQlBLogUD1XLfMSIMd5eZ98NHI8GZUVEUAAgdEJkOPoSMfZITmOw9FeEEAAgUsIkOMl1GbYhhxngOwQCCCAwAEC5HgAzNIPk+PSCTg+Agj0TIAcQ9Mnx9BglIUAAl0QIMfQmMkxNBhlIYBAFwTIMTRmcgwNRlkIINAFAXIMjZkcQ4NRFgIIdEGAHENjJsfQYJSFAAJdECDH0JjJMTQYZSGAQBcEyDE0ZnIMDUZZCCDQBQFyDI2ZHEODURYCCHRBgBxDYybH0GCUhQACXRAgx9CYyTE0GGUhgEAXBMgxNGZyDA1GWQgg0AUBcgyNmRxDg1EWAgh0QYAcQ2Mmx9BglIUAAl0QIMfQmMkxNBhlIYBAFwTIMTRmcgwNRlkIINAFAXIMjZkcQ4NRFgIIdEGAHENjJsfQYJSFAAJdECDH0JjJMTQYZSGAQBcEyDE0ZnIMDUZZCCDQBQFyDI2ZHEODURYCCHRBgBxDYybH0GCUhQACXRAgx9CYyTE0GGUhgEAXBMgxNGZyDA1GWQgg0AUBcgyNmRxDg1EWAgh0QYAcQ2Mmx9BglIUAAl0QIMcuYnaSCCCAAALnECDHc2hZFwEEEECgCwLk2EXMThIBBBBA4BwC5HgOLesigAACCHRBgBy7iNlJIoAAAgicQ4Acz6FlXQQQQACBLgiQYxcxO0kEEEAAgXMIkOM5tKyLAAIIINAFgf8H0ILGurXtGggAAAAASUVORK5CYII="></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Particle A starts at the origin and passes through the origin again when <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>p</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Particle A changes direction when <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>q</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The total distance travelled by particle A is given by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>q</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the displacement of particle A from the origin when <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>q</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the distance of particle A from the origin when <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>A second particle, particle B, travels along the same straight line such that its velocity is given&nbsp;by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>14</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>t</mi></math>, for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></math>.</p>
<p>When <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>k</mi></math>, the distance travelled by particle B is equal to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi></math>.</p>
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Maria owns a cheese factory. The amount of cheese, in kilograms, Maria sells in one week, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="Q">
  <mi>Q</mi>
</math></span>, is given by</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="Q = 882 - 45p">
  <mi>Q</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>882</mn>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>45</mn>
  <mi>p</mi>
</math></span>,</p>
<p>where <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p">
  <mi>p</mi>
</math></span> is the price of a kilogram of cheese in euros (EUR).</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>Maria earns <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="(p - 6.80){\text{ EUR}}">
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>p</mi>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>6.80</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>&nbsp;EUR</mtext>
  </mrow>
</math></span> for each kilogram of cheese sold.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>To calculate her weekly profit <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="W">
  <mi>W</mi>
</math></span>, in EUR, Maria multiplies the amount of cheese she sells by the amount she earns per kilogram.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down how many kilograms of cheese Maria sells in one week if the price of a kilogram of cheese is 8 EUR.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find how much Maria earns in one week, from selling cheese, if the price of a kilogram of cheese is 8 EUR.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down an expression for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="W">
  <mi>W</mi>
</math></span> in terms of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p">
  <mi>p</mi>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the price, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p">
  <mi>p</mi>
</math></span>, that will give Maria the highest weekly profit.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The point A has coordinates (4 , −8) and the point B has coordinates (−2 , 4).</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The point D has coordinates (−3 , 1).</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the coordinates of C, the midpoint of line segment AB.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the gradient of the line DC.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the equation of the line DC. Write your answer in the form <em>ax</em> + <em>by</em> + <em>d</em> = 0 where <em>a</em> , <em>b</em> and <em>d</em> are integers.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>A potter sells <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x">
  <mi>x</mi>
</math></span> vases per month.</p>
<p>His monthly profit in Australian dollars (AUD) can be modelled by</p>
<p><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block" alttext="P\left( x \right) =&nbsp; - \frac{1}{5}{x^3} + 7{x^2} - 120{\text{,}}\,\,x \geqslant 0.">
  <mi>P</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mn>1</mn>
    <mn>5</mn>
  </mfrac>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>3</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mn>7</mn>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mi>x</mi>
      <mn>2</mn>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>120</mn>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>,</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
  <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>⩾<!-- ⩾ --></mo>
  <mn>0.</mn>
</math></span></p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="P">
  <mi>P</mi>
</math></span> if no vases are sold.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Differentiate <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="P\left( x \right)">
  <mi>P</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><strong>Hence</strong>, find the number of vases that will maximize the profit.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x) = 15 - {x^2}"> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mn>15</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></span>, for <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x \in \mathbb{R}"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></span>. The following diagram shows part of the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mi>f</mi> </math></span> and the rectangle OABC, where A is on the negative <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span>-axis, B is on the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mi>f</mi> </math></span>, and C is on the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y"> <mi>y</mi> </math></span>-axis.</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-02-11_om_13.13.04.png" alt="N17/5/MATME/SP1/ENG/TZ0/06"></p>
<p>Find the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x"> <mi>x</mi> </math></span>-coordinate of A that gives the maximum area of OABC.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>The derivative of a function <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> is given by <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f'(x) = 2{{\text{e}}^{ - 3x}}">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>2</mn>
  <mrow>
    <msup>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>e</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mrow>
        <mo>−</mo>
        <mn>3</mn>
        <mi>x</mi>
      </mrow>
    </msup>
  </mrow>
</math></span>. The graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f">
  <mi>f</mi>
</math></span> passes through <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\left( {\frac{1}{3}{\text{,}}\,\,5} \right)">
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mrow>
      <mfrac>
        <mn>1</mn>
        <mn>3</mn>
      </mfrac>
      <mrow>
        <mtext>,</mtext>
      </mrow>
      <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
      <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
      <mn>5</mn>
    </mrow>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
<p>Find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(x)">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The diagram shows part of the graph of a function <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = f(x)">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>. The graph passes through point <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{A}}(1,{\text{ }}3)">
  <mrow>
    <mtext>A</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mn>1</mn>
  <mo>,</mo>
  <mrow>
    <mtext>&nbsp;</mtext>
  </mrow>
  <mn>3</mn>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2017-08-16_om_06.22.37.png" alt="M17/5/MATSD/SP1/ENG/TZ2/13"></p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The tangent to the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = f(x)">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span> at A has equation <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y =&nbsp; - 2x + 5">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
  <mn>2</mn>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo>+</mo>
  <mn>5</mn>
</math></span>. Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="N">
  <mi>N</mi>
</math></span> be the normal to the graph of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y = f(x)">
  <mi>y</mi>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
  <mi>x</mi>
  <mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</math></span> at A.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write down the value of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f(1)"> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the equation of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="N"> <mi>N</mi> </math></span>. Give your answer in the form <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="ax + by + d = 0"> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mi>y</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </math></span> where <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a"> <mi>a</mi> </math></span>, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="b"> <mi>b</mi> </math></span>, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="d \in \mathbb{Z}"> <mi>d</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> </math></span>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw the line <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="N"> <mi>N</mi> </math></span> on the diagram above.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Consider the function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> defined by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>6</mn><mo> </mo><mi>cos</mi><mo> </mo><mi>x</mi></math>, for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>0</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>π</mi></math>.</p>
<p>The following diagram shows the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></math>.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> touches the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis at points <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>A</mtext></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>B</mtext></math>, as shown. The shaded region is&nbsp;enclosed by the graph of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></math> and the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-axis, between the points&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>A</mtext></math>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>B</mtext></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The right cone in the following diagram has a total surface area of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>12</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></math>, equal to the shaded&nbsp;area in the previous diagram.</p>
<p>The cone has a base radius of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn></math>, height <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi></math>, and slant height <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi></math>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>-coordinates of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>A</mtext></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>B</mtext></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that the area of the shaded region is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>12</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hence, find the volume of the cone.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The following diagram shows a ball attached to the end of a spring, which is suspended from a ceiling.</p>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>The height, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi></math> metres, of the ball above the ground at time <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math> seconds after being released can be modelled by the function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi><mfenced><mi>t</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn><mo> </mo><mi>cos</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></mfenced><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn></math> where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></math>.</p>
</div>

<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the height of the ball above the ground when it is released.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the minimum height of the ball above the ground.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Show that the ball takes <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn></math> seconds to return to its initial height above the ground for the first time.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>For the first 2 seconds of its motion, determine the amount of time that the ball is less than&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt></math>&nbsp;metres above the ground.</p>
<div class="marks">[5]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Find the rate of change of the ball’s height above the ground when&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></math>.&nbsp;Give your answer in the form&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi><msqrt><mi>q</mi></msqrt><mo> </mo><msup><mi>ms</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>&nbsp;where&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">ℚ</mi></math>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>q</mi><mo>∈</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">ℤ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math>.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Given that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mrow><mo>d</mo><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>d</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mi>cos</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi><mn>4</mn></mfrac></mrow></mfenced></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></math> when <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></mrow><mn>4</mn></mfrac></math>, find <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi></math> in terms of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>The derivative of a function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi></math> is given by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mo>'</mo><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><msqrt><mi>x</mi></msqrt></math>.</p>
<p>Given that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mn>1</mn></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn></math>, find the value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mn>4</mn></mfenced></math>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Let <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f'\left( x \right) = \frac{{8x}}{{\sqrt {2{x^2} + 1} }}">
  <msup>
    <mi>f</mi>
    <mo>′</mo>
  </msup>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mfrac>
    <mrow>
      <mn>8</mn>
      <mi>x</mi>
    </mrow>
    <mrow>
      <msqrt>
        <mn>2</mn>
        <mrow>
          <msup>
            <mi>x</mi>
            <mn>2</mn>
          </msup>
        </mrow>
        <mo>+</mo>
        <mn>1</mn>
      </msqrt>
    </mrow>
  </mfrac>
</math></span>. Given that <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( 0 \right) = 5">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mn>0</mn>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
  <mo>=</mo>
  <mn>5</mn>
</math></span>, find <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f\left( x \right)">
  <mi>f</mi>
  <mrow>
    <mo>(</mo>
    <mi>x</mi>
    <mo>)</mo>
  </mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Consider the curve <em>y</em> = 5<em>x</em><sup>3 </sup>−&nbsp;3<em>x</em>.</p>
</div>

<div class="specification">
<p>The curve has a tangent at the point P(−1, −2).</p>
</div>

<div class="question">
<p>Find the equation of this tangent. Give your answer in the form <em>y</em> = <em>mx</em> + <em>c</em>.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br>