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<h2>HL Paper 2</h2><div class="specification">
<p>Two hydrides of nitrogen are ammonia and hydrazine, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}">
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</math></span>. One derivative of ammonia is methanamine whose molecular structure is shown below.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2017-09-20_om_11.35.47.png" alt="M17/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/05"></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Hydrazine is used to remove oxygen from water used to generate steam or hot water.</p>
<p><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block" alttext="{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{(aq)}} + {{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{(aq)}} \to {{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{(g)}} + {\text{2}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O(l)}}">
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">→<!-- → --></mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(g)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>O(l)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span></p>
<p>The concentration of dissolved oxygen in a sample of water is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="8.0 \times {10^{ - 3}}{\text{ g}}\,{\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 3}}">
<mn>8.0</mn>
<mo>×<!-- × --></mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mn>10</mn>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span>.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Estimate the H−N−H bond angle in methanamine using VSEPR theory.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the electron domain geometry around the nitrogen atom and its hybridization in methanamine.</p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Ammonia reacts reversibly with water.<br><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block" alttext="{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{(g)}} + {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O(l)}} \rightleftharpoons {\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}^ + {\text{(aq)}} + {\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }{\text{(aq)}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(g)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>O(l)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">⇌</mo>
<msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>NH</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span><br>Explain the effect of adding <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{{\text{H}}^ + }{\text{(aq)}}">
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span> ions on the position of the equilibrium.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Hydrazine reacts with water in a similar way to ammonia. (The association of a molecule of hydrazine with a second H<sup>+</sup> is so small it can be neglected.)</p>
<p><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block" alttext="{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{(aq)}} + {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O(l)}} \rightleftharpoons {{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}^ + {\text{(aq)}} + {\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }{\text{(aq)}}">
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>O(l)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">⇌</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>5</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span></p>
<p><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block" alttext="{\text{p}}{K_{\text{b}}}{\text{ (hydrazine)}} = 5.77">
<mrow>
<mtext>p</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mrow>
<mtext>b</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> (hydrazine)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>5.77</mn>
</math></span></p>
<p>Calculate the pH of a <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="0.0100{\text{ mol}}\,{\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 3}}">
<mn>0.0100</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> mol</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span> solution of hydrazine.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest a suitable indicator for the titration of hydrazine solution with dilute sulfuric acid using section 22 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline, using an ionic equation, what is observed when magnesium powder is added to a solution of ammonium chloride.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine the enthalpy change of reaction, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\Delta H">
<mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi>
<mi>H</mi>
</math></span>, in kJ, when 1.00 mol of gaseous hydrazine decomposes to its elements. Use bond enthalpy values in section 11 of the data booklet.</p>
<p><span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block" alttext="{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{(g)}} \to {{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{(g)}} + {\text{2}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{(g)}}">
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(g)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">→</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(g)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(g)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The standard enthalpy of formation of <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{(l)}}">
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(l)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span> is <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" + 50.6{\text{ kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}">
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>50.6</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span>. Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\Delta {H_{{\text{vap}}}}">
<mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>H</mi>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>vap</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</math></span>, of hydrazine in <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span>. <span class="mjpage mjpage__block"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block" alttext="{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{(l)}} \to {{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{(g)}}">
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(l)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">→</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(g)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span> (If you did not get an answer to (f), use <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" - 85{\text{ kJ}}">
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>85</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span> but this is not the correct answer.)</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate, showing your working, the mass of hydrazine needed to remove all the dissolved oxygen from <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{1000 d}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>1000 d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span> of the sample.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">h.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the volume, in <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span>, of nitrogen formed under SATP conditions. (The volume of 1 mol of gas = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{24.8 d}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>24.8 d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span> at SATP.)</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">h.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>107°</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept 100° </em><em>to < </em><em>109.5°.</em></p>
<p><em>Literature value = </em><em>105.8°</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>tetrahedral</p>
<p>sp<sup>3</sup></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>No ECF allowed.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>removes/reacts with <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }">
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span></p>
<p>moves to the right/products «to replace <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }">
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span> ions»</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept ionic equation for M1.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>K</em><sub>b</sub> = 10<sup>–5.77</sup> / 1.698 x 10<sup>–6</sup><br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{K_{\text{b}}} = \frac{{\left[ {{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{H}}_5^ + } \right] \times \left[ {{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }} \right]}}{{\left[ {{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_4}} \right]}}">
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mrow>
<mtext>b</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>[</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>5</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>[</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>[</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p> [OH<sup>–</sup>]<sup>2</sup> «= 1.698 × 10<sup>–6</sup> × 0.0100» = 1.698 × 10<sup>–8</sup></p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>[OH<sup>–</sup>] «<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" = \sqrt {1.698 \times {{10}^{ - 8}}} ">
<mo>=</mo>
<msqrt>
<mn>1.698</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>8</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</math></span>» = 1.303 × 10<sup>–4</sup> «mol dm<sup>–3</sup>»</p>
<p>pH «<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" = - {\text{lo}}{{\text{g}}_{10}}\frac{{1 \times {{10}^{ - 14}}}}{{1.3 \times {{10}^{ - 4}}}}">
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>lo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>14</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1.3</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span>» = 10.1</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award [3] for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><em>Give appropriate credit for other methods containing errors that do not yield correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[3 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>methyl red</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>bromocresol green</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>bromophenol blue</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>methyl orange</p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>bubbles</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>gas</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>magnesium disappears</p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{2NH}}_{\text{4}}^ + {\text{(aq)}} + {\text{Mg(s)}} \to {\text{M}}{{\text{g}}^{{\text{2}} + }}{\text{(aq)}} + {\text{2N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{(aq)}} + {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{(g)}}">
<msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>2NH</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>Mg(s)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">→</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>M</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>2N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(g)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do </em><strong><em>not </em></strong><em>accept “hydrogen” without </em><em>reference to observed changes.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept "smell of ammonia".</em></p>
<p><em>Accept 2H<sup>+</sup></em><em>(aq) + </em><em>Mg(s) </em><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \to ">
<mo stretchy="false">→</mo>
</math></span><em> </em><em>Mg</em><sup><em>2+</em></sup><em>(aq) + </em><em>H</em><sub><em>2</em></sub><em>(g)</em></p>
<p><em>Equation must be ionic.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>bonds broken</em>:</p>
<p>E(N–N) + 4E(N–H)</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="158{\text{ }}\ll {\text{kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}\gg + 4 \times 391{\text{ }}\ll {\text{kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}\gg /1722{\text{ }}\ll {\text{kJ}}\gg ">
<mn>158</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>391</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>/</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>1722</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p><em>bonds formed</em>:</p>
<p>E(N<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \equiv ">
<mo>≡</mo>
</math></span>N) + 2E(H–H)</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="945{\text{ }}\ll {\text{kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}\gg + 2 \times 436{\text{ }}\ll {\text{kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}\gg /1817{\text{ }}\ll {\text{kJ}}\gg ">
<mn>945</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>436</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>/</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>1817</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\ll \Delta H = {\text{bonds broken}} - {\text{bonds formed}} = 1722 - 1817 = \gg - 95{\text{ }}\ll {\text{kJ}}\gg ">
<mo>≪</mo>
<mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi>
<mi>H</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>bonds broken</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>bonds formed</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1722</mn>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1817</mn>
<mo>=≫</mo>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>95</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award [3] for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><em>Award [2 max] for +</em><em>95 </em><strong><em>«</em></strong><em>kJ</em><strong><em>»</em></strong><em>.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[3 marks]</em></strong></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2017-09-20_om_14.03.34.png" alt="M17/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/05.g/M"></p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\Delta {H_{{\text{vap}}}} = - 50.6{\text{ kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}} - {\text{(}} - 95{\text{ kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}{\text{)}}">
<mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>H</mi>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>vap</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>50.6</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>(</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>95</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\ll \Delta {H_{vap}} = \gg + 44{\text{ }}\ll {\text{kJ}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}\gg ">
<mo>≪</mo>
<mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>H</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>v</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>p</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>=≫</mo>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>44</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>kJ</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award [2] for correct final answer. Award </em><em>[1 max] for </em>–<em>44 </em><em>«</em><em>kJ mol<sup>–</sup></em><sup><em>1</em></sup><em>».</em></p>
<p><em>Award [2] for:</em></p>
<p><em>ΔH</em><sub><em>vap </em></sub>= –<em>50.6 kJ mol<sup>–</sup></em><sup><em>1 </em></sup><em>– (–85 J mol<sup>–</sup></em><sup><em>1</em></sup><em>) = </em>＋<em>34 </em><em>«</em><em>kJ mol<sup>–</sup></em><sup><em>1</em></sup><em>»</em><em>.</em></p>
<p><em>Award [1 max] for –</em><em>34 </em><em>«</em><em>kJ mol<sup>–</sup></em><sup><em>1</em></sup><em>».</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>total mass of oxygen <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\ll = 8.0 \times {10^{ - 3}}{\text{ g}}\,{\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 3}} \times 1000{\text{ d}}{{\text{m}}^3}\gg = 8.0{\text{ }}\ll {\text{g}}\gg ">
<mo>≪=</mo>
<mn>8.0</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mn>10</mn>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>1000</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>≫=</mo>
<mn>8.0</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{n(}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{) }}\ll = \frac{{8.0{\text{ g}}}}{{32.00{\text{ g}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}} = \gg {\text{ }}0.25{\text{ }}\ll {\text{mol}}\gg ">
<mrow>
<mtext>n(</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>) </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>8.0</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> g</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>32.00</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>=≫</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>0.25</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>mol</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{n(}}{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{)}} = {\text{n(}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{)}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>n(</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>n(</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\ll {\text{mass of hydrazine}} = 0.25{\text{ mol}} \times 32.06{\text{ g}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}} = \gg {\text{ }}8.0{\text{ }}\ll {\text{g}}\gg ">
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>mass of hydrazine</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0.25</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> mol</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>32.06</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>=≫</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>8.0</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award [3] for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[3 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\ll {\text{n(}}{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{)}} = {\text{n(}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{)}} = \frac{{8.0{\text{ g}}}}{{32.00{\text{ g}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}} = \gg {\text{ }}0.25{\text{ }}\ll {\text{mol}}\gg ">
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>n(</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>n(</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>8.0</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> g</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>32.00</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> g</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>=≫</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>0.25</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>mol</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\ll {\text{volume of nitrogen}} = 0.25{\text{ mol}} \times 24.8{\text{ d}}{{\text{m}}^3}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}\gg = 6.2{\text{ }}\ll {\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^3}\gg ">
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>volume of nitrogen</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0.25</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> mol</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>24.8</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>≫=</mo>
<mn>6.2</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>≪</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>≫</mo>
</math></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award [1] for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">h.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">h.ii.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Iron(II) disulfide, FeS<sub>2</sub>, has been mistaken for gold.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the full electronic configuration of Fe<sup>2+</sup>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why there is a large increase from the 8th to the 9th ionization energy of iron.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the oxidation state of sulfur in iron(II) disulfide, FeS<sub>2</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe the bonding in iron, Fe (s).</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>1s<sup>2</sup> 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>6</sup> 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>6</sup> 3d<sup>6</sup> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any two of:</em></p>
<p>IE<sub>9</sub>: electron in lower energy level<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>IE<sub>9</sub>: more stable/full electron level ✔</p>
<p><br>IE<sub>9</sub>: electron closer to nucleus<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>IE<sub>9</sub>: electron more tightly held by nucleus ✔</p>
<p><br>IE<sub>9</sub>: less shielding by «complete» inner levels ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>–1 ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “– I”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>electrostatic attraction/hold between «lattice of» positive ions/cations <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>delocalized «valence» electrons ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mostly well done which was a pleasant surprise since this is not overly easy, predictably some gave [Ar] 4s<sup>2</sup> 3d<sup>4</sup>.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Despite some confusion regarding which sub-level the electrons were being removed from, many candidates were able to make at least one valid point, commonly in terms of lower energy/ full sub level/closer to nucleus.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This was an easy question, yet 30% of the candidates were unable to work it out; some wrote the oxidation state in the conventionally incorrect format, 1- and lost the mark.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates knew the bonding in Fe is metallic but some did not “describe” it or missed the type of attraction, a minor mistake; others referred to nuclei or protons instead of cations/positive ions. In some cases, candidates referred too ionic bonding, probably still thinking of FeS<sub>2</sub> (not reading the question well). Overall, only 30% answered satisfactorily.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Nickel catalyses the conversion of propanone to propan-2-ol.</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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"></span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Outline how a catalyst increases the rate of reaction.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Explain why an increase in temperature increases the rate of reaction.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Discuss, referring to intermolecular forces present, the relative volatility of propanone and propan-2-ol.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">The diagram shows an unlabelled voltaic cell for the reaction</span></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msup><mi>Pb</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo>(</mo><mi>aq</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>Ni</mi><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>→</mo><msup><mi>Ni</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo>(</mo><mi>aq</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>Pb</mi><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mo>)</mo></math></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Label the diagram with the species in the equation.</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="576" height="239"></span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Calculate the standard cell potential, in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi></math>, for the cell at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mn>298</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi></math>. Use section 24 of the data booklet</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Calculate the standard free energy change, </span><math class="wrs_chemistry" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>∆</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">G</mi><mo>⦵</mo></msup></math><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><span class="fontstyle4"><strong>in</strong> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="bold">kJ</mi></math></span><span class="fontstyle0">, for the cell using sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Suggest a metal that could replace nickel in a new half-cell and reverse the electron flow. Use section 25 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Describe the bonding in metals.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Nickel alloys are used in aircraft gas turbines. Suggest a physical property altered by the addition of another metal to nickel.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(vi).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>provides an alternative pathway/mechanism <em><strong>AND</strong></em> lower <em>E</em><sub>a</sub> ✔</p>
<p><em>Accept description of how catalyst lowers E<sub>a</sub> (e.g. “reactants adsorb on surface «of catalyst»”, “reactant bonds weaken «when adsorbed»”).</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>more/greater proportion of molecules with <em>E</em> <img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAMCAYAAABSgIzaAAAAkklEQVQoFWP4TyZgqEzq/r/2zLP/f0k0gKFMkuE/AwPDfwaHsv9zN5z5/4xIExj+f775f+/aWf/LHCQhBjC4/S+bu/f/zc/4TWBAduHfZ2f+b4AbovM/rnvF/703PyIrgbNRNMJF/3//f3NuKMQFkpX/937EtB1FI2k2kutHskOV7HhEBAhpLEQCACUCbBhHqAIAqolBX7mtjgwAAAAASUVORK5CYII="><em>E</em><sub>a </sub>✔</p>
<p>greater frequency/probability/chance of collisions «between the molecules»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>more collision per unit of time/second ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>hydrogen bonding/bonds «and dipole–dipole and London/dispersion forces are present in» propan-2-ol ✔</p>
<p>dipole–dipole «and London/dispersion are present in» propanone ✔</p>
<p>propan-2-ol less volatile <em><strong>AND</strong></em> hydrogen bonding/bonds stronger «than dipole–dipole »<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>propan-2-ol less volatile <em><strong>AND</strong></em> «sum of all» intermolecular forces stronger ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAcoAAADHCAYAAACZdRO2AAAgAElEQVR4AezdB5hlS1X4bTFwEVCCGQREspKDBBEkSI4C4kW5REGJeiVeUJEgEgygIJJFQAEDSRBEATGhiCKKWQERVDJi1v/5nnf7/dpi0z3TM9Pdc07P3s9Tp2qvSqtWrVqralXtOp+xWp6FAgsFFgosFFgosFBgRwp8xo4xS8RCgYUCCwUWCiwUWCiwWhTlwgQLBRYKLBRYKLBQ4AgUWBTlEYizRC0UWCiwUGChwEKBRVEeEh74f//v/63+53/+Z/Vf//Vfky/83//935MDE88tz0KBhQLHTgFjp7FlXDXehIMfe6lLjk2hwKIoN6WnjoKngWvQ/ud//ufWwG1wg1OcoxO3PAsFFgrsTAFjJEcZNuE0xowlcSlK/vIcXgosivKQ9O2oBF/2spetbn3rW6+ufvWrr653veutHve4x60++tGPToN6THdImr40Y6HAvlAgJZlC/Ld/+7fVc5/73NWd7nSn1c1udrPVfe5zn9Ub3vCGaXJqXC3P4aXAoig3uG8NYAP0P/7jP6bZ7ute97rVt33bt61e+cpXrj7ykY9MsH/9139d/e7v/u7q4Q9/+OqHf/iHV97NjJcZ8MF3fCuS+i0BrA+DNZHZ7v3gMT61a9QHVo///u//vnrTm960OvPMM1dvectbVu9///tXn/jEJ1bvfve7VyalD3jAA1Z/8Ad/sLW61M/Lc7gosCjKDe7PhKmZ7mte85rVM57xjEkJeqcIG+gpxre+9a2rxz72sVsm2A1u+kairk9SiiYshOsv/dIvrV70ohetXvjCF65+7ud+bvVrv/Zrq/e9731TP6Y0+eUt/0YSYMOQNn6MnWc/+9mrH/3RH92akIJxxhklaqL6fd/3fatf/uVfnvrJ+/IcLgosinKD+5PQbNB+13d91zT7NQNOqPILN+if8pSnrH791399Etgb3PSNRF1f/M7v/M60Ajn3uc+9+szP/MzVZ33WZ03+2c52ttVnfMZnTGHwy172spNw/tCHPrQ1sUlx6svl2X8K6K+3ve1tq7vd7W5bY6v9ye/4ju+YxpY0xiDl+PVf//Wrv/u7v5ve9x+7pYaDpMCiKA+S2ntcF4FpoL7kJS9Z/cIv/MKW0iRQexKu0gl/8IMfXN30pjedBnZpFn9vKYDO6J1Qtep46UtfurrWta41Kcazn/3sq+tc5zqr+93vftP+8U/8xE9M1oAf+7EfWz3iEY9Yfeu3fuvqkpe85OqzP/uzV+c617lW97znPVfvfOc7pzIJ5bF/9xbzpbSRAvrQ/v7HPvaxieb1qT64733vO403fdHk9F3vetfqaU972vQ+lrOEN58Ci6Lc4D5slXjnO995MgElRA1ecZxwM97CzET2V5ZnfyhAoHLo/vKXv3x1hStcYVJ6173udafDIGgvvn6Sjqu/wCnX3/u931s99KEPXX3Zl33Z6jznOc/qjDPOWL3nPe/Zylv+/WnFUqo+echDHrI1hpr4WD3e//7331KQ9bV4/cVfnsNFgUVRbnB/piidcDVYCVerkate9aqrq13tapO7ylWuMvlf+7VfOx1CkO6nf/qnJ5PSBjd9rVFPcL74xS9eneMc51h9zud8zuoJT3jCJED1mX4ihD2UHVdY3hRgK5V//Md/XF3/+tefVqNf8RVfsfrABz6wlU95y7M/FED/xzzmMVN/6ROrSGPra77ma1Zf8iVfsrrGNa4xvd/xjnfcmhgtinJ/+uJkl7ooypPdAydYP4F7u9vdbktwErSj8BTOGezSMw/98R//8QnWvGQfKYDuKUgC9olPfOLq8z7v81bXvOY1t05EpgRThGP+o4U/+clPrp7+9Kevzne+862ueMUrrv7yL/9yaxV6tLxL/PFRwMrxe7/3e7cUZeNIP9qj7D1fv5511llbk6Djq3XJtY4UWBTlOvbKLnEyQCk+QvkP//APP2XgVkSDmG+AW83c/OY3X/3Lv/xLSRZ/DyhASFKQ+uO7v/u7J1PrbW972xUFl4Ic+0L4WB7l6zuHS5hiv+ALvmD6VAE8d6xlHkv9p2JaffngBz946lc0rv92UpTS29bAB8tzuCiwKMoN7k8D16D927/92+kQiIHaYK5ZvfMN9je/+c3TYJZvefaOAmhrBfLGN75x5bDOla50pemSB0ITrcVJc7yPvvU5gnJe9apXTWbYr/7qr56+i1Uup4+XZ+8ooN98cmWvOPqiMfh2K8rnP//5U9+cSD/vHfZLSXtJgUVR7iU1D7isBi1hbA/MqpIg5QjWBKh3aT7+8Y9PnyZ06cABo7tVHbxzW8ANDNQGPlr/8z//83Qb0qUudanVe9/73gm2V82qL/kE9Y/8yI9Mq1aXSHjnxK3zE73WGccRN/j+0z/90+r2t7/9dPjNmIrOTYCCGXsOW2VBGMtZwptPgUVRbnAfJqAJSMqQ2ceH0RRiA9pAFudmEd9aOnGZ0D0ZTU9Y5oeL9017agMfvX3u4eCOSwO0qz7Yrl3yHEvbx7rkY4a1qrFnuQn7lcfa3u1odtAw/Wf8UJZMsKwx3lOO+sEq3wrf2LOdYayBnwpP/HsqtHdRlBvO0ZjUgCaIzHLdPekeygc+8IHTpwiPfvSjVze+8Y1XP/RDPzQpUAL2SAL8IMgRrgROgw1s0x4459yy47tHp1Ojb/2yXbtqN/9Y265c7i/+4i+mSwrshVbednWtA0wbo8uxtvdk4W88RVcK8VGPetR0cO5Zz3rW6ld/9VenE7E3uMENVr5/TUHKg69PhSfa8A/7syjKQ9LDhE+MSxn+0R/90XQDj3te+2B6HQQUHAmdW97ylpNzAcKmCpcEP8FoQuJ2HftUO9E5BefbPKtBK5CEcWyoLJcL3OUud1k95znPmQRw9ZRG+WDyujzCKlZ/71Rv+U6m7/vPS1/60tOeH6VSmzZFyEZzJnX70K9+9atXroR052vj7mTS91jqbryFNz9+yseHwtxOjzSc/qxM6dEqBw4mXTTclD4f272RihLB62Th5VltMWYMGlPG8NHrZNPKwKHIf/AHf3AS8L73ZNoymMJxU/oUvuirPfYlfeNo/3cn/LVR++9973tPbWcmV8aYntC54Q1vOB3WceOS8uUZ00Qn5f38z//8dO2d7/3A1/WhUCh11/N953d+5zRZgv/YrnXFHV7w5BL4vfPnfbjO7YAbfLXDBRhOUF/gAheYnNug7n73u09/qCCN77Pf8Y53TOm9c+OjDM5KWzq0iFejD3623WNiKAwuz6Y9G68o5523aR2wH/jG1A1i74X3o75jKbOBYkD9+I//+GSuNCC9j3gfS5knKy1Bz7nf08UCzN3ed+JJbSQkXITujtfLXOYyWya72uAE82mnnbY673nPO604Kw/deqKVsvxLjO81r33ta099XJp18+HKsmFiZOX9kz/5k9MEY93w3AkffaovGkfx6ujvlHfd4LXj8pe//Mo/DuEnSuyv/uqvpjuGH//4x088/A3f8A1bJ35r59gW5dgfb/zqY+nQKCeN8o2N3/iN35hoCLZpz6IoN63HdoFvTD0O6sK7yL6vSeBhQBk8i6JcFOW+MtseFm5MpWAaX3N/D6vb16Jqx6Iod0/mjVGUBCzh6gDDXe9612kWr8MJXT4zlb8pMjNyZN4/ZPSU90/+5E+my6mlzzUA+Mp/8pOfvDWTl0be5dk7CqBnAgZ9n/SkJ02rK7cLtV8pfhMebdEGp1ytEB2kwo87PbXdZySuQGOGtM+FZ+M/3+0pyx7ubnhP/f6g+0u/9EuPWPdOOB0UHJ5o4w/EmWCtgt0QxWyt7eJ2096Dwvcw1xMfftVXfdXqta997UR//cM985nPnK7B1CcOprkNirz1P7f++aZ0fPLyRje60eqnfuqnpv6z7UB+fvM3f/PqHve4x9Y3pdL99m//9spVf8nrTaPvxihKHaOD3UzidOHlLne5yeykExD/e77ne1ZMBoSOAyz+069Hp4MTPv501TunTHD5OYP2Z37mZ6b/bKw+6ZZn7yigD3Noi+4Glz51h6Z7TcVvwgNP/Ee5Efx4Kb7ZDv+x3QQPhej+0OiAFmiAFr/4i784wbcrZ4TJa8/PgR5m2HV94Fk77Vfe5CY3mS5mgLtxh3ab0u/rSuPd4oXO+oKitA2AZ73rA/zoMzLv/jbs677u66Z/JvIPNxe84AVX//AP/7CV3klvfxfnr+Dwrs+j9Ksy/YcnM3uHndThMJf8yt60Z2MUZZ1LUV75yldeXexiF5s2kXWQDrahnKIkZMa7THWMf3Hw4bAOk94q4Ba3uMX0KYXj3uDKIvgo4W5B2cRO3RQm1Kf6gjNzJex96qAvNuGBP1x9Q3fRi150EgDewbd7Sk8x+LzAihKvgeM7l53b6zz/+c+/dcBpu3JGGP50OlZZ9jfX9YFntNHfVpZuL4K3zyu0fye6rWubNhUvdNYfFKV/trFy5Ciyz//8z5/2HfXH9a53vdXrX//6rUXEHe5wh2khoR85fx1HDic373Wve63cFuUPrPWxMqTLd3jInqj0m/ZsnKL8/d///em0llNWOsmxc4R/5CMfOZ2kxAA61D9k9OgssxswTPKnf/qnq4tc5CJTejfaEHIEl3LkZwZkKvC+iYMXzlbVhBDnD4HX0TnUwVlZhWv+OuI7xwnu8LUCdDAH3fHabnjGpRAXutCFprz+xxDfMXup4wEPeMCuFYd8/osUHvCZ47iO7/U5utX38NwU/MN7nScmyb7tfDyDRylKK0gmcCvGF7zgBSu8SO5Rbr4RteBI0Z155pmT9QSPK8MZA/+m4t3k7+///u8nM62Jnq0FNxXh8/K7Y1od8m7as5GK0p/emrEQLFYgfQzcaa25orTcd5KwK96cvnIs+rnPfe70zw4+T9CZOpDzjwGuCOt90zo1RUn43OpWt5pmfmZ/6+h+9md/dvXCF75w9U3f9E2T0jDw7DevI67b4QR/ezKXuMQlJp5MiByNZ/SRvR0KDr8RTk4ZOu3KlLVbhSsd4aMcwm47HNcBpk9H59SrzxIoHSuRF73oRWuL+5x+3/7t3z7hfRgUpdVfigwPcniKT1HawxTP2Y985StfOcVL42/kfBZVPtY+ixB78L4FtnducSJv5fn+VHjTno1UlGzniG0WY1bkI297lL7No9zmilLnMev99V//9RSvk5lqP/dzP3di+Mte9rLTylRecQ4D+ShceDerg3XsdIdECE/7Dev6oC9nwMH1i77oi7bu1FxXnEe88AaeMbM2i45/dsMz+JdA0WafdpisMbu6VQlNxO+mHHU+7GEPm/ibgl3XJ1rBl/O/qcYkYex+VO0F34TH/pvV76b++Tk664/2KL1Hf/D6St+YuDoYaeHgwJi+Kj+rlYmdVaOFi8M6tsUsRF7zmtesLnzhC0+WLXJa+U7Z9qflm9DPI44bqSitKOtcJ139+7v9x50Upc5h4vnzP//zKZ/OdtiHs5/pkI+NaGVyzLFuWokhRoJtQhij+8cDg3ndFGX9ZuAYXAahv4yiMEbz9ybQWVsoNbNsiv7P/uzPds0z8sl/t7vdbZqs3fOe95zKGGfgu6GBcuy1o+E6/3Vayl+/G1tWkq5WdHgLHTh8uwlPJvJNXVHqC6u8008/fcdvG6W5//3vv3rqU586XYDhkM5b3vKWrb7SX76LdclG49Yeuzz+JJ51xIUa9TtaORikXrBNezZaUbakd2qSItzJ9EqAMLW2Mc1n9sHwTrlSlOU1kJmCCL9mV5vWqeusKOGm3zhmyy/8wi+c/ine1WBobxAZhJvwJNxZKihKVg3470bgl9cnJfKa1Ljg3MlVcbmj0cFsnpK8xjWusat6j1befsWjiwM83/It3zKddvUBui2T6LVJY23TFWW8lY/2wuOjX7jGpLCJbf3EN4ZNdPWpsDLm6eUTx4JnL710Y12bEN5IRen0FILXmZb27Oc7rSh1qgMSD3/4w6c8OtxMySqGkHJUv7/H0dmETseY5d20B87rvKLUbyYoJjdf/MVf/CnfxDZ4N4Hm8QZeNBFzglDbgh+pDdoprUmcgw8UpS2DUdAcKX9x9pjwsH+32E295TtoX7vudKc7TYeNHOoYleRB43Ki9W26osQn8ZkwhxfHRzy+5ser/PEpnlXkb/7mb7ZkcmO4fCZIFiPkdHnGcjYhvDGK8kSIqcOcyKJgKUnvc6HiXSc65eVgiU7djoFOBI+DygvvdVWUaODDZPsVlKTPdHarXA6KfrutB50TBiZblF3mKWWI57Z75Csv8/9TnvKU6fIBsKM96EWA4WWnFk04XNS9m7xHK3u/4p0TsAdrQstEV/t3os9+4bEX5W66otwLGigjZao/XeOIH8HGx7tFB6vLJj+nhKI0GCk+DO7giEE6H6DeKUqX97rBp4G8zsJnJ8bTlnVVlOhJUbpXchPNrSPN0Tk++c3f/M1JYdkrBxOXG/MULq78BMpuJwzlMfnz3Zs9oSZ2lb9uvvaZhDZRXTf8jgWfRVH+L7XwIZ7lWikKj098LX6Tn1NCUepQHcbcY0/HO0E1Pt4N4m6SSBjxN+3RlnVVlAaSvqhPhOE7H2CbQHN4x0vw/8Zv/MZp/81fXgWXZrsHPCft0dKPZZTenqiTo74tVv9OdY15T1YYfhzcw7X2nyycjrfeRVH+L+Xiw/qzvh3pKi5lOcI3LXxCijJGT/DV+JGAwsUL98jbwJnDvVNaZiFmytKVVj7xnPjt8lbfdnUpTzynrPEJPi9T3dKKH3Epb3Hz2TK49JVbeKy3tpS2Mnfjy1N+ZRfmd+GAK8JGeO0GW569owBedOrVEfrb3OY20543Xturp76O/3wT7BDPne985y2Tl7jl2TsKGCPRexxDbvKyL2xfboQXPp5+wD/Jier1Pj7hMi/fuzzbpQ+ufOnmacKZPz7SJV/z53m9V/c8L3h1bpcmGH98wmc7uDEw1jlPkwyd4zmWf7zhE1KUEPXJhQ+urcR6ahDF4di7D1ERDbxHY3yv6PqvscHlJXTs+9TRfHEcEw4TlwvSxw4u71lnnTX9sWp1SaMOdbpkgPIQlr5HmK3dgQpH1nsqU1vke/vb3z61ZewMaZhs3eYztqV6XdEFJ3nEj/UabDbDmSPHvNV/JF85nHyZ3ryr14rS3hWcS1fauUI/Uh1L3O4ogLZ4/GUve9lEdycBO8G6uxKOnEqf1o8up6YkL37xi2/t98356silLbG7oQCaNmZH+rvb1+ctPjurT/ilPdZxDBe8g1/cCuZTCvVx4+Pbbkp6PgFTn9PTD3rQg8bkW3LK7WXk2m/91m9NsDERnO1zs4KMj7rh9NjHPnb1uMc9bpqMzduF18kulrrxkY8+8Ofj2rKdvHH4zMpc/ePj3QUcPi0ZH3DlkrFuCAq/MY19Ut9yosVePyekKDEHpeLGjZFYNYL/ile8YutUo/fxcfDBpxoI0KNM6fyThLwIpIPAPXwXm9tr9JH2WKY46Z0EpER7pFEG5yJft030PqbxAbhyfR/Uo0z4KddHtOrW8fL3KN+BjGaYwfnSYtA+TVHeiLPB4dh0K90x727C8FKHwzEuTuB8SPyVX/mVk8B2std7TjofyMNjefaOAvoUn+gLg5VJ1A0uY1+fSG3KwXPGGwVJUOMb/c+N/Hgi9Sx5/48CaE5WNKYaQ044O7jl2sLGHN+9vZnB/6+U3YX0n20hp8GdEq2/x9xkiItE9Pf4kB0UEvk0PsqQVnlkNMUONj7efQrnwM34JEt9/vHmN795yjfPy6qBB/H8+Ehn4u9PxWvLPA26yj9vi3cH/FxaMD6l04bt5Le06iK/nX/Y6+eEFOVeI6M8HZRD8NEdb33KOxnl7FW9O7V7pBNTkG8SKUh313aPqMsYvHM+DpbOjE3e5dk7Coz85SILJ6xPO+20yWJCkFGihKF0R6J9fcqXVh6OoHBy1MEdB3hcAQcmzfLsDwX0gQtNKEXjyGc8HPqDmYQytYP59xhjy6GuI/XviWA68sZYzk7wkSfH8Jh3J/hOZY55dwqPZY7hMf1O5e+Ufsy7U/hE8u5UZvC1U5Qhxh+JKXy8z8kqZ6/q3andlY9BDFz7Va7zc4fo93//908D140a3jmXH1uJMHfLszx7R4H6gk+xsbCYkJz97Gef7sN0uQJl2WCWbrtnXo48rCvMTa5ctJphiUl5Lv24HRX3BqYvUpRuP/LRvLHjm0BK0aUJ3sHdOnOyFOVOrR15aQyP6XeCj2mONTyWOYZ3U86xph/LPJG8YznbhddaUW6H8AL7PwrEGClK92e6Au15z3vedE2YS9F9t0Z5ckyu9i3n+8L/V+IS2gsKWOlxlJyLLShLExT7RMxClNxOCq4+5buMgCmONYAQvuQlLzkdGKp8vnTLsz8UQNsUJeWYUrz1rW899YfrIU2GKEr39a6botwfqpyapS6KcsP7PYFLKTpAYuVIKRq8YO7THFeUYAb8ImD3r+P1yej8dZF/iT/nOc85rQqtPp70pCdN/83nEIV9b3uP9l8c1HFI4j73uc+Wqdzl0hSuPXRKdum7/eu7ecn22YyZFCXF6B95WHBSlGD6FGy+tzYvb3nfTAosinKP+40QS0gehEBbFOUed+AeFKffc60e9ZMDFy7c9/mIPS+C1SrEitPhH2HOqt9/rVKWDolZWSqnsg6Cr/aADIeiiHVVlMmYuX8oiL6GjVgU5R53CiE2Mu8eF/9pxanLs6woP400awGg3Jz4wxdMpd4d7qH8HPxwKMfq/xGPeMTqiU984vSfjI7zSzff0zxIvloL4q0BEouiXINOWAMUFkW5B51AgBFqTGNMaoSgwxwEY8KN4NuPZ1GU+0HV/S8zvuCPK0Th0e0/JksNR6LAOinKkWfIG/LFNYZuaPINoffl2R8KLIpyD+hKsGFcBzXsZfhW0TeglCUFyY3CcA+q3CpiUZRbpNiowKgM94s3Nooga4rsuipKVomXvvSl0z62qxN9N74oyv1jokVR7hFtKcq+l3voQx+69bmGD28JwmVFuUeEXopZKHCAFFg3RUkZ+rC+e4Vf9KIXTZN08mVRlPvHGIui3GPaUoqUphstrn71q08fnruZBxO3utxLpbndivIFL3jB6jGPecz0IbRPEpZTr3vcyUtxpwwFtlOUrplzucdBnHrN3EpmsFD9yq/8ynQzk//MdWMOWVOaZMEp0zkH2NBFUe4xsSlKSpHDxE9+8pOnezkpLHfJgmH6mPtEzW4NjvEwD8VIWfqeklsU5R538lLcKUOB7RSlz6se+chHTt9Q+jRkrz8PSTbkkyWue7vtbW+7ushFLvIpV16SJWRI7pTpmANu6KIo95jgGBbzpiz5Ntp9Z+V7OCvNUVGm6I4XjfLPFSXl6AL4lCTfzTzSLd9RHi+1l3ynGgW2U5ROKVOO+fupKG3nvPrVr16d61znmqxT/gDZZLuJOH959p8Ci6LcfxpPNTCbPOxhD5u+kbv//e+/+vCHP7zF8BRnyvNY0TmSohyV5EErShOGZsTheKxtW9IvFDgSBUYeE96PZztFaaKZ26sV5SgDfE7EOaDjnz0ucIELrPwD0TKe9qOHd1fmoih3R6cTTmUgmwn6hxG3tPgHiOc85znTpyQGQCbZY60oJbTdinIdFCUBMAq0cbAv4U+9wWehx/HRI/461rGzm/QHqSitDo0Xk2rWHxeu3/ve955kRuNIW7nlOVgKLIrygOidEDQYOP+35gaWm93sZtMpNmgYDMf6KNezboqSych/lfpfUTNj4cUtNNhLHhj/Nmq/lMdBKcpWkUyr17rWtaarDv1dYPLieGTDscqSJf3OFFgU5c602bcYyg3ju+fzpje96erKV77ytA8BZmBYXaYAj4ZE6dZNUbq/1NVsrmSD2+IWGuwFD7j2zwXz+MrJT/y/n6us/VSUyYGUoQvYnWPwLTbZsCjHo0m/g4tfFOXB0XqrJgPbIDFAzCSZYP2P5PWud71p1ZWy3MpwhMC6K0r/cs6M5J9LFrfQYC94wH7dOc5xjunzq01TlPDNkQOUoc88rnnNa66++qu/evXGN75xgpEBi6I8guA74KhFUR4wwVVngDSL5DNTfuxjH5s+IvZnsC7CBt/Ns66K0tVa/rjY5Quve93rVr/6q7+6uIUGe8YDeIty2WRFSRH6Wzz/KuPbTBcJGPcp0sb2buTAkmZ/KbAoyv2l71FLb3VpUDC5Pv7xj1+d//znX51++umr9773vVuHfFKoDSSDrAGlknUzvb7vfe+bTK8UJSX5a7/2a4tbaLAnPICf/Ik106vxs5/P8ZpeG5vGK2ds841b7p3vfOf0/6RMra6i047cfrZnKfv4KLAoyuOj257lanDwG0T+m/BBD3rQ6kIXutDqcY973OrjH//4NMis0t761rdO6QxEefieRVEuivhUmYxsiqI0ninIt7zlLSv/CENRfvKTn1w99rGPnW7N8o8xxrQ0oxzYM+GyFLRnFFgU5Z6R8sQLMljGWedLXvKSaVV21atedfru8o53vON0CfIHP/jBSUEaiIuiXBTkqaIga+cmKMpWkW7UYSG63/3uN92uc8UrXnFSkm9729umCa903KIoT1x+7mcJi6LcT+qeQNkpTZ9W3PnOd55Ow/mcxGm/O93pTlt/42WQUZbLinJRmCmSw+xTkg682KNcN9OrMeg/Ro1dq0SXilzhCleY/iDBPqTvIu92t7utfALSJNfYbbJ7AuJiybrPFFgU5T4T+HiLT1H6+Jh55rznPe+kJB2NpzBveMMbTgORojToHJv/lm/5lk+5su5kXjiw7FEuins/FPY6K0qT2N/4jd+YFJ/tkhvf+MbTWAU3ZilNp9yXVeTxSsWTl29RlCeP9kesmaI0qJyIdQGzwdb3YwYd59OLDgksinJRTPuhmNatzE1QlP64/Va3utU0ZsdxaxX88Ic/fBqzJrfLszkUWBTlmvYVRWkw8T/0oQ+tnvWsZ00nYb/sy75sGoB9eO3fQShUA3JZUS7Kct0U2zb9KOoAACAASURBVF7js+6K8k1vetPqAQ94wDQeTWZNbo1Z2ycvf/nLp8M8xvRibl1TwbsDWoui3IEwJxtsMKUsKUyOycYfQfs3gbPOOmvlYIC9j6c//emL6XX59GJPPr3Ya8W21+Wts6J0E9Xtb3/7STn6L1qWoE6pj+ZWStLYXp7NocCiKNe0r1KUo98Ay9zKLOuPXJ2oM3NdVpTLinKvFdO6lbfOitIK0hj0jaQxaryy9vCzDjWGF0W5poJ3B7QWRbkDYTYBbLA18A7rqVeCcXGHiwaUr5OrXIq4Pu59J3+dFaXtkA7zbIL8WHDcPQUWRbl7Wq1dylNBUY5CNeG6+P+rZDaVDpTdG97whskV5u+kHEf4oijXTgydEggtinKDu/mwKsrXv/71q9e85jWLOwVo8NrXvnbrisPdKMtFUW6wwNpg1BdFucGdB3WmV8+mm14Tkvwzzzxzda5znWu6z9NhpcUdLhro27FPX/WqV02ry3HluFN4ExTlhouUBf1tKLAoym2Iskmgw6goHa93OOmMM85Y3eMe99hyd7/73VeL23wa1KdXu9rVps8onOLeSTHO4Yui3CTpdHhwXRTlhvflYVSUD3zgA6cLFdxp61g9E3NmZu1d3GbTwIlQp0C/7/u+b/qs6RWveMXWfuVcMc7fF0W54QJrQ9FfFOWGdlxoHzZFSTBSlEzJH/nIR07a92Yp5+38aL8p/nZtCHYy2qBufEtR6meKkgKcK8Xt3hdFeTJ6bKlzUZQbzgOLotyfDkyRbOfvT437V+p2bQi2f7XuXLK6T1VFGd35y7M5FFgU5eb01baYLopyW7KcMHAUaPPwCRd+wAXM8R/fDxiVqTr1n6qKUrtzJ4P2S53HR4FFUR4f3fYtl70bezj+uNnfaXlPGW5XaXGH5dTrupheo7v/BPWvD/ZLUzDb9cM6w/CI9rzrXe9aXeYyl5nuHAXTnpPxnMqKUj9wp59++uo617nOFPa+POtNgUVRrlH/JEAIMf8Mcq1rXWvrEMtOaC6KcifKnBi8vnj2s589faby/ve//6QplhNryWpLwf/BH/zBdMrURfoOSZ2sJ9qeinuU2k4xGttf/uVfPvVDY/hk9cdS79EpsCjKo9PowFI0iPjf+q3fOg0mg+hIM84G2bKi3NtuQlduVJTe9c2mPfDGQ3/0R380KcoXvOAFU9tOVlvUC6dTUVHWFxTlhS984alfTuakZdN4+WThuyjKk0X5HepNeLlc2WDyBNsui4HnWRTldtQ5MRi6P+c5z1n5H8F/+Id/OKnK5cRa8r88RFHik5/+6Z+e2nKiZR5v/lNZUdb2a1zjGqsLXvCCEwmPNL6Pl8ZLvr2lwKIo95aeJ1xag2ZRlCf38xAdqS8WRXnCLP1pBaQsTsUVZW1fFOWnscVaAxZFuWbdsyjK9fiOElssinJ/BkfKYlGUy4pyfzhs70tdFOXe0/SESlwU5aIoT4iBdsiMrxbT6w7EOQL453/+5ydz9S1vectpT/V7v/d7J5+S57xzX/d1XzfdMuRvto70NElYVpRHotL6xS2Kcs36ZFGUi6LcD5ZcFOXxUXVRlMdHt8OWa1GUa9aji6JcFOV+sOSiKI+PqouiPD66HbZci6Jcsx5dFOWiKPeDJRdFeXxUXRTl8dHtsOVaFOWa9eiiKBdFuR8suSjK46PqoiiPj26HLdeiKNesRxdFuSjK/WDJRVEeH1UXRXl8dDtsuRZFuWY9uijKRVHuB0suivL4qLooyuOj22HLtSjKNevRRVEuinI/WHJRlMdH1UVRHh/dDluuRVGuWY8uinJRlPvBkouiPD6qLory+Oh22HItinLNevRYFKW0nPtez3a2s00XqT//+c9f/dRP/dS27mlPe9qU7lGPetS+tDp8+O973/umO1If9rCH7erf68d/uH/gAx844fnhD394x3tux7qE9+NR7nKF3bFRdt4v43slgeFZH+q7e/YVr3jFrnjEX7BxeOVzP/dzVz7aV051VP6x+uXPH/MvinKkxqkbXhTlmvW9werZzV2vDexFUf6foowm+SfSvco4FRVltMs/FhqWZzu/csQdlKKc4xEOo3+kNIuiHCl16oYXRblmfW/QehZFebbV8awoE8KtNE6ke5V1KipKtBvdqEiORs8x7TxcXvCDUpTzdoTD6O+EpzSLohwpdeqGF0W5Zn1v0HrufOc7r65ylausfv/3f3/1e7/3e6u3v/3tq//8z/9c/du//dvqP/7jP6Z/qwd/29vetvqnf/qn6X8GzzjjjNUznvGM1VOf+tTVU57ylNXTn/70LRPsc5/73NUP/uAPrj7rsz5r9R3f8R2rf//3f5/+C8//FP7Jn/zJVM7v/u7vrj70oQ9NcHWAq5fzx8Uegufv/u7vtuB/9md/Nv35LLz/9V//dYLD6Zd/+ZdXZz/72VcPf/jDV294wxtWP/uzP7t64QtfOOHzS7/0S5MJ7U1vetPq537u51b+H9FfP730pS+dzGpMr5/92Z+9evOb3zy1/Z3vfOfUdv/bp/3RhP/P//zPEz2048///M9X2qD+D37wg1t/issMDI5ef/mXfzmZ6pT10Y9+dCv9H/7hH07laF91KIeZ+pznPOeh+Zst/Y/W+jma6GftRsP68Hd+53dW/ugZncD50qE595GPfGSio7i/+Zu/2eJR4fLgSzTn5AWPvmh7n/vcZzKxv/KVr5x4hFn1JS95yYQfXnn1q1898cMb3/jGSWHBGxzPML1+zdd8zTSZwp/K++M//uMJ18aJPgWH7yc+8YkpTv1/9Vd/NcHf+ta3TlsEtd3ErPaJg6+6bGtc5zrXWd3rXveaxs73fM/3TGZj/rd927dN7mpXu9qUzl2vxkI00fb3vve9U1nKQzewK17xisvfbE0SZTN+FkW5Zv2UovTHzde+9rWnwZ2ggqp4DoxrkLdHOe5PUo5WRHzwH//xH58U6iMf+cgpr3IMXkpTWFkUJJ+rrtE/UhwBFU6U0znOcY5JURJ0nL0l7ld+5VcmnwLlwPIJy+/6ru+aFDphDj9uxEEd6gpWndLBz7t28Lny872Hp/A4YVCeNGM8+mnHYfk/SnzSHzdrf3SKbnw0iFb50brh0nv8wPeM78r3Lm10Fi6NSYg9yhTlyB94JJ6Id0yswLyPe5TKq67wBasdhfUrWDiUNh8t6nu+dClKl6LbU4XzqCgf/ehHT5ejj5eiy1c51R2O1X3Na15zUZQx0wb4i6Jcs04ykDwU5dd+7dduCZVxoBEKCYZ8KzCr0Oc973lbq0jKscM9lKUVJkFpsCccKlc5Brf3o7kGe+m8z3FKUT70oQ/dEngdxiDoCLzXv/71nxIX/AEPeMAkQM2+w6+6xvfwqC3RIiEVvHbxg1VeeI/tDybNs5/97EP1x836H0+gw5wGYLl5n5Z29KUp3QgXRuv6wXt9I311+PcN+MwVZXyST4EKp0iFWSsoG+Uqb+yz3kecihcXPmDhM8IK81OUt7jFLSZFSVmOitK7dpjUaksryrGeygPLLYpyzQTvUdBZFOVRCHTQ0Qauxx6lwWRgGdD/8i//MpmvmCGZmJjIwAkjpiQmtTvc4Q6rZz7zmZOiJAx/8id/cjLD/tiP/dhkkm1F6SQqU5hymKeUrSwDWln+jkk8syYYHN797ndP6eVhUuuhzKSFF9NnwpF5ljBjXnvRi140mWIpR+5lL3vZ6sUvfvFkRiMkCT7wl7/85ZPZ7R73uMekKJnC1A8P5avnXe9614Sr2T+8wHKZ18D/9m//dvWOd7xjagt8E+j/+I//OMGVp03R95Of/ORWHdqoHeo+bIrShIoJXv/Utx/72MemtqMthybaj8ZowYGjkTzgTNjFtZeMxkz0+Id7z3veM/WV8vSh/qgs/EbhfM7nfM5k9cAPP/MzPzNNnlKMTPF4B/xVr3rVxCMmU7/4i784TV6YL/Vzffjxj398aoc6bAnEI3zvcBLXBEw+dIAXHsIP0URZ0v7Ij/zINLb6my1bCXja9sV973vfLeVpRYnfmYflY/pXFvf3f//30zjDc8aXti+KMgmyGf6iKNesn0ZFea1rXWsaaCkxg048l3AAI9Q+8zM/c1pRMquN5tdWlVaUKUrmImUqo/zI4F1Zyp/XKV0uHOURBi99PoF52mmnrR784AdPpjICjgDkM6u1emxVSVkGu9/97jfNzgngcKxudRJ86s0PZ2mk5+Dh4YdTeAbjh7845chbPrDDpiitevCEto+01XautkffaCQtmHcP2uRKU3xw7yM9pdNn6pGGZQM+9iLxBF7g8Akza6bW+CUFik/Ofe5zT5+HhBc/PIKpo3aJ8y6OEw4/ccHAx3RWlMzDVpTwHf+Hcv5/lCarb3nLW7bKqs7KHMtlLbrgBZc/bp6YaQN+FkW5Zp1k8Ho69erdAEsINOga3A1GAifTK2VpRTk6wpHplUI1wAmG8uaP9QSrfnHCucgWfMRLXgcYKEozcAIuIWflKEz48Qm93ov7zu/8zkmAdrBIeeFTPQlbcG3xXrrS5ssjPLYlWAKyvODBhA+jonQgJtrU1tGfx0W34Pz4YO6jWU668lS+uODMlvg20+s4WcrKgDfmDu/YN/YdpbKUXT2VP6+vNoy4FR79cMtn/UhRGjdWwfmZYLVj3KNUnvqrcwyLU/bVr371RVEmRDbAXxTlmnWSweWxR+nUq9N3TifyUwZ8ZqTf+q3fmuBMOxSgPE69OvH6oz/6o1unXilMAn889epkZ8KFSei3f/u3J2cVB64OcPVy9hw94ijB4MxM4cU0F9zJVmY1e5QEHfMZZQ0PcWC//uu/Pu0BgXNOPILbozQ7Jyy1vdOXaKMusE5sMhsnFP/0T/90iyZMX7UPvvaOnORkggPnnHqNhk5H1g4HT5xMlJ4QdHDksBzmIfSZB5mj9bk2Mj0mwJn0o6++RJMEP56TnjOJiR+YYcGkZ1rUT+jLzB19mfjrJ6tKaeenXk2UmGDts+PZ+AQfUFhZS4RNwihKeGiH8rSjvu3kcngxpapfPBylh1vmYW3E++HLlzZFSRHe8573XN373vdeOQyXsgS7+93vPp1ipfTxmbLUoQz1Mw+HF7Mv+l7hCldYFOXEQZvxsyjKNeunUVEyzxjcOQMw18Br8FMsVpQpnVaThCIY32cjFKqZ8FiOsHL4BGOCznsPGFe+3ssHn+LA7P1QMGedddbWHmSrR8qwMOHYSqJVZjfzEIIpL+V7+LU5f6xXuDTh6104XOdtFD9P0/uznvWsQ3fqlSJCj9odzbwXjla9j/QD886N4d7lHdNXVjT1zjFlbnfqNX7gxxPC+CZnRenzkNpQmeqtHZnmS1Nbig8ubzBpmhwIpyiZXltBzn1KczzMM5ZRHXz1wE/5lPxiek26rL+/KMo16yMDyWN1aI9yVBQG2jjYx0HYHuX81Kv3YF1hZ2CPgkGZubFMMPhwYzhY8FHQlN8qjqJ0cCilSMilGAnAhF8m1+KtKM3OR9NrQgYewmOdwuDVHX7Bi8sf214aMPm857wfxs9DTJyiQX2INrni8qNb8aNffn5h+bajq3zRlo8PR0U5Ksb4JMXonUtxWlEyX4YjnxtxKG7Et3TqH+ODB8tPUd785jef8GVh4FKWlL3w3PRa/trcOA6XRVGumeA9CjqLojwKgQ462kD3dOq1AcckxmzI1MnEmMnRgLd6oyi/6Zu+aTK9ZqKyGnKAx6lXSlKYAmIOdcqPaZVzIlE9nA+lwdTDlAofdTBRgXHjqVfmqspigpOWMJCeMHMwhzntda973bQaIOycZgRzotFpRgIS3F4VmI+44alsZcGvurU9IUf4eA/fTr3WDqZCjgmw9gmDKc8px+CdegXXHnVo+2G7mQddmeBNZLRdO516jSZ4DAxtmaDRA33RpFOv4sZTr01o0OsDH/jAVln4Ulp92ClS9agDnMLBtw6adeoVn5hY4QcHafCDOLxBaeIVYbx1+ctffqsdytP/4YsvwLTRyjI+0Q74wlWcQ2fMwvLBd6QJmFOvaNZhHhM/p12demU6TnFSlKw69n/l62St8tAaDTk8By+T4GVFedDS9fjrWxTl8dNuX3IawJ4O8zQDBTfgvSfEC3sncKxCM73ymV9bTRJGP/ETPzENerNg5cnHZaJSb3VUb750hcNRejDCIPwqlwDqwoFWjgRdQlC41QFYyhI802uKsjITYvN6a4d4+EgfrmDBS1cbCayEae0QF0w5h1FR2i/WNnSprdGCj07RuH6Xtn5Aq+DRWRzXe2mkqw5h9K3e7//+75+Ui8kSHnATU/wx+sJc/OJkLGtFn08pU9nVXxvCgQ82vheON8rTO58zqaMob3WrW01K0SqYs4rkj4rSpzf23ZVdO8MJbHTLqdeJxTbmZ1GUa9ZVBpYnRem9wdtAaxDnG5QpSsqxU6+UpHdKU9iqUjoDvLz8BnPCYqxH3NyNJCsvvzKFHTCiKM3AU5Qpw9GERjF650o3V5SVC6/CBGNuhBfPrx35Y5yw/GObC4urzYdRUeKPkT7Rgo8G0WsMi+Oiy05+edG2PHzw/OJaUVohUn4UIT7AE/FCvAHGUZj88dRrZVdf7+qZ4+Md7vO04MaRuPJIk6LsO8oUZKbXUVFSqL/5m7+51dbaO9albHgtptdRiqx/eFGUa9ZHBqrH6tD9kUyhPuR3io7gMuj4zETMX3/xF38xmXkoQId5mFt9BsK5fGBcUf7wD//wNIM/88wzt4SCQass5SuPGc5gVk9wcVZ3CUemq7/+67+enDTKEMc8DK4cpwq765UQ9JG4C6bt+bgHNqVpNUEYMbO5cIAg9HkIM5bTrkxm3R+qHsJMHcx38Or0rjgmrurXDjDtcAK29jENJgyZEuHKOZnI1KjtylSOPE94whMO3WEeB7uYQrVPO51oRittRwP0Ls47GopDX3COmdMDjqbBRzM3ngFHX3mrA//iW1cVjnuUFOAv/MIvTKef45MUJGWKT8CFKUorSngoCz9k1oSvPlRv9bdVAV9bB9otX6ej5VFW/MCHZ3uU17/+9afT2CZxrSr597///SfnYJExSFHiLxaVylJfvBjPOdG+mF4nFtqIn0VRrlk3GWQeSs+skxAjiDiDPGFj8PlkwcrNHh6zz13ucpdpv4eCdCsPpZkplumVojSYKUpCQHkJDvUQZime4NVNiMCNE1Y3RzBWDh+MkHj7298+7SPZD/XhOIVIwFGWVgkUIucTAP9H6KPz17zmNZMCJXzMzgk/7eyWEzhrvzooa7gR5GDwAlO3tiTgxVEKFLr0hDehyFHswaOvNsiDrupBs8P0eYj+xwsUhzZy9aF2ozEacmiCrmiFLtKBcWjnATcpAROfuRxcHfVHygLcZEcfuYxCP+OLVpLxCVimVsoSn5hIiRfWJ5QTPPST8jnlc3CGk/rhpc7agU/ULw7u4NodTZRnLGh7ivJGN7rRpNjhPCpK7w960IOmPcdRUeK5eMhnSMqCF75UPtwXRTmx0Eb8LIpyzbrJgPJ06tXgIsASAIUbeAY5mEEqDyGYcmR29Z4JNtMrc5E8CYjClZWgqY7q9h5sDMtXmsIETaZXgq4VJJ8AzMzmPVjC0kqDAB2FrnLVWfnq6x3+YxvCf+6Xt7R8ArKya0MKGdx3n9pBuFXnmrHMrtBBKwdp0NWKMhpo40iX6CE+N9IxGvE943th5Y3lq1u54sfw/PMQfGDy1CqSH0+Ai4+XWCuceq3O/HDmg43tKywu3glW2vq+/CnK7nodlWRh48lhnlFRKlcdleu9MsEW0+uu2HZtEi2Kcm264n8RMbg87VEaYAZWM9FWWK2kxFMoBunpp58+rSIpyJTkuLpkjmXqsr/SDNysOyGmHmWJoxgSmuBO8ZWH+ajHjN6MnbPyIwzgZKV22mmnTWZUZtdWB60irQysEF772tduCUAnHq0knCgk0NWpPKtceCo/UxncOO/wEg8XK4faIU47rICjI9zBuE4mRl9lgPNLfxhv5mFtyMSO39C3PkRLbefQF7x+T9CLwyf1B7orh2PdQEP50Ley4l95xIG3R+kv2PT7uIqkFLM2sDgw12eJAPfXZ1e96lW3VoTK0/fqrg74x4/aUN9mNYEvHPW31eXID61UTTTxosM8FLubph7ykIdMq0gryXGP0hjE1+rCZ3BSfytu8CZ/i6JMgmyGvyjKNesng9fT5yEJJwPXnp29Pz4zEQEvnonSnt7tb3/7LXOrVSSB2C09fR5CUTKHOhLv9pnxv/oMbJdfgzOdMhmpA1wd/bcfodJj8INLb8USvhSlWb+bTOCSQiTsnLpMkduTYpolGClUgokJOUWpbsIXnrWdAATna4fbT+BAIYavdkjPwVd6ThhMefao0FsedWg3N94icxgVpdOm9u60myPI0Y/zCUP0pdzA0ApdmnDoY59ZgHMUHzqir36vLHudwSkhZdSHyqBk3N7UFgGeyPxu5YhPsoiYVMUn9rNNwi53uctN7ahvtaObeOJFcRSoMeNGHPgyvdbvcKyNwmNZ0j/xiU+ceLHDPA6n9R+U3/7t3/4pitL2B3y1k7KuLPvfygLHc9q+XIqeBNkMf1GUa9ZPBrCnFaX3BjWhliIyCMG9c5leM7PyxzAhRFlSlExGYzkEY0JTucIN8uqe4xHZypevXHntARFmBEsCzmqyVQHFmCmNUMwUK9yFA+MMX5mVXV3hCb5dHFhp5U8BlC+YthUe44QPo6IcT73Wv9EpWvaOLtEkWP7IE/PwSHt0j8eUJ056fGhCZMWo3zOvZn0YeSTeiWfGU6/hqEzh3vPDdx7nPZ6A05geHCzTqxUlfCl3/nanXjO9KqfyxjA8qm9ZUSZBNsNfFOWa9ZPB7mmPcjSxJggMuAai2bIwgUO5zpVjlw9QlF2KbrCX30DmGsAjvLLB1Kl+foMfvHzivMsDZhZNUY6XolOSoxBM+IElAAnMTr2Os/Lqr+5wHmkR7uoX7l1aLhwrI3pKJ0/5lJl5jun6sO1R4oVowtfu6BNtoh8fPbjoEwyfRv/Sj/xa2cV5H9NTOJ161e8cHimMJ+a8kfLUJ/ObeeCnfPVUNx9P8uFRXOHRL2/tlDZF2RV2KckUZe/zPUplNRZYg5RV+epcLhxYM8F7FHQWRXkUAh10NOHtcerVEXKmoi59bsARRsyDLl0WZ4+F6ZVy7T8o3evqggGKk7L0PeDjH//46XSsPUBlNJiZqZjE/EUQMxq4wcwMx5TFdQpQnFt31MsxcSagmL6UAy8CjymKmVfYDSsOGTFNOeGawCOI4AZPYULSqVd5pVE3GiR04B1OTFn2gsLXjSjq5pjXwD0+G3BsH5zpK2EpDRicOWVrCyVZHQSh/TD7W8qrf6aCN+gH3vrZqkc/4Blt1If6GU20nUk/mvPjE/7ID2jnQROfQaCf9D67iO7qiB/kTWGhr3rx4ago8YmbbeJZe5F4AJy5FZ9Q8j4T6TAP0399m8kc7xor1c1nWkcDcczOLi/X9ywf8YM+rh18bU5RuiDABejMrnjCZNPl6P47FfxKV7rSpxzmsVUBL+2MJup3GhbMf2kup143ZwAtinLN+ipBTOl1KXoDmQAizLwLcwa+PPMVJYHS6pJgbEUpndlwZcjPeU+QeFe297mbw8Mjv3IdjSfMUpQUYKY1wm9cPYBzrTZ9q0agjyvKEU91qae6wj9Y8N7DrXyl1zb0rL3C0ozxh/HUK35Am9odnbQ/ehQ30k545IcUZfQWV/pg+SlJaaKvwzH40SEe/NDkaeQNShJvBPMunc9DmC8rnz8PV8+IV+Gd0pen9qcoW1FSkMZPK0ptoDivc53rfIqiDJdoVn35y4pyzQTvUdBZFOVRCHTQ0Qayp8M8BlqDrkE2vjewKRarUAqRIEw5pjC9t0dpcCcIyr+TgJvDe48uvfNTNMLtUVKUFGDCLj9lmYAkAHPtUTohuF2blT8XePN0cBlhY7g2V0ZtCD624zDuUeKF+j8aoA86gEc7ccFHP1qKn7vi+NFxzFsd/BRle5R4IYWYj0/iixQpfhoVZUq4ske8wTi4aBsnHgxe3kf8xrzirGSNra6wa48S7sK57nrtb7Yqd6xDOLcc5kmCbIa/KMo16ycD1WNF2R6MQecEqhOiHaP3bvBL735JM/Nb3/rW08XnBCFzKzPsk570pNUP/MAPrH7oh35o61J03ykSTk4SKtOhmQawgzdgHXNXvvqZi5xKlc9NQT32IqXnCLcEUitKytvJW+ZWStItPfBy2TTHJNthH/9HCXbHO95xEk7hxRysbvgyxzHdEY7MrvBEExcZMAdqByFIYBFy4MxgCUC4WyXAF92Cy1t6Jy8T8odRUdoDZs5OWTCRMmeilc8w0FCfM1fqN7Tn92kD2utrcI5pER2V5zSsctCYKRSMCZOJFM3FKQt9mS6Z2J/85CdP/e4/VPUnPuGchnXhA96FHz5Rr9Ow9igveclLTqZSvKg87VAvPvGpUWZ5/OJd/fC1jQAvzmlU/Y73mFuD4znluFCAonTqlXL0SYg/H3DC/Ju/+Zs/RVFK58J5dRgX0cSJW+1WP75E3+UwTxJkM/xFUa5ZPxlcniOtKBvMCTT+TivK0fzqMA+FasDLU35CUZne+SmP6imuge+9Z0yTcgFrRenUa+Yy/nYrylYPfKuG8a5XuIVreIx1jjBpa0tpyl9cbSxdZZdOvjF82BSlPcFOvWq7Ph3bK8xFv7kfvcDlnbsx/VjOmK868CG+bUWZlQGf4AUu5RhvSNOK0qpMffN64KQ+cbURrLThIl88C+a9OHBhStSYoShbPTK1tk8ZrMM89vnn9SgnXKpnUZRJkM3wF0W5Zv1kQHvaoxwH3SgQwBt8fAJHntHkKtw7hcn06tCPQZ5QmAuKyhXP7SQIg5c+YVC5FKVZP0WZ0CPkEoL8HPgoJDO9WuVVXuWPfsIPDsLSCpemsPcEn7AVDp+r/Hx5rJhKf9gUpf7HC7Wf5i5a9gAAIABJREFUr621N/hID7BoXb/noxfXe/lH2osbyytMUVLcKcr4gXJsQkUpcqOixCvbnXpVp7LDp3q8h0++9gYXlrb0YxvmitLYaX8yJcmnKClUK8baW/mVF27gyx7lmgneo6CzKMqjEOigow0yD5PlFa5whclMxRTI5GjAGdQEuZkrE5YP+X0oTQBahVo1MmX5UJrJsxUl/zGPecw0mM8444ytzx+UqSzlqMMH4wayepwKBOecFvWIY8oMznSV0HGij+mOY1L1MXmHedQPNydxM68RiMxo4P4rk1InIJmGtSdToHQJMWY05cOVYx5Uv3bARdlw65IB+LpYnekNvTI5ysMcyEyGvoR0CtSJSSZi6ZneCOXDcuqVYkJz5kfto4SY1VMU6KntaIKO6B0/OMVZvzNz4lV0Z2ItvZO1YHjU6ejgzNzxiTLBXSwxKkrKMD4xqaNA9Yv+x0/+VxWvOBmrT6womfjrc+ngqi1O78qLR7Snb3LFMYVqB5O9E7Dw1RY8A6/4C74pSitAE9G73vWuk6Kk5JmOwe50pztNY3VUlE75oq+yOmkNNwfU1PFVX/VVy6nXSaJsxs+iKNesn1KUBqBZp8GVS1n0Lm0wg1SeDu+kIL0Ho4woIAM84cBX3txXLqeO0Y11Vz9Y6ZXDdYWd7ygJrFYEwr2DCVshUJCccCvK9sS2wy885vWGCxzGuNKDE4DFVXZ4j/nEHbYVJT7BG9o50qr3YOgz0kaYG3lBOHi+fJUVjb3n4hnv8xWlvscPrSZH/hAXDwlTlC4WDyf+WG/vY33hNuJSeN7e2pai7GYeOB/LilL5TcCEw2FZUa6Z4D0KOouiPAqBDjraAPVYHRpMDdgG2Hxgg0uT6ZUQtDLjUpLCvl80SycomYrmgq1yEzD5yh4duPeeMU4ZlZvp1b2YCbgEX+8Jv9G8Jm6uKNWRkKn8sa4Un7hR4IXrmCc6BmuVEzw6VM5hVJRWZNFvpGthbY/mcxr2PvZ7tAQrvvLndAWvHkoHP46fh4wTKfwRj8Q7vY+nXpU3r7v+C7fw8V6YnxvhI85zRUlJZn4dFWZ7lJ16rY6x3OrCc8up1yTIZviLolyzfjLgPR3macAziTFxOZnnXtXu3TT4mHmYOW93u9tNJ0pTkG6V6a5Xq0mmK4KJOVQZymKuVLYBrS5mSjDmqf4eSB3MR+DuxWSi6nE60If/TJo++CcEpGfa8x3lfe5zn+nfKpi6UpAvfvGLt5Q58xrhR0A6FQh3H3DDs89DmHTVq/53vOMdk1lPHWbqaKJ+8S48ANcW5mHpmRUpbXAO7uDa7gSsNqO5tipHnLYwvyrnsClKE6pHP/rR06nMaMUcWNvxBbOptqNvcH48h2Z4Doxjwo5v9Xt5xvtk7Te7kADd9Zk6KBz4oLF/NOHwSStKJ1Hxg4meE6jgzKtM8laU7np12YGy4KT/9d2cT/Akfo7fu1RD+51OhRc+cXoXTFu0CU/5P1I4+o4SviwkLh3Ao+4xbp8yRakt6u8bYHRULpqo3wUdcF1WlEmQzfAXRblm/ZTAma8oDTiCypH3FJu0Bh2YwWyvxEBtNWkV6Z3vVhP7gxSQAS+PfRxKSBkJTTBKQnwwfjBwgqlHXnk4eElLMHXq1XF6ezIUIUXJ2bchEMGtJjO5CoPd737321KUtVHZ6hiFNZrAP3gCU57wCV94cYS/MuyTSaOM4qoDXLvEod9pp512aPYo8Ql+0J/aWN/P244m4sBzYGgCjq45dAdHd30vvTh1yANWWeDoLz0lAx+KT7/jCZMmyhBPxCf2l/EP/sA/3q0ofT5VHdWj7Pq+tokLxoeP+jn8EL5wA5OPD055GzMpStsWlKVDatyoKH3qAj91wKs60Kc6ovty6jUJshn+oijXrJ8IG4/9RjfzjMLJwPMuDdc732B2AIiSTFGOYTNzByGkY/JSzihIKishMdZTffnSjuFwHP32KDO9piQJQEKPD1aYgMzNTa/Vx+fCMXj1eh/DvYON8ML86CgtF0344iiVw6Yo8UU0HGlTWFx0iC7b+fg0eHSsjJTRSON5XHuUTK/4gMMT8UH8kY9nKEvxrBWUjfrVrexw4Vdv8LE987ZLE6y85Rtv5jHBzFGQTK/aIHzta197UvoOPI20GMurTPGL6XXNBO9R0FkLRYlxRncUnA91NDp4KEr/t8dU4yNuzqBrds6sxUwqnlnLzFweH/MzsdqPZHpNWVoZMSNRlP4eaFx9MQ0pizmt2T7BoQ4mTI4pqT5ilmK25JxsTAAoU1q4vvnNb57MwR3msdfjtKX9MasHwk8aplemWGY2J1AJQx/Eaw+TWPXAR9vVwcSr3XC2Mqx+ZjT1g1tpgsMZ7nCSB77oyJnlg1VWQs0qQ3plPe5xj5tWL4fp1KvvKJmatVsb9TM6oTH6guMFdEYTcWjvdLX0HPp6xDsBi+YcS4Jy5FEHOipLHfpD+eirDnf6OvWaosQT+AQ/4BUrR6tLcKZX/1sZn5i8OMyjDnjCKdMpnOALH3B+K7kRX7hlhoUv023t4Euborze9a433U3L2kFZpihtLXBXu9rVPkVRmigqnxtpgm7KvvKVr7ycep04aDN+1kZRYsocps1tBhn3Dkvt9lgdMi3Z88kZ/GhEENlrI/Rd+G2AUyzyuM2EsnzGM54xKUorSYLRysgtJ069nnnmmVszaMKLEqgsygMseHWroz4hnIITktLCiwAEV5b9HcKMonQ83xF+e5Ccd8LPysAReqY3glAacCtK7SFklOcTgIQvnxCqfoI3usAFPdSvHfETfClR8PbTtIWprXIIM+VoC19azq0wzHyHRVGaKJk8EdjRBC+hVW2PJmiJ3sWhb3Fo5xFnIhJ8/PbVpKv+kLeyou93f/d3TxO3FKUVpTAeMWnK5IpP8AYewSvC9iitKOGhn9SjHeoY2wEON7xZO+ALzvXZiDxoUjvEgaUob3jDG04XYRg7o6L0KZOJHaWNZ1tR4rPKwn/KUj+FDV+KdbkUfWKhjfjZd0VJIBkYMXDCFuOMLiFlhYDBMLP4Bhcm64nhKrN0/GN5lEPQVsex5N2vtOjjaY9Sm+DJCc8d3NGOArSibAVJQToB2ylYfhcO+ONe5dVuZaoXTFljfcHH+oV7yjPHK9Org0OZWwm8TK2Z2fjgKU7vVhoE+ijEKj/+CS9+cdrTOz+egqO43Jh+pIH03sUHP2x7lCnKaMLX3t7HtkevkdZjWJ5c8Og20rFy6o/S4EN8a7Kk3+OFfDwRPP6Ih0zCKEplVjdchMf+DT91Vj9Y+NV2ceC9R4dOvfZ/lKPptf1JfhcO+Ca5sqt7xIfCFr8uptcRx9oPv1x0qE2Ne37WARPZJkil4ytvfNA4N8J3E4ZHeYXr593k3Ys0+64oIcnc1r6IBnI2vB/72MdOszpmGQxoBurwh5mmzXOzUM+c6GPnuQNSJ0W8iFI9+dvBKWV3M1p96IR1eODrGRWltnFmvGak42oJM6IbAXj66adPh3asINGbcrTCdJCHwLfKZOoysJWlHCtFbUdjdSsL3Cw42vHBxHEGe498YMrjwwfMCs2sX39aJVCWHHMr06vVAt/qMkUp7EDHqCi1G37w1PbqMEhru35Uv3Tg8MVf0sK7tNIrQ9vEtyqCL0cx107v0h9GRYkvtFP79CX6oAl6jPRFe3QHG1dF0R2cU0a8UlnRWFrlgOujkU/s71GUzKkO7nB4oQNeHfjiU5gpS3zSYR7l6iu+/le+Poa3usH44GDaDd/wEhYHrv3B5dM2h3msFG92s5tN+5FnnXXWdIjHBHB+mMcYhKPy8BeaKC+axFtg66Io9Q36mViTCyYvZLELS1wegQ7i3cGMPvUzX7scEGTJuvnNbz5ZKMDQ1KPs8VGOE8+tuitrTLNTuPqY35XjnX9Qz74rSkzhs4XP//zPnwgfcQilz/u8z5supmZiQ2wM7ng3YhOkTC3yU7RWmT3KAPepgD0DBJMnAhYvTa56e+djAszh0wnv6/DA00NRGkyYDW6UgT0ie3b2YtBKe8VTSgazS5opRoObohSmHHMd5jHYleVoPWdQq0N5VoImLuoYBQezFjjns40ewie4PlKGslpRurfVrDwzGoHHtGaCQ0Ayo6UorSzAHb9vRal92gpPbWcSUwen/5gPR5pILw4u8visBb5g4oQry0wYDL7qQBPp+coGP2yKEp8wJzMl13aCPVqhp7aLI/DwAXpwaAQefcVxeCC+ZQlSlvQmutGRkkBbrj5MUeJV/c7MGZ9QOMZ/cLwRn+AZitJ/OmaWhxN+hU98AtfaoV34FG7aC19x9ijBODRRjn6vLIoAzboU3djB0yZztgjID86K0qlX+GqjOpSvHnRQN7gw+LooyujwDd/wDdMKndxhmfLHBBe60IWmfWH4XvSiF92afKAPp2+NZ31rXxlfoZ+JemMrOcE3Jt1IxK8MPhxyY/oxrFzOf+o61wAn7qCeA1GU/tWCTd7JMAxIqbHhn+tc55pmF4SXWSNlgBg6wJ+6YmIHUnSelZ/vkxC2NN/4jd84bdZHRErWPxA4tGIVQwGoS7n2PPyThjJ8M6Wz1CMek8OhzuKfrKe6MatvrRI0I2MVljZaGMzymBnu5ChKM3gzxsrlY7jKLJwfnB99xjj1iwMTXxh9mcfMvAm4nFWlMJ8w5Aw2q4hWDfZ8KMr6RNnVqb7t3qu3dPngXLiVP/jY/tLIG30Om6JEV4JspFc0ydd+4dKMfnTje+Zx0b2Ja+nRM1rzlY8Px8M8KcJ4Aj9kiRjjhCnKTr1WR7iEwwivPWD6WZrS8cXDuTyF26Ps8xA4d9FAlw+kKNG2u14rc6xH2eEB93XYo4znr3/960/yEX7RgiWKbNSGr/zKr5wWJs45kC8mR2jEmUDd9773nSZH+saih6xlIZC3OvzJtUkyOuABCx0HD61e7T1nnVCm73mVYeJh4mOiI58Flq8BTOLgeVDPvitKRKIoCUyd4TskDWQuTVGy6xPgzDXcbW9722lmiWAI6nCKGVkDTZlmpU6O1bFOklm1Xve6153MAMpGaHke8YhHTP9Sf5vb3GZ18YtffHWpS11qEhaVRylb3Sg3d1AdMK9H/R7MRlE2uBpw2hvzSds7RSmP2TmHmZnYUppgT33qU6dZrwM28tXWmG6sK2YuzeiL6x0uvStTGKwVJdqnAAlAZrPenWg0sDryL8w5INGKUh+pa2yz9/CvPvHSeo8m9a/30eEr6fjK0n75xzQmV9KYqDEhH5bDPPgEL2hrdNR2NPAe/cQLc9E+XzrOU5r8aFi+yqkfqxPcxQfw6TDPOHHCB97jDWGwFKdJWBYXZcJNncL1e3XW39LkwtN7OAqXV1ngo6KkEOeKMmXpj5tHRTmWGX8pPzqto6J0RzS80YBz8tiBQvhf7GIXW13mMpeZZPn5z3/+FVna+EEXfaNt8jkL4cDSSGtx8lOwwuSAFTgZd+Mb33gaY7bi1O9yBrL8Rje60eoiF7nItAplFatv7nCHO0xWKuUf1HMgipLplYJkmz7nOc85mVutFlOULkxGNLMF//NmX6uZBGIwi1jeI2LOKU4E864jzeSsJnWePC4A1wHiL3zhC08XfyM0HChlSkScTnPhsiPe8nlPCBxUJ4z1VLfV4VWucpVpBewEqdUyfLWBcyQenENLAsdl5xjKLI1StIJEJ8rSymj+eYj2KtMkQ/luDjGBQQN1OFoPzjGlwI1j6g0uTXS0ggc3GyTgCDP7OML2FpjQOdaDBKGZJPzACSWCkGlLH1GkyrNXUh36V/nRJHMgnLXDIJMHL4Fpo9UtSwI4XgJXnjTB7Z3gI3C+tOII88N26tWKEs+gIVra+ogXTBCiLz8lgy4+6UAXzmrfg5bMrPFiM3/lMcPqD07e+hBvgZmgjitKytCEFX6cPewUJYsQPrGtgE9MXihKeOgn9RsTyoaTPhzb0TYCHEy6y4Ov4xOT9GgiXlkpSisrWwI+rRpXlG7nATdpHxUlOmij8jJDook6wP3hwbqtKMkc9OfIDUrMniW8mV7JTDRh3vbOlMz64/855UFv9BWP3sLyoq84kwkwZTClK7t38to+MH6TzmRZWDkskbbH5FMe+qO794N6DkRRWiFaWRCyiGPVh8EpTYrLitKAYde3XEdE+xOYbbtHOZTpuD+JaMohZM12zHoc2bayYTbQWQgv3ZWudKVpwDVA5LPq1Ql17Hb1HgRM2zwd5vHOjbjBO4fRxBukFGWrSX4Ch3AhZOy3dJindsbMvedHG3448HsfaVFa8ZVHmfoonKIkACnAVgVWlBQlJ0wh8nPjhQPVqQ5l8+cu2vCjx4jTiL/4cJyH5cEflSEf8xOFf1hWlPgEbxgL0aU+r+3ehbloXRrv5Zv7eKL04uRRD38MK9e7lQh87DnW902g8q084pt8ackOqzJ9VR3VDSZcvb3nF8cPl8J86YLbXzdm+j9KK0oO7qOjSKUzYVev9itHOD+agK3LilJ7OdY+49WChTvf+c43yVILFPT1J9mZW+Fv8aMfyGkWARMZE1VljU/0tIfp5rBooQyy357vTW5yk9V5z3veSUGaXKlfudKgmW03q1RhzrWcJibiD+o5cEVpxvr1X//1kzm1FaWTkAaMTtH4iLsTIRDLCpBSlFY6DH3pS196+kbQCa273e1u076o2Ryzgc7WSZyZKGFRPVa0FKU4MOWfrKe6U5ThA86FY3C+9ltRtkepbTmzQOEUJTo7RCFfZSiz8ivPe2mUzwXj9wgXx1cWP9PrXFGOwm6uPMVxo6IMB/VU9ggLJ3VW/zxdcXx5w1kYrHf5wPLBD6uiHNsu3Ht+tNrOD4Y+o6scsMrJH/uk/BQOfiQU44smT/FC8PHdKjNFqSyuOsf6RnykGfu1dGPeyiqOn6K0R0kxjoqyW3nAKUpj0KS7ckY//KLDOh3m0c4b3OAGW3uUJgnRiu+dbKUoe/e5jL7SLu2MZuTs+IBLY7JOPpXWXqfDQqwKlKDDUfSCFTdrEuXbZIUlbFSULGZW5Mo6qOfAFSXCMZEwO5g5UFJWFIjTSTEEQlxuuwfc3pFTnogl/b3uda/JtKijzP59IGxFKf6yl73sZDagpJlzTjvttElxwIVj5nXJce871bsdLnsNq26KshmzNjBBMI12sfNoSkJP9HO4yaoxxYhG46XomI1gsl/M/ONQk9tvxgkKM2f12FxHE4ODibW6TT56mPBKz3ypL+SxokRnJhLKOnOrwcXUDUfmHZv7CUECU1orY3gyjaobfvBkDmP2awDpayYdcG0xyKRHL6a+LruGC5g4p3fNZMVlcoSvtipDW9BGen1xGBUlM1cmaG1H52ji8nB04pgv0SKaxHPoPvKJ8YZWaMbMjY7KY+IEUwchi+b+41SfgTOhUS54Vr+bzBmf8YM9MnCu/6bEP8z1/gTApegOelS3OtQbn8BTPXy8Gb/3zZ84ZkJweDElgnFoAuaUJRxbUdrfv/vd7z45JtdWlRQleWbMKc/pVu1WFtO0ssAzQa/LijLapShrP9zDH/0sNmxt2eowGSC/jX1xpVWW8PhUnn5xu1Hjk5kVLY1lfGLiQFHKT6H61A2/qYPpdVSUaO48hrIP6jkQRUmAW2IjUkQ1gyDcER3zY0aKck7o7QihQzAcZkMse2OErBXqF3zBF0y+QztMrga7fQafolje6/Av+qIvmgafuuRnxiW41+HRNg9GcLorRoZrAgzO4S4MTrHIQ/kwuaYs+QQNOGZjHjIrjmGVk1NWiq54fnU3ELx7+OFXHJ+jnOwjUcpMNPo481r7Tt4JRX4w7516dTIaTpVZWL2F+eEKHv5jfGnCcWzTmK68peMfxlOvZvfRoLaiXW6EoU9OvLiR3mDRUNwY9t5T3rGsFOV4mAcfcCnLkUfAWCHwkn1jE+FwDqcR93ANx+qWtvYXlx9fl7Y9yj4PgbOVZObXfIrSGOxvttSdU5byq9O7/b912KOsnRYWDj9Gm/qNLw25SZme5zznmSYpVnm7ebQ7d4lLXGLryklK18TCFpm+tC/pcx91UY6Xv/zlJ5l97nOfezoERHYZn+ItIuyJCh/Us++KEpGsGB0F1jCN1Rls0RpLGJrlW9VZOUh/tAcDKottu1mrcs0kzULNgq16HCBptWS2aCZqpodBzV6VYUZkxqJz1uHRNo9ZlVmWWZU2WA3DN0Y2qQBvlk8B2gOgEHPN0puVO+BjMBvsMa9yrcSU1Yo+uoBbaXHwUre40vLBKstss/Rm6laUZo2EnRWl/WcrBoIuBWl/yr/Q90/04F1hx3yrvPE7TxMfeILX9ngKPnAIr3Dzzsmjv2uHtMrilFs7hK0o5HEg6jAd5iGcHJxC0+3aHjyaNdbQxIpNHnFohRc4tOLEoW15lFU5+AycE5bWAT/8OCrKLqLoe0q8wnnHQxxFyvRqfKgjnqsP4YAn1K2P45P6vTbIB5bzro18ZcE1RemDerwMZysaY4jzbnvBpLY9SuWFU3XEW+G7LitK/YdWJiCsCcJg44MWzo2Q0+hBvqLrbp7azSfTjHf0UQ9LBXnNOqGP7HNWP73A2uQwlMm2wzzwQk+HHOPB3eCwF2n2XVFitgZV4ZF4hRGB876bR+eZvTkdFXErg6+u0dc5yuazjVOUwuzdZoXSrsMDbw+mcujIhdIYyXHr8DfQwZhcmUS134rcTItgx1R8q6FWlkxCvlcimBysih4EnHLUw4yVKaU61GOTHhyN5DPpkIcjWOpXkxPlcAaBwwH+PYRyZG7tsutWj3xC2wpYHEVKqVKUrA3MNeowQNXNMZvBSR3Mh/BRPwEkrQmZ+HFiAf/wgi86KouZsLLgDibOBCG4S9EP0+chhDl6m8igCXqZJNZ2YXDt7wQrmuATcDTGJyklvjKYxMUReI09PAvGMc+qQxwhyBTaDUwpSv2PHwhPk1z80YrSOzg+wU8UpU8XfCamfPjGJ/A1EY8XmkyrH37Sckzv3sGNIemUpZ3yKydFaTXF0oGfyQuO4sSrzkp0KTqZRIkoI4dGjRG0U7exvQ4rSm2s/cYS53185vFoxR3rYxy6cED/q3fu1MMFVwe6mYiQaXAj18hucXM8jxWfY0n/aYoywvF7YnywOrxwafg75S2PhkpTuvIGq4w5XLwyyo9ImA+hLMnNLmLG8kovXXlHuCvymHwNEoqWYJRufJStPuX0VGadyefmacrLP9ansjrMIz+YsqJTuPYOTwpQHqtHghAzpSSFwdBKOqYjZcpfub1X5hhXGn7h4sf3sa1WgxQMJifsrAo6vDOa1RKEI4zggaeT0SM+wiOehcOhd+nQJDi/cDyUL200rnzlVNZhNL02Say9/Fx0Q69oIC76FY6mCbPyR7vy9i5+HqZsTPDsP6YUszbk449cZle8ctr/f9frHM/wq39rT37xIz7hCjbChVm9TC6sKOHbnqTVZGE+06vJnTMX0apyazc/fE/0ME/tUd74jHVVnz4aH3lyI1z6ytX27dKANZke80Y3vvqUo7zxEWdFiUbjo0zpxY8POJg+0OdkvENAYxvDkT8+5ZV/DI9pqnOed0xT+NMUpcwVUKIq4ufmaaQNNjZYuA6T10wfoUciVmZ+9c4bKR4s512d5eP3SFOccE9lIHodyh/TjPiOcGFx8Jdf+d7nacC5EV79R/Ojy6golcPVzvANT7i0ohyVI6XZHiU/RWlFWRmVnQ/OVVd1gNWuaMgHG9PWvk69moETdAk5ApBQTDAaAHOh2EqDohzLFx7xrt6RNuErrrTCpQmmrNKK815dpeUfNkVJ6OOLaKLN+BldtqPnSJd5fHHoxI30HGHgvfOr24TNhMj5giZMfPyQcsQfxYEX14oSDsrnV0fh/PD2XjgctD14ePLRg7OipACd8kwxMrdmdg1GUTpgZAJevZUXXvng+6Uoa5c6hOEiPD7hxx8f+EkbTcgVsPGpvO3yxkPyhMc8r7K58VEWJ8/4hE/xpYFjTp7cPG8ymi/9vC3yKRPeR3s+TVHKxNzEJt2jEgWqiPnDdUUaOzZMnJNdhNwIl9c7kxlzIlNJCI7lYzw38Ix5xcMH8zkMVD51FXZo5Iwzztj6fqkyS2P1yNQxPhHc5rVvdOrg0sjrWLiTsEx6PeDSMq04ZastFD94j/R3uctdJvPUCC/+aD56eeaKkkmMuUpbnKKLrlbTzEUGsw9/24+0amCu4JiX3ftKUVKovj9VDtMU85g2KU9ZmdeYNdGY015pxclX38vHnCIODhRbD7PWaaedNn2gbW84ZWivCW7wZI6lMBN+9qmZ3tB9XFEykWZGE67tzIHw4TJB61v4wQcO4uAPzmmXsjjmNe3TT0yvwbtVBPywKUr9b3yPVhR8rO34q7tI0VgaMP0uDXqgFzizOCcfPhAXP8RD0imHY8aNvmgtfYrSyWIm1VYOzjTgE7Cc7ylTlMyweMuBDzwQXtWhz03U1AsneKgbTzB9Nv4JUIcCpYcz/o/njTEw95caWz4PgS95wuLBDOsQ4KgopTMhxYtwUj9f+bnkxYkqSnjCHS7jA6596DLuCY5pjA+TZROQ8UErNHHYi1m5MTOmsUfs0CBT+vioV370QevwGNM4AGRFqP7xkY9ssmIfH7RrzLroQTrlxlN8W0TkrcnW+FQ/niIDyzumwVvoJ+3Rnk9TlBDDuJh1fMBVhoF9p1iHl0ajEAhjjRWDe7c3hBAUm7LAe8Q7gGIzV+N7pFGnwco2nYAey6eAMbA0Y15h6R1gsafWA15bCGomSXWM+AhrvyuVMM74SGtA/cAP/MAkXJutlAZdHL83aOcMUZoj+bUBk3eFXfjBWzz8+OggzFEslKuBShHlF6aYWlHqh/Irs3LgJTx31Vla7zlpC5cOPoQhYdZ3lK0MEnberTJbaVKYrS7t+1j5ULzhll97e4cTN4cXzy8sTeE5HO5jXOWZYGgHwQAm3SY+8Cas8QneqH3b+ehQX8Z7Y7ripENoDSmfAAAgAElEQVR778EKo1Gw6Mb38OWlZODD9FrfE97GXhOrJlHim1ThGQes7FEqh1Nm/BlM/cWFgzQjbsXHQ+Fc3vYou+vVhJ68gTvfWOKsKE1CTB7UNbraXNniTlRR6hf7zOTt+FQvBQI/i5e5HPKOr32uMj7Rwp6xG77msk1a7dN2inh80A9OdIO9XuFoXTqylhKe4yMdhabO8QEnT03StFMYjuPjcA9561v88ZFOPfiJQhSe5zX5soiYy/ixnMKfpigrEMF76uAarwEc+PhARJoxrzBEyiNNrrzSKEuasTFgygMrTtoxjXA4j3B51TtP33v4VP6YtzTKFe5RpnRg5Qcb0whzczpUxtF85XlaUaqvOqsrv7rEEziUK4U436PsfTtFqYzKzw9WPfnBpRth4L3zuUyvFCXBhmE5wq53QrCVgrjgnXpttVDZI35g4/sYLi4ffqObpy2ueryX5rApShMQq/bazB/bPbZ9TFO66FIe/jg2vY9xvY9+5RK48ElR6n+OUkxxFsYfTbL4KcrKgpc64ALm3VOYL06a0oKVJ/xK7104Rdl3lCnG0ac8+zyEIqn8sczC4pR7oooympMz41M96hAn3TyNOLIxGpUfnAMPz+3SgM3LVE91iZPG+/iAbQeXLhk+T19Zoz+mkVeZ2j0+2uEpXppgpau9czyLH/1PU5Q1ht8DiZGA4BAfK67S/PJ6l79yR8RLU7y4scGVNfrzBhdX+WOZ4uZlKh+sOP52ZVae+J7SanvtqKzSjOWPeYs/ml/7KT0n46zSnSgcza1MST7aziwGn/YoraDNklw0wDLQitJsjZmZQs2MDT+rNsfCOaamGNaMVL3gTFbRQ7z34sZTr0yWlWUm69Sro90+/aCsCWgu5UhpsiRQRvCUjmDsG1ub/trJCgFXjrkUjOvjbX3A5B1N4NDsUxx80Uo85Vt/w9dRd/BMddHEsXTOXa+H6dSr/tcHZv3opI2tlrXdyVF9C85MWb+jO5g8TNr4AG35TnrWV2b4HnFWPPFDJ1LFqU9ZtnDGFaVTr1YceMUqAJ80wWL9gbe4Tr36xMK4qI74BM5OVmqHfteOxiVrULwrjlleevjaRsALypNfnhSlK95M4PAzJUnJ238Hw69OvWpLhwTDiY9GyuLQDs/5ZvBETr02HuA9PuDao676jj8+tXcOL+8YP0/jfS77lS1v8NLM88I1N8enPCN8xKcwf3zkO1KZxcs3p5X36DSWuV340xTldokW2MFRQMd5WlEKg+ViCu91PliKMpMrn0vwUEStKB1GwEDy52Koo8HHdOGgjPCcAqvVtNd12mB6bUWQ4ONTiq0ihVtt2kMldCjx8Ksu9eeK0/7C2/nRrrgGiPfiaheYcGkP4x4lvoiG+bU3mgSPtr3P06GfuPJ593gHj75zX5yVmBVln4fgBWZXfBA/8HPxjneTl0yvcAy/EZ9wLa73cO1d/AjrHcxZBbzYhQMUJEUJd+HcaHotP1wqt/Z7F78uFw40Xhf/yBRYFOWR6XPgsQaUZ1SUBtZ2g69BZyZnMNtkbwU5N8ESjja1pTO45S1/gmYUMuqbC8nwSABURu/hDn+ze+ax9ijba5qb1sAJvhSp+PHzkPCobr56tblweIztEQ6veTuKAy+uvGN9YIdNUep/PDLSTrj37cJg0UkYXUsXHK1y4ktTePSjtT00+FCUcx4YzazzMEXqFi6KUv1waTUTDsGs5oTBw6n30o7w2lOaUVGmIPntT46K0mEeq+vyKrd6a3/vJ2p6PXDBdIpXuCjKPWaABkT+sRYvn2dUlGBOI/qIn9moU3UGJNMnmEHqL8qYMglCjvmVY4514UD/1u7+VbcYcX2MbQBnlmIaUofy1c2c5p5OcKakzJqEU/dqimOu6mHWsqJ0gtWp11YDzGlMwkzBlLn3hCTzGoV+xnDXq/KcVFW+9jPnwQluDnIx4YlzUCUhRziiCTifWbY4ZlhweGde03YHBpSvPPWBcYdRUTInM9+nXBx20240YYJO0FvRowk4Eyd6oD3ztcMTJjXoi97i7HvpB2UxYcovPaffwDkmb+kpHJaQeEH/4wXlMsM26eNTjilM6awo3eGsD+HLMbHiO/h2WQI4szE81c30WXp8HE58fCIObsyw2m67wtiyooTvmWeeOZmMWT2c8BwVpc9D8Asei1Z8defUiR7rcjNP43Xxj0yBRVEemT7HHGsQEEBcwtlgEd7NI7/HHmV3vcrLNcCVx43vmV7t4WRypYiEOXACyQzegFfPWIZ3TpnF8WtDsNoSDnxP79JxVpQU5YMf/OBJwBF+BF0+xWlfK+FHQDK78V0CwSRHEdbuefnwDLfi+CNN4BXe4KUrTX44j2krm1LXjvbxpNnEB96UGLoyx0eP2ow2wtFbeExTOBpHS+ly0hTezq8/xKnHX+6Nple8QCHGB3gBbDvfirK7nsNprL/2gKlLncHmuPcunXFbW+VpRenU69zcalUJZiujwzxWlPO2V284KP9ETa/hCWdOmWDLsz8UWBTlHtMV05pVOgzTgMvfTVUGk2f8PKSBIK4BMQ5uYQrQSizFyB9n5N59YiOdAV5+fvjNw+odB3fpwMSNZYCNbvw8hFIkADOvjoJPuNVmQrELByjK6lSXOuf1ig+ufu/lmfvKGCcwxdfuseziDtuK0oSKoqzN9aW2Rz9xY9j7mL64aOS9NOUd34NJ5/GuPqsx+LRHGV/gAxOqJlXeg5WGWb9/B4JHuFS29/ASVl9p8qUdTbPeiyt9irIVpUnm6LTBu/uitWU0vSqPg0cu2PGYXiuDD0+rUxYkskY74Lw8+0OBRVHuMV2ZKf1bilvx+940xt5NVdJ6mF79OalTr1YCTIOVY2AwMYlz8pPwpwDlceKVY251mpSCtLJ0mQMzksFs37ABy4ymHCdelZUZTTvA1TPCDUZmWThx3Z2qPGa74L7RshJzSnB+12sKk/CDG4XO+ZiZIHSSsP0eOPSBuvYz51VH5mE4MZsF5xMi4OGrHA7t4AoOXzDprYCjL7MkUxy4b7QI5cOyosQnTo8yhWofU/p41ysTf7w1muVNWqTnmCVTMAS2E84+i5CP+T46Mn+WZ6SfOsA79Zqi1P9w45x6xSdNpLwzuXLS6RMrSmZcZalbuerm4AsmLlM6XPGJNoMzw+KT+IHpNn5AE+WkKN31au/cSVerSMoRb4OZ2FHaaOvUq5O0ys9lblVPF3Qcz6lX+XOsMf5xg2PW1TZuefaHAoui3Ae6YliCn7I844wzJmWSqUQcZt/pMTg94x5lgyO/MvjKTVHe9a53nUyslM/oWl3ao2xFSVHMy1N3MH71gOfGfPAsfWlrl88B+jxkvjJohcBPELYH5d3+D4XeilLZI25w8A5e3BgPp95LM/rln6eDe+2TXvxhW1EydeLN+k178Q96eaJT9C3dSCvpvEsrb2nkyRXf+9xXbyvKvqPEA/p/dNvxjv1Rk7AO8yi7/goXvjrqz/zShg/853mlLZ6iRLPueqUgU5TCzK5MyEyvJndwO1Lbw2+3K8r6Y/TdmmN8uJGGEl6e/afAoij3mMYNUAPN7NSfkV7qUpearv7LPCJup6e4UVGCNcDGcAOSb5C6mf/GN77x9Pdj/Bvd6EZb7/5vzrdgBpgBPgoHZVYuuDA/gVE9xc3jx/y1qz1Kf27rajrXjs0dIeTqKSsKwpLPuR4Qnn3zGG7RID98es8HL7xT3uL5I/69F3/YFKWJUnuUI23GMPrNaRgvSCdcvPfC0Q6s8nYKS2sLAN9aLfqG1oXZOXyxHd+4QtN+e4qyfgqH0Q8HMM57frji18rQruDB8Cgcv+IrvmJaNfpecnRWtVe96lVXX/7lXz6lG02v1R8NRn+3ihIeKXMr4Nvc5jbTH1ajQ9afxtzi7x8FFkW5x7RtgBmQBp4Zn8HmhN7tbne7ydwjzU6PweSZK0on95iSmEg7+akcJlJwf1R90YtedLqkwP+1uazAn61y/sBa/QY0c65Tj5mY3J0azsxSymcyUscIV0d5DFxt42deEkex9Tj552QiIUPpmZVv5wju0ZUeTJvRcX7Xa3gx+4ZTH8ejX3gV5zQmuHzSaaO4TmWCU+xg4rrXFPywKUp94GpG5mV9iC7da5oZVrvREH3qdybOaMi86hS006VolsCWJ9MiOnYZhXxoGq9k5rai1M9Oi/L1fbyAZwrz4x3w0l3ucpfbsjrAuXbAWR0e/IMv42v9Ly04vOFUXJcPiGN2Vo4ti0tf+tLTuDGuLnOZy0zjzFgTpjSNKffO+mNik0FbAtrMKat28zPD7vbUa/i769Sfz7uj1fZB409blmf/KbAoyn2kcYIFMxNM9jnMhH2qYZASLAbCmE7Y02GeBpv0Boi/BjOgG+zyE1wcRQfOyeedIhWXsgA3yJTDGbjl4YPJVx1jenDxpa8OadWh3B7t9emH/SQrGM7+UntNfCdK20+d+y7uVqb2abu6ufAF58JXHLyCl37EVxy4ctElRaEdyi0ugak8Jmx9Nu6x1cZN8rWRoKZo8B/ei171H1qhNTqJkwatwPEPmHLE618KqP4ILq08aDmnLzjlqSxx+MNF2fV9nzPl4xkrJ3zTviXfvaDyWr1VB9zgon51a0ftkwZMHBeu2lF6uElfG9Gk9LVdeuUGV19ljfDqEMdVNz+cnHq9wAUuMLGQNGPdwvUDhW2SSxFT3PXNJvHeYcB1UZT72IvjAMD8hDMhZTbKJOnwgUGM+bkGFpRaUconTQOpgeJ9DBcfvDJH+DwcfkdLu1M9lRfecz9cgpde+8CUyw8eHoREk4jaXrpwGfMWV338YHxOOcFKV1nVEXz0D9uK0uqM6VIbx3YKR6v6ofjolB8d8ysrv3LG+MJ8fYvm/MJjXeVXX2HxYxnhmF98acJlO5ylGfOVlg8+55XgY7p5WL553aWJ38d6mV5HRSnu/2vvvl52O6oHjl8YOZhoEiXBqMTYe69gA3sBE6NGo1hJIIgVURFFsaJoUATrjaDYQ1CxIWLBcqEX6pV655+yf3y2fg/z2z7nnKDkfZ/nPfPAPLP3mlVm1pQ1s/bs2QXyjRWOmrz00kuXN77xjeuGq/iRNX9Hq4FpKI9I3zpBAzKX4g033LB2As8LdQoDho4Az8+KkluHO0mwC086HmamZprcWVxiYAIe3JR2G6IxS25A8GI2d6rguk5HNhgavBq4yMADnBz8G0TIiMbsOV74ll8rsGRbCYPjIyZDGoPoZXdBeZpx00H5tWORC3DkRTZevRwvb2b9o4xm5NJGnchvvOSRXGXMzSuN3oL7FNtJOuuVC5OhVHZ6pN+eBSs7XdMjndhtnK60EzA09F57UJd0xaUp3UpM/WkTZOAl2JgVnDw0eLWjGb76BxPUb+1ErG3ij5c6JB8//aJ8yXtt0cpV2aRVDmnyhz84Ga2I8bMBrTQr5pFX+VWOyg4nfK5e+PJUW6zs7sEFeQHnxh0NZbLw9rzeCtIrKbwA6gB8xDmiYWuK+bcGpqE8hqagw2j4Th+xCeAFL3jB/xuoDQxWlJ5j6Fg6sMEFnU6jcxusrEgNFHVcaWDwdVyDQp1XBwfHL17SDE5g8Wpg1LnBk38mGQ00eOFLhmAQwUue5SM+Bk+8wBtkGUoDIZnRGPTkSTnHQav8kpHBR4NX5ZBGRgMLPoL08ouGTuhJWs/TwOWXcQX3/byT9noIV6aJgfLR1Vh2BjGd0G9tjnGiP/WnzdG3NHpmkKrD4PSoDvEfZaCJF3h1qK7UP9nR4F0gF1x7UIf4oyFDvgQTsuAmO3ihq83Blz88wNDALwQDb9KGpvwmY9RJeaUTcEE5govTiTTllS87dhlK/E3qlFM7t3o8derU+r1L8PnbDw1MQ3kM9VBH00nMVK+55prlsssuW5/V6Bzgr371q9fTO+C6F6ITBy9ugOhe3AAw0sdHXPqWNviWLprg8JITzH15CD8899IMHEI0wcM3aIww12Dx3ZXfLX68Rnj0pW3L2X0xvJN2Ms/W9UongjLTsVi5C8Hdh+d6hI8043U06V1a6SOv+JUWXfi1h+AjPj7xH3lu4dGMPEZYMspDPLvf0qWrMR1OIfljnuAmp2eU+ru+4DQiu9JNjr1iAncaymMYnM8gchrKMyjm9gTrPDqMDiLWIawuPbfwOomOwvXqvo5mhmsFYCXQak2nNHs1mwUX6og6mhUTmFnsOAs32waTZgVRZ5eP4K3iyA9emnuyRxl4WYnBF+QXTLBiSYb8mtFze+Env9LEVgfwlQceGXhZKQTHq8FImawCpKENH6/wxelEunKRK7TiBicjPbqO10l7Rsn16ijDsT3QaXWbu175x7alnYAFV4etutOvelQP9Kjtoa89VIfgIy91UH3UrtHoG+quNkwGeDKkVYdg0ioHeHUov8oKX5C/8lQ7iZd2LQ0NXrWHMb+ug8Op7Np75ZDnZIjjLz38nlFacV533XXrRPnmm28+PSYokzB/+6GBaSiPuR7qmDqnzvaqV71q3S5vhelYrAYbnc0JOQI3pU4UjferbMu3Lb3OrkOCFXK3kqfDRpP7CdyghT8+nuHgTw44fHDp8gROhmdT4MIoQ36DG1ThkyF/Dsz2KgJaA2Jl8bwHzCsHBiHyBa4q5bCN33Vwg6H8oOH+C16+wOU7wy5duYKXX3ADFlz86ERehZO2orTr1U5TuqN3PwZPuZVfvVUfcLzmI9AJPdEtY6GO1CGXK0NEV+qy55V0jD49qrfagwkfOH7JkFabA1dn6hx/ce1a3sgAk6/qED/lABfk1y8Z2g64NgaGD57kRsPFio80bTadaBtoBOWgJyGdgDPy8UlGvPBJjr5ET/r2xRdfvL6+5Uzn+jSa+ds/DUxDecx1omPUCcVm9N67vPLKK9f3Hw0KBqcGLziug6GvQ255beHx2Maj/PGajPEeXTxH+CjX9Xg/4iUXbOQVfORdukFli+++vEVTnLztfTQjvOszyUdzEg2lk3mUeSy3sqbzdEjH6ag4HPfRgI247oX4bON4jXH1Ge4oJ7wxbeSPdsTvOhz08RCPfFzDC3e8Lm0bh7vl03348SoGl1fG3buZJi2OxNPnoxHP3/5pYBrKPaoTHYphsGLjer3kkkuWO9/5zuuZmNw9Opk0Zzua/epgwtj5rUrN+KXX+fA1kw2/FUAdN17iBh35cD/yarAhQ5AOr4EAXzBhXMXBIbu0UYaVo9k4OeDleeTVqjr9lCdlgh8N/qWN8FEnyVCWUSetksmQ93TFTXnSdr060pB+K+NYV/RQXY36rQ5LS+fi6pD+6a/2mAxw9MHJAMMLDpr4BReP7cR9aeD4oRnbSeUgx3U0cOAGr9zSyS5oJ6WN7aSyw8e3/I4ypFWG8PHy7qO+i8a9Q8y9HmaD2BVXXLHSlO/yuEdD0szKvzUwDeWeNQWd2c+uV1vE7VA0+3TSDjfULbfcsp4ha4u/szEdwlwHNQD16SppnpXUqbnKvKQNbst5NNxgYM7URGtQMUh4ltPh5eANWmQ4ALu0ZJDDxdQ5nVxddXyu3s51TQZ8PH/+85+vh6Y7mCBedIAeL3KUGz441xde8ux0GHCBCw+uTRFig54BS6AjMDQGrcrOdUcn5JDhh5f8emZMjs+EXXjhheuz0MqzIh7YH92pd88ovcTvm5zKR+9eV0i/3IbqhL7goFNu7kf6oyv1rx2goV+H3juCTrpJDxppjETtgX7x8fN8mt4FMsCF6hAf7YQMbYQhcV+9ayfkkqNdkyHPvC/ll+sUDI0D+vGXJzKqc21eO6kcDncnW9m5QsuXa3AhFz8aMsDI8O1KeRXIkCc6cfSdM1n1p6uvvnrd0eozck4Vute97rXmV57nb781MA3lntVPnaaTeXQ8z410Ni8fX3XVVesRXo6l85wkY6DjCg0IDRh1djEYnOLwS4u2eMQb6UberneFeIabLPddK5trMfwxjHgjj65LRy+4F/Da4nQfbvjkjbLBy0PXJ8312nuUylkZ009ld5+OwtneV3elj7S6VDzFBbh+cINFJ97yCm/EGfFG/FHeiB9O6dLGOh/hruGPsFHeFp6cLRwPwddRHLfniD6PUuxu93yefM8lp6Hcs8H3LNmZhvIsyjmOJJ3Or5N5GEKdjmvHlvJTp06tHc+XOZzvalYbTp167Lh12jp1cfDiaM91D2870JA3ykzGLhj+I3zkVR6CwQ02xtEXww8XrDLEp/wUSx/Tuo/HKOuk7Xr1eoij4dIFfaWzYmldp8viUTfjtfRoRrjrQunpOZ6tDoOHH8/qt/v4h49vNKWN99vrER+P+IxxMtGW75E33PjEIxqu6Ouvv3654IILVkOpr3qMwpuRq9lmnmkoj2OE/e9kTkP53+ntdqPS+fwylK51RN+XNDvtQGgDns0Azo/lYuIC4mLkptJhBS4k7iWB6wzMoMRFBZ97yKoUnFwuI6+mgHOJNXCAcy+Bc2161mLQwCtXJ1mMdj8uPDCBeyxeniHeeuutq/sPz54fyQPXF3x589pHA5E8kg2fu5Rc+NzGwdEGlwau3PiZZJTGRQaGFzcuGfJmlyaYwGWY7JNmKLUZn2nipaAT9Wj3qnJzN7d5DJwLOjcsvdMrXXEjegTgAHDpPcvU9ka3vDr0o0ttgN6F3LDguf7Vl2+AkiuoM3mq/Won8MlQ19Vt7Vre1Ftwu0zxgS8f5JKh/pVB2eVbe09Oz8mlWfnhpS3iRbZgZ2vlSCfk1Bal+R5t/ZO+9VmxHe1cvfjc1kPR608zPl4NTEN5vPr/D+k6kd9oKMEMCA6Dvummm9Z3rnQ8nVFwbuz4TA6+wSCj2eAjBt8GcDTiBsNwR3jXpeEDP7h41y/+0qOJR2niXaG8li/30ZQ28hxlKH84I3yLjx/+BsjwxeAnzVBqLzbzpMP06l6o3Nu4NHocaeCBCfEQdz/G4YmjS078ox3hGfR4lSYfo0zwMSQnGHxh5CNtLE9pwaJNjnu/Mb9dM+YmgadOnVoNoz560UUXrZ+78xF3kzG4ZHiP0orSz/387bcGpqHcs/qp04yGss6q8xo0zLat+Hxyx5cFzFjNVludjZ2/jg9WZ8en6zouvHDBRvxwy0fp4RSXdyrd4rgfZbiObosLvk0Pp7h0ZXEdf3HlCx6NeAzJh1coPdqTaCjHDzdXzm25uy+mq/QF1rV45DHCoy1dWgHsTLgj/ihrhLvuPjljvCt9i+9eHrZwfLYw9+FXhmLtzbUVtncjbb5zFJ1vq9rcpM/CsTmpPE5DuWcD7zmyMw3lORR01Mk6ox9DaWccV45detw8OpkOxyXGJSRwdXEN3XjjjeuzJ26kXEO9UqIT2/EYTe5W/Lw0zSUl+GxRbjQ7C7mewNvlCF9nt4sQHL9xFym3VLzIy2Btd0wy9Hgx7AYT740qI3dgNO16JcNMvIGr/CqjfBiEBAMS2crPHUyGckuDlx654cDJp1NwdLnXpCmT/EjznttJO+vVM0qvGCkfd6tdr/RBx7nl6R0OuMBNna7oU92pK8Eh3upQuncE/dBoA7WHUYZr+lVXXJzVhzrEg2yPEciQps1pg+DS2x0trXYN3ov+ZHsMQAYa7taMVTtSyeZ29RgBH+m+rxlNBwDg5Rp/ZbHrtbaoXYOj+dKXvrSeqsXr4xll5RbrU+lEueTp4Q9/+FxRrlo5jL9pKPesnjKUr33ta9edcdyHBgpBWoMTeEFn1tm5X+EFByuAG3gMCNLB0eEHHk284IHHD5x8dMHQgBUajPAsDZ0Qf7R4oAE3iICJ0UkT41UexOCCa/hiPMMXuw+eXLFyVHa8hTFPaIKBu08nPtx7kt6j5HplKMc6VHb6SyfqIl0Gh5NOpMEV1CP80sD8xPQ4htLwwkMehPiQFSy4tOo2GvfluXwmH3ykSX4wtCZR8QKPJh7JhivgAV8IV7mDiz3fHPOVXDEZhWja9UpXeM3ffmtgGso9q586jRXleNYruDB2ePd1ZPA6Ybh19DrpGJcmDu66gaDrLV7wZIv94pFsMVgxOtfxC39XnAxp4RfLX3y26e6TB6+yBEsWXtvrUWZ8xSfN9er1EB8/rvzpJv1udRN81MmWJl7Fu9qDtOi6di+QUTzKj9+Yh2DxiscYq/f4hNf9mWTHN1ni2lppeIEnK54jDVz9MJxtHN+5mWfPBt5zZGcaynMo6KiTdSy/8RklGJcjt40df1ynYDold5UX7wW7Bs3u66xcZODcVtya4Dq/MzHBhHYgSuM2QyOQ0QDAPUUuXtxYrf7MsLmr4ONl518/MtAIDiJoZo1XO2vRmsUri3zZtRivdr3ix92FvzT5hS9vXNDyA86FlwyxvIKP+UWTDG7mZCg7d2D65Yb1I+ckvkf5oQ99aK1rOld2LvP0zs2o3AIXNJ3Q/fiivTbnAACueWlWYHhpD+qhtqLNpUc6rT04cEBdkKEOyBa4UcHliXdE+8BfXWon0gQu4dq1NgBf0DbIwEt94g9fOZKh/uODp2f90vCzKsRHWbj+8SI/XtI8BoAvjbx4yUcy7CImu7JXbjFdSZuGclXPwfxNQ7lnVVUH2xpKnZoh8/zDcxY/HZdRADd4gWcsdPbg0nInoWHoSutVjwYI/KWNcAMgHuDS4Y745IKT3Y88A49g0Iumgcvg5TWDBmtwfMDwys1FH1xlYAJeYPDJkCcBLZg0POW3PLuXlozS6FS+0Gx1ohzgJ81Qcr16nkZ36Utd0y09Vld0pg7A1UnPldGAMwwmRj0vpEdp6huN+oBHh9LwrT00mZMGR33Al159VIdkg7uXJsAV5Fc58BGUo7qtncAf2wle5Ul+4Vf22km8gstvNPiikS/waMgoX8moDbkvwMdrbuZppDiMeBrKPasnnchvayjBBZ27AaPrbVw6/K7FI17XI06wkSa6OnhpcIXy1HXqHPlGE+6Y1nWyw4l/tOWje+nyJAQ7Wxx/OCPNCO+6PIlPmqH0yoLXQ5S18o46qadPW7AAAAzKSURBVOzS0lN1kn6jFUsrbNO7j2f30XVPTjzB4ldcmvhMNODlN5xddOVF2ngdjXiUE3wLQxsP8a50fSEZ8el+GspGisOIp6Hcs3rSkfxs5nn84x+/7uTj4rHDrs5pdm93osCN1QAh9qki+HYAmuHW8bm4wLnQrObq3Ga6cKXhZVUozcyZuywZ4OSTAQ8cnVl8gwS+5Yu84GQEH2VI5+L1MjqXlnJVFqsVeUXHhQdXiBd87t3KZ3UIN5pW1mjKr7RWRujkFx90ufCSAZdOfJLqJG3m8YzSZh7tKX1ZmSk3ndA1uLLbOZp+ra7SVXWoruiZa53bFE2rL/zI0EYEKzAwbch1+rWbNjhaPATuzuqQHPfxGtuJdlY5rG7llwz5JUNQDjBp2knlwNOKlnwytCcw8q0aK7trNOSP7UT/SjadkIGX1SV4oZW1dDLkSd+eJ/Ps2eB7luxMQ3kW5RxHks7kZ0X5hCc8YX2GYzAYO67ObhAy0Ou4Onmd3T18YXQNGQyD4wVfYBAZJWkGSYMTOBngAjlkGDikk0F+MuJlcNolQz7A45UMPA1inovhR2Zyyi+4ASkZBskxv/KExmAUf7LIAEe31UkDoPx69gs/GWgqO9mf+9zn1hfI4aCrfo6jbfwvMuWbMctQMlbKpPwmH+mdHtJvxo0OtRP40ugz/YoZOwZAGiMBH7/qcNQvHZpc1X4Yt2SjTUZtLl5kgpGxbSfgyahud7UTvLSTZOOVoZQmL2D4yeOWFzptRn7hw4EvjJO5yiFPwigDHvwnPelJ01D+Lw36iGmnoTxihZ9LXAMxQ6kzGSB0Lp1YMHiN97uuwYRwi+OxjcMfeYWzhXVfXJ7C3xUrQ/AxL3gUSi8OPtJKG+W6xi+4+/C3eON9Mka67XX3DOVJWlFyvX7hC184rUd6STfFlV18pusRl2HpvngXnbTSxWNb2CVr5DHS7cId+0lytvxHHrvaSfLC28oJPtImK9oxjn6EwUf/xCc+cRrKcw2Ge5Q+DeUeVYastNrierXxQrAKmOH4dOBQa4ObFYZwaL/ybVd0bWq2q+NpT6P+uV5bTR9amzrf8jsN5Z7VOJeO8MUvfnF5wxveMMMe6MBZurmrW/HvWbM5a3YYSgOy52iOVpvtaj/6le9Scsse4uTrrA3uBCZOQ7lHlWoQbvbPWLofYaXN+F8ru6PUA0NTfexRk7lNWaGnJmCuK8dR6m/K+lebTff16+rlNlXkRDo2DUxDeWyqn4KnBqYGpgamBg5BA9NQHkItzTxODUwNTA1MDRybBqahPDbVT8FTA1MDUwNTA4eggWkoD6GWjimPPUfxXphndOJ25e7K0vj8xfW5fvH3/Ar/+TtZGrBRpfctPYvrOSW4+pZ2pl+4YrRwg52J5lxw7a1ngrelfZ6L30w/fzQwDeX5U9f/VUkNLF6N+OAHP7geZr41aAac2xJ2CW8Q/NSnPrUejhDOll/wGR+WBrQVRtFBB+973/uWl770pcv111+/7ug26WoCtq1v99qGAwucbuP6Jz/5yfL9739/vd6FD9Zvmx7c+4zOuZWvLc54H/6MpwbSwDSUaWLG/6EBgwdD6VNT97znPZdnP/vZ6yBj4OoHx32hAad7MdiuH94Grcsuu2w9HSackeeZaMOd8f5qgCH8+te/vtzlLndZPvrRj64fBv/Zz362POc5z1ne9a53nV7djW2la+3ila985fLZz352bSPveMc7lhtuuOF0OwuveGwnwcQjnNF93OMed1a5I/7+anbm7Kg1MA3lUWv8wOQxZs997nOXz3/+88tVV121niULJjhKzNFmjjD7wAc+sK44ucgE6Y6n+8hHPrJ89atfPX3sGLhB8Kc//enyiU98Yj2+7vLLL19XD1Yf3ld0ELkTcRz1FS8D2BzEDqvxqOeHPOQha9vJaKlDZ6be/e53X4+DA3fMm5Xehz/84fVMVe2KkdXu8ja8/e1vX7zP6hxWbcpnsLQNMvDEAy4+VqLguX6/+c1vLp/5zGfWM4Uf85jHrMZWmiPobrnlllWuNgw229hhtbGjyu00lEel6QOUY9BwFugDH/jA1SCa1TfDN8AZgB7wgAesx3Fde+2168rh4x//+DrIMY73uMc9lpe85CXrUXyPfvSjT5/n+p73vGd56EMfurz85S9fnv70py93vetd10GTLAPZM57xjJUOjtNkMsxzEDusRuSAA96CztFVfwID59g7xsy3Je9973svL3rRi5arr756MWn63ve+t65EL7roopX+k5/85KLtPexhD1ue9rSnLS984QuXCy+8cPV0aBs/+tGPlvvf//4r/bOe9ay1vTp4nJzOTOb2dRC5digPzoJ96lOfuq4wX/ayl6305OI3f1MDWw1MQ7nVyLw/rQHG8Oabb17e9ra3rbNwH6Z9xCMecXp1+I1vfGO55JJLVgPo4PMvf/nLy5Of/OT1CwzOR+VmMxgafN70pjctn/70p9cB8r73ve866zdY+SrD3e52t3Ul+f73v3/xUeFWCr5yYRWLN9g0lKer5iAufKD7wQ9+8OlV32gord6sGn042bNH18JNN920fjlHOoNoYqbutUETp05I4sFg4LQhxrhnj9rsxz72seWtb33r8otf/GJtr3Dw+81vfrM89rGPXeXAf/Ob37zCtU9pl1566TphOwjlzkweqQamoTxSde+/MIOZwUYwcJnBWxUaqN75zncuZvncpgwgQ2YgNJDB/8EPfrDO0H/7298uF1988WpADVBwGdEbb7xxHZByf6EjwyzfVxnIueMd77jc4Q53WJyvesEFF6yBqy4Z+6/BmcM08Ne//nW5z33uc7rutJHalzYhcLNymfIsWCWqcytLuFyvJldorChf//rXn26bHgVcc80162YfbSbPA56/+tWvViPqE2nOTMZLO2RkPaN0z6uhnQnOUa6tWeHO39TAVgPTUG41cp7fN+s3mPhO5JVXXrm8973vXXctim3o8eUDs3SuV8+gMmIZyj/96U+rwfP5LAOXdM+IzODxfOQjH7nCzOSlce1yz1133XUrDhfYd77zneVb3/rW8u1vf3tNM9DJ2/wdjgY8v+Z+941HdS2oQ3XJ6IFb/fUM/NZbb13e8pa3LC9+8YvXdvG85z1vfb6JzjNKEy302maG0rNFB41bvWprJl52yL7iFa9YV5naVJM1uD5dB88ubnnQzoTvfve76/NKX/eYv6mBrQamodxq5Dy/NxAZmAw4z3zmM9dVpHsGTfChZbPvH//4x/+xovzhD3+4DkRm7txkr3vd69aNPlaYjKOVqBWEWf1XvvKVdYZvNeEZpU8iGbAYYe44mzO44QyifVdzGsrDapzajZ2qPAZtvlH/NuNoAwyp10W4UbWZ3/3ud8uDHvSghYFkDJ///Ocv3PHqnzeDYRsNJQ8Eo8dF6xmnb2J6FeUpT3nK+ikxz0Hvd7/7rZ4OBvDd73738qhHPWpt39yynnkyqtLI4ekga/6mBrYamIZyq5Hz/N5AxEj+4x//WHy78Ne//vU6I8+Amp3b3m/QsqIcXa8MpQ0TBi8bOTzP5Noy4+c6Y2gNgH/4wx9WNxv+BkMDlp2K0l/zmtescqV5lmmXIxphGsrDapyMIiPku6p3utOd1kkUVyy3PFepdvL73//+tMsVDuN3xRVXrGnevdQOuP0FXz5hfLUDu6LhaheMLNdtrlSbxLRhuFapufFtOOv1ELK5X0360HlO/stf/nLld1hanrk9Cg1MQ3kUWj4gGQYeg4gBzjMmLlYDTkH6P//5z+Xvf//7ehCBlQKYwH36t7/9bb3GA+2f//zn9TkSIxgP19xgf/nLX9b3JxllBli6GT3jiM72fYNi/KehPKCGtCxrO9IOrBy5Rr/2ta+tO1rbkSpN3VoJejZoBWjC9Mc//nE1dOofnAvfq0YmX/C1E+3Ts2v3+DDKVpPan3tBexGj09bgjO1Tm8ObDMa2NnpYWp65PQoNTEN5FFo+MBkGIgOMWXkDUQZLURqswOC679pgM6aPfMIVG6TiGTzajKZ0Yf4OUwPqVahtaBd+6hlMPddW4Gkr1b3r6Mdr+EI8o4MDPrar6MLvXh7KV23OfbSHqe2Z69tTA9NQ3p7aPUDeBqAGI9nfXksP7jp8sO6Ddd9ANcK3+AaqES9a8fwdpgbOVt/VdbESuhYYNLTFwcc2Ed0oY0x37TfCtvfhBF8J5t/UwA4NTEO5QynnM8jg0cBED9vrBpftQAV3HJS26aUF3+JPQ3nyWl1tqTZTGxjhY3twLWQgi4Pvoh95jemut21sex9O8JVg/k0N7NDANJQ7lDJBUwNTA1MDUwNTA2lgGso0MeOpgamBqYGpgamBHRqYhnKHUiZoamBqYGpgamBqIA38H0JKlLSIB9UFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>«</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>13</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>−</mo><mo>(</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>26</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>»</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>13</mn><mo>«</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>»</mo></math> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>«</mo><msup><mi>ΔG</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">Θ</mi></msup><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><msup><mi>nFE</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">Θ</mi></msup><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>96</mn><mo> </mo><mn>500</mn><mo>×</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>13</mn></mrow><mn>1000</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mo>»</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>25</mn><mo> </mo><mo>«</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">J</mi><mo>»</mo></math> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi>Bi</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Cu</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Ag</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Pd</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Hg</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Pt</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Au</mi><mo> </mo></math> ✔</p>
<p><em>Accept <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mi>b</mi></math> <strong>OR</strong> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi></math>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>electrostatic attraction ✔</p>
<p>between «a lattice of» metal/positive ions/cations <em><strong>AND</strong></em> «a sea of» delocalized electrons ✔</p>
<p><em>Accept “mobile/free electrons”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any of:</em></p>
<p>malleability/hardness<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«tensile» strength/ductility<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>density<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>thermal/electrical conductivity<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>melting point<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>thermal expansion ✔</p>
<p><em>Do not accept corrosion/reactivity or any chemical property.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept other specific physical properties.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(vi).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Although fairly well done some candidates did not mention that providing an alternate pathway to the reaction was how the activation energy was lowered and hence did not gain the mark.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Almost all candidates earned at least 1 mark for the effect of temperature on rate. Some missed increase in collision frequency, others the idea that more particles reached the required activation energy.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The average mark was 1.9/3. Almost all candidates could recognize hydrogen bonding in alcohol but many missed the dipole-dipole attraction in propanone. There was also some confusion on the term volatility, with some thinking stronger IMF meant higher volatility.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>A surprising number of No Response for a question where candidates simply had to label a diagram with the species in the equation. Some candidates had the idea but did not use the species for electrolytic cell, e.g., Pb(SO<sub>4</sub>) instead of Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq).</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>80% of candidates could correctly calculate a cell potential by using a reduction table and a balanced redox reaction. </p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This was similar to 2f(ii) where many could apply the formula for Gibbs free energy change, ΔG<sup>ө</sup>, correctly however some did not get the units correct.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>80% could correctly pick a metal to reverse the electron flow, however some candidates thought a more reactive, rather than a less reactive metal than nickel would reverse the electron flow.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates were aware that metallic bonding involved a "sea of electrons", but were unsure about surrounding what and could not identify that it was electrostatic attraction holding the metal together.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Almost all candidates could correctly identify a physical property of a metal which might be altered when alloying.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(vi).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The equations show steps in the formation and decomposition of ozone in the stratosphere, some of which absorb ultraviolet light.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>Step 1 O<sub>2</sub> → 2O•</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Step 2 O• + O<sub>2</sub> → O<sub>3</sub></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Step 3 O<sub>3</sub> → O• + O<sub>2</sub></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Step 4 O• + O<sub>3</sub> → 2O<sub>2</sub></span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Draw the Lewis structures of oxygen, O<sub>2</sub>, and ozone, O<sub>3</sub>.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline why both bonds in the ozone molecule are the same length and predict the bond length in the ozone molecule. Refer to section 10 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Reason: </span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Length:</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Predict the bond angle in the ozone molecule.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Discuss how the different bond strengths between the oxygen atoms in O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> in the ozone layer affect radiation reaching the Earth’s surface.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Identify the steps which absorb ultraviolet light.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Determine, showing your working, the wavelength, in m, of ultraviolet light absorbed by a single molecule in one of these steps. Use sections 1, 2 and 11 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Ozone depletion is catalysed by nitrogen monoxide, NO, which is produced in aircraft and motor vehicle engines, and has the following Lewis structure.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Show how nitrogen monoxide catalyses the decomposition of ozone, including equations in your answer.</span></span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p><em>NOTES: Coordinate bond may be represented by an arrow.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept delocalized structure for ozone.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">resonance «structures»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>delocalization of «the double/pi bond» electrons ✔<br>121 «pm» < length < 148 «pm» ✔</span></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NOTE: Accept any length between these two values.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">any value from 110°–119° ✔</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«bond» in O<sub>2</sub> stronger than in O<sub>3</sub> ✔</p>
<p><br>ozone absorbs lower frequency/energy «radiation than oxygen»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>ozone absorbs longer wavelength «radiation than oxygen» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>NOTE: Accept ozone «layer» absorbs a range of frequencies.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">steps 1 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>3 ✔</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 1:</strong></em><br>for oxygen:</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="E = « \frac{{498000{\text{ Jmo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}}{{6.02 \times {{10}^{23}}{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}} =» 8.27 \times {10^{ - 19}}«{\text{J}}»"><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>«</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>498</mn><mo> </mo><mn>000</mn><mtext> J mo</mtext><msup><mtext>l</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mn>6.02</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>23</mn></msup><mo> </mo><mtext>mo</mtext><msup><mtext>l</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mo>»</mo><mo> </mo><mn>8.27</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>19</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mo>«</mo><mtext>J</mtext><mo>»</mo></math></span> ✔</span></p>
<p><span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\lambda {\text{ = }}«\frac{{6.63 \times {{10}^{ - 34}}{\text{ J s}} \times {\text{3}}{\text{.00}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^8}{\text{ m }}{{\text{s}}^{ - 1}}}}{{8.27 \times {{10}^{ - 19}}{\text{J}}}} =» 2.40 \times {10^{ - 7}}«{\text{m}}»"><mi mathvariant="normal">λ</mi><mtext> = </mtext><mo>«</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>6.63</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>34</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> J s</mtext><mo>×</mo><mtext>3</mtext><mtext>.00</mtext><mo>×</mo><mtext>1</mtext><msup><mtext>0</mtext><mn>8</mn></msup><msup><mtext> m s</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mn>8.27</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>19</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mtext>J</mtext></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mo>»</mo><mo> </mo><mn>2.40</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mo>«</mo><mtext>m</mtext><mo>»</mo></math></span>✔</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 2:</strong></em><br>for ozone:<br></span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">similar calculation using 200 < bond enthalpy < 400 for ozone, such as</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="E = « \frac{{300000{\text{ Jmo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}}{{6.02 \times {{10}^{23}}{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}} =» 4.98 \times {10^{ - 19}}«{\text{J}}»"><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>«</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>300</mn><mo> </mo><mn>000</mn><mtext> J mo</mtext><msup><mtext>l</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mn>6.02</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>23</mn></msup><mo> </mo><mtext>mo</mtext><msup><mtext>l</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mo>»</mo><mo> </mo><mn>4.98</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>19</mn></mrow></msup><mo>«</mo><mtext>J</mtext><mo>»</mo></math></span> </span><span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">✔</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\lambda {\text{ = }}«\frac{{6.63 \times {{10}^{ - 34}}{\text{ J s}} \times {\text{3}}{\text{.00}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^8}{\text{ m }}{{\text{s}}^{ - 1}}}}{{4.98 \times {{10}^{ - 19}}{\text{J}}}} =» 3.99 \times {10^{ - 7}}«{\text{m}}»"><mi mathvariant="normal">λ</mi><mtext> = </mtext><mo>«</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>6.63</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>34</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> J s</mtext><mo>×</mo><mtext>3</mtext><mtext>.00</mtext><mo>×</mo><mtext>1</mtext><msup><mtext>0</mtext><mn>8</mn></msup><msup><mtext> m s</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mn>4.98</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>19</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mtext>J</mtext></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mo>»</mo><mo> </mo><mn>3.99</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mo>«</mo><mtext>m</mtext><mo>»</mo></math></span>✔</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14px;"><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;"> NOTE: Award <strong>[2]</strong> for correct final answer.</span></span></em></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">•NO + O<sub>3</sub> → •NO<sub>2</sub> + O<sub>2</sub> ✔</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">•NO<sub>2</sub> + O<sub>3</sub> → •NO + 2O<sub>2</sub> ✔</span></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NOTE: Accept •NO<sub>2</sub> → •NO + •O <strong>AND</strong> •O + O<sub>3</sub> → 2O<sub>2</sub> for M2.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Titanium and vanadium are consecutive elements in the first transition metal series.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{TiC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{4}}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>TiC</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</math></span> reacts with water and the resulting titanium(IV) oxide can be used as a smoke screen.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe the bonding in metals.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Titanium exists as several isotopes. The mass spectrum of a sample of titanium gave the following data:</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2017-09-20_om_08.37.43.png" alt="M17/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/02.b"></p>
<p>Calculate the relative atomic mass of titanium to two decimal places.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="_{{\text{22}}}^{{\text{48}}}{\text{Ti}}">
<msubsup>
<mi></mi>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>22</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>48</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>Ti</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span> atom.</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2017-09-20_om_08.43.58.png" alt="M17/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/02.c"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the full electron configuration of the <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="_{{\text{22}}}^{{\text{48}}}{\text{T}}{{\text{i}}^{2 + }}">
<msubsup>
<mi></mi>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>22</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>48</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mtext>T</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>i</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span> ion.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest why the melting point of vanadium is higher than that of titanium.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch a graph of the first six successive ionization energies of vanadium on the axes provided.</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2017-09-20_om_09.09.57.png" alt="M17/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/02.d.iii"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why an aluminium-titanium alloy is harder than pure aluminium.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.iv.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe, in terms of the electrons involved, how the bond between a ligand and a central metal ion is formed.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline why transition metals form coloured compounds.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the type of bonding in potassium chloride which melts at 1043 K.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>A chloride of titanium, <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{TiC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{4}}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>TiC</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</math></span>, melts at 248 K. Suggest why the melting point is so much lower than that of KCl.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Formulate an equation for this reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">h.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest one disadvantage of using this smoke in an enclosed space.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">h.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>electrostatic attraction</p>
<p>between <strong>«</strong>a lattice of<strong>» </strong>metal/positive ions/cations <strong><em>AND </em></strong><strong>«</strong>a sea of<strong>» </strong>delocalized electrons</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “mobile electrons”.</em></p>
<p><em>Do </em><strong><em>not </em></strong><em>accept “metal atoms/nuclei”.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{(46 \times 7.98){\text{ + }}(47 \times 7.32){\text{ + }}(48 \times 73.99){\text{ + }}(49 \times 5.46){\text{ + }}(50 \times 5.25)}}{{100}} = 47.93">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>46</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>7.98</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext> + </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>47</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>7.32</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext> + </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>48</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>73.99</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext> + </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>49</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>5.46</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext> + </mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>50</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>5.25</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>100</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>47.93</mn>
</math></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Answer must have two decimal places </em><em>with a value from 47.90 to 48.00.</em></p>
<p><em>Award [2] for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><em>Award [0] for 47.87 (data booklet value).</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Protons: </em>22 <strong><em>AND </em></strong><em>Neutrons: </em>26 <strong><em>AND </em></strong><em>Electrons: </em>22</p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{1}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{2}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{2}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{6}}}{\text{3}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{3}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{6}}}{\text{3}}{{\text{d}}^{\text{2}}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>1</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>s</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>s</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>p</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>6</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>s</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>p</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>6</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span></p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>vanadium has smaller ionic radius «leading to stronger metallic bonding»</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept vanadium has «one» more valence electron«s» «leading to stronger metallic bonding».</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “atomic” for “ionic”.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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"></p>
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31pCngZyy/V6ewhlYqLiSlAAQpYlIDeHtKa6DXScMSaNWsqvGHsIVX4R8AKUIACFCg3Ab09JL++ffHgQU65VaA0GXPad2m0mJYCFKCAZQno7SE5ODgg83IGxowJh4e7hzTtWnsvkNyrfYtZdmLYji8KUIACFKh8AnoD0vXs63BwcsRvt+5U+Grf4tEX2mBY+T4KtogCFKBA1RbQG5DatXPFjq1bzUKJPSSz+BhYCQpQgALlIqD3GpIo9duoFfDx8UGrl1wQH78T4eHhmD17drlUqKRMNVADTz1VUhIeowAFKEABCxXQG5DOnk/DJ/MWICExEX0HBSA3V4Wly5dLDyrblyzvIyieViih+jNvLT0L9bbIaotlcTbHbtZb97175f0+6K0QE1CAAhYloDcgbYrZAn8/P2llBqVaLTVO3J3u19cfF89dlLWxarX8C7rK2kAzLexAcrL0MLro6JXF1vByejrCwkZC3ETNFwUoQAFjBPQGJC8vT6Slnfgr77+TJ+7chRYuLYwp0+hzFAoFJzUYrWf8iSHDh2PVqlUYNWosli+PLpSRCEa9evvi1demwMPDvdBx7qAABShgiIBBjzAXj262q2WH67/flNbquppxFaqcXHx/8ICsa9pFLl4MK2sbRESMMaRtTGNigejoaIwaNQrr18YgZHje2m7iacK+vr5wbvUSErfvhOLpp01cKrOjAAWqioDeWXYCYvfevfh22TKkHEiBQqXA4KGBmDj2VVmDkagHp31X7NcyLCxMWlx32Ihg5KpWwNPTG+IfK27uHRATu5nBqGI/HpZOAYsXMKiHZIpWRi6ORNzWzahe7WmMHjsWQ4OKXj25pLLYQypJR75j2p5S48aN0a5NG2zavl32f5zI11qWRAEKyCVgUA+prJVZtHARIpdEIiYuDqqHD9EvIAC1atSCf1//UmfNG2NLTWbyEzw8PNC0aVNcuXIFn3+6gMHI5MLMkAJVU+DvWQrl2H6FlQKfz/sYrVu2RLsOHRA+ZgwOpx42qkS5H5tuVCUr8UkZGRnSNaMOHTpg6dKvIYbvSpp9V4kp2DQKUMDEArL0kCZPnCxV+5FKBfEHbU10NKJWFj+F2MRtZHYmEhCfXa+evfCSszPWx8ZKPSMba1uMHDUSVkpb3UQHExXHbChAgSomYFBASj2cir17E6GCWprUoFaqoYQCYWHhpXpC5vv/+Bei4tbAuUlzNG/uLFFfv3kd//rHmwawK3Hx4kWEhYYakJZJTC2gnU3XunUr7NiRoMs+NCwUaqilnlLjJino5tVNd4wbFKAABUojoDcgiX8Vd+vWFQMGDEYTB4cCeeeoSvdYio8+/xTiZ+5HcxEQGIBTJ07B1toWEeETCuRb3JuN2zZCaWVd3GHuLycBsdq7mNrt2roVYmI2FSpFO/tuVHgYTp06Azu7WoXScAcFKEABfQJ6A9K6NWsQPGyEQY9yLq6wY8dS4ejYDPb29lKSyRGT8e/38tbCE49/7uLVpbhTC+w/c+40oMpbLaLAAb4pV4ETaaekYbqNW+OLncAQFjYG589fgnjCsKura7nWh5lTgAKVU0DvpAZfXz/cv3+nTK2fPfsDfLbwM10eyQeT0aRxY917QzfE0kFQ6q2yodkxnYECgYGB0r1oYsmokl4ffvghg1FJQDxGAQqUKFDyXxgADo5NkLdOWTjau7dDdcXfAWHQ4OBCw3hFlfbBB/9Gz149cPXyVVhZW2HvvkSs27ChqKQl7uONsSXy8CAFKEABixbQG5By7j2Ac3sX6cL18VTtmnZ5be7RvZdBAUkM4Vz58WfEbIxBbu4DLPjiC6OuM/B5SBb9XWPlKUABCpQoINtKDSXWwsCDSyIjpSG7CeMNmwRhYLZMRgEKUIACZiDw9/hbCZURz0QKDAxCw7r14WBvj4CAfhD75H7x8RNyi7M8ClCAAvIJ6A1I4mbW7t16wMXFGUnfH8CePclo27a9tO/u3d/lqylLogAFKECBSi2g9xrSqpUr0de3P+bO/UgHMdd1Lm7duoVdO3ciZHiIbr8cG1zLTg5llkEBClBAfgG9PaScnBzYNih8M2qdOvXwIPee7DXmWnayk7NAClCAArII6O0hjRo1Es8+0xi+vfsgaMAgqVKxsbH4bN7HuPLzz7JUkoVQgAIUoEDlF9AbkOzs6iIuPh6vRkRgxF/PMGrm1Azirn3tygtyMfER5nJJsxwKUIAC8gvoDUiiSn6+vvgxMxPaSQwVtVaZmGVnpSg8fCg/G0ukAAUoQAFTCxQbkKKjotG8uRMcmjRBVFRUkeVGjIko1WrfRWZSip3sIZUCi0kpQAEKWJhAsZMaFFZKqPWsG6dSq2RtbkXdh+Tr7YNFixaV2NY10RvgaeAisSVmxIMUoAAFqqhAsT2k0OHDJZKr165B/EH29PYqQJS4dy/+eCjvfUgV1UOaMWsmevToAWtrK4wvYpWIzbGbMWrUCKyNWV/AiG8oQAEKUMBwgWIDUlZmlvQogZPHTyJ+91bMVMySchXryYlFtxfO+wwDBg1A61byPWqgoq4heXt7Y8+ePejXpw+aOzWHj6+vTnjDunUYNmIEVq1ai5ChQ3X7uUEBClCAAqUTKDYgieG4UWGjcffB78h5cB8jQkYWyLmBQyP0HTCgwL7yflORq32LB9TFb41HeEQETpw4hob1GyJ63TpMGjsWa9evxfCQvB5leRswfwpQgAKVVaDYgOTk5IQfM39E+oV0JCYnYvLEyRVuUNGrffv19ce4cePQu1cvTJ42Da+MHofVq1czGFX4N4MVoAAFKoOAQat93717G0eOHIVK9fckhuvZ1+Hp5SXNxJMLInLxYojJFhW52vfjP/9E+7Ztce7cOXz5xVeYPHWiXM1nORSgAAUqtUCxPSRtq8Xiqi+8+AJUObm4c+8+GjSog3t37qNBo0ZITknWJpPtd0UvHXQ0NRWZly+jbZs2WL5yCUaOGgZx8zBfFKAABShQNoFip31rs/1mWSRcXDrg9t3fMXLkKOzZ8z3+978fpVUann3mWW2yKvFb3Bg8enQ4vlq6AqfS0lC7dh1p9p3oQfJFAQpQgAJlE9AbkK5n34Sb+8tSKU2aOCBp73fSzbD+ffti586dZSvdiLMrarVvEXQC+vRB3759ERaWN4Fh9969qG/LoGTEx8hTKEABChQS0BuQ/Px9cOpYKtQqFeyfsUfambwH8ynVwJ17twplWN47KmLI7uEfDxHQJwC5ShX+88GHuiZWVyqxLSFB6il17twV7CnpaLhBAQpQoNQCeq8hdfHwgipXjYEDA7F67So0fe853Lh1A9u3b8fPv/xS6gIt7QRxDa1fvz64n5ODpKQk2NjUKNCEGjVrIDk5Gd5e3ujZqzeOpaYWOM43FKAABShgmIDegCSy2b1vL369dlW6eH/27Fns3LkdH37yCZo4OBhWiolSVcRKDaIXNGPuHLzcpg1KWlQ2ISFBmolooqYyGwpQgAJVTkDvkJ0QuXPzJu7evivhbIhdh9Rjx/DL1auyY1XUWnY+nl56Z9KJnpK3T8HllWQHYoEUoAAFLFhAb0ASQ1atWrXCoSNHcPhwKv49+wM0bNgQoaEhyMzIlLXpFdFDkrWBLIwCFKBAFRbQG5DEtG9/X39MGD8eW7ZtwuDBg/HRRx9h8sSpSE7ZJytdRfWQZG0kC6MABShQRQX0BqQ/fv8D9k3yrhVtXL8Rvr4+EpU6VwWxlI+cr4pcy07OdrIsClCAAlVRQO+khtCwcLRrLVb0ViErKxP9BwzCkmXLMH/+Z7j000+ymlX0WnayNpaFUYACFKhiAnp7SGImXWzsBumRE999nyTNNMu+dg27d38HB3t72bkq6sZY2RvKAilAAQpUMQGDFlc1FxOxuKqVtQ0iIsaYS5VYDwpQgAIUMJFAsT2kPn36YfHihTiQkoKnqz2NGtWqo3qNatJ29WridzUcTDloomowGwpQgAIUqOoCxV5DWr9+PayUSiiqV8ONX24U6WRTt1aR+8tzJ4fsylOXeVOAAhSoOIFiA1L+VQmqN6yL6zdvS0+OzV9V6z+tAWWxWeRParLtiljLzmSVZ0YUoAAFKFCsgN5oIm6M7erhjjOnz8C6tg0UKjXUSoX0e+uOBHh5ehabOQ9QgAIUoAAFDBXQG5BWrVwJpUKB327cKnEtN0MLLEs6rtRQFj2eSwEKUMC8BYqd1KCtdq4qBy5t2lZ4MBL14UoN2k+FvylAAQpUPgG9AWnc+Ik4d+ECDh5OgXhiqvbn9u3bEMN5cr7YQ5JTm2VRgAIUkFdAb0A6cuAgjhw6hK6du6NOndq6n3r16uHoQXmnfbOHJO+Xg6VRgAIUkFNA7zUkT88uuPfwYZF1EtPC5XxxLTs5tVkWBShAAXkF9EYUhVIJKwDbN2/GkUNHpNqJx3UHDg2Ut6biGhJUsFLYyF4uC6QABShAgfIX0DtkJ6owIjAI//zn27CpbSv9vPXPt9DFq0v5166IEnhjbBEo3EUBClCgEgjo7SEdPHwQGdeu4tyl/0I8zlu83p4xA909uuDYsVS4ubnLysAbY2XlZmEUoAAFZBPQ20NK3JUo3fyqDUaiZmLbv39fHD96XLaKsiAKUIACFKjcAnoD0oDBA5CYmIiHf/w9sUFsb9u2HW3au8iuwyE72clZIAUoQAFZBPQO2XVw7YCOnTrh2eefRX+/vlCpgcTknejvOwAvu8l/HYlDdrJ8L1gIBShAAdkF9AYkUaOolSuxd+9eXEg7K810CwsPg7+fn+yVZYEUoAAFKFB5BYoNSP89fxG16taGrY0tLly4gNq1a6OTtxfUuXmrMxw+nIqWLVvKuqQQV2qovF9EtowCFKBAsQHp3x/Mhbd3F2kdu2GBwwBl4ctNG+PWw93dQzZFsVKDlcJatvJYEAUoQAEKyCdQbEBasyZaV4sr167otitygz2kitRn2RSgAAXKV6Bwt6d8yytT7lzLrkx8PJkCFKCAWQtYVEDiWnZm/V1i5ShAAQqUScCiApJYy47Tvsv0efNkClCAAmYrYFEBSSjyxliz/S6xYhSgAAXKJFDspAZtrqnHjmH02BFQwApq5Eq/ARXUUMPWuh76+vvh7Zkzdevcac8rr9/sIZWXLPOlAAUoULECegNSs2ZO+P3m7wgKGoqOHTtLtf0hJRkJe3fh7bcmYsmS5dKDIWbNmVuxLWHpFKAABShg0QJ6A9KhlGR4e/thwRdf6BoaGjYc/fr0Q8eXPeC/dQC6d+0KuQISh+x0HwM3KEABClQqAb3XkDIyrsCqZvVCjVYogVzVH9L9srmPcwodL68dHLIrL1nmSwEKUKBiBfT2kCa9PhWN7e3RsE5t+Pj4ISc3F/EJO3H5cgbsGzpg3Lhx6N7Tt2JbwdIpQAEKUMDiBfT2kMSzj06dOIVrN2/jzX+8iRkz3kG1p4BDh37Azdv3YGNji8/nfSwLBFdqkIWZhVCAAhSoEIGnNBqNxpCS7979HVevZUlJnRydUKNmDUNOM2mayMWLYWVtg4iIMSbNl5lRgAIUoEDFC+jtIYkqbli3Do0a1EPnjp2lHxtbG2xYFyt77dlDkp2cBVKAAhSQTUBvQLp67RqmvD4FPxz6AXd/vyv9nD55GpOmvCpdR5KtpmJyuVrNlRrkBGdZFKAABWQU0BuQ1kRHITgkDG5u7rpqubZzxYSpE5GSnKzbJ8cG17KTQ5llUIACFKgYAb0BybFJE/ySmVGodlnpmahfp36h/cXtED2tJZGR0o/YNubFteyMUeM5FKAABSxDQG9AGh4ahjNnziE8PBxxcXHSj9g+dOgQevr1MKiVW7dth1u7driQfhGnz5xBO9dWRveueGOsQeRMRAEKUMDiBPTehyRalHr8KPYk7MaRI0ek6zh9/Pwwf8EC1KxVy6AGr1yxAiujo+Hv5yel79qlKya9NgVn084adL42kQZqKFFN+5a/KUABClCgEgkYFJDq1a2LkBHDpB9t24eHDccbU9+Am7ubdlexv7ds2VTg2KHDKXBp4T1GU9UAABW7SURBVFJgnyFvnoYVVHhsSFKmoQAFKEABCxMwKCAV1aarmVeRk/OgqEMl7lu2PArr1m3EsWPHpHTXb17Hv/7xZonnaA+euZCOCRHjtW/5mwIUoAAFKpGA0QHJGINZc+Zg0cKF2LEjAU5OTlIWtta2CA0NLzG7jIwMzJw5E+4eXTBkyKAS0/IgBShAAQpYpoBsASk0NAxHDh2SekbaYCTIxIoPPj4+Reo9UqmwaMHnWLFiBZYuX4J+/v2LTMedFKAABShg+QLFBqRTp07gt99uSC1UKpVQqVQFtu/cumNw62fNmYUL6Rdw9OhR2NjVggg04iXWySvudfhwKiZNekVa0PX40ZMVslRRcXXjfgpQgAIUML1AsWvZhQwdimQ9N75u3hqPLl08SqzVwz8eQiw1JF4KpUI8bBZQAs/Ua4Sr2YXvRxLp//nPt5CaehhLv1kBV1fXEvPnQQpQgAIUqBwCxQYkUzVP9IZ+k26EFb2hvJ5RXt5KODo6FComPGwM9qXsw+HkA2ji5FjoOHdQgAIUoEDlFCj3gGQMW/SGNXj/3ffx1vQ3MHHyRGOy4DkUoAAFKGBhAnpXaqiI9oSFhOLk8aPSBAgPdw+cSDtREdVgmRSgAAUoIKOAWfaQ8rf/4MHDmDLpVXj5eGP2+/+GnZ1hq0Pkz4PbFKAABShg/gJm2UPKzyYmTZw4dQqNGzVGxw7tpLX08h/nNgUoQAEKVA4Bs+8h5WfOzMzClCmvQjyG4vMFC9C8ed7NtfnTcJsCFKAABSxTwOx7SPlZmzVzRHz8DowaPwZ9/Prg00/n6+5pyp+O2xSgAAUoYHkCFhWQtLxBAwbhdNpJ/PprFjq7u+FgykHtIf6mAAUoQAELFbCoIbuijI8dS8Wrr01B2zZt8fknn8DOrm5RybiPAhSgAAXMXMDiA5Lwzb5+E61bv4i+ffsjamWUmZOzehSgAAUoUJSARQ7Z5W/I4shIdHbrgK+/WspglB+G2xSgAAUsTMBiA5IYqnNz64CLZy/gZNopBAUFWRg9q0sBClCAAvkFil9uO38qM9oWi6++9toUHD95XFp81a1DBzOqHatCAQpQgALGClhUDyk2NhZtXF3g0qYdTpw4BQYjYz92nkcBClDA/AQsood0+XIGJkx4FXZ2tkhK2Q/HJk3MT5I1ogAFKECBMgmYfUCaO3cOVq2MwhdfLIZ/P/8yNZYnU4ACFKCA+QqY7ZBd8r4UvNj6Jdy5cx+n084yGJnvd4g1owAFKGASAbPrId29exuTJr2GzMx0xMduRouWLU3SUGZCAQpQgALmLWB2N8aOGT8G+xL34UDKATg24xNjzfvrw9pRgAIUMJ2A2Q3ZrVy2El98sQC9+/TCfz76DxdPNd1nzZwoQAEKmLWA2QUkoTVwYCCOHz2JWzfuoJN7By6eatZfIVaOAhSggGkEzG7I7slmpaWl4ZVxr6BNGxd8+vmnXDz1SSC+pwAFKFBJBMyyh5Tf1tXVFYdTD8PdzQMdO3bC8qiV+Q9zmwIUoAAFKomA2feQ8jtnZ2fj//7vNVzNuoEvl3yJ1pyBl5+H2xSgAAUsWsCiApJWOjk5Ga++OgnDgofg7ZkzUV1pdrPXtVXlbwpQgAIUMFDA7IfsimqHt7c3Th4/DrVCjTaurZCwa1dRybiPAhSgAAUsSMAie0j5fc+fv4jXpk9B3Tr18NVXX6Jh/Yb5D3ObAhSgAAUsRMDiA5JwTk9PR7/eAejcuROi1vCJsRby3WM1KUABChQQsOiLL3fv/o7PPvgQMbu2YOk3X8Hbx6dA4/iGAhSgAAUsR8AiryEJ3q1bt6N9+9ao7dAQ/007z2BkOd851pQCFKBAkQIW10P6b3o6pk2eAqvqSuz/4TCaODgU2TDupAAFKEAByxKwmGtI4tHlH3z4AebP/wzW1jZwd+sCtSo3T1upAFRqy5JnbSlAAQpYuMD6jetRt25dk7XCYgKSyVpsgozS0y9iyquvYfd3u02Qm2VmsXPnTqSmpmLWrFmW2YAy1Pq1SVMwctxYuHfoUIZcLPvUp556CvcePkQta2vLboiRtW/q0BQXMy6hRhVtf1ZWFl5//XXExcUZKVj0aRZ7Dano5sizNyfnr56ZPMWxFDMUsFKZYaVYJdkEHqsfAbwh3+TeDEhGkFpbWxlxFk+pTAK5Fnf11fT66j8fmz5TC8qxav/xLJ9/kVVtUyO//OwhGQlXSU5Tq1VQKvi/juLpapXkEzWuGWpV+fxRNq42cp9VPv8i4/9VRnyOCiv2kIxgqzSnKBRKqNScRKN+VHV7SAoooajSQ3blE4wZkIz4M6nO5TUkI9gqzSmih8RrSICietXtIamhQi57SCb/f5oByQhSXkMyAq0SnSJ6SLyGBFTlHpL4Oluxh2Ty/6sZkIwg5TUkI9Aq0SnsIeV9mFW5hyQEeA3J9P9TPz2rKt5IUkZHcWNuuw5t0LhxkzLmZLmn29jaouVLL6F+/fqW2wgja964qROcmj8Pa+vqRuZg+ae5u7ujlbMznqqikzs6tH8ZL77obPkfpNEtUKBVKxc0bmzalXJ4Y6zRHwhPpAAFKEABUwpwyM6UmsyLAhSgAAWMFiifyeRGV8cyTrx79zYWLYrEjBnvWEaFTVhL8ciPj+d9jAf376N2g3p4e/pbqFGzhglLMN+sxETvfYl7sT1xO5RKa0yeMAFOTk7mW+FyrJl4Btma6HWYNWdmOZZiflkfPpyKbdu3SdePxLRvcR3po48+Mr+KlnONsrOzMf+z+cjJzcHLHTsiNCTEJNPg2UMq5Qf34MFDBAcNxapV35byTMtPLoKRq2tr3Lt9G127dUVWega6dusMsfBtVXjFxsYiYnwE2ru0RaM69dDFwwMZGRlVoekF2vhIpUJE+BisWLmiwP6q8CYlZR82btyIrKxMZGZmSr+rQrvzt/Fq5jW0dm0FMdu4Y8eXMfu99/H5gkX5kxi9zR5SKen8+/WB6lHVvA9p27ZNcHR0xJeLF0tqQ4OGor59ffxw5Ah8fbxLKWl5yWPWr8eCTxcgcGigVPnTZ84gKiqqyi0w+8HcWbif+8DyPkAT1PjQoaOYOm0ypk6caoLcLDOLjxd+jPCwcMyaM0dqgL19Q8TGbjZJYzipoRSMoiewefMm1KlXV1rp9tKlS6U4u3IkFf86rv7X/Rdiu55dLXz3XRI8PDwqRwMNbIX4LrTt1B6fzP4Ag4KCDDzL8pMdTDmIsa+Mw+rVqzA4cAiuZP1k+Y0qRQtq1ayJWe/Nwc37t2FrbY2I8eNhb29fihwsP6mTUzMsX7YS9+7ehng+XVBQEJydTTPjkEN2pfh+iGslI0aGluKMypdUG4xEy8aGhaJ9+5erXDCaMXMmGjSqh2YNGqPPwIGV70MupkViyHb0uFFYvXY1ymfhmGIKNpPdov33HzxAfOIu6abYQ0cOQUx/F9eUq9Lrzq1bmDlnNpZ/uwLHT55GB1dXbN223SQEDEgmYaxamYieUUhICC5cvGjy56FYguQb06fjxx9/gm39uhgbXnX+gTLuldGYNGkS3MRzoKrgAzGtrJX4bs93SN63RxqmjY/fAcdmTliyZIklfG1NVsdctRr+fj0h2h+7YR2++HopXps62ST5MyCZhLHqZCL+NdjD2xvXsq4iKWl/lRquEIFY/IgnZIphmk8++gRr18ZI+yr7NyArKwMbYzZh06Yt8Pb2wqRJr+LmrWx4eXlVifaLz7dG9Rrw8fUp8FG7dWiHBw9yCuyr7G9q29jC16evrpmD+vbHlStXIHqQZX0xIJVVsAqdL66b9O7VCy2dnbEnJRl2drWqUOuBNq1ewtp10bo2X83KROPGjXXX1HQHKuFGg3rPYPfu3VLPYObMWRg/YQJsbGyl9/mHcSth03VNOnj4IOztHfDw0d+zSo8dOwbHJo66NFVhw8/fHwcO7tM19fSZk2ju3Nwkfw84y07Hyg19AuLawdGTp+Hs4oKx4WEQj+EQK5+PnzAZ3l6e+k63+OPz5i3AuFfCkX31BlTqR4hcEonly5ZbfLsMaYC4furn56dLKoJRDeua8PEp2GPQJaiEGx5u7mjZ3BnDRgxDX19/7E1OhipXJd0KUAmbW2yTZsyYAR8fb9y7dQ82te0QGfklFixcWGz60hxgD6k0Wn+lFTNKpk6tetM+GzVywHvvvovmzZzg7NxC97tendpGKFreKQMH9kdCwh789ls27t+5j90JCfDv6295DTFBjZs4OGD6m9NNkJPlZCFuhE0+mAI/X19cOHcRnT09cDj1sOU0wEQ1FX//jh07gVyopP8XNsTFIXDQIJPkzmnfJmFkJhSgAAUoUFYB9pDKKsjzKUABClDAJAIMSCZhZCYUoAAFKFBWAQaksgryfApQgAIUMIkAA5JJGJkJBShAAQqUVYDTvssqyPPNTmD5ypW4np1dqF4vOTtL686lph7Gtes3MLBf/0JpDN1x/eZ1NKzf0NDkVSbdsmWR8Pb2NdnaZlUGjg2VBNhD4heh0gnMm/chDv1wCDk5OQV+HinzVmnfvy8Zu7btMrrdyfv2YWjgUKPPr8wnfjZ/PsSzkviigDEC7CEZo8ZzzFpAoQQG9B+AiAkRRdbzcRF7b9+9DQWURd5tLnpDVkpr3bHLGZlQQzyur+Ar+9o12Ds46HY+eZ7uAABxzNbaVu/DDbOvXYe9w989sbzlWVSws6ubPztpWyxrdOe6SJ9XB5E2V5VTZE8uKytLepRIoUxK2CHaV6dhwyJXprh2NQsOf61Y8PhxYZsSsuUhCugE2EPSUXCjsgioxVLUyuK/2tUAVHs6r7VpaWl4oZkTevXqic6dO0pL6WsfOHgwNRXPN2uGgH790KrVSwgZHoL/ZWRgxjv/wvHjR9HdO+8ZUHb17dDbpzdau7piS1wcjp04IZ3Xr3c/tHdtjcDAgch9lIsNcWvQ6qVW8PH2lspr1KAeIpcsK5JdrCIdOnw42rVrjVmzZiIrMwtubh3Qo0d3dO/WHZ6eHrh67Zq0jlxERDh8e/dCe5dWaN2uNTy6eGDOrDno7P4yXnrxJYSHh+vK+GzeZ3Cwt0doaCjsGzbEsr9WmggMDMKcWbN06Xbu3IlmTk2k94mJu6RzgoYGwaVFC0yaMEmXLjo6WjoWMjwUrq6uuHvzLqpVK95edyI3KFCUgIYvClQygZZtnDVdu3bVjB07qsDP0aPHpZZ++uGHmqkTJ0vbTk2barZt2aQTGBI8WPPW229L71s6t9CsX7tW2s55/Fjj4txSsyN+h+abb1ZounXrpjunTm1bzYJ5n0nv/9RoNE5OTTWrVq3Sve/b118TExujidkYo1FAoTlz7rR0bO3atZradWrr8sm/0bFjR83IkaOkXffv3dN07+Gr+fDDD3VJ3n3vfc2Q4GDp/YiRIzXdu/loRB0f3H+gsbGx1kydNFU6duHSJY2VUilt/3Doe01t29qan376UXov6iGO/ff8Oc3qtWs1bdu3lfaL/4waO1bz7rvvSnna2thoTp/Oq7PIX9gu/Wap5srPP2usrJWaS5cuSeft/2G/BoBmx44duny4QYHSCHDIrqgozX2WLaCyQv269eHo6FSgHdrFYLVDdhfTL+P6nVv45effsGTxEqihQpMGTbBr23aMHxOBi+npGDp8uJSHWED07KXz0vbyqKgC+Yrl+Lv5563z9t/zF3H92m8ICwuT0oi+wqiRo3Hk8BF07NweLVq2ROtWrtIxsZ1zv/gnr/r55a0TV7NWLRzan4wB/r2xJDJSOrdhbTt8EBODR2vWwNpKgS5enfOG0pRKKK2tMCgobykXMZEjV5X39KIDKQcRGh6GZs3yXEQ9Ro0ej63x2zDt/97E2FGjcOpUGtq1c8X6Vatw/HgaVq+MQiPHJji0/xB+2L8fCoVCshUP6mvUoBHaurTXTWDw7OKJBvUagEN2Bb4efFMKAQakUmAxqYUIKHNLvIYkhuzE6+bNbCjUClxIv/DXHjGWp8CgQYOQk/MAVtZWKHLw6YlnAVkpFKhVPS/XnNyHUD8xXGhlo0Rubi4UsIKV9d85Vnv6aaCE/wPr55vFJ4LKlSs/F0g/bfI0qd45uWrpgXHaRihUaijFhbQnXuIxCXXq1Cmwt6F9PenxCSLgTp42DevXrsLp0y7Sgxdbu7bEtm1x0OQ+KmDk1NwJLi5tcOfWHdg+sY5hffu6HLIrIMw3pREo/K0tzdlMSwEzFNB3DUnbQ3Jp2QZqVS7eeOstODbJu16SnJyMc2cuoGnT56BWqaSngWonEIhVjps1byZNfsjfbNFD0r6aOzWDOkeF7Oxs3bOiLl/MgKPjs1Cp8oKSNq34rVD9HaDy739yu0GdehgybDA8Pb2kQxkZGYhcvLjICQZKK6XU23syD3FNaMni5cDcubpDW2I24j8ffiC9HzxoMIaGBsHL3QtDhodI+/z8/bBw0WJ8/OmnurLiNsRCYaWEo2MTHD9yVJeXmFSRkZ6BR4//fjyD7iA3KGCAAAOSAUhMYlkConOwfft2XL92TZrcIAKLeNWys5NWadf2kMQQ3sjRERg6NAjTp05HTm4O3nnnHXz0ySfSjLqp06ajd58+eGv6W/jlxi9YtHARTpw6hXOnzuDy5ctYGbUMY8LHQ/SQ8FePRASvqW9Mx8CAgZg+fTp+u/Eb3nv/PZw6fgppF9IKQyoV0ny9osJS/j/ss+bMxehRYzH73+9DqbDC7HnvY8TgEYXzAyACpJgx+ORr8KBh+GD2x3htyhT07OWPTVvWST69/fMetubp2QV1a9phy5ZN+Hrp19Lpbm7ucHNrh8EDAzB27Dj8+tsv+Meb/8COHQkQx15+uT2Gh4QgeEQwVq34FiIYVq9W48mi+Z4CBgk8PWtWvqk1Bp3CRBQwbwHRQ6pduxZU6j+hUqnwp1ot/djY2KBTp04Q4em5Zs/heecXIHoAdjY1kJT0HTKyfsbsmTMxcOBAqYF+fr1Qy7omtsTH4/GjHHz9zTd48YXmaNGqBbJvZiPjUgb6BwRA/adamv1mbZ33h9jL2xs1bWtIf7QfP85B5NJl0iw9Df7EM/bP4OWXX9YB1qpZU3rqqm5Hvg33jp1Qv359aY97p454vvlzSNibjPSfzmNc2CuYNCnvsdGqPzVo7dIKzz33nJT2T40G3t26w66OnS43b29vWFtXR8iwEFw4fx4p+5Pg0qo9vv56CWxr1dSle/bZ59DZsxO8unXX7Rs8KAgPHv6B3XuSkZvzAAu+/AKdO3WWjgcPD8GVn7KQ9H0KAgcGw7N7Z+Svty4TblDAAAE+fsIAJCahAAUoQIHyFyhqpKD8S2UJFKAABShAgScEGJCeAOFbClCAAhSoGAEGpIpxZ6kUoAAFKPCEAAPSEyB8SwEKUIACFSPAgFQx7iyVAhSgAAWeEGBAegKEbylAAQpQoGIEGJAqxp2lUoACFKDAEwL/DxSraWAYKYZ9AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<p>regular increase for first five <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>sharp increase to the 6th</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>A log graph is acceptable.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept log plot on given axes (without amendment of y-axis).</em></p>
<p><em>Award mark if gradient of 5 to 6 is greater than “best fit line” of 1 to 5.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>titanium atoms/ions distort the regular arrangement of atoms/ions</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>titanium atoms/ions are a different size to aluminium <strong>«</strong>atoms/ions<strong>»</strong></p>
<p>prevent layers sliding over each other</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept diagram showing different sizes </em><em>of atoms/ions.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.iv.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>pair of electrons provided by the ligand</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do not accept “dative” or “coordinate bonding” alone.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>partially filled d-orbitals</p>
<p>«ligands cause» d-orbitals «to» split</p>
<p>light is absorbed as electrons transit to a higher energy level «in d–d transitions»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>light is absorbed as electrons are promoted</p>
<p>energy gap corresponds to light in the visible region of the spectrum</p>
<p>colour observed is the complementary colour</p>
<p><em><strong>[4 marks]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>ionic</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>«electrostatic» attraction between oppositely charged ions</p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«simple» molecular structure</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>weak«er» intermolecular bonds</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>weak«er» bonds between molecules</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept specific examples of weak </em><em>bonds such as London/dispersion and </em><em>van der Waals.</em></p>
<p><em>Do </em><strong><em>not </em></strong><em>accept “covalent”.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{TiC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{4}}}{\text{(l)}} + {\text{2}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O(l)}} \to {\text{Ti}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{(s)}} + {\text{4HCl(aq)}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>TiC</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>4</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(l)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>O(l)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">→</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>Ti</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>(s)</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>4HCl(aq)</mtext>
</mrow>
</math></span> correct products<br>correct balancing</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept ionic equation.</em></p>
<p><em>Award M2 if products are HCl and a </em><em>compound of Ti and O.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>HCl causes breathing/respiratory problems</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>HCl is an irritant</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>HCl is toxic</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>HCl has acidic vapour</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>HCl is corrosive</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept TiO<sub>2</sub> causes breathing</em></p>
<p><em>problems/is an irritant.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “harmful” for both HCl and TiO<sub>2</sub></em><em>.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “smoke is asphyxiant”.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.iv.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">g.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">g.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">h.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">h.ii.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Iron may be extracted from iron (II) sulfide, FeS.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Iron (II) sulfide, FeS, is ionically bonded.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>The first step in the extraction of iron from iron (II) sulfide is to roast it in air to form iron (III) oxide and sulfur dioxide.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline why metals, like iron, can conduct electricity.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Justify why sulfur is classified as a non-metal by giving <strong>two</strong> of its chemical properties.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch the first eight successive ionisation energies of sulfur.</p>
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="480" height="394"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe the bonding in this type of solid.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State a technique that could be used to determine the crystal structure of the solid compound.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the full electron configuration of the sulfide ion.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline, in terms of their electronic structures, why the ionic radius of the sulfide ion is greater than that of the oxide ion.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest why chemists find it convenient to classify bonding into ionic, covalent and metallic.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write the equation for this reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the change in the oxidation state of sulfur.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest why this process might raise environmental concerns.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why the addition of small amounts of carbon to iron makes the metal harder.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>mobile/delocalized «sea of» electrons</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any two of:</em></p>
<p>forms acidic oxides «rather than basic oxides» ✔</p>
<p>forms covalent/bonds compounds «with other non-metals» ✔</p>
<p>forms anions «rather than cations» ✔</p>
<p>behaves as an oxidizing agent «rather than a reducing agent» ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Award <strong>[1 max]</strong> for 2 correct non-chemical properties such as non-conductor, high ionisation energy, high electronegativity, low electron affinity if no marks for chemical properties are awarded.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img style="display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" 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" width="465" height="378"></p>
<p>two regions of small increases <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>a large increase between them✔</p>
<p>large increase from 6th to 7th ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept line/curve showing these trends.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>electrostatic attraction ✔</p>
<p>between oppositely charged ions/between Fe<sup>2+</sup> and S<sup>2−</sup> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>X-ray crystallography ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>1s<sup>2</sup> 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>6</sup> 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>6</sup> ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Do <strong>not</strong> accept “[Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>6</sup>”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«valence» electrons further from nucleus/extra electron shell/ electrons in third/3s/3p level «not second/2s/2p»✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept 2,8 (for O<sup>2–</sup>) and 2,8,8 (for S<sup>2–</sup>)</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>allows them to explain the properties of different compounds/substances<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>enables them to generalise about substances<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>enables them to make predictions ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept other valid answers.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>4FeS(s) + 7O<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(s) + 4SO<sub>2</sub>(g) ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept any correct ratio.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>+6<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>−2 to +4 ✔</p>
<p><em>Accept “6/VI”.</em><br><em>Accept “−II, 4//IV”.</em><br>Do <strong>not</strong> accept 2- to 4+.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>sulfur dioxide/SO<sub>2</sub> causes acid rain ✔</p>
<p><em>Accept sulfur dioxide/SO<sub>2</sub>/dust causes respiratory problems</em><br><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept just “causes respiratory problems” or “causes acid rain”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>disrupts the regular arrangement «of iron atoms/ions»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>carbon different size «to iron atoms/ions» ✔</p>
<p>prevents layers/atoms sliding over each other ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Urea, (H<sub>2</sub>N)<sub>2</sub>CO, is excreted by mammals and can be used as a fertilizer.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Urea can also be made by the direct combination of ammonia and carbon dioxide gases.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">2NH<sub>3</sub>(g) + CO<sub>2</sub>(g) <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \rightleftharpoons ">
<mo stretchy="false">⇌<!-- ⇌ --></mo>
</math></span> (H<sub>2</sub>N)<sub>2</sub>CO(g) + H<sub>2</sub>O(g) Δ<em>H </em>< 0</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen in urea to two decimal places using section 6 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest how the percentage of nitrogen affects the cost of transport of fertilizers giving a reason.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The structural formula of urea is shown.</p>
<p><img style="margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;display: block;" src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_11.43.42.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/01.b_01"></p>
<p>Predict the electron domain and molecular geometries at the nitrogen and carbon atoms, applying the VSEPR theory.</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_11.45.16.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/01.b_02"></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Urea can be made by reacting potassium cyanate, KNCO, with ammonium chloride, NH<sub>4</sub>Cl.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">KNCO(aq) + NH<sub>4</sub>Cl(aq) → (H<sub>2</sub>N)<sub>2</sub>CO(aq) + KCl(aq)</p>
<p>Determine the maximum mass of urea that could be formed from 50.0 cm<sup>3</sup> of 0.100 mol dm<sup>−3</sup> potassium cyanate solution.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the equilibrium constant expression, <em>K</em><sub>c</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Predict, with a reason, the effect on the equilibrium constant, <em>K</em><sub>c</sub>, when the temperature is increased.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine an approximate order of magnitude for <em>K</em><sub>c</sub>, using sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet. Assume Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup> for the forward reaction is approximately +50 kJ at 298 K.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest one reason why urea is a solid and ammonia a gas at room temperature.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch two different hydrogen bonding interactions between ammonia and water.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The combustion of urea produces water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.</p>
<p>Formulate a balanced equation for the reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the maximum volume of CO<sub>2</sub>, in cm<sup>3</sup>, produced at STP by the combustion of 0.600 g of urea, using sections 2 and 6 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe the bond formation when urea acts as a ligand in a transition metal complex ion.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The C–N bonds in urea are shorter than might be expected for a single C–N bond. Suggest, in terms of electrons, how this could occur.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The mass spectrum of urea is shown below.</p>
<p><img style="margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;display: block;" src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_13.00.41.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/01.j_01"></p>
<p>Identify the species responsible for the peaks at <em>m</em>/<em>z </em>= 60 and 44.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">j.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The IR spectrum of urea is shown below.</p>
<p><img style="margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;display: block;" src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_13.07.17.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/01.k_01"></p>
<p>Identify the bonds causing the absorptions at 3450 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 1700 cm<sup>−1</sup> using section 26 of the data booklet.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">k.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Predict the number of signals in the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum of urea.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">l.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Predict the splitting pattern of the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum of urea.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">l.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline why TMS (tetramethylsilane) may be added to the sample to carry out <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy and why it is particularly suited to this role.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">l.iii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>molar mass of urea <strong>«</strong>4 <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 1.01 + 2 <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 14.01 + 12.01 + 16.00<strong>» </strong>= 60.07 <strong>«</strong>g mol<sup><sub>-1</sub></sup><strong>»</strong></p>
<p><strong>«</strong>% nitrogen = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{\text{2}} \times {\text{14.01}}}}{{{\text{60.07}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>14.01</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>60.07</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 100 =<strong>» </strong>46.65 <strong>«</strong>%<strong>»</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award </em><strong><em>[2] </em></strong><em>for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><em>Award </em><strong><em>[1 max] </em></strong><em>for final answer not to </em><em>two decimal places.</em></p>
<p><em><strong>[2 marks]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><strong>«</strong>cost<strong>»</strong> increases <strong><em>AND </em></strong>lower N%<strong> «</strong>means higher cost of transportation per unit of nitrogen<strong>»</strong></p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p><strong>«</strong>cost<strong>»</strong> increases <strong><em>AND </em></strong>inefficient/too much/about half mass not nitrogen</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept other reasonable explanations.</em></p>
<p><em>Do </em><strong><em>not </em></strong><em>accept answers referring to </em><em>safety/explosions.</em></p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_11.46.41.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/01.b/M"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Note: Urea’s structure is more complex </em><em>than that predicted from VSEPR theory.</em></p>
<p><em><strong>[3 marks]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>n</em>(KNCO) <strong>«=</strong> 0.0500 dm<sup>3</sup> <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 0.100 mol dm<sup>–3</sup><strong>» =</strong> 5.00 <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 10<sup>–3</sup> <strong>«</strong>mol<strong>»</strong></p>
<p><strong>«</strong>mass of urea = 5.00 <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 10<sup>–3</sup> mol <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 60.07 g mol<sup>–1</sup><strong>» =</strong> 0.300 <strong>«</strong>g<strong>»</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award </em><strong><em>[2] </em></strong><em>for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{K_{\text{c}}} = \frac{{[{{({{\text{H}}_2}{\text{N}})}_2}{\text{CO}}] \times [{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}]}}{{{{[{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}]}^2} \times [{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_2}]}}">
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mrow>
<mtext>c</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">[</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>CO</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">]</mo>
<mo>×</mo>
<mo stretchy="false">[</mo>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">]</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">[</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">]</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>×</mo>
<mo stretchy="false">[</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>C</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">]</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><strong>«</strong><em>K</em><sub>c</sub><strong>»</strong> decreases <strong><em>AND </em></strong>reaction is exothermic</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p><strong>«</strong><em>K</em><sub>c</sub><strong>»</strong> decreases <strong><em>AND</em></strong> Δ<em>H </em>is negative</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p><strong>«</strong><em>K</em><sub>c</sub><strong>»</strong> decreases <strong><em>AND </em></strong>reverse/endothermic reaction is favoured</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>ln <em>K </em><strong>« = </strong><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{ - \Delta {G^\Theta }}}{{RT}} = \frac{{ - 50 \times {{10}^3}{\text{ J}}}}{{8.31{\text{ J }}{{\text{K}}^{ - 1}}{\text{ mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}} \times 298{\text{ K}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi mathvariant="normal">Θ</mi>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>50</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> J</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>8.31</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> J </mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>K</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>298</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> K</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> <strong>»</strong> = –20</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>«</strong><em>K</em><sub>c</sub> =<strong>»</strong> 2 <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 10<sup>–9</sup></p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>1.69 <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 10<sup>–9</sup></p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>10<sup>–9</sup></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept range of 20-20.2 for M1.</em></p>
<p><em>Award </em><strong><em>[2] </em></strong><em>for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any one of:</em></p>
<p>urea has greater molar mass</p>
<p>urea has greater electron density/greater London/dispersion</p>
<p>urea has more hydrogen bonding</p>
<p>urea is more polar/has greater dipole moment</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “urea has larger size/greater </em><em>van der Waals forces”.</em></p>
<p><em>Do </em><strong><em>not </em></strong><em>accept “urea has greater </em><em>intermolecular forces/IMF”.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_12.44.01.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/01.e.ii/M"></p>
<p><em>Award </em><strong><em>[1] </em></strong><em>for each correct interaction.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>If lone pairs are shown on N or O, then </em><em>the lone pair on N or one of the lone </em><em>pairs on O </em><strong><em>MUST </em></strong><em>be involved in the </em><em>H-bond.</em></p>
<p><em>Penalize solid line to represent </em><em>H-bonding only once.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>2(H<sub>2</sub>N)<sub>2</sub>CO(s) + 3O<sub>2</sub>(g) → 4H<sub>2</sub>O(l) + 2CO<sub>2</sub>(g) + 2N<sub>2</sub>(g)</p>
<p>correct coefficients on LHS</p>
<p>correct coefficients on RHS</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept (H</em><sub><em>2</em></sub><em>N)</em><sub><em>2</em></sub><em>CO(s) +</em> <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{3}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mn>3</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span><em>O</em><sub><em>2</em></sub><em>(g) → </em><em>2H</em><sub><em>2</em></sub><em>O(l) +</em> <em>CO</em><sub><em>2</em></sub><em>(g) +</em> <em>N</em><sub><em>2</em></sub><em>(g).</em></p>
<p><em>Accept any correct ratio.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><strong>«</strong>V = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{\text{0.600 g}}}}{{{\text{60.07 g mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>0.600 g</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>60.07 g mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \times ">
<mo>×</mo>
</math></span> 22700 cm<sup>3</sup> mol<sup>–1</sup> =<strong>» </strong>227 <strong>«</strong>cm<sup>3</sup><strong>»</strong></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>lone/non-bonding electron pairs <strong>«</strong>on nitrogen/oxygen/ligand<strong>» </strong>given to/shared with metal ion</p>
<p>co-ordinate/dative/covalent bonds</p>
<p><em><strong>[2 marks]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>lone pairs on nitrogen atoms can be donated to/shared with C–N bond</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>C–N bond partial double bond character</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>delocalization <strong>«</strong>of electrons occurs across molecule<strong>»</strong></p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>slight positive charge on C due to C=O polarity reduces C–N bond length</p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>60</em>: CON<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup></p>
<p><em>44</em>: CONH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “molecular ion”.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><strong>[2 marks]</strong><br></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">j.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>3450 cm</em><sup><em>–</em><em>1</em></sup><em>:</em> N–H</p>
<p><em>1700 cm</em><sup><em>–</em><em>1</em></sup><em>:</em> C=O</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do </em><strong><em>not </em></strong><em>accept “O</em><em>–</em><em>H” for 3450 cm</em><sup><em>–1</em></sup><em>.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">k.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>1</p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">l.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>singlet</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “no splitting”.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">l.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>acts as internal standard</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>acts as reference point</p>
<p> </p>
<p>one strong signal</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>12 H atoms in same environment</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>signal is well away from other absorptions</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “inert” or “readily removed” or </em><em>“non-toxic” for M1.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">l.iii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">j.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">k.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">l.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">l.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">l.iii.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Some physical properties of molecular substances result from the different types of forces between their molecules.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Resonance structures exist when a molecule can be represented by more than one Lewis structure.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Carbon dioxide can be represented by at least two resonance structures, I and II.</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-08_om_16.23.50.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ2/07.c.i_01"></p>
<p>Calculate the formal charge on each oxygen atom in the two structures.</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-08_om_16.25.45.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ2/07.c.i_02"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce, giving a reason, the more likely structure.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Absorption of UV light in the ozone layer causes the dissociation of oxygen and ozone.</p>
<p>Identify, in terms of bonding, the molecule that requires a longer wavelength to dissociate.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Carbon and silicon are elements in group 14.</p>
<p>Explain why CO<sub>2</sub> is a gas but SiO<sub>2</sub> is a solid at room temperature.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-08_om_16.59.05.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ2/07.c.i/M"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award </em><strong><em>[1] </em></strong><em>for any two correctly filled </em><em>cells.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>structure I <strong><em>AND </em></strong>no formal charges</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>structure I <strong><em>AND </em></strong>no charge transfer <strong>«</strong>between atoms<strong>»</strong></p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>O<sub>3</sub> has bond between single and double bond <strong><em>AND </em></strong>O<sub>2</sub> has double bond</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>O<sub>3</sub> has bond order of 1.5 <strong><em>AND </em></strong>O<sub>2</sub> has bond order of 2</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>bond in O<sub>3</sub> is weaker/longer than in O<sub>2</sub></p>
<p> </p>
<p>O<sub>3</sub> requires longer wavelength</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>M1: Do </em><strong><em>not </em></strong><em>accept “ozone has one </em><em>single and one double bond”.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>CO<sub>2</sub> <strong>«</strong>non-polar<strong>» «</strong>weak<strong>» </strong>London/dispersion forces/instantaneous induced dipole-induced dipole forces between molecules</p>
<p>SiO<sub>2</sub> network/lattice/3D/giant <strong>«</strong>covalent<strong>» </strong>structure</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>M1: The concept of “between” is </em><em>essential.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Bromine can form the bromate(V) ion, BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the electron configuration of a bromine atom.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch the orbital diagram of the <strong>valence shell</strong> of a bromine atom (ground state) on the energy axis provided. Use boxes to represent orbitals and arrows to represent electrons.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw two Lewis (electron dot) structures for BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine the preferred Lewis structure based on the formal charge on the bromine atom, giving your reasons.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Predict, using the VSEPR theory, the geometry of the BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> ion and the O−Br−O bond angles.</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Bromate(V) ions act as oxidizing agents in acidic conditions to form bromide ions.</p>
<p>Deduce the half-equation for this reduction reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Bromate(V) ions oxidize iron(II) ions, Fe<sup>2+</sup>, to iron(III) ions, Fe<sup>3+</sup>.</p>
<p>Deduce the equation for this redox reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change, Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup>, in J, of the redox reaction in (ii), using sections 1 and 24 of the data booklet.</p>
<p><em>E</em><sup>Θ</sup> (BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> / Br<sup>−</sup>) = +1.44 V</p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State and explain the magnetic property of iron(II) and iron(III) ions.</p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>1s<sup>2</sup> 2s<sup>2</sup> 2p<sup>6</sup> 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>6</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> 3d<sup>10</sup> 4p<sup>5</sup></p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>[Ar] 4s<sup>2</sup> 3d<sup>10</sup> 4p<sup>5</sup> ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept 3d before 4s.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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"></p>
<p><em>Accept double-headed arrows.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Structure I - follows octet rule:</em></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p><em>Structure II - does not follow octet rule:</em></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept dots, crosses or lines to represent electron pairs.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«structure I» formal charge on Br = +2</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>«structure II» formal charge on Br = 0/+1 ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p>structure II is preferred <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>it produces formal charge closer to 0 ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Ignore any reference to formal charge on oxygen.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Geometry:</em><br>trigonal/pyramidal ✔</p>
<p><em>Reason:</em><br>three bonds <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>one lone pair<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>four electron domains ✔</p>
<p><em>O−Br−O angle:</em><br>107° ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “charge centres” for “electron domains”.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept answers in the range 104–109°.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (aq) + 6e<sup>−</sup> + 6H<sup>+</sup> (aq) → Br<sup>−</sup> (aq) + 3H<sub>2</sub>O (l)</p>
<p>correct reactants and products ✔</p>
<p>balanced equation ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept reversible arrows.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (aq) + 6Fe<sup>2+</sup> (aq) + 6H<sup>+</sup> (aq) → Br<sup>−</sup> (aq) + 3H<sub>2</sub>O (l) + 6Fe<sup>3+</sup> (aq) ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>E</em><sup>Θ</sup><sub>reaction</sub> = «+1.44 V – 0.77 V =» 0.67 «V» ✔</p>
<p>Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup> = «–n<em>FE</em><sup>Θ</sup><sub>reaction</sub> = – 6 × 96500 C mol<sup>–1</sup> × 0.67 V =» –3.9 × 10<sup>5</sup> «J» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>both are paramagnetic ✔</p>
<p>«both» contain unpaired electrons ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept orbital diagrams for both ions showing unpaired electrons.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Calcium carbide, CaC<sub>2</sub>, is an ionic solid.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe the nature of ionic bonding.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe how the relative atomic mass of a sample of calcium could be determined from its mass spectrum.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>When calcium compounds are introduced into a gas flame a red colour is seen; sodium compounds give a yellow flame. Outline the source of the colours and why they are different.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest <strong>two </strong>reasons why solid calcium has a greater density than solid potassium.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline why solid calcium is a good conductor of electricity.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch a graph of the first six ionization energies of calcium.</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calcium carbide reacts with water to form ethyne and calcium hydroxide.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">CaC<sub>2</sub>(s) + H<sub>2</sub>O(l) → C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(g) + Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>(aq)</p>
<p>Estimate the pH of the resultant solution.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe how sigma (σ) and pi (<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\pi ">
<mi>π</mi>
</math></span>) bonds are formed.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAxUAAAEGCAYAAAATwLgWAAAfeklEQVR4Ae3dDZCddX0v8C9bymCMmVAsRhBnd7IhYwLIjXIVwkBssZWWuuQ6xvJiebmI1+EihBHpS2JArpYXNRGbci0tbEZqFQUSEamivQsXhbmQFeSlE3dxt3ATghdr7nabyVDv2TtnswkhZP/PJmS7Z89+diazm/09z//5/z+/Z0+eb55zzh4wNDQ0FB8ECBAgQIAAAQIECBDYR4GWfdzPbgQIECBAgAABAgQIEBgWECqcCAQIECBAgAABAgQIvCaBA+t7t7e2vaZB7EyAAAECBAgQIECAQPML9Pb37XGRB+x4TUU9WIy20R739E0CBAgQIECAAAECBKaEQFVW8PSnKXEaWCQBAgQIECBAgACB8RMQKsbP1sgECBAgQIAAAQIEpoSAUDEl2myRBAgQIECAAAECBMZPQKgYP1sjEyBAgAABAgQIEJgSAkLFlGizRRIgQIAAAQIECBAYPwGhYvxsjUyAAAECBAgQIEBgSggIFVOizRZJgAABAgQIECBAYPwEhIrxszUyAQIECBAgQIAAgSkhIFRMiTZbJAECBAgQIECAAIHxExAqxs/WyAQIECBAgAABAgSmhIBQMSXabJEECBAgQIAAAQIExk9AqBg/WyMTIECAAAECBAgQmBICQsWUaLNFEiBAgAABAgQIEBg/AaFi/GyNTIAAAQIECBAgQGBKCAgVU6LNFkmAAAECBAgQIEBg/ASEivGzNTIBAgQIECBAgACBKSEgVEyJNlskAQIECBAgQIAAgfETECrGz9bIBAgQIECAAAECBKaEgFAxJdpskQQIECBAgAABAgTGT0CoGD9bIxMgQIAAAQIECBCYEgJCxZRos0USIECAAAECBAgQGD+BJg4V29LTeU7a561I10Bt/AT328hb0r3yiqzq3rIXI9YyuOEbWXXjfekZnAxr3Iul2ZQAAQIECBAgQGDSCDRxqDg4c867Lb1PX51FMxp9mbUMdK3MRT9dmCXHzdyLk6cl0+d+MB9f0pKvXfu1bBAs9sLOpgQIECBAgAABAvtLoNGvtvfXOht7nMH1ueW6Z3PJ5e/L4fvQkZZZ78mlp27I2Vd8K5vcsGjsXpsdAQIECBAgQKAJBfbhErZRFGoZ7OnKmmUdaW9t2/7ntGVZ09WTweEp7unpTwPp+cGXctG87dsfe+HK3NW5LL/fekqWd72YpH7HYEWObT0zq9auzaoLTxgZuyPLv/JINg/05B9WfiTHDh/vhFx040PZvMtFfG1zd9btrNeP0ZHlnV0VT016KZu+/9XcctApOXH2wfuI25IZJ5+VSzatzk0P1NdRX8qGrOmYn/aOzvTsMsd9PIDdCBAgQIAAAQIECIwqMHlDxeD6/PXHV+SH7Z/NY/196e3fkAevfF1uP+/q3NGzbQ8Lfimb1q7IBy55Ogvvejy9/c/kR1f8Zu69/m+z4VVbP5y/+PKP03bld7eP2/kf0718SU569/V56qRr8lj/M3nsuxcn//3yfPpbz2b4mn3wkdx4/tLc82sX5Hs/q8+nLz99+OP5ta9fnstuXj8SdF51oKTWl/tuvT+zF5+Q2bt2o7Y53WtX7gxAO4PTjgDVuiAXrf3fLw/YckSOWfTr+buV394eIlrm5tx1T6V33XmZs+u4L+/hKwIECBAgQIAAAQL7RWDSXm7Wnn8q9//jkVm4cHamD1MclFmL/iz39N+Wc+fs4X/8B36Um/704Zz02T/Jh+fOSFJ/PcJZ+dxf/lGmvYryrTnzykvSMae+3UGZtWBhFkyblmM++YlcfPystNT3nXN8Fs4ZyIOP/iyD9Tscj347t/zTopx13rsya0S1ZdbCnP2hednQ9VSeH+1uweDz6e15Q45uPTQvN2NLur94cZb86dOZ96XvjYSmx3PPVRfknFV/P/L37vzVGW/ZZeYH5/C29uTx7jz981/t8n1fEiBAgAABAgQIEBhfgZevY8f3OPt99JY3z88pb/txPr/mO3m06zvp6hkoHKOWge7/kXVbZ+dd8w/b5eK9JdOPaMvswp5jK7VkxqKr85OnV+SdLzyYdWvXZt3aO7Nm2Ydy2lU/LA5Re6E/T249Mu1HbI9G9Y1rPWtzzRdfzJl/+ee57LfnjISmGZn7R+fmP3x3aS7vfGoPdz5aMm3mIZmW3vRt2tOdmuI0FAkQIECAAAECBAjss8CkDRWZfnwu+8ba3PjOLVl33RW58L1vH+NrGMZi9cqL/LHskcGnsubChTnuvR/LXz36z8N3Qmaeek1uv2ph0tOXjXt8Z6ZaBjf25ZlXHGDH916fQ2fsdsel5S15z4eOz8PX355HX/U2uS2ZNmNmDnrFWP5CgAABAgQIECBAYPwFJm+oqNtMn5NFZ1yQa+59Kr0/eyi3r1qUF64/Px+49oGU7lvsf9Zt6fnmn+eaH707n//Rj3PPf7sgHWeckY5Fh2eg97nC4fZ0p2RHOPjX/GJg9zsOI7Wtj+Sx3q27jVvL1oEteWm37/orAQIECBAgQIAAgfEWmNyhYledlllZcMaHc9Z/emu2PtGfF17xGoaWzFjwnnRMey69G7e/N9T2XXfcFdh1oH35ejAb6+Fhztszb9Yu9wpqW/N/f1G+zG95U2uO3m1eBx51Us5524tZ9/UHd3uL2G3p+8n6bMlv5JA3HLjbRGvZuuWX2Zr2tB2+2x2O3bb0VwIECBAgQIAAAQL7U2DShopaT2cW19+yde2GkdcX1N9i9sH8YH3yO+f/1ivfSakuNuPEfOyzC7Luui9l3fDrL+rbfys3XPfN7P5//nsP/BtZcOqiTHv8rvztA5u2vxtUbXMe/YtrsvzezeXhpr857XP+JU/2/2L7fvWtp78jF37mv+TIe/8sH/nU2pG3pH0pmx/pzA3X/zhzzz0/v/uqt5/dlk19vcnbF2TeYbsHjvIUVAkQIECAAAECBAi8FoFJGypa5pyVm+48P4d++7wcN/w2q7NzXMc9OfSjK/Op9791lxdj7+A5KIefcXXu+MQbc09H/fUXs3Pidc/l5I+en2N2bLLPn+u/J+Jj6bzmmDxy3sIcVZ/P0cvz4FvOzi2rzt7Du0vtcqCWOVm89A/yzF0P5Zmdd1daMn3Bxfn6fauzJLfmtKNnp711bk46d33mffYr+ZsVv73zHaZ2jlTbmCe6/i1nLj19+1vI+j0VO2l8QYAAAQIECBAgML4CBwwNDQ3VD1H/PQj1360w1T7qdzw+0NGXSx9ekUUzJihjDT6SVR/8QvKZm3LZgpn70IJaBrtX58M3H5nVq8/Yp9/KvQ8HtQsBAgQIECBAgMAUEajKChN0FT0B+gNdWT7vhFy0y9ux1jY/lNXX3ZqXPnJ63jlRgaJOMf0dueDKo3LbzV27vYZijE6D63PrnYfm2hveL1CMkcxmBAgQIECAAAEC+09g6oSKGSfm4tuuzLwHLxx5ulRbjvqtW/L/Tl+Zv7n0+JHfBbH/YPdupPrTpz6azx12f25/bMte7Fp/XcjdWXXz5rzvj/8wc6dPnXbuBZJNCRAgQIAAAQIExllgyj/9aZx9DU+AAAECBAgQIEBg0gt4+tOkb6EFECBAgAABAgQIEGhsAc+Xaez+mB0BAgQIECBAgACBhhcQKhq+RSZIgAABAgQIECBAoLEFhIrG7o/ZESBAgAABAgQIEGh4AaGi4VtkggQIECBAgAABAgQaW0CoaOz+mB0BAgQIECBAgACBhhcQKhq+RSZIgAABAgQIECBAoLEFhIrG7o/ZESBAgAABAgQIEGh4AaGi4VtkggQIECBAgAABAgQaW0CoaOz+mB0BAgQIECBAgACBhhcQKhq+RSZIgAABAgQIECBAoLEFhIrG7o/ZESBAgAABAgQIEGh4AaGi4VtkggQIECBAgAABAgQaW0CoaOz+mB0BAgQIECBAgACBhhcQKhq+RSZIgAABAgQIECBAoLEFhIrG7o/ZESBAgAABAgQIEGh4AaGi4VtkggQIECBAgAABAgQaW0CoaOz+mB0BAgQIECBAgACBhhcQKhq+RSZIgAABAgQIECBAoLEFhIrG7o/ZESBAgAABAgQIEGh4AaGi4VtkggQIECBAgAABAgQaW0CoaOz+mB0BAgQIECBAgACBhhcQKhq+RSZIgAABAgQIECBAoLEFhIrG7o/ZESBAgAABAgQIEGh4AaGi4VtkggQIECBAgAABAgQaW0CoaOz+mB0BAgQIECBAgACBhhdomlBR6+nM4ta2HLusKwOjsdc2ZE3H/LTPW5GugdooW21LT+c5aW89Jcu7Xhxlm6TZjxdWSZwL9R+AZj/Xra/e5EZ8bHTuDf8D1JC98djosXHk8sj5uf3HdL9dg464TtJPBwwNDQ3V597e2pbe/r5JugzTJkCAAAECBAgQIEBgvASqskLT3KkYL0DjEiBAgAABAgQIECBQFhAqyj6qBAgQIECAAAECBAhUCAgVFUDKBAgQIECAAAECBAiUBYSKso8qAQIECBAgQIAAAQIVAkJFBZAyAQIECBAgQIAAAQJlAaGi7KNKgAABAgQIECBAgECFgFBRAaRMgAABAgQIECBAgEBZQKgo+6gSIECAAAECBAgQIFAhIFRUACkTIECAAAECBAgQIFAWECrKPqoECBAgQIAAAQIECFQICBUVQMoECBAgQIAAAQIECJQFhIqyjyoBAgQIECBAgAABAhUCQkUFkDIBAgQIECBAgAABAmUBoaLso0qAAAECBAgQIECAQIWAUFEBpEyAAAECBAgQIECAQFlAqCj7qBIgQIAAAQIECBAgUCEgVFQAKRMgQIAAAQIECBAgUBYQKso+qgQIECBAgAABAgQIVAgIFRVAygQIECBAgAABAgQIlAWEirKPKgECBAgQIECAAAECFQJCRQWQMgECBAgQIECAAAECZQGhouyjSoAAAQIECBAgQIBAhYBQUQGkTIAAAQIECBAgQIBAWUCoKPuoEiBAgAABAgQIECBQISBUVAApEyBAgAABAgQIECBQFhAqyj6qBAgQIECAAAECBAhUCAgVFUDKBAgQIECAAAECBAiUBYSKso8qAQIECBAgQIAAAQIVAkJFBZAyAQIECBAgQIAAAQJlgaYJFbWezixubcuxy7oyMNqaaxuypmN+2uetSNdAbZSttqWn85y0t56S5V0vjrJN0uzHC6skzoX6D0Czn+vWV29yIz42OveG/wFqyN54bPTYOHJ55Pzc/mO6365BR1wn6acDhoaGhupzb29tS29/3yRdhmkTIECAAAECBAgQIDBeAlVZoWnuVIwXoHEJECBAgAABAgQIECgLCBVlH1UCBAgQIECAAAECBCoEhIoKIGUCBAgQIECAAAECBMoCQkXZR5UAAQIECBAgQIAAgQoBoaICSJkAAQIECBAgQIAAgbKAUFH2USVAgAABAgQIECBAoEJAqKgAUiZAgAABAgQIECBAoCwgVJR9VAkQIECAAAECBAgQqBAQKiqAlAkQIECAAAECBAgQKAsIFWUfVQIECBAgQIAAAQIEKgSEigogZQIECBAgQIAAAQIEygJCRdlHlQABAgQIECBAgACBCgGhogJImQABAgQIECBAgACBsoBQUfZRJUCAAAECBAgQIECgQkCoqABSJkCAAAECBAgQIECgLCBUlH1UCRAgQIAAAQIECBCoEBAqKoCUCRAgQIAAAQIECBAoCwgVZR9VAgQIECBAgAABAgQqBISKCiBlAgQIECBAgAABAgTKAkJF2UeVAAECBAgQIECAAIEKAaGiAkiZAAECBAgQIECAAIGygFBR9lElQIAAAQIECBAgQKBCQKioAFImQIAAAQIECBAgQKAsIFSUfVQJECBAgAABAgQIEKgQECoqgJQJECBAgAABAgQIECgLCBVlH1UCBAgQIECAAAECBCoEhIoKIGUCBAgQIECAAAECBMoCQkXZR5UAAQIECBAgQIAAgQoBoaICSJkAAQIECBAgQIAAgbKAUFH2USVAgAABAgQIECBAoEJAqKgAUiZAgAABAgQIECBAoCwgVJR9VAkQIECAAAECBAgQqBAQKiqAlAkQIECAAAECBAgQKAsIFWUfVQIECBAgQIAAAQIEKgSEigogZQIECBAgQIAAAQIEygJCRdlHlQABAgQIECBAgACBCgGhogJImQABAgQIECBAgACBsoBQUfZRJUCAAAECBAgQIECgQkCoqABSJkCAAAECBAgQIECgLCBUlH1UCRAgQIAAAQIECBCoEBAqKoCUCRAgQIAAAQIECBAoCwgVZR9VAgQIECBAgAABAgQqBISKCiBlAgQIECBAgAABAgTKAkJF2UeVAAECBAgQIECAAIEKAaGiAkiZAAECBAgQIECAAIGygFBR9lElQIAAAQIECBAgQKBCQKioAFImQIAAAQIECBAgQKAsIFSUfVQJECBAgAABAgQIEKgQECoqgJQJECBAgAABAgQIECgLCBVlH1UCBAgQIECAAAECBCoEmjxUbEtP5zlpn7ciXQO1Coot6V55RVZ1b6nYbke5lsEN38iqG+9Lz2DV2Dv28ZkAAQIECBAgQIBA8wk0eag4OHPOuy29T1+dRTNKS61loGtlLvrpwiw5buYYu9yS6XM/mI8vacnXrv1aNggWY3SzGQECBAgQIECAQLMJlK60m22to69ncH1uue7ZXHL5+3L4Xoq0zHpPLj11Q86+4lvZ5IbF6MYqBAgQIECAAAECTSuwl5fQDeQw0JXl8+Zn8S0/yP+68SM5trUt7a3z8/vLvpruzS+NTHQsT396KZu+/9XcctApOXH2wfuwwJbMOPmsXLJpdW564MV92N8uBAgQIECAAAECBCa3wOQNFcPuW/PEp5flr3NBvvezvvQ+eWcuytez5Pwvp3usT0eq9eW+W+/P7MUnZPZOjfrrJW7LRfPqQWXPf965sju/2tH7liNyzKJfz9+t/HZ6hu9WDKZ75e+lvfX3sqp7cMdWPhMgQIAAAQIECBBoSoGdl9GTdXXTTrsyV/3XEzKrvpLpc9PxyaU585++mbse/eexLWnw+fT2vCFHtx6anRi1ntyxamPO+of1uf3ShTmz85H09v/PfP7UWTnmqr/PT/v78ujSBTlw5xEOzuFt7cnj3Xn65/WoMT0Lln4nvf3fyWULpu/cyhcECBAgQIAAAQIEmlFg53X05FzctMx+19u2B4odC5j+5rTPeTHrvv9kBnZ8r/C59kJ/ntx6ZNqP2HHxX8vAA3en70P/OYtmHZTkdTl0xsFJ7V+z5f8kvznz9S+Hj53jtmTazEMyLb3p27Rt53d9QYAAAQIECBAgQGAqCEzyUDF6i7Y+0Z8XKl84Xcvgxr4884phWjJj0Sdy1aI3JtmS555KDnnDgcOh4pfPHpQ3zdzT6y5aMm3GzNQjiA8CBAgQIECAAAECU02gaUPFtGNa86bK1bVk+hFtmT1a13/18/Stf11m1kPF8Mfrt9+1eNX2tWwd2JIdLw9/Vdk3CBAgQIAAAQIECDSxQOVld2OvfWue6X0+r3gp9PBrJN6YjlOPzowxTL7lTa05etpz6d34ilGG96z1/ST3py1HvnFHqBhtwFq2bvlltqY9bYfv6U7GaPv5PgECBAgQIECAAIHJLzDJQ0Wy9baVuWHthu3BYvCprLn8T7LulKX52Mn1py+N4WP4NRj/kif7f5FXPFuq9mzu/sKX88Q72nJ4PVO0vD6HvHVz7rv/HzOw6e5c85UNu2y/LZv6epO3L8i8w6oCyBjmZBMCBAgQIECAAAECk0hgkoeKaZl7TkcW9H0uJ9bf+vXoC/PD+Z/OHTe8f+y/xK5lThYv/YM8c9dDeWaXVPGrx+7INfcmv3P6ghxWb2hLW3536QeSLy7JSZ/amNPe2/byC7ZrG/NE17/lzKWnZ86wqLeUnUQ/A6ZKgAABAgQIECDwGgUOGBoaGqqPUf99DL39fa9xuH/H3eu//O7dF+fJT96ZO86b+/IF/r5MYfCRrPrgF5LP3JTLFszcyxFqGexenQ/ffGRWrz5j7GFmL49icwIECBAgQIAAAQITJVCVFSb5nYr9xDr9HbngyqNy281d2bTL3YoxjT64PrfeeWiu3Zu7I2Ma2EYECBAgQIAAAQIEJoeAUDHcp5bMOPmj+dxh9+f2x7aMsXO1DPbcnVU3b877/vgPM3c6yjHC2YwAAQIECBAgQKDJBCbv05+arBGWQ4AAAQIECBAgQKBRBTz9qVE7Y14ECBAgQIAAAQIEmkTAc3aapJGWQYAAAQIECBAgQGCiBISKiZJ3XAIECBAgQIAAAQJNIiBUNEkjLYMAAQIECBAgQIDARAkIFRMl77gECBAgQIAAAQIEmkRAqGiSRloGAQIECBAgQIAAgYkSEComSt5xCRAgQIAAAQIECDSJgFDRJI20DAIECBAgQIAAAQITJSBUTJS84xIgQIAAAQIECBBoEgGhokkaaRkECBAgQIAAAQIEJkpAqJgoecclQIAAAQIECBAg0CQCQkWTNNIyCBAgQIAAAQIECEyUgFAxUfKOS4AAAQIECBAgQKBJBISKJmmkZRAgQIAAAQIECBCYKAGhYqLkHZcAAQIECBAgQIBAkwgIFU3SSMsgQIAAAQIECBAgMFECQsVEyTsuAQIECBAgQIAAgSYRECqapJGWQYAAAQIECBAgQGCiBISKiZJ3XAIECBAgQIAAAQJNIiBUNEkjLYMAAQIECBAgQIDARAkIFRMl77gECBAgQIAAAQIEmkRAqGiSRloGAQIECBAgQIAAgYkSEComSt5xCRAgQIAAAQIECDSJgFDRJI20DAIECBAgQIAAAQITJSBUTJS84xIgQIAAAQIECBBoEgGhokkaaRkECBAgQIAAAQIEJkqgaUJFraczi1vbcuyyrgyMplnbkDUd89M+b0W6BmqjbLUtPZ3npL31lCzvenGUbZJmP15YJXEu1H8Amv1ct756kxvxsdG5N/wPUEP2xmOjx8aRyyPn5/Yf0/12DTriOkk/HTA0NDRUn3t7a1t6+/sm6TJMmwABAgQIECBAgACB8RKoygpNc6divACNS4AAAQIECBAgQIBAWUCoKPuoEiBAgAABAgQIECBQISBUVAApEyBAgAABAgQIECBQFhAqyj6qBAgQIECAAAECBAhUCAgVFUDKBAgQIECAAAECBAiUBYSKso8qAQIECBAgQIAAAQIVAkJFBZAyAQIECBAgQIAAAQJlAaGi7KNKgAABAgQIECBAgECFgFBRAaRMgAABAgQIECBAgEBZQKgo+6gSIECAAAECBAgQIFAhIFRUACkTIECAAAECBAgQIFAWECrKPqoECBAgQIAAAQIECFQICBUVQMoECBAgQIAAAQIECJQFhIqyjyoBAgQIECBAgAABAhUCQkUFkDIBAgQIECBAgAABAmUBoaLso0qAAAECBAgQIECAQIWAUFEBpEyAAAECBAgQIECAQFlAqCj7qBIgQIAAAQIECBAgUCEgVFQAKRMgQIAAAQIECBAgUBYQKso+qgQIECBAgAABAgQIVAgIFRVAygQIECBAgAABAgQIlAWEirKPKgECBAgQIECAAAECFQJCRQWQMgECBAgQIECAAAECZQGhouyjSoAAAQIECBAgQIBAhYBQUQGkTIAAAQIECBAgQIBAWUCoKPuoEiBAgAABAgQIECBQISBUVAApEyBAgAABAgQIECBQFhAqyj6qBAgQIECAAAECBAhUCAgVFUDKBAgQIECAAAECBAiUBZomVNR6OrO4tS3HLuvKwGhrrm3Imo75aZ+3Il0DtVG22paeznPS3npKlne9OMo2SbMfL6ySOBfqPwDNfq5bX73JjfjY6Nwb/geoIXvjsdFj48jlkfNz+4/pfrsGHXGdpJ8OGBoaGqrPvb21Lb39fZN0GaZNgAABAgQIECBAgMB4CVRlhaa5UzFegMYlQIAAAQIECBAgQKAsIFSUfVQJECBAgAABAgQIEKgQECoqgJQJECBAgAABAgQIECgLCBVlH1UCBAgQIECAAAECBCoEhIoKIGUCBAgQIECAAAECBMoCQkXZR5UAAQIECBAgQIAAgQoBoaICSJkAAQIECBAgQIAAgbKAUFH2USVAgAABAgQIECBAoEJAqKgAUiZAgAABAgQIECBAoCwgVJR9VAkQIECAAAECBAgQqBAQKiqAlAkQIECAAAECBAgQKAsIFWUfVQIECBAgQIAAAQIEKgSEigogZQIECBAgQIAAAQIEygJCRdlHlQABAgQIECBAgACBCgGhogJImQABAgQIECBAgACBsoBQUfZRJUCAAAECBAgQIECgQkCoqABSJkCAAAECBAgQIECgLCBUlH1UCRAgQIAAAQIECBCoEBAqKoCUCRAgQIAAAQIECBAoCwgVZR9VAgQIECBAgAABAgQqBISKCiBlAgQIECBAgAABAgTKAkJF2UeVAAECBAgQIECAAIEKAaGiAkiZAAECBAgQIECAAIGygFBR9lElQIAAAQIECBAgQKBCQKioAFImQIAAAQIECBAgQKAsIFSUfVQJECBAgAABAgQIEKgQECoqgJQJECBAgAABAgQIECgLCBVlH1UCBAgQIECAAAECBCoEhIoKIGUCBAgQIECAAAECBMoCQkXZR5UAAQIECBAgQIAAgQqBA4aGhobaW9sqNlMmQIAAAQIECBAgQGCqC/T29+2RYDhU7LHimwQIECBAgAABAgQIEBiDgKc/jQHJJgQIECBAgAABAgQIjC4gVIxuo0KAAAECBAgQIECAwBgEhIoxINmEAAECBAgQIECAAIHRBYSK0W1UCBAgQIAAAQIECBAYg8D/B8gWvn75M7M+AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the number of σ and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\pi ">
<mi>π</mi>
</math></span> bonds in a molecule of ethyne.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>electrostatic attraction <strong><em>AND </em></strong>oppositely charged ions</p>
<p><em><strong>[1 mark]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>multiply relative intensity by <strong>«</strong><em>m</em>/<em>z</em><strong>» </strong>value of isotope</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>find the frequency of each isotope</p>
<p> </p>
<p>sum of the values of products/multiplication <strong>«</strong>from each isotope<strong>»</strong></p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>find/calculate the weighted average</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award </em><strong><em>[1 max] </em></strong><em>for stating “m/z values of </em><em>isotopes </em><strong><em>AND </em></strong><em>relative </em><em>abundance/intensity” but not stating </em><em>these need to be multiplied.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><strong>«</strong>promoted<strong>»</strong> electrons fall back to lower energy level</p>
<p>energy difference between levels is different</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “Na and Ca have different </em><em>nuclear charge” for M2.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any two of:</em></p>
<p>stronger metallic bonding</p>
<p>smaller ionic/atomic radius</p>
<p> </p>
<p>two electrons per atom are delocalized</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>greater ionic charge</p>
<p> </p>
<p>greater atomic mass</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do </em><strong><em>not </em></strong><em>accept just “heavier” or “more </em><em>massive” without reference to atomic </em><em>mass.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>delocalized/mobile electrons <strong>«</strong>free to move<strong>»</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_13.26.19.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ1/02.e/M"></p>
<p>general increase</p>
<p>only one discontinuity between “IE2” and “IE3”</p>
<p><em><strong>[2 marks]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>pH > 7</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept any specific pH value or range </em><em>of values above 7 and below 14.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>sigma (σ</em><em>)</em><em>:</em></p>
<p>overlap <strong>«</strong>of atomic orbitals<strong>» </strong>along the axial/internuclear axis</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>head-on/end-to-end overlap <strong>«</strong>of atomic orbitals<strong>»</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>pi (<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\pi ">
<mi>π</mi>
</math></span>)</em><em>:</em></p>
<p>overlap <strong>«</strong>of p-orbitals<strong>» </strong>above and below the internuclear axis</p>
<p><strong><em>OR</em></strong></p>
<p>sideways overlap <strong>«</strong>of p-orbitals<strong>»</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award marks for suitable diagrams.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>sigma (σ</em><em>)</em><em>:</em> 3</p>
<p><strong><em>AND</em></strong></p>
<p><em>pi (</em><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\pi ">
<mi>π</mi>
</math></span><em>)</em><em>:</em> 2</p>
<p><strong><em>[1 mark]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">g.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">g.ii.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Organomagnesium compounds can react with carbonyl compounds. One overall equation is:</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img 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"></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Compound B can also be prepared by reacting an alkene with water.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Iodomethane is used to prepare CH<sub>3</sub>Mg<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>I</mtext></math>. It can also be converted into methanol:</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">CH<sub>3</sub><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>I</mtext></math> + HO<sup>–</sup> → CH<sub>3</sub>OH + <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>I</mtext></math><sup>–</sup></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the name of Compound B, applying International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) rules.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Compound A and Compound B are both liquids at room temperature and pressure. Identify the strongest intermolecular force between molecules of Compound A.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the number of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>σ</mtext></math> (sigma) and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></math> (pi) bonds in Compound A.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the hybridization of the central carbon atom in Compound A.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Identify the isomer of Compound B that exists as optical isomers (enantiomers).</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw the structural formula of the alkene required.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why the reaction produces more (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>COH than (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHCH<sub>2</sub>OH.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the structural formula of the repeating unit of the polymer formed from this alkene.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce what would be observed when Compound B is warmed with acidified aqueous potassium dichromate (VI).</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Identify the type of reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline the requirements for a collision between reactants to yield products.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain the mechanism of the reaction using curly arrows to represent the movement of electron pairs.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The polarity of the carbon–halogen bond, C–X, facilitates attack by HO<sup>–</sup>.</p>
<p>Outline, giving a reason, how the bond polarity changes going down group 17.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>2-methylpropan-2-ol /2-methyl-2-propanol ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept methylpropan-2-ol/ methyl-2-propanol.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept 2-methylpropanol.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>dipole-dipole ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do not accept van der Waals’ forces.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>σ</mtext></math>: 9<br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></math>: 1 ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>sp<sup>2</sup> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>butan-2-ol/CH<sub>3</sub>CH(OH)C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAIsAAABOCAYAAAAQPOX4AAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsMAAA7DAcdvqGQAAA9qSURBVHhe7Z0LWBNX+sbfJCSAqAj/BUG5qKyXrbeisrVSL4j1RkUFtbZrtbpa66Ou90svVtTtruv9rn9Ea61rreutsGpFCxW0lVJUBBSRqrWCEhQENCEJybczw6GIGERJQgnzy5Nnct45IcPMm2++M5lzjoQ4ICJSDaRsKSLyTESziFQb0Swi1UY0i0i1Ec0iUm1Es4hUG6NmefRIjcLCR6xUTn5BETQaLSuJmIrc3Hzk5ReyUjm8/uT+1un1gs4vLYlRs6xasxJT3n+flcoZPqw/Ij7bxkoiNcGg02PHjl3o0LEzXn21G3w7d4CfXxfEn4kT1j94UIDWrZvj2LGjQrmMzIzrgn7vvpIplsGoWdRqFVQaNQyGEqZwcEbWFuhRojUwQaQmRHy5CxMnjsf8BTORnnwZqVeu4M0xoxESOgpFRUUgMqCgQI2SkseOAQdBJ+iklzPFMhjPWSQyyLiNlUptmMAhA1SGR5DLuRciNWbrmrXYvnUbxo4ZDxsHWzRycMDcGfMxe85sZN2+zmpVhrgHj0SmE5aWwujl/oUfLsS+vfsRENgbBt40EikMnHG+iTyCj5d+jOmTZ7CaIi8CHzlcXV253LCo4hfyMfLz8+Hs7Iw+gYFo4e3J1eOOgcGA/Lw8fH0kEtnKHLi7uLLa5sdoZJGRDHb2Cni5eXDP5qVLFxdugyXQa8UEt6YYdIQGDXmTSEqFKnB2aCTs/2YuTYWl+x+aCTqVlH7PS7RqKO/mCacts8JHlqex4IMFNHTYSFYq51VfP1q3fi0ribwoxTodOTo2IuW9u0wpJzYuhlIS0ygvL493A+3fv5+tKSXtcpqgZ+dk070HD6hNmzbUrJkzhYSEEulYJTNgNLIYuM2RyfRc2KvYPBNyFqmY4NYUWxsbBAUPxvixE5H/sLzJnJ+nxLQpM5CQmsiUypTlLGSQISkuDqvXrEZW1n3IFFwDhHuYC6NmsSEb4SmVVkxmFXa20Emefo4VeT4WfRQmNJP7+PfA8pWrEbb4Y7Rq2RFNuDzkr++OY7UqI2GnLolUj/5DhqDna/54PSgIag133Li8xlwY/cu+L3eGX49XWKkU/pw4oN8QtGndiikiL8LNX28Ky3Zt2yE9LQ3Dh4fi4oXzuHb9Fj5aOA9Rh/cJ6xUKBd586214eHgK5TIcHBwF3d7GTijLueXG9evh4eiEqKj/CppZYKejF+L2nSyKjz/LSiLVYdu2XeTUxIUKCwuZ8vzo9SXsFVFy6gW6k5MlvI6MjKSpU2cIr81BjcwSvj2cHOwd6dChY0wRqYq169aRQmFHW7n9Ziq+3LefBg4aSGtWr6S+fQIoOT2NrTE9NTIL13SjJUuWCIaJP5vERJEn4SPBtm07SSqX0559e5hqOjIyrtGeveGU9csdppiHmpmFg98RYWFhpRHmwH+ZKvIb3Bdq7YZN1IAzymcR/8/EukmNzVIGH2HsHRtSQvwPTBHh2bJlCynkCu6LZPqIYmlMZhaexYtLI8zhg2IOw7Np4ybh1LN9h+lylNrEpGbhT0lLFnERxt6eYk/HM7V+smlLODna25klR6ktTGqWMspymIOHophSv9i8eRMppHLaZsJWz+8Bs5iFjzCLFn0gGCY2NoGp9YOdEbu55rGCdu7exRTrwSxmKWPR4kXCj2VHDkcyxbrZtIlLZjmjhIdvZop1YVaz8JRdh0lISGaKdbIrfCfZ2UkpIsJ6cpQnMbtZ+J/iR40aRY0bN6b0K9eZal2cOHaCGjRoQNNnzWSKdWJ2s/Dcv39fMMyf2rWntPR0ploHJ6JjyM3dnebM/YBUahVTrROLmEVARzRyZCg1aexK6amZTKzbRMecFCLK3LnzmGLdWM4sHA/y8yk0dCS1bdueMjPrtmGORx8ndzdPmjlnltVHlDIsapYyhoYGCxEmLe0KU+oWcd/Gko2NgmZwRqlP1MpgPg8eFGLy5ElwcGiEnTsjmFo14bt24vvYOMhhgFYihQQlsOEexWSAXCoR7pDX6zSQ28qg00lh0KmhsLfjXksgIR1kcluhD5SNgZ76/kmTJqJHj57s04zD32a6du0a3PwlBytWLIO9nT1bY/2Y7x68KmjSpDG++uorbN26RSjzPevCwj6Bm7cbJBIJ3h4zGllZvwrrytBpZNDqtXhYIoeuBNDo9FBxS71WArVaj+KSYhRrbPBQpYWWW6eDA1RqzlicrtVLoeIqa3Q64f2aYu419/dUOgP0JTpotARVsYZ9Uik3fr6GCRPGcYZ2gLOzE2Z/uBAFBfnCbaZz5szDxg2r6pVReGp9mDBl7l0E9OuHpq6ueDP0LTRxaoSoqEicOhmL+DPfoXXrtqym5fg25iRCQ0IxcFAw3ggaxJlLjT1798CGi04njh+rdF9yvYE3S20y4d33KJjLYZ7swvDGG8G0ckUYK1kWP79u9NGyj1ipHD+/VyghMZaV6h+1Gln03GnF3d0DS5f9A+9PnsjUUviRA/geeHK5DZcoAFeuXsGNGz8LuQmfezy+rCl6gwFdfDsJ2/KooAgtfVrh0sUUuHm4sRqlqFQqcE1lVqqHCJapJTQ6DW9U+ve/v2CKcSZOnCLUNdczIiJC+BylMo/sHR1IpVELZZFyajWylHCZqqeXB/75r7/j3bEVI8u93Dzo9Gq4uzUXynz3TC3X2oHksU5vxOUOj5drgKOTIxpxrbOiR4/wx5beSE3LgIuLM1tbyq3bN+Ho8H9c3UZMqWcIlqlFhoWMpnfeGctK5YwePYKGhwSxkmXp8udutG7LGlYqp/drr9Gny+awUv2j1ltD1zIz0b9fX/gHBGJQ/9e5ZrUDTkefxerwdYg9FoNevV9jNS3Hgf3/ETpxzZo3HQGv9sLDYhWijh5FUmISfkw6j0b1NW8RLFPLpFxIpsEDAqlhw0ZC/tC9ux8lJydW6ExlaY4fPUD+fv7ClVoHBwca+MYAun7DOn7TelFqxSzp6enUvUt3Sk6p2CFKV6IjrYYziJ4JvwP47eG363FSU9No1Mi3KCdbyZT6gcWv4Obm5mJ4aAjUeg1aeLoztRQbmQ3kCi5prZXryk+H3x5+ux6nsaMDzpz9FmMmTIC6Hg1VY9HDci0zA70D+sCjuSfi4r7jdroTW1O38PTwxoXEZORm30JwcBBycnLYGuvGYgkuPyyWb7euaGhrh7j4c5xR6n6SqLythO8rHeHbqScORu0TxlyxZiwSWa5evQrf7t3g08LHaozC4+rhirNnEpCd+zOGDB4OZe49tsY6MXtkuZ9/Hz39e0Jhp0BcbGydPfVUxZ3bt9G9qz98OndATHTFMWutCbNGlivp6egdGAAPDw/EfRdnlUbhcef+v+8SYlCUn43X+w5F7r18tsa6MFtk4XOU7t27Q24r5yLK91Zz6qmKm7/cRO8/90Zr37aIjjwGqcK6chizRBaV6hEGBQUJ4/+fPH66XhiFp4V3Cxw98TV+OncOk+csrTTmfp2HjyympPBhIQ0ZMZR8vNpQcvIFptYvYk7FCj0x585ZSBozDjVqaUxqFt4o/oF9yNurNSnvZjO1fpKZkiGMV/P+tDmkLam9ny1MicnMUlysoWHDh5OHV3O6dDGVqfWb06dihAgze9YCYf/UdUxiFn5H+Pr7kbd3S1Iq69fvJc8i5VIyOTk50qxpi5hSd6mxWQofPhQiCm8UMaI8nW+jTwoRZvrMuUypm9TILHyO0rd/P/Jq5S1GlGeQlpQiGOa9CXW3q2uNzDJ3wXwumfWii+etezgNU3HyVLRwSpoxo24apkZmuXgxRYwoz0lSUmkOs2XLbqbUHYxewY0+Fo07uVkYN248U0q7TGzZvB6du3RFL/9eTBV5Xi5dSkGHDi8JndUKCwtx6PAhXM24BgXJ0KpdG4wcESJ0OSlWqfHJPz7FX0aOQOfOL7N3A3fvZmHTmk2Y/eECODdpwlQLIFjmKfDzDYWEjBQG4ymDv83Rr2NXcb4hE3HnjpK8WnqQi8sfaMSY0TRsaKgwhMe0KdOE9cbmG0q5nC7oWVk5TLEMRi/3SySAVquucI+GlJ8k0b4EBoll5+azVhZ9Mh/Obu5ISU7Ff774EoePHEBm5lV8c+oEEs8nsFqVkfC97jjMervAUzBqFv7kJJMpUFRc/NuzUKcV+vrIYN03+ViK3Z/vwzcHj6Ope1OmQOgV+VPiT+jUqStTALVWW+E48F9iHqmNKfpMEUoKryMtuwgVhwaojFGz8DOZneIc3q1zJ6Frp2+H9ujStj2SUzO4P//sef1EquZ29h0uL5HDxaVyzuHo2LhCRF84b65wHF5u/xJefqkzBg8MEnTS1/R34GIoY4ajf3MfdJx6GEnPmKDO6KdJOT8EBvRDXNxZfB+XgB9++Ak/JP4I307t+GnOWC2RF8VWbgdNCXEnlGef0pct+6dwHM6dS8K5hHM4eOSgoEtkpUd37+7PuYbIOK5OrFCuLpSzGcunRCJWPh4zV4xAj2d4z+hqPmeBlNC0qQvnfqffnnKSAxpxjsSawu/L1j4tcezrynfWLVgwHxHhO1gJaNzYocJxcGpc2q2WnyPxwMEDOBIVjeDBQxAWthTakmreFkHXcGbDCqzN8Ib38rn4tPWzbyMxahY+Z1E8MUIBP+qRhjSQy8XIYgreHTceb40di+PR0UwBtm//DOvWbURAYD+mVIaPRzz8HImv9wvE9oit8G77Rzg7NYGCezwbA4pTVmHVBiUk/WZj/Zg/oTrDEhk1C5+z6CXcZj02+yo/KpONQQGtOKGmSZj83kRMnz4b77wzBj4t2qG5myv+tXwptn+2FT4+3qxWZei3dpCUy2+chGO0d9dOyO0a4MavmWxdFdB5HF31BSIf9kCf+W8iuEE1c1DWhK7Evbx7T23H37p9mx7cz2MlEVPA3++ScT2DMq/dYkop/HWty6mZVFBQwJRSNKpCQX/ytofDX0fSrFmV50gsuvo5bVsSRbGF/H01BtJenkpDG4Kk4/ZTos5QWqka1Ohyv0jts37Detq+fQdlK3No+t+m0uZtlWdL+/HvXtQQDclu7D46q71H3y924UJTHwqOz2c1qodoljpOYV4h9enbmzw9Pem9KZOY+gSqE/T5X/hBB1qQ1wcLaJI7SDJ0B8Voqx9VeGp9yA2RmsP/ZldSrINtA1umVIZyNuLDoJlYLlxMaYeO+0/g4kgv40nrU3ieuiK/U2RSaZVG4ZE0nYz5K4PgxxecBuDtXs2e++CLkaU+QUpcPx2PVLcADGjnjKrtVRnRLCLVRjwNiVQb0Swi1QT4H5BPaKJTpfu1AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>carbocation formed from (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>COH is more stable / (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>C<sup>+</sup> is more stable than (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHCH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> ✔</p>
<p><br>«because carbocation has» greater number of alkyl groups/lower charge on the atom/higher e<sup>-</sup> density<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«greater number of alkyl groups» are more electron releasing<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«greater number of alkyl groups creates» greater inductive/+I effect ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> award any marks for simply quoting Markovnikov’s rule.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="213" height="183"></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> penalize missing brackets or n.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> award mark if continuation bonds are not shown.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>no change «in colour/appearance/solution» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«nucleophilic» substitution<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>SN2 ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept “hydrolysis”.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept SN1</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>energy/E ≥ activation energy/E<sub>a</sub> ✔</p>
<p>correct orientation «of reacting particles»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>correct geometry «of reacting particles» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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" width="551" height="106"></p>
<p>curly arrow going from lone pair/negative charge on O in <sup>-</sup>OH to C ✔</p>
<p>curly arrow showing I leaving ✔</p>
<p>representation of transition state showing negative charge, square brackets and partial bonds ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept OH<sup>-</sup> with or without the lone pair.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> allow curly arrows originating on H, rather than the -, in OH<sup>-</sup>.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept curly arrows in the transition state.</em></p>
<p><em>Do not penalize if HO and I are not at 180°.</em></p>
<p><em>Do not award M3 if OH–C bond is represented.</em></p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[2 max]</strong> if S<sub>N</sub>1 mechanism shown.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>decreases/less polar <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>electronegativity «of the halogen» decreases ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “decreases” <strong>AND</strong> a correct comparison of the electronegativity of two halogens.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “decreases” <strong>AND</strong> “attraction for valence electrons decreases”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Naming the organic compound using IUPAC rules was generally done well.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mediocre performance in stating the number of σ (sigma) and π (pi) bonds in propanone; the common answer was 3 σ and 1 π instead of 9 σ and 1 π, suggesting the three C-H σ bonds in each of the two methyl groups were ignored.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>sp<sup>2</sup> hybridization of the central carbon atom in the ketone was very done well.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mediocre performance; some identified 2-methylpropan-1-ol or -2-ol, instead butan-2-ol/CH<sub>3</sub>CH(OH)C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub> as the isomer that exists as an optical isomer.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Good performance; some had a H and CH<sub>3</sub> group on each C atom across double bond instead of having two H atoms on one C and two CH<sub>3</sub> groups on the other.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Poor performance, particularly in light of past feedback provided in similar questions since there was repeated reference simply to Markovnikov's rule, without any explanation.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mediocre performance; deducing structural formula of repeating unit of the polymer was challenging in which continuation bonds were sometimes missing, or structure included a double bond or one of the CH<sub>3</sub> group was missing.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mediocre performance; deducing whether the tertiary alcohol could be oxidized solicited mixed responses ranging from the correct one, namely no change (in colour, appearance or solution), to tertiary alcohol will be reduced, or oxidized, or colour will change will occur, and such.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Excellent performance on the type of reaction but with some incorrect answers such as alkane substitution, free radical substitution or electrophilic substitution.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Good performance. For the requirements for a collision between reactants to yield products, some suggested necessary, sufficient or enough energy or even enough activation energy instead of energy/<em>E ≥ </em>activation energy/<em>E</em><sub>a</sub>.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mechanism for SN2 not done well. Often the negative charge on OH was missing, the curly arrow was not going from lone pair/negative charge on O in -OH to C, or the curly arrow showing I leaving placed incorrectly and specially the negative charge was missing in the transition state. Formation of a carbocation intermediate indicating SN1 mechanism could score a maximum of 2 marks.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Good performance on how the polarity of C-X bond changes going down group 17.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Both vinegar (a dilute aqueous solution of ethanoic acid) and bleach are used as cleaning agents.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Bleach reacts with ammonia, also used as a cleaning agent, to produce the poisonous compound chloramine, NH<sub>2</sub>Cl.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline why ethanoic acid is classified as a weak acid.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A solution of bleach can be made by reacting chlorine gas with a sodium hydroxide solution.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Cl<sub>2</sub> (g) + 2NaOH (aq) ⇌ NaOCl (aq) + NaCl (aq) + H<sub>2</sub>O (l)</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Suggest, with reference to Le Châtelier’s principle, why it is dangerous to mix vinegar </span><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">and bleach together as cleaners.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Draw a Lewis (electron dot) structure of chloramine.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in chloramine.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Deduce the molecular geometry of chloramine and estimate its H–N–H bond angle.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Molecular geometry:</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">H–N–H bond angle:</span></span></span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the type of bond formed when chloramine is protonated.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Sketch a graph of pH against volume of hydrochloric acid added to ammonia solution, showing how you would determine the pK<sub>a</sub> of the ammonium ion.</span></p>
<p><img src="images/5di.PNG" alt width="478" height="387"></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Suggest a suitable indicator for the titration, using section 22 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Explain, using <strong>two</strong> equations, how an equimolar solution of ammonia and ammonium ions acts as a buffer solution when small amounts of acid or base are added.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">partial dissociation «in aqueous solution» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">ethanoic acid/vinegar reacts with NaOH <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">moves equilibrium to left/reactant side <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">releases Cl<sub>2</sub> (g)/chlorine <span style="text-decoration: underline;">gas</span><br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>Cl<sub>2</sub> (g)/chlorine <span style="text-decoration: underline;">gas</span> is toxic <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Accept “ethanoic acid produces H<sup>+</sup> ions”</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept “ethanoic acid/vinegar reacts with NaOCl”.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Do <strong>not</strong> accept “2CH<sub>3</sub>COOH + NaOCl + NaCl → 2CH<sub>3</sub>COONa + Cl<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O” as it does not refer to equilibrium.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept suitable molecular or ionic equations for M1 and M3.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/5ci.PNG" alt width="133" height="101"> <strong>[<span style="background-color: #ffffff;">✔]</span></strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Accept any combination of dots/crosses or lines to represent electron pairs.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">sp<sup>3</sup> <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Molecular geometry</em>:<br>«trigonal» pyramidal <strong>[✔]</strong><br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>H–N–H bond angle</em>:<br>107° <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong><br></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Accept angles in the range of 100–109.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>covalent/dative/coordinate <strong>[✔]</strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/5di_m.PNG" alt width="424" height="298"></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">correct shape of graph <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>vertical drop at Vn <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">pK<sub>a</sub> = pH at <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{\text{Vn}}}}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>Vn</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span>/half neutralization/half equivalence <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Note: </strong></span></span><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">M1: must show buffer region at pH > 7 and equivalence point at pH < 7. Graph must start below pH = 14.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">methyl orange<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>bromophenol blue<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>bromocresol green<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>methyl red <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NH<sub>3</sub> (aq) + H<sup>+</sup> (aq) → NH<sub>4</sub> + (aq) <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NH<sub>4</sub> + (aq) + OH<sup>−</sup> (aq) → NH<sub>3</sub> (aq) + H<sub>2</sub>O(l) <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Note: </strong>Accept reaction arrows or equilibrium signs in both equations.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Award <strong>[1 max]</strong>, based on two correct reverse equations but not clearly showing reacting with acid or base but rather dissociation.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Majority of candidates understood weak acids do not fully dissociate.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The average score was 1 out 3. Many could not suggest why it is dangerous to mix chlorine with vinegar. Most students gained at least one mark for stating that “chlorine gas will be produced” but couldn’t link it to equilibrium ideas.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates correctly drew the Lewis structure of chloramine. Some left off lone pair electrons.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mostly correct with a surprising number stating sp or sp<sup>2</sup> hybridization.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Generally well done with some candidates misinterpreting the bond angle from the stated geometry.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>“Ionic bond”, “hydrogen bond” and “intermolecular forces” were some common answers.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Quite poorly done with many candidates not indicating a vertical drop but rather a weak acid/weak base curve. Some did not have the correct location for the equivalence point.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Generally well done although a number of candidates chose bromothymol blue as a suitable indicator for weak base with a strong acid.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Nearly 30 % of candidates did not attempt to answer this question about buffer equations. It was also poorly answered because equations were not used to explain buffer action or the dissociation equations for the base and acid were given rather than their reactions with H<sup>+</sup> or OH<sup>-</sup> .</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Bonds can be formed in many ways.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>The equilibrium for a mixture of NO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> gases is represented as:</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">2NO<sub>2</sub>(g) <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \rightleftharpoons ">
<mo stretchy="false">⇌<!-- ⇌ --></mo>
</math></span> N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(g)</p>
<p>At 100°C, the equilibrium constant, <em>K</em><sub>c</sub>, is 0.21.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Bonds can be formed in many ways.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Discuss the bonding in the resonance structures of ozone.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce one resonance structure of ozone and the corresponding formal charges on each oxygen atom.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The first six ionization energies, in kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>, of an element are given below.</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2017-09-21_om_08.29.16.png" alt="M17/4/CHEMI/HP2/ENG/TZ2/04.c"></p>
<p>Explain the large increase in ionization energy from IE<sub>3</sub> to IE<sub>4</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>At a given time, the concentration of NO<sub>2</sub>(g) and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(g) were 0.52 and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="0.10{\text{ mol}}\,{\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 3}}">
<mn>0.10</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> mol</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span> respectively.</p>
<p>Deduce, showing your reasoning, if the forward or the reverse reaction is favoured at this time.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Comment on the value of Δ<em>G</em> when the reaction quotient equals the equilibrium constant, <em>Q</em> = <em>K</em>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>lone pair on p orbital «of O atom» overlaps/delocalizes with pi electrons «from double bond»</p>
<p>both O–O bonds have equal bond length<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>both O–O bonds have same/1.5 bond order<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>both O–O are intermediate between O–O <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>O=O </p>
<p>both O–O bonds have equal bond energy</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “p/pi/<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\pi ">
<mi>π</mi>
</math></span> electrons are delocalized/not localized”.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[3 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 1:</strong></em></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAHAAAAA/CAYAAAA47kzyAAAGLElEQVR4Ae1cPyw8TxSf46fwP3GJCoVCQnISQiFEJ0FDgkJEd6VERa9Q0JBDpbiI+ugkQkcoOCdR6QiFhkQEOXKZXz6bvPvuze3u7Y49dvfmJZvZPzOzbz6fN+/NjudCnHPOlPgWgTLfaq4U1xBQBPrcEBSBikCfI+Bz9dUMVAT6HAGfq69moCLQ5wj4XH01AxWBPkfA5+r/53P9NfVDoZDjYQRlBzEQBAaFDMdWyBhTMVAGNQ+1UQR6iAwZVRSBMqh5qE3gCDw/P2cjIyOstraWYXHT2dnJVldX2dfXl4dgd0+VUJD+oLu1tcXm5+dZX18fm5ycZPX19SyZTLJ4PM46OjrY8fExq6urcw89L/QEAoMgyWSSl5eX86Wlpbzh3Nzc8HA4zGdmZvKe+f0G8/sASP/p6Wne3t7OM5kM3copY7GYRvD9/T3HERQJTAw8OTlhQ0NDrKzMeEjj4+Msk8mwo6Mj7fCC93NDh0B8yAOIx8dH1tLSYopJc3Oz9gz1giTG5urDEVZVVbF0Om2q+fv7u/YM9XCQXF9fs5eXF7r0XRkYAiORCLu6ujIl4PLyUnvW3d3NcJB0dXWxcDjM9vb22OfnJ932TxmUYL65uckrKip4KpXKGxIWNqOjo7y1tZV/f39rB1V6fn7mCwsLyI3lvb29/PT0lB75ovTlKvTj44NvbGxooD88PGhAg5jBwUHe2NjI9/f3syTd3d3xqakpbQV6cHBgSsrt7S0fGxvT+kSJaz+I7whMJBLaTMGMWV5e5iCT5O3tjc/OzmpkVVdXa99+qIeZZ0UetUd5eHiY7R8zEzPUy+IbAuEaaYYAWKsZ8vT0xEH07u4uv7i4yPs2xLOdnZ0c8vUkwShQB+TjsKqrb/cX554nEC6SYhQIdCNGgRAQg5iHGWcmmH2Y5VQXpHpNPEsgwKM4B6ABnt5d/hRIzOBoNKqRUyjmiXWNFko/1Ue2vecIJPcF0mD5ILGYcQgzmt5VKOahrt6N0wJKFnw32nmKQBEgqzjnxuCpDzIaGAwOq5hHdYn0YhsY6WhWShPopvWBKH2c+ysX5STmFdvFmxEm3ndMoH6QVgsA8UVG10YgGNX77XtOYp5ofG4sspyM1zaB5DrsuJlCCoh9wQ3hntdEjI9WXsfJZ46b47RFoDgQzBxZEfuyAkX2HW62c2psWC3/Zny0JFB0JbiWFbGvv4pzsvo7cfcgnT6B4LGK+f1oSKA+zsGafqKA2NdP46YsAW61E2OelSHCu9DiTNb4yQOY6Z9DIFXWuwDckxHqy42YKfP+YrdBKLD7TSiLIcYA4oGhmQHkEIiZhsqwGrPYdHZ2xoeHh3lNTY1WNxKJ8JWVFZ5Op7OYQWEygkIfx9lGPjwhI6Wx2lmM2cFPD4UjAuHuzIhDp/ibGzK/BgYG+Pr6Oo/H43xubo5j5x+DeH191d6NfmAMZlajVzAI5xgvxTzgYBZy7OKnx8QRgfqG4nmppu2JOFhdA2yKeXCv+skgix9cNbyivi+9DjkuVP9APC/VtD0RBzvXAB0b5ShJZPGjsEb9iGU2Jwb5IFbJPaWatieTHNPf38+2t7cZSpJi4ZclEC9Aco9Z2p2TtD2zPmgwpVgWC78sgT09PRqusVjMEF/ZtD3DzkrwZrHwyyb2NjQ0sEQiwSYmJlg0GmVtbW05MDtJ28tpqC40BIqGnz4o0vcbVlCiyKbtif2U6rUsfoUWMXmrUFq2ilteP03bK1XiaNyy+DkmEC/EEhgfpOIWkEzaHvoQ+6FBlVopg58UgfT1j9QCIymUtkdtMIthCDAIJf8QsIsfWhCG/1rnnuW5UHpM6XTYJnIqMADK+EKJayXyCFhxYEogGtHGtt1Xow0Rj5knxlG7/ah69hEwJRBdkP8tNIMQ41AXpIF0q6wu+6qpmnYQsCQQxIAUo88K6lzMBTHbdKX6pVjCqGUOO1hld2KMvrcrKyvZ2tqa0SNty21xcZHh/+sgqVRK+zmPpqYmw/qlfBM/BSZz2MFM6mdGsOmNfVMIdm/wuywgW8nvIyBFIP5ygc1v7J9iC07J3yEgReDfqaveLCJgGQPFyuraewgoAr3HiSONFIGO4PJeZUWg9zhxpNH/jl9vUfd+FtUAAAAASUVORK5CYII="></p>
<p>FC: –1 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>+1 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>0</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 2:</strong></em></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>FC: 0 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>+1 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>–1</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept any combination of lines, dots or crosses to represent electrons.</em></p>
<p><em>Do not accept structure that represents 1.5 bonds.</em></p>
<p><em>Do not penalize missing lone pairs if already penalized in 3(b).</em></p>
<p><em>If resonance structure is incorrect, no ECF.</em></p>
<p><em>Any one of the structures with correct formal charges for <strong>[2 max]</strong>.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any two of:</em><br>IE<sub>4</sub>: electron in lower/inner shell/energy level<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>IE<sub>4</sub>: more stable/full electron shell</p>
<p>IE<sub>4</sub>: electron closer to nucleus<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>IE<sub>4</sub>: electron more tightly held by nucleus</p>
<p>IE<sub>4</sub>: less shielding by complete inner shells</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “increase in effective nuclear charge” for M2.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«<em>Q</em><sub>c</sub> = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{0.10}}{{{{0.52}^2}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>0.10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>0.52</mn>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> =» 0.37<br>reaction proceeds to the left/NO<sub>2</sub>(g) «until Q = <em>K</em><sub>c</sub>»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>reverse reaction «favoured»</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do not award M2 without a calculation for M1 but remember to apply ECF.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[2 marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Δ<em>G</em> = 0<br>reaction at equilibrium<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>rate of forward and reverse reaction is the same<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>constant macroscopic properties</p>
<p><em><strong>[2 marks]</strong></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Cobalt forms the transition metal complex [Co(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> (H<sub>2</sub>O)Cl]Br.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Trends in physical and chemical properties are useful to chemists.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why the melting points of the group 1 metals (Li → Cs) decrease down the group whereas the melting points of the group 17 elements (F → I) increase down the group.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the shape of the complex ion.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the charge on the complex ion and the oxidation state of cobalt.</p>
<p><img 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QIIIIAAAggggAAC4yJAMDEu7HSKAAIIIIAAAggggED2CxBMZP8aMgMEEEAAAQQQQAABBMZFgGBiXNjpFAEEEEAAAQQQQACB7BcgmMj+NWQGCCCAAAIIIIAAAgiMiwDBxLiw0ykCCCCAAAIIIIAAAtkvQDCR/WvIDBBAAAEEEEAAAQQQGBeBSRFMRLoDKnO55K0Lqi8TY+SsAmVeubwbFeyLZCh1Td2B5XK5ilQXvJyhjDTZ+xNWkjgW7H8Ak/1YZ372Ik/E340ce9H/AU3IteF3I78b46dHHJ+xf6a37Bw07pqFP1yWZVkul0uWZWXh8BkyAggggAACCCCAAAIIjKXASLHCpLgyMZZ4tI0AAggggAACCCCAAAJmAYIJswupCCCAAAIIIIAAAggg4CBAMOEARDYCCCCAAAIIIIAAAgiYBQgmzC6kIoAAAggggAACCCCAgIMAwYQDENkIIIAAAggggAACCCBgFiCYMLuQigACCCCAAAIIIIAAAg4CBBMOQGQjgAACCCCAAAIIIICAWYBgwuxCKgIIIIAAAggggAACCDgIEEw4AJGNAAIIIIAAAggggAACZgGCCbMLqQgggAACCCCAAAIIIOAgQDDhAEQ2AggggAACCCCAAAIImAUIJswupCKAAAIIIIAAAggggICDAMGEAxDZCCCAAAIIIIAAAgggYBYgmDC7kIoAAggggAACCCCAAAIOAgQTDkBkI4AAAggggAACCCCAgFmAYMLsQioCCCCAAAIIIIAAAgg4CBBMOACRjQACCCCAAAIIIIAAAmYBggmzC6kIIIAAAggggAACCCDgIEAw4QBENgIIIIAAAggggAACCJgFCCbMLqQigAACCCCAAAIIIICAgwDBhAMQ2QgggAACCCCAAAIIIGAWIJgwu5CKAAIIIIAAAggggAACDgIEEw5AZCOAAAIIIIAAAggggIBZgGDC7EIqAggggAACCCCAAAIIOAgQTDgAkY0AAggggAACCCCAAAJmAYIJswupCCCAAAIIIIAAAggg4CBAMOEARDYCCCCAAAIIIIAAAgiYBQgmzC6kIoAAAggggAACCCCAgIMAwYQDENkIIIAAAggggAACCCBgFiCYMLuQigACCCCAAAIIIIAAAg4CBBMOQGQjgAACCCCAAAIIIICAWYBgwuxCKgIIIIAAAggggAACCDgIEEw4AJGNAAIIIIAAAggggAACZgGCCbMLqQgggAACCCCAAAIIIOAgQDDhAEQ2AggggAACCCCAAAIImAUIJswupCKAAAIIIIAAAggggICDAMGEAxDZCCCAAAIIIIAAAgggYBYgmDC7kIoAAggggAACCCCAAAIOAgQTDkBkI4AAAggggAACCCCAgFmAYMLsQioCCCCAAAIIIIAAAgg4CBBMOACRjQACCCCAAAIIIIAAAmYBggmzC6kIIIAAAggggAACCCDgIEAw4QBENgIIIIAAAggggAACCJgFCCbMLqQigAACCCCAAAIIIICAgwDBhAMQ2QgggAACCCCAAAIIIGAWIJgwu5CKAAIIIIAAAggggAACDgIEEw5AZCOAAAIIIIAAAggggIBZgGDC7EIqAggggAACCCCAAAIIOAgQTDgAkY0AAggggAACCCCAAAJmgSwPJiLq725XS6BOC1wuuaJ/vVpQt1dHusKKmOecMTXSHVCZq0h1wcsZy6gvqDqvV2WBszfQvj3OY2rYeEDd8UGNqq/Mo7jFOcPHN7oObrbe6Fo3luo/q5a6svhaL1eg+5qx2GdPvKbuwHK5ygLJNbvpNiNnFSibnXLM9Kn7+Mva+PqNHEM33TsVEUAAAQQQQACBMRPI4mDiusLBzVrsq9aRj0v006sDsixL1kCXGv7yiloWF2rhxuMK30BE4c6v1DGrU9tK7rrF4B+ro/EZ1XQNnviOXV83M/Th4xtdKzdbb3StDy91Td2HNmlp01+ouedTWdYhVebfPrzYRE/p61RjxY/UNTDRB8r4EEAAAQQQQACBkQW+MHL2RM2NqL9rjx5a+KZmNb+lveX3KBkVuT0qLF+nPffkaHHROj1blJY/UafEuG5AIE93TsnSQ/cGZklRBBBAAAEEEEBgogskz8En+kCHju9jdRz6mdpLn1bdkpRAIlnIrdzClXqu9osKrPmp2vv+U/1dO7XAVaCqlguD25P6O9SwwCtvVYsuRqThW4+uK9zVooaKgti2Gm+FGt7+QJeS/cReRMJdammokDe51apMdYGguvvtyyKXFaz7thZu75Jaq+TLiW2jGt6XvWUoqEByC4+9XSugYHdfvLeI+oIb5XUt195gu15PlitQRcOxeF9pA0u+7VN3MKC6Bd6UrWCJts3js6vezLyiXUbC6no9ZevZgjoFgt3qT44nw4v+bgVTt6yl1otuFZolX9UbUvglLbwjR966oBI66S1Gwh0ORukmqWuW2tq/6/TxnarwxrbReSt26nhyTWLlRnZKbUuKbpObs1Dbw2G1Vt2rHO9GBfsi8WPvRrfPpbXNWwQQQAABBBBA4PMWsOy9QbJ3CGXRnyttVq1Hlqe2zbqScdgD1pW2DZZHhVZt268ty/qN1Vn/oCXPaqu551PDe8saCDVapcnyA9bVzh2WX6VWbfMZ66rdz9UzVnNtqSV5rNLGM9ZANO2kVe8vtB7e8Z7VG02wrIHeVmuD/88tf/3JWD3r11ZbbaGl0kYrlCiT3teZfdbDnrmD7Qz0Wid3PGx59KBV3/kby7IS85El/warORSb+fC+0kHi8/BUWo1n4loDPVbbhtKU8Qwfn3X15uZlDZy3mivnWp6Hd1sne23nAetqfG6VzedjZulDjDqeshofTq33qdV7crf1sMeT4vh7K9S4zJJng9V2JQ5paGugp9mqtOvVNluhqwOWdTXedmWz1ROtdsU601hpeTwPWztO9kbHNND7nrXj4bmW/DusTruOFe9LSpnLFSvUvMHyJ9fEPiZG4TRwxmos/fPBYyZ6/KYcQ4Y5kIQAAggggAACCEwUgZFihay8MhG5dF4fhj0q8HmV6xh99erD85cV0Z0qfGKT6n0tWrPpH3W24zWtr7mgyt01WjL9NkMrsasfodo6PVM+J9ZP7hyVP1OnWk+ieER9HYe1I1SqiqpvyhPXdHv+mx5Z+XW1Hz+t3lHds/GxOl57RccX/VBb194Xa8ftUfHTf6f9tZdUs7El5SbgQtU+t07l+XnRQbg9X9O3iu8coa/r6v3Xn6u94D7dH68j93SVbD0m61il8o1HwM3OK6K+9p9qTeBebXmmSsUe29Wt3Dkr9cr+xXo7epXIBGL3d0DPHp+v3Vsfi9e7TZ7iJ/XK/kcUqmnQoVHfaH1N5479gwJ6RM89s0T5uW4p98v6XsViKfAPOnbumtTXqdee7dCi3S9obbEnukXO7blPT7+yS7Whem081D149cqzOmVMecovX6fnai9px6EP1KebdUocP/xEAAEEEEAAAQSyW+APa+N5bpGeaKjRPxUt070Bj/z1h7Ur9X6L1LXs+4WONfWqYEtawJLrla/gj/RhtKxbeSVb1dtrb1F6Vy3vfGxvDtInJ/eqanurVPrt1BYzv0729eVkQBIrnKsZvllS0zn19Ec0zdjC0DL5eenRwW3yfvWb8lf9WI2H/0JlGtCM0r+KnWQb27MTb3ZeH6vzWKvCnlLNnJYaoLmVO2O2CsI/1rHOdSoZdoN7vF7B/9DcaACSGFi8nloV6umX8p1DR0XO672D70kF39YMO5CI/onPx74GZwcAwXfUFL5XW+b+yeC9NnZWdG2lplCv+jUzVrXg62ljinmHn31Hnc/4VXIr1j/WE/9FAAEEEEAAAQSyTiBxtpVVA3dPm6l5nrBORU/6nIbu1byZd8VPGt3K/Vq5qivnSvq6HlyQn/HKRuzqh1PbkvpPK1DxVU3xPaRXTv5H9ET8zrLt6mxcJp2KBQFOrTj2FT6n85euOzWTId++f2StjoYa9JefvKXNSxfINyVHrtT7EUw1P8u84vc0xB7VG7vXIMdXpVZTP3Za5LLOf9ibKVdS4urSCEVGnXVdl86fU3iE8uEPz+uS6QKKqc5ncTK1RxoCCCCAAAIIIJBFAtl5ZSLvKypbWajt8ZO+YR/GRxdg8FPysqKp8SW5rouH67Um8EX5/WdVs/41LTi6VoXJT7AHVy4WsCh+BWIwfegr+1GlL6jq+Hw19+xQeXK7lH1T80eSZg8tnuGdY1+e2bFP+nsyNOCY7FZuvl/l9t/KbdEbqw//7GWtWfiQQm3/om0l6Q18xnmVNir0dqYtVOl92fHXXZo5zzsCdmpAaKh/Q0m3adrM2fLoXMZannkzNc2tYTfaD6/wGZ2GN0gKAggggAACCCCQVQJZeWVCmqri5T+Qv3Wnth1OeTpTkt5+dGyTNm//VJW7V8kfjzYiF9/SpjUt8tX/WEf2b1dlqF7rX+00P2UoGrB4h1/96O9V6NTv4j31qyf0kZS+FSbyW31y+dPkaBxfJPp6/5dp34uRaH92ypYdx9YcC7g9hSp/vEIrPZk+8U/0m7bFx3FeU1VUVirPqQ90Opx6JcVeD/tpWpm+ZG6Eej3ndEqz5Jsxii1O9szdM3X/X98/7KpQ7OlZ9tOSupVb9C2t9JzR+6d/NXhvhF03urYaei/OsKtLMRvPym+pKO93t2b9HVeMAggggAACCCCAwMQUyNJgwt66s1oH2r6nj5Z+R4+mPhrVfixpyw6tXlwvbdihLYlHx0Yu6PCm5xXw1ajhiSLlTf+OXthdrlDNC3q16xPD6twl/1MbtahpraoDp2MBh/3tyy9u0/bkHpn4SXDrQe1rvxg7MY2E1bFrk9YETqe0Gb+vIZpyTf39/5mSZ7+cquJHq/XA289r46734wFFn84G6rRi+zTVby3PcKN0WjPGt/Fvcl6wUS3JR5r2qfudd9Shcq0qm2XfIh27NyNa3x5fXiwouOF5RZTnX6Xdi05ozca96ogGFPb9JIe1ef0eqX69lhu/ZM6tvOKHtOWBtHpnm1S9Yp98GeuZJny7Zi96TBt8h7T5R20xy8hFte87qFZ/jbYuz5c7r0iPbinW22s2aVdH/JvS7e1K1Wu13Rcvk2g6vE+bXzwcf/RufE2a/qt2P3W/8jTa9U80Fv8Zv+8m+u53/Yo+QTitCG8RQAABBBBAAIFsEMjSYMKmvU2ekufV1rtP5VODWmXfB2B/z0NOodafvEPlR7vUtvWB+A3Nie1N96i+4dH4tqbbNH1JjXZXXohud+oynNG5py/RrvYGFZz4vqbYbU9Zq5PfqFR96R/F19atPH+1ju6bp58vnKEcu8yMv9W7f1qhw821Sj70SfET3OvPypczS0sPnRv6iXj8iUd72ndp/qUX5M2x7zOYoydD92l/6IDWF975GY6l25X/yC51Vk/VEf8d8e+ZuEP+I1NVffSZ+JOs0sf3kXJvdl7ue1S+q1n75/+b6rxflMuVoyn+I7q7+qAOrCvOeI+Kcueqck9avSd/qfn723V0/Qj1DDJuzwPacuCAHhloiFnmfEObB1ao88Dq+NrnaU7lTrXvn69LdYWxdZvyNwrN36VQ+ra30qdUXXJBL+bbx9cdKjkxV6+3b41vaRvt+qcN0j1Li+pW6rr9PRN/XKlD567xPRNpRLxFAAEEEEAAgewQcNnPr7VPwmNfN5Edg2aUCCCAAAIIIIAAAggg8PkIjBQrZPGVic8Hj14QQAABBBBAAAEEEEDALEAwYXYhFQEEEEAAAQQQQAABBBwECCYcgMhGAAEEEEAAAQQQQAABswDBhNmFVAQQQAABBBBAAAEEEHAQIJhwACIbAQQQQAABBBBAAAEEzAIEE2YXUhFAAAEEEEAAAQQQQMBBgGDCAYhsBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQQMAsQTJhdSEUAAQQQQAABBBBAAAEHAYIJByCyEUAAAQQQQAABBBBAwCxAMGF2IRUBBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQcBAgmHIDIRgABBBBAAAEEEEAAAbMAwYTZhVQEEEAAAQQQQAABBHA7dwUAAARsSURBVBBwECCYcAAiGwEEEEAAAQQQQAABBMwCBBNmF1IRQAABBBBAAAEEEEDAQYBgwgGIbAQQQAABBBBAAAEEEDALEEyYXUhFAAEEEEAAAQQQQAABBwGCCQcgshFAAAEEEEAAAQQQQMAsQDBhdiEVAQQQQAABBBBAAAEEHAQIJhyAyEYAAQQQQAABBBBAAAGzAMGE2YVUBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQQcBAgmHAAIhsBBBBAAAEEEEAAAQTMAgQTZhdSEUAAAQQQQAABBBBAwEGAYMIBiGwEEEAAAQQQQAABBBAwCxBMmF1IRQABBBBAAAEEEEAAAQcBggkHILIRQAABBBBAAAEEEEDALEAwYXYhFQEEEEAAAQQQQAABBBwECCYcgMhGAAEEEEAAAQQQQAABswDBhNmFVAQQQAABBBBAAAEEEHAQIJhwACIbAQQQQAABBBBAAAEEzAKTIpiIdAdU5nLJWxdUn3meUuSsAmVeubwbFeyLZCh1Td2B5XK5ilQXvJyhjDTZ+8PKXnqOBVthsh/rzM9e5In4u5FjL/o/oAm5Nvxu5Hdj9OicoL87Pu/j81b+roq7ZuEPl2VZlsvlkmVZWTh8howAAggggAACCCCAAAJjKTBSrDAprkyMJR5tI4AAAggggAACCCCAgFmAYMLsQioCCCCAAAIIIIAAAgg4CBBMOACRjQACCCCAAAIIIIAAAmYBggmzC6kIIIAAAggggAACCCDgIEAw4QBENgIIIIAAAggggAACCJgFCCbMLqQigAACCCCAAAIIIICAgwDBhAMQ2QgggAACCCCAAAIIIGAWIJgwu5CKAAIIIIAAAggggAACDgIEEw5AZCOAAAIIIIAAAggggIBZgGDC7EIqAggggAACCCCAAAIIOAgQTDgAkY0AAggggAACCCCAAAJmAYIJswupCCCAAAIIIIAAAggg4CBAMOEARDYCCCCAAAIIIIAAAgiYBQgmzC6kIoAAAggggAACCCCAgIMAwYQDENkIIIAAAggggAACCCBgFiCYMLuQigACCCCAAAIIIIAAAg4CBBMOQGQjgAACCCCAAAIIIICAWYBgwuxCKgIIIIAAAggggAACCDgIEEw4AJGNAAIIIIAAAggggAACZgGCCbMLqQgggAACCCCAAAIIIOAgQDDhAEQ2AggggAACCCCAAAIImAUIJswupCKAAAIIIIAAAggggICDAMGEAxDZCCCAAAIIIIAAAgggYBYgmDC7kIoAAggggAACCCCAAAIOAgQTDkBkI4AAAggggAACCCCAgFmAYMLsQioCCCCAAAIIIIAAAgg4CBBMOACRjQACCCCAAAIIIIAAAmYBggmzC6kIIIAAAggggAACCCDgIEAw4QBENgIIIIAAAggggAACCJgFCCbMLqQigAACCCCAAAIIIICAg4BLkuVQhmwEEEAAAQQQQAABBBD4AxewrOFhwxdMiX/gTkwfAQQQQAABBBBAAAEERiHANqdRIFEEAQQQQAABBBBAAAEEhgv8fwDwixq1dCUEAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe, in terms of acid-base theories, the type of reaction that takes place between the cobalt ion and water to form the complex ion.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any three of:</em></p>
<p><em>Group 1:</em><br>atomic/ionic radius increases</p>
<p>smaller charge density</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>force of attraction between metal ions and delocalised electrons decreases</p>
<p><em>Do not accept discussion of attraction between valence electrons and nucleus for M2.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “weaker metallic bonds” for M2.</em></p>
<p><em>Group 17:</em><br>number of electrons/surface area/molar mass increase</p>
<p>London/dispersion/van der Waals’/vdw forces increase</p>
<p><em>Accept “atomic mass” for “molar mass”.</em></p>
<p><strong><em>[Max 3 Marks]</em></strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«distorted» octahedral</p>
<p><em>Accept “square bipyramid”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Charge on complex ion:</em> 1+/+<br><em>Oxidation state of cobalt:</em> +2</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Lewis «acid-base reaction»</p>
<p>H2O: electron/e<sup>–</sup> pair donor</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>Co<sup>2+</sup>: electron/e<sup>–</sup> pair acceptor</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Ethyne, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>, reacts with oxygen in welding torches.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Ethyne reacts with steam.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> (g) + H<sub>2</sub>O (g) → C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O (g)</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Two possible products are:</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="images/4c.PNG" alt width="316" height="190"></span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Product <strong>B</strong>, CH<sub>3</sub>CHO, can also be synthesized from ethanol.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Write an equation for the complete combustion of ethyne.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Deduce the Lewis (electron dot) structure of ethyne.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Compare, giving a reason, the length of the bond between the carbon atoms in ethyne with that in ethane, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Identify the type of interaction that must be overcome when liquid ethyne vaporizes.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the name of product <strong>B</strong>, applying IUPAC rules.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Determine the enthalpy change for the reaction, in kJ, to produce <strong>A</strong> using section 11 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The enthalpy change for the reaction to produce B is −213 kJ.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Predict, giving a reason, which product is the most stable.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The IR spectrum and low resolution <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum of the actual product formed are shown.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="images/1civ.PNG" alt width="606" height="608"></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Deduce whether the product is </span><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">A</strong><span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"> or </span><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">B</strong><span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">, using evidence from these spectra together with sections 26 and 27 of the data booklet.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Identity of product:</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">One piece of evidence from IR:</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">One piece of evidence from <sup>1</sup>H NMR:</span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Deduce the splitting pattern you would expect for the signals in a high resolution <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2.3 ppm:</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">9.8 ppm:</span></span></span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Suggest the reagents and conditions required to ensure a good yield of product <strong>B</strong>.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Reagents: </span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Conditions:</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Deduce the average oxidation state of carbon in product <strong>B</strong>.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Explain why product <strong>B</strong> is water soluble.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> (g) + 2.5O<sub>2</sub> (g) → 2CO<sub>2</sub> (g) + H<sub>2</sub>O (l)</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> (g) + 5O<sub>2</sub> (g) <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">→</span> 4CO<sub>2</sub> (g) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O (l) <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/1bi.PNG" alt width="291" height="27"> <strong>[<span style="background-color: #ffffff;">✔</span>]</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><strong>Note: </strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept any valid combination of lines, dots and crosses.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«ethyne» shorter <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>a greater number of shared/bonding electrons</span></p>
<p><em><strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">OR</span></strong></em></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«ethyne» shorter <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>stronger bond <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">London/dispersion/instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">ethanal <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«sum of bond enthalpies of reactants =» 2(C<span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">—</span>H)+C ≡ C + 2(O<span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">—</span>H)<br></span><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR<br></strong></em></span><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2 × 414 «kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>» + 839 «kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>» + 2 × 463 «kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>»<br></span><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR<br></strong></em></span><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2593 «kJ» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«sum of bond enthalpies of A =» 3(C<span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">—</span>H) + C=C + C—O + O—H<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>3 × 414 «kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>» + 614 «kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>» + 358 «kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>» + 463 «kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>2677 «kJ» <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong><br>«enthalpy of reaction = 2593 kJ – 2677 kJ» = –84 «kJ» <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Note: </strong>Award <strong>[3]</strong> for correct final answer.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>it has a more negative/lower enthalpy/«potential» energy</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>more exothermic «enthalpy of reaction from same starting point» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Identity of product:</em> «<strong>B</strong>»</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>IR spectrum:</em><br>1700–1750 «cm<sup>–1</sup> band» <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>carbonyl/CO group present<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>no «band at» 1620–1680 «cm<sup>–1</sup>» <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>absence of double bond/C=C<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>no «broad band at» 3200–3600 «cm<sup>–1</sup> » <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>absence of hydroxyl/OH group <strong>[✔]</strong><br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum:</em><br>«only» two signals <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>A would have three<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«signal at» 9.4–10.0 «ppm» <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>«H atom/proton of» aldehyde/–CHO present<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«signal at» 2.2–2.7 «ppm» <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>«H atom/proton of alkyl/CH next to» aldehyde/CHO present<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«signal at» 2.2–2.7 «ppm» <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>«H atom/proton of» RCOCH<sub>2-</sub> present<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>no «signal at» 4.5–6.0 «ppm» <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>absence of «H atom/proton next to» double bond/C=C ✔</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Accept a specific value or range of wavenumbers and chemical shifts.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept “two signals with areas 1:3”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2.3 ppm: doublet <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">9.8 ppm: quartet <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Reagents</em>:<br>acidified/H<sup>+</sup> <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>«potassium» dichromate«(VI)»/K<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><sup>2-</sup> <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Conditions</em>:<br>distil «the product before further oxidation» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Accept “«acidified potassium» manganate(VII)/KMnO<sub>4</sub>/MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>/permanganate”.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept “H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>” or “H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>” for “H<sup>+</sup>”.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept “more dilute dichromate(VI)/manganate(VII)” or “excess ethanol”.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Award M1 if correct reagents given under “Conditions”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">–1 <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Any three of:</em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">has an oxygen/O atom with a lone pair <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">that can form hydrogen bonds/H-bonds «with water molecules» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">hydrocarbon chain is short «so does not disrupt many H-bonds with water molecules» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«large permanent» dipole-dipole interactions with water <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>All candidates were able to write the correct reactants/products for combustion of ethyne, but a few failed to balance correctly.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most drew correct Lewis structures for ethyne, though some drew ethene.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Surprisingly very few explained the difference in bond length/strength looking at electrons shared and just gave the shorter/triple or longer/single bond answer.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Good to see that most candidates identified the specific IMF correctly.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates gave the correct IUPAC name.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Candidates were able to calculate the Δ<em>H</em> of the given reaction correctly; a few inverted the calculations or made mathematical errors.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Generally well done, most common error was stating that the enthalpy change was “larger” without the indication that it was an exothermic change or the sign.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Interpretation of spectra was very good and the few candidates that lost marks with <sup>1</sup>H NMR data rather than IR, for example simply mentioning two signals for B. However, most candidates that attempted this question got full marks.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The stronger candidates were able to predict the splitting pattern correctly, others inverted the answer, but many others repeated the information for protons with the given chemical shift, which is unexpected since wording was straightforward.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Candidates seemed to be confused by the prompts, reagent and conditions, so often included the acid among conditions. Careless errors were common such as the wrong charge on the dichromate ion. Few candidates suggest permanganate as an option.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates were able to calculate oxidation state of carbon in B.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Candidates did not understand that they must mention the IMF responsible for the solubility. Most candidates explained the polarity of the aldehyde and water but did not mention that this results in permanent dipole-dipole interactions; many did mention H-bonding. The mention of the lone pair on O atom and short hydrocarbon chain were very rare.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Sulfur trioxide is produced from sulfur dioxide.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">2SO<sub>2 </sub>(g) + O<sub>2 </sub>(g) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>⇌</mo></math> 2SO<sub>3 </sub>(g) Δ<em>H</em> = −196 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>The reaction between sulfur dioxide and oxygen can be carried out at different temperatures.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline, giving a reason, the effect of a catalyst on a reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>On the axes, sketch Maxwell–Boltzmann energy distribution curves for the reacting species at two temperatures T<sub>1</sub> <strong>and</strong> T<sub>2</sub>, where T<sub>2</sub> > T<sub>1</sub>.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain the effect of increasing temperature on the yield of SO<sub>3</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw the Lewis structure of SO<sub>3</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain the electron domain geometry of SO<sub>3</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the product formed from the reaction of SO<sub>3</sub> with water.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the meaning of a strong Brønsted–Lowry acid.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>increases rate <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>lower <em>E</em><sub>a</sub> ✔</p>
<p>provides alternative pathway «with lower <em>E</em><sub>a</sub>»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>more/larger fraction of molecules have the «lower» <em>E</em><sub>a</sub> ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept description of how catalyst lowers E<sub>a</sub> for M2 (e.g. “reactants adsorb on surface «of catalyst»”, “reactant bonds weaken «when adsorbed»”, “helps favorable orientation of molecules”).</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="344" height="243"></p>
<p>both axes correctly labelled ✔</p>
<p>peak of T<sub>2</sub> curve lower <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>to the right of T<sub>1</sub> curve ✔</p>
<p>lines begin at origin <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>correct shape of curves <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>T<sub>2</sub> must finish above T<sub>1</sub> ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “probability «density» / number of particles / N / fraction” on y-axis.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “kinetic E/KE/E<sub>k</sub>” but not just “Energy/E” on x-axis.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>decrease <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>equilibrium shifts left / favours reverse reaction ✔</p>
<p>«forward reaction is» exothermic / ΔH is negative ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="133" height="112">✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Note:</em></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="489" height="244"></p>
<p><em>Accept any of the above structures as formal charge is not being assessed.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>three electron domains «attached to the central atom» ✔</p>
<p>repel/as far away as possible /120° «apart» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>sulfuric acid/H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept “disulfuric acid/H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>fully ionizes/dissociates ✔</p>
<p>proton/H<sup>+</sup> «donor »✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Overall well answered though some answers were directed to explain the specific example rather than the simple and standard definition of the effect of a catalyst.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Few got the 3 marks for this standard question (average mark 1.7), the most common error being incomplete/incorrect labelling of axes, curves beginning above 0 on y-axis or inverted curves.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Many candidates got one mark at least, sometimes failing to state the effect on the production of SO<sub>3</sub> though they knew this quite obviously. This failure to read the question properly also resulted in an incorrect prediction based exclusively on kinetics instead of using the information provided to guide their answers.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Drawing the Lewis structure of SO<sub>3</sub> proved to be challenging, with lots of incorrect shapes, lone pair on S, etc.; accepting all resonant structures allowed many candidates to get the mark which was fair considering no formal charge estimation was required.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most were focussed on the shape itself instead of explaining what led them to suggest that shape; number of electron domains allowed most candidates to get one mark and eventually a mention of bond angles resulted in only 35% getting both marks. In general, students were not able to provide clear explanations for the shape (not a language issue) but rather were happy to state the molecular geometry which they knew, but wasn't what was actually required for the mark.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>6(d)(i)-(ii): These simple questions could be expected to be answered by all HL candidates. However 20% of the candidates suggested hydroxides or hydrogen as products of an aqueous dissolution of sulphur oxide. In the case of the definition of a strong Brønsted-Lowry acid, only 50% got both marks, often failing to define "strong" but in other cases defining them as bases even.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The properties of elements can be predicted from their position in the periodic table.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why Si has a smaller atomic radius than Al.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why the first ionization energy of sulfur is lower than that of phosphorus.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the condensed electron configurations for Cr and Cr3<sup>+</sup>.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="768" height="190"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe metallic bonding and how it contributes to electrical conductivity.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce, giving a reason, which complex ion [Cr(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> or [Cr(OH)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> absorbs higher energy light. Use section 15 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>[Cr(OH)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> forms a green solution. Estimate a wavelength of light absorbed by this complex, using section 17 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the Lewis (electron dot) structure and molecular geometry of sulfur tetrafluoride, SF<sub>4</sub>, and sulfur dichloride, SCl<sub>2</sub>.</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest, giving reasons, the relative volatilities of SCl<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>nuclear charge/number of protons/Z/Z<sub>eff</sub> increases «causing a stronger pull on the outer electrons» ✓</p>
<p>same number of shells/«outer» energy level/shielding ✓</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>P has «three» unpaired electrons in 3p sub-level <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>S has one full 3p orbital «and two 3p orbitals with unpaired electrons»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>P: [Ne]3s<sup>2</sup>3p<sub>x</sub><sup>1</sup>3p<sub>y</sub><sup>1</sup>3p<sub>z</sub><sup>1</sup> <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>S: [Ne]3s<sup>2</sup>3p<sub>x</sub><sup>2</sup>3p<sub>y</sub><sup>1</sup>3p<sub>z</sub><sup>1</sup> ✓</p>
<p><em><br>Accept orbital diagrams for 3p sub-level for M1. Ignore other orbitals or sub-levels.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p>repulsion between paired electrons in sulfur «and therefore easier to remove» ✓</p>
<p><em><br>Accept “removing electron from S gives more stable half-filled sub-level" for M2.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Cr:</em><br>[Ar] 4s<sup>1</sup>3d<sup>5</sup> ✓</p>
<p><em><br>Cr<sup>3+</sup>:</em><br>[Ar] 3d<sup>3</sup> ✓</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “[Ar] 3d<sup>5</sup>4s<sup>1</sup>”.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “[Ar] 3d<sup>3</sup>4s<sup>0</sup>”.</em></p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[1 max]</strong> for two correct full electron configurations “1s<sup>2</sup>2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>6</sup>3s<sup>2</sup>3p<sup>6</sup>4s<sup>1</sup>3d<sup>5</sup> <strong>AND</strong> 1s<sup>2</sup>2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>6</sup>3s<sup>2</sup>3p<sup>6</sup>3d<sup>3</sup>”.</em></p>
<p><em>Award<strong> [1 max]</strong> for 4s<sup>1</sup>3d<sup>5</sup> <strong>AND</strong> 3d<sup>3</sup>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>electrostatic attraction ✓</p>
<p>between «a lattice of» cations/positive «metal» ions <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>«a sea of» delocalized electrons ✓</p>
<p>mobile electrons responsible for conductivity<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>electrons move when a voltage/potential difference/electric field is applied ✓</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept “nuclei” for “cations/positive ions” in M2.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “mobile/free” for “delocalized” electrons in M2.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “electrons move when connected to a cell/battery/power supply” <strong>OR</strong> “electrons move when connected in a circuit” for M3.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>[Cr(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> <em><strong>AND</strong></em> CN<sup>−</sup>/ligand causes larger splitting «in d-orbitals compared to OH<sup>−</sup>»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>[Cr(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>CN<sup>−</sup>/ligand associated with a higher Δ/«crystal field» splitting energy/energy difference «in the spectrochemical series compared to OH<sup>−</sup> » ✓</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “[Cr(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3−</sup> <strong>AND</strong> «CN<sup>−</sup>» strong field ligand”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>any value or range between 647 and 700 nm ✓</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>SF<sub>4</sub>/SCl<sub>2</sub> structure does not have to be 3-D for mark.<br><br>Penalize missing lone pairs of electrons on halogens once only.<br><br>Accept any combination of dots, lines or crosses for bonds/lone pairs.<br><br>Accept “non-linear” for SCl<sub>2</sub> molecular geometry.<br><br>Award <strong>[1]</strong> for two correct electron domain geometries, e.g. trigonal bipyramidal for SF<sub>4</sub> and tetrahedral for SCl<sub>2</sub>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>H<sub>2</sub>O forms hydrogen bonding «while SCl<sub>2</sub> does not» ✓</p>
<p>SCl<sub>2</sub> «much» stronger London/dispersion/«instantaneous» induced dipole-induced dipole forces ✓</p>
<p><em><strong><br>Alternative 1:</strong></em><br>H<sub>2</sub>O less volatile <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>hydrogen bonding stronger «than dipole–dipole and dispersion forces» ✓</p>
<p><em><strong><br>Alternative 2:</strong></em><br>SCl<sub>2</sub> less volatile <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>effect of dispersion forces «could be» greater than hydrogen bonding ✓</p>
<p><em><br>Ignore reference to Van der Waals.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “SCl<sub>2</sub> has «much» larger molar mass/electron density” for M2.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>White phosphorus is an allotrope of phosphorus and exists as P<sub>4</sub>.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>An equilibrium exists between PCl<sub>3</sub> and PCl<sub>5</sub>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">PCl<sub>3 </sub>(g) + Cl<sub>2 </sub>(g) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>⇌</mo></math> PCl<sub>5 </sub>(g)</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch the Lewis (electron dot) structure of the P<sub>4</sub> molecule, containing only single bonds.</p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write an equation for the reaction of white phosphorus (P<sub>4</sub>) with chlorine gas to form phosphorus trichloride (PCl<sub>3</sub>).</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the electron domain and molecular geometry using VSEPR theory, and estimate the Cl–P–Cl bond angle in PCl<sub>3</sub>.</p>
<p><img 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QjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABmmcwrwnI5+kut9u69ZmhTZUh54F6oWCxcu3H3dnyBaqcvV+gwq8C6zkeX0A1zq6r7lqM2VxUBbXBt0BvVbAyAACg5Wv+Z8yr39b6wHHnTtTn2rt5vUqce2iOalTx53ka49utc84eAACAlqx5B/Pv9FV63FF9UPZ3nXfOPLRfm1cElZ6e4uwAAAAAzNa8g3nKfRo14kaVrPir9sYk89Dev2pFcIhG/fC7zh5HVVCbiguVEylxsctgxsrnD6jiwkoYx1lVBJarMCettr07UwW+9QpWxT6hYZs05RQuV6Di7EXKVD6Vv6Cf3J65CjRaoVGp4KbimP6sW06hlgUqnA8fzvNz8lUQbZNbrGBjc4iUgoxVn7rjWiBfQeZ5Y4cqtmlZ4X11Y/UpmK8NwcraByNCVjebVHxem7nyX3A8hXqlbiy7zWJtC+5qML7/vLW7+NhVCvjuVeYEv7Xt14TMlNo1jKyn1U9Bfv1raN8azj+0R8W5aepTuMlaTbuvbKvdePkpiQEAAAZr5qUsXXXb0LsUV7Jem/d+7uw7pneKX1ZwxL/rtqQ2zj5LqFz+yQ9pdNHfNWp9qcrLP9HWl3po7YT/o/x526z41pAVSAOLle+dp8PDlmhr2Wcq2/q8uq4dr9zJq3QwEgSjbWZpR+Yiq025Stf/h7qvmCLvo79T8LJrMM7qoP8Z5Y5+U9dP3aiycnvM1zW5+3oVPrRI78TW0peWSqNWqLRsu1bNylGvhq+kM98xa7vp+Q3WfMs2aur1a+Vbd9BpYKnapnn5D+u5w/fqza2fWG226qWu6zUm9xn5D1ofLCyhg6s0OfdhFR3+odaXljttNmqC93HNC5yMtIkofUOvn3hQG+018D+tm9c9q5F3j9Hvrx9r7bPWemmetGyKnnojWBvoLzl2W2VMWq2t871WQ6/mby1TyaQM1b6a1Srd3D7yGpZt9evnD3uk815/65jtD2YlN2rE0O8qQfFWX2ut13uBvMkx7wcAAADDNPNg7tI3Mu7SiLjtWrF5f23gq/yb1q+QFcpu0TcibWwhVb7zsqatkYY9P12j0xKsfW2VfOd4PTcpXaW+X+mNYH2wiwgF9cbMhSr1PKEp47+nZGulXMlDNHnqA9KaOVr4zjGr0XFtf/N1lcY9oKmTh1htXIpPy9PLH36m8lX5Sr2+tqsmC+3Tulf+pGrPSOXd3jXy4riSM/T9walWHn1fOz8+XdsuIlPDc9IU70qWx5N8wQsZ2vu2XlnTVnlTJ8ibas3X1VV3Tn5KeXFOA32u4Bu/kq90gKZMydfA5Lb1bfSmpi3cokr7Q87COVqjkXp+1gNKi7cXwWrz9AxNSi+Vb6a//kx17Bp4sjXKYw0Ul6OH8wdZ+6y1HjxM2UnVKnn3Qx1p0tiXkJWjHOs1dCUP0ENj7pdHMa9/9PsFcXdpaEZSZA8AAEBz0MyDuSWhlwZmtXPKWawAHnhbK9QwlJ3V4bK9qlaqBvXtHDPpBH371lsUp/0KHmhwzvzIh3q3pFpJQ/qpR90TXEronaEslWn1znLV1JRr5+oyKbWnutmh9atypSl/1R6V/y5LB1b55ff7tcI3Trkz/uI0iJHUU+5OFzsDHP3yq0cDeyc6+ywJ39XQEdG6+6Pa9e4HVj/91a9He2efJbKeSapeHdDHZ/+usg+OWvO7VX3t8BwV30O39r9RCn6iA9HSlHaJSujgrIGrgxI7t7MCdIZ6JzS2Lk0Y+xJVJ0l93erkbLtSh+vJvBtV8tpaldjHEvl+wXbFjbhLGY2ODQAAYKYWkFxuVN/Bt0gl27XryBEF1r8tXRDKanTqhH2G+wYldowNsy51SEhUO1Xq8Ml/OvtqhU6d1BHr73FfrnrG1jNnjte62ib1Oieq4xVZybOq2PSsctKHaPS0t7TPypmuHg/qpVnDncebKjrfhtoroZNzyjx0WiePnLEmOFfenjHzc9+mCeucq9yEqnWivLqR+Tn9VB/XydPRU+aXoSljN1mSMuxyptLX9eb24w3KWAAAAJqPFhDM26tX1lB5VKJtWzY4ZSwNQ1kbdbzBPsd6QidPxZ6KDel05UmdsVp3Sfwfzr5aro6J6qw4eWZtiNR6lze41dc8W7Z/ooNX4nuFlVv04uOLtX/YAr2367eaNMIrrzdL3XTKadBUF5vv56o8ZgVtW/SstudZbSi7cH7lJU8qo22cbnBbAfzISZ06L387/cQlKTF6lvxyNGXsJpeDu5QQKWcq04r1W7WDMhYAANBMtYBgbk2i120a4TmqZT+ZomUXlLHY2qpLSi8rZgetwHvEqUW2VerjnR+oWjcrtVu8s8/RuY8G298rbHjFl8gPF6Upt3iPQm3cuvXeFOnMSVU29cxx5V5t23yRs8KnT+pwdZxSB/WJ1LTXqtKB4H5nu6miH1YalOhU7dPOHUedO9H/aTj/i5PRK5pErnSibyrlFrtkZad22VeZiYr286VLeJow9uWciE8YpPwpd6h6xS/1zKuUsQAAgOapZaQX183KGjEgstl4KHMp4fYCPT9MWjPtOS3dY3+10C4bWaDpvlKlT/qJ7k+NqXW2uXronkdyFFeySEULtkQuqRiq2KIFRYtUkj5OM+9PtXpN0oCRP1R69R80e87G2ssuVu1SsX1JQvsXSdunWeE+Tsd/8xu9ao8ZqtC24mVa4Zy0vkB8N/VNt/JqXb10hQLLfJq9rMx6sFrHKht8QfUSXL3u0iPDzmrZ7Pny25cgDB3UphdmyVcaHdwK7/f8QMPi/qKiomJts4O3fXwLXlBRSbomzfQq1dVJt4+brGH2FzJn/EF7IscU7SfaxunusjRlbKep9fFg38Ej2huM/UDVkPNBpHqPSj+ijAUAADRPLeS0YvQMccrFQ5nLLe+c5Vo65Zt6bWi63O6eynx8n7Ln/17FEweqwflyS1t19f5CG/0T1WXNGGWmdFdK5hit6TJR/uLHlBE5U+xSfMZjKvbPUP+tT0TauNNH6LUuT2jpqsm6M7GPRv9miSZnBTTDHjMlV78+d6tGpNddGuV88f31oxeLlKeF8qa7rfZ3aPruVP10/kRrbo38kNKlOPNdkn1A0+62xx6i2eeylBcztqurV4s2rtT0Lqs1MrOn1WaARq5J1nT/S5qYUfulUVfXXM1Z9aqmdHldQyPHlKnHDw7R/Jg2X8YXj91GnQc9qMn3nJDPm6nhxaWNXNKyXu3/mlhzu6CMheuYAwCA5uG6sMXZjnwBz67xRUtl/xjQvZqgWdr6slfJzt4WwS6D8eaq6JZf6/2f38kZcwAA0CzE5u8WcsYc5wupctMM9bF/qbR4l3OmuVJB/39q8br2GjY8Q50j+1qKs6p45496rSRdj470EMoBAECzRDBvkeya+ie0fP4oqShb6ZFLEabr7sXnNGrpcs3xulvOCx/5mf6eyhz9vvrPn60ffYXyGgAAgGuJUhYAAADgGqGUBQAAADAMwRwAAAAwAMEcAAAAMADBHAAAADAAwRwAAAAwAMEcAAAAMADBHAAAADAAwRwAAAAwAMEcAAAAMADBHAAAADAAwRwAAAAwAMEcAAAAMADBHAAAADAAwRwAAAAwAMEcAAAAMADBHAAAADAAwRwAAAAwAMEcAAAAMADBHAAAADAAwRwAAAAwAMEcAAAAMADBHAAAADAAwRwAAAAwAMEcAAAAMEALCOZVCviy5XaPl7+ixtnXUBPa1ATk83SXu8CvCmdXQzWBufK4+6nA/6mz50Jf3ObrO94rM6fmdrxmzYnjvbrHa9ScmtvxGjWnVvqeuUJzap3vmSs0p1b6nrkyc2p+75nm4Lqwxdm2Fq67yss/c+4BAAAAuJpi8zelLAAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABCOYAAACAAQjmAAAAgAEI5gAAAIABmmcwrwnI5+kut7vhLU05hcXaFKx0Gl5Nn8pf0E9uz1wFapxd10SNKvzjrblnyxeocvYBAACguWneZ8zvWaCt5Z+p3LmVbV2iYYcXaXTuHG2qDDmNAAAAAPO1qFIWV/Ig5T+co7jqt7U+cNzZCwAAAJivhdaY36zUbvHOdqWCm4pVmJPmlLtkqsDnV6DirPO4U5KSP1f+ZYXKiZbF5MyQP7YkpiqoDb6x6lNXMrNc2z474zx4MQ3Htvst1LJAhSLn8yv8KnD3U77vNS0rvM9pY/ftV7Aq5oz/BWMvkK8g8xJlNGdVEVjeYM7rY/qsUsCXbe0fL3/FNa3DAQAAgKNFBfNQxXsqfvV9Zc2arvtT21t7zuqg/xnljl6kw6NWqDRS7vK8uq6dIm/+YgViw+/bv9bi3QP1Ymm51ea/lK8/aEK0JCZULv/khzRmbTc9v6FU5WUbNfX6zVpWWu08uTHRsd/U9VM3qiwy9uua3H29Ch9apHfqSm2O623fcu0eOMc6vk+0dWmetGy8cp9/x4r1lkbHXivfuoORZ18opKrAYuV75+nwsCXaWhads9Xn5FU6GBk2XhmT1qq8fIG8yW0izwIAAMC11byD+brxyoyeibZuKZk/1Jx1J6TKfyiSuSu3aOG0N6Vh0zVrdF8rjtrlLkP09HPjlF66UDPfCNaeubbFPaCpU3KVGu+y2mQpb9QAqfp97fz4tEJ739Yra9oqb+oEeVMTrE666s7JTykvznluY0L7tO6VP6naM1J5t3eNLLQrOUPfH5xa129UXN5TmuJNs46vrZJv/4FGeeJUvTqgj2usbi537FBQb8xcqFLPE5oy/ntKtga25zx56gPSmjla+M4xpyEAAABM0ryDeYMvf5aXbtD8vC5aN+cnmrmqXDWHy/RBdZxSB/WJBNRaLsV/u5/6x1UrGDykuuuYtEtUQodoozbqmHiDs12jI7u2q0QeDeyd6OyzJPTSwKwk504jXGnKX7VH5b/L0oFVfvn9fq3wjVPujL84Deq165SgDs62XB2U2Lmdc+dz7d28vpGxv6uhI1KcOw0c+VDvllQraUg/9YiZc0LvDGWpTKt3Wuvi7AUAAIA5mncwbyg+Td4p9tnkg1rz/wI6dOq4ytVOnRM7nD/RDgnqZGXf6sMnVX/e+mI+18F9QWc71g1y9/2Ws92Ys6rY9Kxy0odo9LS3tC9kLXaPB/XSrOHO401Ro1MnGjvD3V4JnRo/ZR46dVJHrL/HfbnqGfO/Ce7M8VpX2wQAAAAGalnB3BZzJtvVMUlundGRk6frS1Zspyt17IwU1yWx/kz1RbVX1x6p1t8TOnkq9lzzCZXvOuRsN6Jyi158fLH2D1ug93b9VpNGeOX1ZqmbTjkNmqKNOt7QyfrbcOzPVXms8fp2V8dEdVacPLM2ROra6/43wbmVTMqwegUAAIBpWl4wr9yrbZuPR0J3xy4pusUuWXnvQ1XUJfOQqj7+b+2wS1xSvxWpO7+0Nurcd4A82q/ggZgf8HHGuajTJ3X4gjKaKh0I7ne2m6K9emUNvXDsqn3aueOoc6eBzn002COVrPir9sZ8GgkFi5XrTlNu8Z7zP6QAAADACC0rmIcOatOcX2pZ9R2akj9ICQnf07jnR0prntOMpbsi9eShio16YfpClaaP08z7U5u0AK5ed+mRYWe17PH/UPGeyphxnAaNie+mvulWQH5trUrsb6KGKhRY5tPsZWXWg9U6Vvl5bbsvUDf27Pm1l2+0x35hlnwXuyKMq4fueSRHcSWLVLRgS+QDSahiixYULVLJZcwZAAAAX6/mndEaXJXFnZKpxw8O1ZINLyk/crnEturq/ZlWLX1CXV4boXSrTUrmNB3MLpK/+DFlxDdx+i63vHOWa8mj/1LR0HRrnCGafS5LeemXuCxLfH/96MUi5WmhvOlu6zl3aPruVP10/kR5dFQflP29aWeuo2NnH9C0u5sytj3nX2ijf6K6rBmjzBR7zmO0psvEmDlzHXMAAADTXBe2ONuRcGvXIcN09o8i3asJmqWtL3uV7OwFAABA8xKbv6lqMFpIlZtmqI/9y53FtaU4sn9N1P+fWryuvYYNz1DnyD4AAAA0dwRzo7mUcPsTWj5/lFSUHSnFcbvTdfficxq1dLnmeN28gAAAAC0EpSwAAADANUIpCwAAAGAYgjkAAABgAII5AAAAYACCOQAAAGAAgjkAAABgAII5AAAAYACCOQAAAGAAgjkAAABgAII5AAAAYACCOQAAAGAAgjkAAABgAII5AAAAYACCOQAAAGAAgjkAAABgAII5AAAAYACCOQAAAGAAgjkAAABgAII5AAAAYACCOQAAAGAAgjkAAABgAII5AAAAYACCOQAAAGAAgjkAAABgAII5AAAAYIAWEMyrFPBly+0eL39FjbOvoSa0qQnI5+kud4FfFc6uhmoCc+Vx91OB/1Nnz4W+uM3Xd7xXZk7N7XjNmhPHe3WP16g5NbfjNWpOrfQ9c4Xm1DrfM1doTq30PXNl5tT83jPNwXVhi7NtLVx3lZd/5twDAAAAcDXF5m9KWQAAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADEMwBAAAAAxDMAQAAAAMQzAEAAAADXBe2ONtyu7s7WwAAAAC+DuXln0X+nhfMAQAAAFwblLIAAAAA15z0/wG65Pwv0J8R7AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline the reason why PCl<sub>5</sub> is a non-polar molecule, while PCl<sub>4</sub>F is polar.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the standard enthalpy change (Δ<em>H</em><sup>⦵</sup>) for the forward reaction in kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Δ<em>H</em><sup>⦵</sup><sub>f</sub> PCl<sub>3 </sub>(g) = −306.4 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Δ<em>H</em><sup>⦵</sup><sub>f</sub> PCl<sub>5 </sub>(g) = −398.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the entropy change, Δ<em>S</em>, in J K<sup>−1 </sup>mol<sup>−1</sup>, for this reaction.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"> </p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><em>Chemistry 2e, Chpt. 21 Nuclear Chemistry, Appendix G: Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/g-standard-thermodynamic-properties-for- selectedsubstances# page_667adccf-f900-4d86-a13d-409c014086ea © 1999-2021, Rice University. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.</em></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the Gibbs free energy change (Δ<em>G</em>), in kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, for this reaction at 25 °C. Use section 1 of the data booklet.</p>
<p>If you did not obtain an answer in c(i) or c(ii) use −87.6 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> and −150.5 J mol<sup>−1 </sup>K<sup>−1</sup> respectively, but these are not the correct answers.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine the equilibrium constant, <em>K</em>, for this reaction at 25 °C, referring to section 1 of the data booklet.</p>
<p>If you did not obtain an answer in (c)(iii), use Δ<em>G</em> = –43.5 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, but this is not the correct answer.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the equilibrium constant expression,<em> K</em><sub>c</sub>, for this reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State, with a reason, the effect of an increase in temperature on the position of this equilibrium.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(vi).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="282" height="109"></p>
<p><em>Accept any diagram with each P joined to the other three. <br>Accept any combination of dots, crosses and lines.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>P<sub>4 </sub>(s) + 6Cl<sub>2 </sub>(g) → 4PCl<sub>3 </sub>(l) ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Electron domain geometry</em>: tetrahedral ✔</p>
<p><em>Molecular geometry</em>: trigonal pyramidal ✔</p>
<p><em>Bond angle</em>: 100«°» ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept any value or range within the range 91−108«°» for <strong>M3</strong>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>PCl<sub>5</sub> is non-polar</em>:</p>
<p>symmetrical<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>dipoles cancel ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>PCl<sub>4</sub>F is polar:</em></p>
<p>P–Cl has a different bond polarity than P–F ✔</p>
<p>non-symmetrical «dipoles»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>dipoles do not cancel ✔</p>
<p><em><br></em><em>Accept F more electronegative than/different electronegativity to Cl for <strong>M2</strong>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«−398.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> − (−306.4 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>) =» −92.5 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«ΔS = 364.5 J K<sup>–1 </sup>mol<sup>–1</sup> – (311.7 J K<sup>–1 </sup>mol<sup>–1</sup> + 223.0 J K<sup>–1 </sup>mol<sup>–1</sup>)=» –170.2 «J K<sup>–1 </sup>mol<sup>–1</sup>» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«ΔS =» –0.1702 «kJ mol<sup>–1 </sup>K<sup>–1</sup>»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>298 «K» ✔</p>
<p>«ΔG = –92.5 kJ mol<sup>–1</sup> – (298 K × –0.1702 kJ mol<sup>–1 </sup>K<sup>–1</sup>) =» –41.8 «kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[2]</strong> for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><em>If –87.6 and -150.5 are used then –42.8.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«ΔG = –41.8 kJ mol<sup>–1</sup> = <math class="wrs_chemistry" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>8</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>31</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">J</mi><mo> </mo><msup><mi>mol</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mn>1000</mn></mfrac></math> × 298 K × ln<em>K</em>»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«ΔG = –41800 J mol<sup>–1</sup> = –8.31 J mol<sup>–1 </sup>K<sup>–1</sup> × 298 K × ln<em>K</em>»<br><br>«ln<em>K</em> = =» 16.9 ✔</p>
<p>«<em>K</em> = e<sup>16.9</sup> =» 2.19 × 10<sup>7</sup> ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award<strong> [2]</strong> for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept range of 1.80 × 10<sup>6</sup>–2.60 × 10<sup>7</sup>.</em></p>
<p><em>If –43.5 is used then 4.25 × 10<sup>7</sup>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«<em>K</em><sub>c</sub> =» <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mfrac><mfenced open="[" close="]"><msub><mi>PCl</mi><mn>5</mn></msub></mfenced><mrow><mfenced open="[" close="]"><msub><mi>PCl</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mfenced><mfenced open="[" close="]"><msub><mi>Cl</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mfenced></mrow></mfrac></math> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«shifts» left/towards reactants <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>«forward reaction is» exothermic/ΔH is negative ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(vi).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(vi).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Magnetite, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, is another ore of iron that contains both Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup>.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Iron exists as several isotopes.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the ratio of Fe<sup>2+</sup>:Fe<sup>3+</sup> in Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the type of spectroscopy that could be used to determine their relative abundances.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in each species.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="502" height="151"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Iron has a relatively small specific heat capacity; the temperature of a 50 g sample rises by 44.4°C when it absorbs 1 kJ of heat energy.</p>
<p>Determine the specific heat capacity of iron, in J g<sup>−1 </sup>K<sup>−1</sup>. Use section 1 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>A voltaic cell is set up between the Fe<sup>2+ </sup>(aq) | Fe (s) and Fe<sup>3+</sup> (aq) | Fe<sup>2+</sup> (aq) half-cells.</p>
<p>Deduce the equation and the cell potential of the spontaneous reaction. Use section 24 of the data booklet.</p>
<p><img 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" width="651" height="204"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The figure shows an apparatus that could be used to electroplate iron with zinc. Label the figure with the required substances.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img 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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline why, unlike typical transition metals, zinc compounds are not coloured.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Transition metals like iron can form complex ions. Discuss the bonding between transition metals and their ligands in terms of acid-base theory.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>1:2 ✔</p>
<p><em>Accept 2 Fe<sup>3+</sup>: 1 Fe<sup>2+</sup></em><br><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept 2:1 only</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>mass «spectroscopy»/MS ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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" width="515" height="88"></p>
<p><em><br>Award <strong>[1 max]</strong> for 4 correct values.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>specific heat capacity « = <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mfrac><mi>q</mi><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>×</mo><mo>∆</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>/</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1000</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>50</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>×</mo><mn>44</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi></mrow></mfrac></math>» = 0.45 «J g<sup>−1 </sup>K<sup>−1</sup>» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Equation:</em><br>2Fe<sup>3+</sup>(aq) + Fe(s) → 3Fe<sup>2+</sup>(aq) ✔</p>
<p><em>Cell potential:</em><br>«+0.77 V − (−0.45 V) = +»1.22 «V» ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Do <strong>not</strong> accept reverse reaction or equilibrium arrow.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept negative value for M2.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>left electrode/anode labelled zinc/Zn <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>right electrode/cathode labelled iron/Fe ✔</p>
<p>electrolyte labelled as «aqueous» zinc salt/Zn<sup>2+</sup> ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept an inert conductor for the anode.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept specific zinc salts such as ZnSO<sub>4</sub>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>« <em>Zn</em><sup>2+</sup>» has a full d-shell<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>does not form « ions with» an incomplete d-shell ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Do <strong>not</strong> accept “Zn is not a transition metal”.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept zinc atoms for zinc ions.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>ligands donate pairs of electrons to metal ions<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>forms coordinate covalent/dative bond✔</p>
<p>ligands are Lewis bases<br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br>metal «ions» are Lewis acids ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The concentration of a solution of a weak acid, such as ethanedioic acid, can be determined<br>by titration with a standard solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH (aq).</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>5.00 g of an impure sample of hydrated ethanedioic acid, (COOH)<sub>2</sub>•2H<sub>2</sub>O, was dissolved in water to make 1.00 dm<sup>3</sup> of solution. 25.0 cm<sup>3</sup> samples of this solution were titrated against a 0.100 mol dm<sup>-3</sup> solution of sodium hydroxide using a suitable indicator.</p>
<p>(COOH)<sub>2</sub> (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) → (COONa)<sub>2 </sub>(aq) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O (l)</p>
<p>The mean value of the titre was 14.0 cm<sup>3</sup>.</p>
<p>(i) Suggest a suitable indicator for this titration. Use section 22 of the data booklet.</p>
<p>(ii) Calculate the amount, in mol, of NaOH in 14.0 cm<sup>3</sup> of 0.100 mol dm<sup>-3</sup> solution.</p>
<p>(iii) Calculate the amount, in mol, of ethanedioic acid in each 25.0 cm<sup>3</sup> sample.</p>
<p>(iv) Determine the percentage purity of the hydrated ethanedioic acid sample.</p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw the Lewis (electron dot) structure of the ethanedioate ion, <sup>–</sup>OOCCOO<sup>–</sup>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline why all the C–O bond lengths in the ethanedioate ion are the same length and suggest a value for them. Use section 10 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain how ethanedioate ions act as ligands.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>i<br>phenolphthalein<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>phenol red</p>
<p> </p>
<p>ii<br>«n(NaOH) = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\left( {\frac{{14.0}}{{1000}}} \right)">
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>14.0</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1000</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</math></span> dm<sup>3</sup> × 0.100 mol dm<sup>-3</sup> =» 1.40 × 10<sup>-3</sup> «mol»</p>
<p><br><br>iii<br>«<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{1}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span> × 1.40 × 10<sup>-3 </sup>=» 7.00 × 10<sup>-4</sup> «mol»</p>
<p> </p>
<p>iv<br><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 1:</strong></em><br>«mass of pure hydrated ethanedioic acid in each titration = 7.00 × 10<sup>-4</sup> mol × 126.08 g mol<sup>-1</sup> =» 0.0883 / 8.83 × 10<sup>-2</sup> «g»</p>
<p>mass of sample in each titration = «<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{25}}{{1000}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>25</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1000</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> × 5.00 g =» 0.125 «g»</p>
<p>«% purity = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{0.0883{\rm{g}}}}{{0.125{\rm{g}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>0.0883</mn>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>0.125</mn>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> × 100 =» 70.6 «%»</p>
<p><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 2:</strong></em><br>«mol of pure hydrated ethanedioic acid in 1 dm<sup>3</sup> solution = 7.00 × 10<sup>-4</sup> × <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{1000}}{{25}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>1000</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>25</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span>=» 2.80 × 10<sup>-2 </sup>«mol»</p>
<p>«mass of pure hydrated ethanedioic acid in sample = 2.80 × 10<sup>-2</sup> mol × 126.08 g mol<sup>-1</sup> =» 3.53 «g»</p>
<p>«% purity = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{3.53{\rm{g}}}}{{5.00{\rm{g}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>3.53</mn>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>5.00</mn>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> × 100 =» 70.6 «%»</p>
<p><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 3:</strong></em><br>mol of hydrated ethanedioic acid (assuming sample to be pure) = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{5.00{\rm{g}}}}{{126.08{\rm{gmo}}{{\rm{l}}^{{\rm{ - 1}}}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>5.00</mn>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>126.08</mn>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi>
<mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi>
<mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> = 0.03966 «mol»</p>
<p>actual amount of hydrated ethanedioic acid = «7.00 × 10<sup>-4</sup> × <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{1000}}{{25}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>1000</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>25</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> =» 2.80 × 10<sup>-2</sup> «mol»</p>
<p>«% purity = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{2.80 \times {{10}^{ - 2}}}}{{0.03966}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2.80</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>0.03966</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> × 100 =» 70.6 «%»</p>
<p><em>Award suitable part marks for alternative methods.</em><br><em>Award<strong> [3]</strong> for correct final answer.</em><br><em>Award <strong>[2 max]</strong> for 50.4 % if anhydrous ethanedioic acid assumed.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt></p>
<p><em>Accept single negative charges on two O atoms singly bonded to C.</em><br><em>Do not accept resonance structures.</em><br><em>Allow any combination of dots/crosses or lines to represent electron pairs.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>electrons delocalized «across the O–C–O system»<br><em><strong>OR <br></strong></em>resonance occurs</p>
<p><em>Accept delocalized π-bond(s). <br>No ECF from (d). </em></p>
<p> </p>
<p>122 «pm» < C–O < 143 «pm»</p>
<p><em>Accept any answer in range 123 «pm» to 142 «pm». <br>Accept “bond intermediate between single and double bond” or “bond order 1.5”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>coordinate/dative/covalent bond from O to «transition» metal «ion»<br><em><strong>OR <br></strong></em>acts as a Lewis base/nucleophile</p>
<p>can occupy two positions<br><em><strong>OR <br></strong></em>provide two electron pairs from different «O» atoms<br><em><strong>OR<br></strong></em>form two «coordinate/dative/covalent» bonds «with the metal ion»<br><em><strong>OR <br></strong></em>chelate «metal/ion»</p>
<p> </p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) can be determined by the Winkler Method.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>A 25.00 cm<sup>3</sup> sample of water was treated according to the Winkler Method.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;">Step I: 2Mn<sup>2+ </sup>(aq) + O<sub>2 </sub>(g) + 4OH<sup>− </sup>(aq) → 2MnO<sub>2 </sub>(s) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O (l)</p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;">Step II: MnO<sub>2 </sub>(s) + 2I<sup>− </sup>(aq) + 4H<sup>+ </sup>(aq) → Mn<sup>2+ </sup>(aq) + I<sub>2 </sub>(aq) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O (l)</p>
<p style="padding-left: 60px;">Step III: 2S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2− </sup>(aq) + I<sub>2 </sub>(aq) → 2I<sup>− </sup>(aq) + S<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub><sup>2− </sup>(aq)</p>
<p>The iodine produced was titrated with 37.50 cm<sup>3</sup> of 5.000 × 10<sup>−4 </sup>mol dm<sup>−3</sup> Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline what is measured by BOD.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>A student dissolved 0.1240 ± 0.0001 g of Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> to make 1000.0 ± 0.4 cm<sup>3</sup> of solution to use in the Winkler Method.</p>
<p>Determine the percentage uncertainty in the molar concentration.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the amount, in moles of Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> used in the titration.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the mole ratio of O<sub>2</sub> consumed in step I to S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> used in step III.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the concentration of dissolved oxygen, in mol dm<sup>−3</sup>, in the sample.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The three steps of the Winkler Method are redox reactions.</p>
<p>Deduce the reduction half-equation for step II.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest a reason that the Winkler Method used to measure biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) must be done at constant temperature.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«amount of» oxygen used to decompose the organic matter in water ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mfrac><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0001</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1240</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>×</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>=</mo></math>» 0.08 «%»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mfrac><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn><mo> </mo><msup><mi>cm</mi><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow><mrow><mn>1000</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0</mn><mo> </mo><msup><mi>cm</mi><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>×</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>=</mo></math>» 0.04 «%» ✔</p>
<p><br>«0.08 % + 0.04 % =» 0.12/0.1 «%» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[2]</strong> for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept fractional uncertainties for <strong>M1</strong>, i.e., 0.0008 <strong>OR</strong> 0.0004.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mfrac><mrow><mn>37</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>50</mn><mo> </mo><msup><mi>cm</mi><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow><mn>1000</mn></mfrac></math>× 5.000 × 10<sup>−4 </sup>mol dm<sup>−3</sup> =» 1.875 × 10<sup>−5 </sup>«mol» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>1:4 ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept “4 mol S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2–</sup> :1 mol O<sub>2</sub>“, but not just 4:1.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>875</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mi>mol</mi><mo>×</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo></math>» 4.688 × 10<sup>−6 </sup>«mol» ✔</p>
<p>«<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mfrac><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>688</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mi>mol</mi></mrow><mstyle displaystyle="true"><mfrac><mrow><mn>25</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>00</mn><mo> </mo><msup><mi>cm</mi><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow><mn>1000</mn></mfrac></mstyle></mfrac><mo>=</mo></math>» 1.875 × 10<sup>−4 </sup>«mol dm<sup>−3</sup>» ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Award <strong>[2]</strong> for correct final answer.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>MnO<sub>2 </sub>(s) + 2e<sup>−</sup> + 4H<sup>+ </sup>(aq) → Mn<sup>2+ </sup>(aq) + 2H<sub>2</sub>O (l) ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>rate of reaction of oxygen with impurities depends on temperature<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>rate at which bacteria/organisms grow/respire depends on temperature ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(v).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Lewis (electron dot) structures are useful models.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw the Lewis (electron dot) structures of PF<sub>3</sub> and PF<sub>5</sub> and use the VSEPR theory to deduce the molecular geometry of each species including bond angles.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[6]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Predict whether the molecules PF<sub>3</sub> and PF<sub>5</sub> are polar or non-polar.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the type of hybridization shown by the phosphorus atom in PF<sub>3</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept any combination of dots, crosses and lines.</em></p>
<p><em>Penalize missing lone pairs once only.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> apply ECF for molecular geometry.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept values in the range 95–109 for PF<sub>3</sub>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>PF<sub>3</sub> polar <em><strong>AND</strong></em> PF<sub>5</sub> non-polar</p>
<p><em>Apply ECF from part (a) molecular geometry.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>sp<sup>3</sup></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Benzoic acid, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>COOH, is another derivative of benzene.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Identify the wavenumber of one peak in the IR spectrum of benzoic acid, using section 26 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Identify the spectroscopic technique that is used to measure the bond lengths in solid benzoic acid.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline <strong>one</strong> piece of physical evidence for the structure of the benzene ring.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Draw the structure of the conjugate base of benzoic acid showing <strong>all</strong> the atoms and <strong>all</strong> the bonds.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline why both C to O bonds in the conjugate base are the same length and suggest a value for them. Use section 10 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The pH of an aqueous solution of benzoic acid at 298 K is 2.95. Determine the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution, using section 2 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Formulate the equation for the complete combustion of benzoic acid in oxygen using only integer coefficients.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The combustion reaction in (f)(ii) can also be classed as redox. Identify the atom that is oxidized and the atom that is reduced.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Suggest how benzoic acid, <em>M<sub>r</sub></em> = 122.13, forms an apparent dimer, <em>M<sub>r</sub></em> = 244.26, when dissolved in a non-polar solvent such as hexane.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the reagent used to convert benzoic acid to phenylmethanol (benzyl alcohol), C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Any wavenumber in the following ranges:<br>2500−3000 «cm<sup>−1</sup>» </span><strong>[✔]</strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>1700−1750 «cm<sup>−1</sup>» </span><strong>[✔]</strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>2850−3090 «cm<sup>−1</sup>» </span><strong>[✔]</strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">X-ray «crystallography/spectroscopy» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Any one of:</em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«regular» hexagon</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">all «H–C–C/C-C-C» angles equal/120º <strong>[✔]</strong><br>all C–C bond lengths equal/intermediate between double and single</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">bond order 1.5 <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="images/2d.PNG" alt width="482" height="158"> <strong>[<span style="background-color: #ffffff;">✔</span>]</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><strong>Note: </strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept Kekulé structures.<br>Negative sign must be shown in correct position.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">electrons delocalized «across the O–C–O system»</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">resonance occurs <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">122 «pm» < C–O < 143 «pm» <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Note: </strong>Accept “delocalized π-bond”.</em><br><em>Accept “bond intermediate between single and double bond” or “bond order 1.5” for M1.</em><br><em>Accept any answer in range 123 to 142 pm</em>.</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 1:</strong></em><br>[H<sup>+</sup>] «= 10<sup>−2.95</sup>» = 1.122 × 10<sup>−3</sup> «mol dm<sup>−3</sup>» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>«[OH<sup>−</sup>] = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{1.00 \times {{10}^{ - 14}}{\text{ mo}}{{\text{l}}^2}{\text{ d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 6}}}}{{1.22 \times {{10}^{ - 3}}{\text{ mol d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 3}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>1.00</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>14</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>6</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1.22</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> mol d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> =» 8.91 × 10<sup>−12</sup> «mol dm<sup>−3</sup>» <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 2:</strong></em><br>pOH = «14 − 2.95 =» 11.05 <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong><br>«[OH<sup>−</sup>] = 10<sup>−11.05</sup> =» 8.91 × 10<sup>−12</sup> «mol dm<sup>−3</sup>» <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Award <strong>[2]</strong> for correct final answer.<br>Accept other methods.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>COOH (s) + 15O<sub>2</sub> (g) → 14CO<sub>2</sub> (g) + 6H<sub>2</sub>O (l)<br>correct products </span><strong>[✔]</strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>correct balancing </span><strong>[✔]</strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Oxidized</em>:</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C/carbon «in C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>COOH»</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>AND</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Reduced</em>:</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">O/oxygen «in O<sub>2</sub>» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«intermolecular» hydrogen bonding <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note: </strong>Accept diagram showing hydrogen bonding.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">lithium aluminium hydride/LiAlH<sub>4</sub> <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates could identify a wavenumber or range of wavenumbers in the IR spectrum of benzoic acid.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Less than half the candidates identified x-ray crystallography as a technique used to measure bond lengths. There were many stating IR spectroscopy and quite a few random guesses.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Again less than half the candidates could accurately give a physical piece of evidence for the structure of benzene. Many missed the mark by not being specific, stating ‘all bonds in benzene with same length’ rather than ‘all C-C bonds in benzene have the same length’.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Very poorly answered with only 1 in 5 getting this question correct. Many did not show <strong>all</strong> the bonds and <strong>all</strong> the atoms or either forgot or misplaced the negative sign on the conjugate base.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This question was a challenge. Candidates were not able to explain the intermediate bond length and the majority suggested the value of either the bond length of C to O single bond or double bond.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Generally well done with a few calculating the pOH rather than the concentration of hydroxide ion asked for.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most earned at least one mark by correctly stating the products of the reaction.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Another question where not reading correctly was a concern. Instead of identifying the atom that is oxidized and the atom that is reduced, answers included formulas of molecules or the atoms were reversed for the redox processes.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The other question where only 10 % of the candidates earned a mark. Few identified hydrogen bonding as the reason for carboxylic acids forming dimers. There were many G2 forms stating that the use of the word “dimer” is not in the syllabus, however the candidates were given that a dimer has double the molar mass and the majority seemed to understand that the two molecules joined together somehow but could not identify hydrogen bonding as the cause.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Very few candidates answered this part correctly and scored the mark. Common answers were H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, HCl & Sn, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. In general, strongest candidates gained the mark.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Carbon forms many compounds.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>C<sub>60</sub> and diamond are allotropes of carbon.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Chlorine reacts with methane.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">CH<sub>4</sub> (g) + Cl<sub>2 </sub>(g) → CH<sub>3</sub>Cl (g) + HCl (g)</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Outline <strong>two</strong> differences between the bonding of carbon atoms in C<sub>60</sub> and diamond.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why C<sub>60</sub> and diamond sublime at different temperatures and pressures.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State two features showing that propane and butane are members of the same homologous series.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Describe a test and the expected result to indicate the presence of carbon–carbon double bonds.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw the full structural formula of (Z)-but-2-ene.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write the equation for the reaction between but-2-ene and hydrogen bromide.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the type of reaction.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest <strong>two</strong> differences in the <sup>1</sup>H NMR of but-2-ene and the organic product from (d)(ii).</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Predict, giving a reason, the major product of reaction between but-1-ene and steam.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain the mechanism of the reaction between 1-bromopropane, CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>Br, and aqueous sodium hydroxide, NaOH (aq), using curly arrows to represent the movement of electron pairs.</p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the splitting pattern in the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum for 1-bromopropane.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction, Δ<em>H</em>, using section 11 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw and label an enthalpy level diagram for this reaction.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Any <strong>two</strong> of:</p>
<p>C<sub>60</sub> fullerene: bonded to 3 C <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>diamond: bonded to 4 C ✔</p>
<p>C<sub>60</sub> fullerene: delocalized/resonance <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>diamond: not delocalized / no resonance ✔</p>
<p>C<sub>60</sub> fullerene: <em>sp<sup>2</sup> <strong>AND</strong> </em>diamond: <em>sp<sup>3 </sup></em>✔</p>
<p>C<sub>60</sub> fullerene: bond angles between 109–120° <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>diamond: 109° ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept "bonds in fullerene are shorter/stronger/have higher bond order <strong>OR</strong> bonds in diamond longer/weaker/have lower bond order".</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>diamond giant/network covalent <em><strong>AND</strong></em> sublimes at higher temperature ✔</p>
<p>C<sub>60</sub> molecular/London/dispersion/intermolecular «forces» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “diamond has strong covalent bonds <strong>AND</strong> require more energy to break «than intermolecular forces»” for M1.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>same general formula / C<sub>n</sub>H<sub>2n+2</sub> ✔</p>
<p>differ by CH<sub>2</sub>/common structural unit ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept "similar chemical properties".</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “gradation/gradual change in physical properties”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><strong>ALTERNATIVE 1:</strong></p>
<p><em>Test:</em></p>
<p>add bromine «water»/Br<sub>2</sub> (aq) ✔</p>
<p><em>Result:</em></p>
<p>«orange/brown/yellow» to colourless/decolourised ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Do not accept “clear” for M2.</em></p>
<p><strong><br>ALTERNATIVE 2:</strong></p>
<p><em>Test:</em></p>
<p>add «acidified» KMnO<sub>4</sub> ✔</p>
<p><em>Result:</em></p>
<p>«purple» to colourless/decolourised/brown ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept “colour change” for M2.</em></p>
<p><strong><br>ALTERNATIVE 3:</strong></p>
<p><em>Test:</em></p>
<p>add iodine /<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mtext>I</mtext><mn>2</mn></msub></math> ✔</p>
<p><em>Result:</em></p>
<p>«brown» to colourless/decolourised ✔<br><br></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept</em></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>CH<sub>3</sub>CH=CHCH<sub>3</sub> + HBr (g) → CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CHBrCH<sub>3</sub></p>
<p>Correct reactants ✔</p>
<p>Correct products ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept molecular formulas for both reactants and product</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«electrophilic» addition/EA ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept nucleophilic or free radical addition.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 1:</strong> Any two of:</em></p>
<p>but-2-ene: 2 signals <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>product: 4 signals ✔</p>
<p>but-2-ene: «area ratio» 3:1/6:2 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>product: «area ratio» 3:3:2:1 ✔</p>
<p>product: «has signal at» 3.5-4.4 ppm «and but-2-ene: does not» ✔</p>
<p>but-2-ene: «has signal at» 4.5-6.0 ppm «and product: does not» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><strong>ALTERNATIVE 2:</strong></em></p>
<p>but-2-ene: doublet <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>quartet/multiplet/4 ✔</p>
<p>product: doublet <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>triplet <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>quintet/5/multiplet <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>sextet/6/multiplet ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “product «has signal at» 1.3–1.4 ppm «and but-2-ene: does not»”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH(OH)CH<sub>3</sub> ✔</p>
<p>«secondary» carbocation/CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sup>+</sup>CH<sub>3</sub> more stable ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept “Markovnikov’s rule” without reference to carbocation stability.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p>curly arrow going from lone pair/negative charge on O in HO<sup>–</sup> to C ✔</p>
<p>curly arrow showing Br breaking ✔</p>
<p>representation of transition state showing negative charge, square brackets and partial bonds ✔</p>
<p>formation of organic product CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>Br– ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do not allow curly arrow originating on H in HO<sup>–</sup>.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept curly arrow either going from bond between C and Br to Br in 1-bromopropane or in the transition</em><br><em>state.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> penalize if HO and Br are not at 180° to each other. </em></p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[3 max]</strong> for S<sub>N</sub>1 mechanism.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>triplet/3 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>multiplet/6 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>triplet/3 ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>bond breaking: C–H + Cl–Cl / 414 «kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>» + 242 «kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>»/656 «kJ»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>bond breaking: 4C–H + Cl–Cl / 4 × 414 «kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>» + 242 «kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>» / 1898 «kJ» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p>bond forming: «C–Cl + H–Cl / 324 kJ mol<sup>–1</sup> + 431 kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>» / 755 «kJ»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>bond forming: «3C–H + C–Cl + H–Cl / 3 × 414 «kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>» + 324 «kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>» + 431 kJ mol<sup>–1</sup>» / 1997 «kJ» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p>«ΔH = bond breaking – bond forming = 656 kJ – 755 kJ» = –99 «kJ» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[3]</strong> for correct final answer.</em></p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[2 max]</strong> for 99 «kJ».</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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"></p>
<p>reactants at higher enthalpy than products ✔</p>
<p><br>ΔH/-99 «kJ» labelled on arrow from reactants to products<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>activation energy/<em>E</em><sub>a</sub> labelled on arrow from reactant to top of energy profile ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept a double headed arrow between reactants and products labelled as ΔH for M2.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>A challenging question, requiring accurate knowledge of the bonding in these allotropes (some referred to graphite, clearly the most familiar allotrope). The most frequent (correct) answer was the difference in number of bonded C atoms and hybridisation in second place. However, only 30% got a mark.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Again, this was a struggle between intermolecular forces and covalent bonds and this proved to be even harder than (a)(i) with only 25% of candidates getting full marks. The distinction between giant covalent/covalent network in diamond and molecular in C60 and hence resultant sublimation points, was rarely explained. There were many general and vague answers given, as well as commonly (incorrectly) stating that intermolecular forces are present in diamond. As another example of insufficient attention to the question itself, many candidates failed to say which would sublime at a higher temperature and so missed even one mark.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This easy question was quite well answered; same/similar physical properties and empirical formula were common errors.</p>
<p>Candidates misinterpreted the question and mentioned CH3<sup>+</sup>, i.e., the lost fragment; the other very common error was -COOH which shows a complete lack of understanding of MS considering the question is about butane so O should never appear.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Well answered by most, but some basic chemistry was missing when reporting results, perhaps as a result of little practical work due to COVID. A significant number suggested IR spectrometry, very likely because the question followed one on H NMR spectroscopy, thus revealing a failure to read the question properly (which asks for a test). Some teachers felt that adding "chemical" would have avoided some confusion.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most were able to draw this isomer correctly, though a noticeable number of students included the Z as an atom in the structural formula, showing they were completely unfamiliar with E/Z notation.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Well done in general and most candidates wrote correct reagents, eventually losing a mark when considering H<sub>2</sub> to be a product alongside 2-bromobutane.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Very well answered, some mentioned halogenation which is a different reaction.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>A considerable number of students (40%) got at least 1 mark here, but marks were low (average mark 0.9/2). Common errors were predicting 3 peaks, rather than 4 for 2 -bromobutane and vague / unspecific answers, such as ‘different shifts’ or ‘different intensities’. It is surprising that more did not use H NMR data from the booklet; they were not directed to the section as is generally done in this type of question to allow for more general answers regarding all information that can be obtained from an H NMR spectrum.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Product was correctly predicted by many, but most used Markovnikov's Rule to justify this, failing to mention the stability of the secondary carbocation, i.e., the chemistry behind the rule.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(v).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>As usual, good to excellent candidates (47.5%) were able to get 3/4 marks for this mechanism, while most lost marks for carelessness in drawing arrows and bond connectivity, issues with the lone pair or negative charge on the nucleophile, no negative charge on transition state, or incorrect haloalkane. The average mark was thus 1.9/4.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Another of the very poorly answered questions where most candidates (90%) failed to predict 3 peaks and when they did, considered there would be a quartet instead of multiplet/sextet; other candidates seemed to have no idea at all. This is strange because the compound is relatively simple and while some teachers considered that predicting a sextet may be beyond the current curriculum or just too difficult, they could refer to a multiplet; a quartet is clearly incorrect.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Only the very weak candidates were unable to calculate the enthalpy change correctly, eventually missing 1 mark for inverted calculations.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates drew correct energy profiles, consistent with the sign of the energy change calculated in the previous question. And again, only very weak candidate failed to get at least 1 mark for correct profiles.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Oxygen exists as two allotropes, diatomic oxygen, O<sub>2</sub>, and ozone, O<sub>3</sub>.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw a Lewis (electron dot) structure for ozone.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Discuss the relative length of the two O−O bonds in ozone.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why there are frequencies of UV light that will dissociate O<sub>3</sub> but not O<sub>2</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain, using equations, how the presence of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mtext>CCl</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub><msub><mtext>F</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub></math> results in a chain reaction that decreases the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="437" height="78">✔</p>
<p><em>Accept any combination of lines, dots or crosses to represent electrons.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept structures that represent 1.5 bonds.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>both equal ✔</p>
<p>delocalization/resonance ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept bond length between 121 and 148 pm/ that of single O−O bond and double O=O bond for M1.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>bond in O<sub>3</sub> is weaker<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>O<sub>3</sub> bond order 1.5/< 2 ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Do <strong>not</strong> accept bond in O<sub>3</sub> is longer for M1.</em></p>
<p><br>lower frequency/longer wavelength «UV light» has enough energy to break the O–O bond in O<sub>3</sub> «but not that in O<sub>2</sub>» ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept “lower frequency/longer wavelength «UV light» has lower energy”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mtext>CCl</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub><msub><mtext>F</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub><msub><mtext>(g) →∙CClF</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub><mtext>(g) Cl</mtext><mo>∙</mo><mtext>(g)</mtext></math> ✔</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mtext>Cl•(g)+O</mtext><mtext>3</mtext></msub><msub><mtext>(g)→O</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub><mtext>(g)+ClO•(g)</mtext></math><br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mtext>ClO∙(g)+O</mtext><mtext>3</mtext></msub><msub><mtext>(g)→2O</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub><mtext>(g)+Cl</mtext><mo>∙</mo><mtext>(g)</mtext></math> ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Do <strong>not</strong> penalize missing radical.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept:for M2:</em><br><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mtext>Cl∙(g) + O</mtext><mtext>3</mtext></msub><msub><mtext>(g) → O</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub><mtext>(g) + ClO</mtext><mo>∙</mo><mtext>(g)</mtext></math><br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mtext>ClO∙(g) + O(g) → O</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></msub><mtext>(g) + Cl</mtext><mo>∙</mo><mtext>(g)</mtext></math></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Compound </span><strong><span class="fontstyle2">A </span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">is in equilibrium with compound </span><span class="fontstyle2"><strong>B</strong>.</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle2"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="247" height="82"></span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Predict the electron domain and molecular geometries around the </span><span class="fontstyle2"><strong>oxygen</strong> </span><span class="fontstyle0">atom of molecule </span><strong><span class="fontstyle2">A </span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">using VSEPR</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0"><img 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" width="734" height="185"></span></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">State the type of hybridization shown by the central carbon atom in molecule </span><span class="fontstyle2"><strong>B</strong>.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">State the number of sigma (</span><span class="fontstyle2"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="normal">σ</mi></math></span><span class="fontstyle0">) and pi (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></math></span><span class="fontstyle0">) bonds around the central carbon atom in molecule </span><strong><span class="fontstyle3">B</span></strong>.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">The IR spectrum of one of the compounds is shown:</span></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="687" height="247"></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em><span class="fontstyle0">COBLENTZ SOCIETY. Collection © 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.</span></em></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontstyle0">Deduce, giving a reason, the compound producing this spectrum.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Compound </span><strong><span class="fontstyle2">A </span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><strong><span class="fontstyle2">B </span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">are isomers. Draw two other structural isomers with the formula <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mn>6</mn></msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></math></span><span class="fontstyle0">.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">The equilibrium constant, </span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msub><mi>K</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi></msub></math><span class="fontstyle0">, for the conversion of </span><strong><span class="fontstyle3">A </span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">to </span><strong><span class="fontstyle3">B </span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">is </span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>8</mn></msup></math> <span class="fontstyle0">in water at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mn>298</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi></math>.</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Deduce, giving a reason, which compound, </span><strong><span class="fontstyle3">A </span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">or </span><strong><span class="fontstyle3">B</span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">, is present in greater concentration when equilibrium is reached.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change, </span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>∆</mo><msup><mi>G</mi><mo>⦵</mo></msup></math><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><span class="fontstyle5"><strong>in</strong> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="bold">kJ</mi><mo mathvariant="bold"> </mo><msup><mi mathvariant="bold">mol</mi><mrow><mo mathvariant="bold">–</mo><mn mathvariant="bold">1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span><span class="fontstyle0">, for the reaction (</span><strong><span class="fontstyle5">A </span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">to </span><strong><span class="fontstyle5">B</span></strong><span class="fontstyle0">) at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mn>298</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi></math>. Use sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Propanone can be synthesized in two steps from propene. Suggest the synthetic route including all the necessary reactants and steps.<br> </span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Propanone can be synthesized in two steps from propene.</span></p>
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Suggest why propanal is a minor product obtained from the synthetic route in (g)(i).</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g(ii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Electron domain geometry: </em>tetrahedral<em> ✔</em></p>
<p><em>Molecular geometry: </em>bent/V-shaped<em> ✔</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msup><mi>sp</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="normal">σ</mi></math>-bonds: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3</mn></math><br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></math>-bonds: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mn>1</mn></math> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>B <em><strong>AND</strong> </em><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></math> absorption/<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mn>1750</mn><mo>«</mo><msup><mi>cm</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>»</mo></math> <br><em><strong>OR</strong></em> <br>B <em><strong>AND</strong></em> absence of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mo>–</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mo> </mo><mo>/</mo><mn>3200</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>3600</mn><mo>«</mo><msup><mi>cm</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mi>absorption</mi><mo>»</mo><mo> </mo></math>✔</p>
<p><em>Accept any value between <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mn mathvariant="italic">1700</mn><mo mathvariant="italic">−</mo><mn mathvariant="italic">1750</mn><mo mathvariant="italic"> </mo><mi>c</mi><msup><mi>m</mi><mrow><mo mathvariant="italic">−</mo><mn mathvariant="italic">1</mn></mrow></msup></math></em>.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Accept any two <math class="wrs_chemistry" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>C</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>6</mn></msub><mi>O</mi></math> isomers except for propanone and propen-2-ol:</em></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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">✔✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Penalize missing hydrogens in displayed structural formulas once only.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi></math> <em><strong>AND</strong> </em><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msub><mi>K</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi></msub></math> is greater than <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>1</mn></math>/large ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math class="wrs_chemistry" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>«</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><msup><mi>G</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">Θ</mi></msup><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>ln</mi><mi>K</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>00831</mn><mo> </mo><mi>kJ</mi><mo> </mo><msup><mi>mol</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo> </mo><mo>(</mo><mn>298</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi><mo>)</mo><mo> </mo><mo>(</mo><mi>ln</mi><mo> </mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>8</mn></msup><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>»</mo></math><br><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>−</mo><mn>46</mn><mo>«</mo><mi>kJ</mi><mo> </mo><msup><mi>mol</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>»</mo></math> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="569" height="90"></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></math>/water «and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math>» ✔</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msub><mi>CH</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mi>CH</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>OH</mi><mo>)</mo><msub><mi>CH</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>/propan-2-ol ✔</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>Cr</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>7</mn></msub></math>/«potassium» dichromate(VI) <em><strong>AND</strong></em> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math><br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><msub><mi>KMnO</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></math>/«acidified potassium» manganate(VII) ✔</p>
<p><em>Accept <math class="wrs_chemistry" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>H</mi><mn mathvariant="italic">3</mn></msub><msup><mi>O</mi><mo mathvariant="italic">+</mo></msup></math>.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<div class="question_part_label">g(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>primary carbocation «intermediate forms»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>minor product «of the water addition would be» propan-1-ol<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>anti-Markovnikov addition of water ✔</p>
<p>primary alcohol/propan-1-ol oxidizes to an aldehyde/propanal ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">g(ii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The majority of students got at least one of electron domain geometry or molecular geometry correct.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The vast majority of students could identify the hybridization around a central carbon atom.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The vast majority of students could identify BOTH sigma and pi bonds in a molecule.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Many candidates identified B having C = O and a peak at 1750.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>A surprising number of candidates drew propanone here as an option, either failing to read the question or perhaps finding the structural formulae provided difficult to understand.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates identified B, the product, as being in greater concentration at equilibrium however some lost the mark because they did not include a reason.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates could apply the formula for Gibbs free energy change, ΔG<sup>Θ</sup>, correctly however some did not get the units correct.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The mean mark was ⅔ for the required synthetic route. Some candidates failed to identify water as a reagent in the hydration reaction, or note that dichromate ion oxidation requires acidic conditions. This was also the question with most No Response.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">g(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This question regarding the formation of a minor product was not well answered. Many candidates struggled to explain the formation of propan-1-ol and to then oxidize it to propanal.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">g(ii).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>The overall equation for the production of hydrogen cyanide, HCN, is shown below.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">CH<sub>4</sub> (g) + NH<sub>3</sub> (g) +<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math>O<sub>2</sub> (g) → HCN (g) + 3H<sub>2</sub>O (g)</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State why NH<sub>3</sub> is a Lewis base.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the pH of a 1.00 × 10<sup>−2</sup> mol dm<sup>−3</sup> aqueous solution of ammonia.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">p<em>K</em><sub>b</sub> = 4.75 at 298 K.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Justify whether a 1.0 dm<sup>3</sup> solution made from 0.10 mol NH<sup>3</sup> and 0.20 mol HCl will form a buffer solution.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch the shape of one sigma (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>σ</mtext></math>) and one pi (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></math>) bond.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Identify the number of sigma and pi bonds in HCN.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAsQAAAC2CAYAAADeIJtgAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsMAAA7DAcdvqGQAAA6DSURBVHhe7d1/sNVlgcfxj3cYdRQZJFQiOioMwwAbQ/xoanD8sWSwbbl3dLNNyiEhplq11WopnVzH0pVqpSUzl5Ql3JrW0jm51fgjE13dUuDGYlDEIHgkvCpLDF1dZdjrnns56OWCiUXOPfd5vWbO3HOe8z3nPOfHH+/zned872Ev1gUAAArV0vgLAABFEsQAABRNEAMAULSX1hBXKiO6BwAAoL+r1bY0zvUK4p5XAABAf9S7ey2ZAACgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiNVcQd7anrXpd5o4dkUqlcZp5eZYu35COxibJE6nOnZDK3GraGyN9x460LXx/Zi5c0WO+r+YPuQ0AAAeriYK4Hob//LG0fvbXOaW6LrXalvppXe799Al58GPvyV+/FIxvTutNa1K7qTXDui/3FZ3paFuWyxaPyWfmTM7AxuirG5xJcz6WyYuvyTfadjTGAAA4VJoniHc/lvu/uSJD5s3LB8cMagwOyujp5+WDZx+Xdd/8z/x6d2O4L+rckh8vvjWHz5+VUwe9xpd90Nsze/5RWbx4ebZ2NsYAADgkmm4N8Qtr12ZjR88qHJrTr34wtdWXZtKArsu9l0zsSvuKG19eZjF2Tr70pTkZW7kw1fZ6QbdXM7fytsxdeH0unznmpW0WPdyWhxd1bdd1uzGZeXk1G/Y+7iss3bilrT2v1KudG3+SJT86MWdPO7HHi74zG+5dtO/99Dy99ByOzKhpZ2b0j76buzc+X7+8uz7tC+vbzMjCNgspAAD+GM0TxAP+LO+/8pzk7s/mzHFvrwfsd1KtPvBypB5Q1zKFGzP7nCXJ/LuyrvZYHlk2NeuX3JVnG1vssTV33/V0pn51RWrr7spV0x7Nl9/3gfzDtvNy3+Za1lX/Nrllfj75vQ31e3w+G5Z9cp+lG5sfuTWfGnFPLp91Qx7YeaD5PJ+ND92T1UMmZ8LJRzbGdmVr9XM568L/zoRlK7O5+36+mbkfuiK3PfLYniUhPZZ9tJw8IWcMWZnbH3q8PocBGdZ6fX2bu3LJpINffAEAwP6aaA/x4Rne+qXcV70pi646M1sWfioXX3xepo+rZOzcRbl3w87Gdj1tz8rbbs26iR/P/PPHZ2D9PoZNnZ35809rXL/X0Zn4N7Ny1uhBycBRmXbK6PrYmfnox0/LsJaWDJxwSmYMeTa13z5bj9EjM3r2t1L7ZT20G0s3WoZNyl903ebZ7dnx3IGC+JmsffDRZMrIDO/ei123+xf59yvvzOj5f58Lpw7rfiNahp2RS895Pp+bfWPaeof+gONy8pQjsvrBX+bpxhAAAH+8JlsyUQ/aSTPTOvvq3Nm9R/WOfO0rl2baQ1/Mhy9aun9E7q7l5z/cnCFnTMjJLz3Tw3PCSaPqCdzTETl+8FGNF2NAjhl8bDJkZCpD99br/jrb2/If1Wqq1duz9PL3ZfoV9zeueWVDxlcytHE+22pZu/2knDHhTT3ehEZ8t9+a21Zub4ztdWwq49+YPL0jv/t9O8UBAHhNmiyI99W1Z/a9Z/9drvv6BTl63Q9z/6+fa1zzp7Qr7cu/kHe/7QP52or/qV9uyeAzr071qt57nV/FUYNzwtFPZm3tt42Bnjbnhz+vpS//RhAAoL9okiDuzM7lV2RsZVaWbuj6UVlPLTlq0OAckaE59phee3QHVPLWvzwp2+9bk00v7VXdlac2b+y1hvg16NyUO6+7JY9/6F9y69Vz0tramtbTh2fnhscbG7yy7Wtr2dY4n4EjM/W0I/PQnav2PXLEczuz7YWjUzn26F5vzm9TW/tkcvzgHNPUX2MAAPqWJkmrlgya8t7MG7cyV1z0+X2O5tDZ/l+54YbbM2z2BZk5au8P1vYakinnnJtxq2/IgmVr01G/Vcf672bBgldf3vCKWt6Qk95yXJ5d9WDa2nfVB3ZmQ3VRrr1l857rD+i4jD/lLcnKx7J1727flhF55yUXZdr983PB5xpHsOhYn+qCf8otmZkL3nXyvm/O7meyaeULmXjK2BzfGAIA4I/XPPsaB07NJd/7QZbNe0PunzUlJzUOTXbSGTfn/96zKEuvnJ5h+z2blgyc9NEsve2CZMGMjKtUMu4Tv8j4s9/auP4PMTSnXvTFfGrEHTn/bSPrc5iai1acmHmXzMjRWZ0VvzrQP8/Yc9i0idtXZc2mvXu463MbMytfueP6zHjqmu4fB1bGTc9nnzoz/3rH59M6/PDGdnt0blqT+7ZPaRy2zWHXAAAOlcNerOs60xWXXYf66v+ez4alczJ9wagse/jKnP5a/0nGH6qzlurHz8uSt9+c6uwxr/GbyJ45n/Wz9+XeG1ozvHm+xgAA9Dm9u7efp9W2LL/8lFRmfiHLu5c3dKZjw51Z+p1HM27eezPl9YrhLl1LJOadm10LvvUKxyr+PXb+LEsXPJd5804XwwAAh1g/z6uu5Q0Lc/XkhxvLGyoZN/3mZNbNWfqJqXl9/6VF1/KN83PNvPW59uZVOfiFDjvSdvPXs2reZfnIpMGNMQAADpUCl0wAAFCywpZMAADA7yeIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoTRrEu9NevTCVyowsbOtojPXSXs3cyohMXNhW3/pAnkh17oRUJl6XtgNucCgeo4/M83V5rv1lnnU+Oy9rlnn67PTQLPPsI5+dZpmnz04PzTLPPvLZ6RPz7PsOe7Gu60yl/kRrtS3dgwAA0F/17l5LJgAAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgaIIYAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKFrzBPHutiycOCKVyv6nsXMX5d4NOxsbPpHq3AmpzK2mvTGyv850tC3KzJmL0tbR2Rh7FR0rsnDm+7OwbUdjAACA/qDp9hAPueSOPFbbktre07p7848n3JMPn/XlLN/ZFbdvTutNa1K7qTXD9txkfx2r8o3Lvp/JnzkvkwYe5EswcHLmfGZMFl+27OAjGgCAPq/5l0wMHJOzZp+Tic/+JPe0bW8M/j67svXH/5bFh38os08d2hg7GC0ZdOqszD/81iz+8ZZIYgCA/qEfriF+lSUTnZty95L7Mvrsd2RU97PvTMf6WzJ37IGXY1QmXpe23d23rL9aJ2ba2SfmR0t+ko3dRdx4rJ7bAADQVJo/iDvW546lt2X1uHNzzpQhjcFX1rnxp7l99RtzxoQ37XnyHauyZFlLPr1iXaqXzMgl1V+l9sj1eVdas+iRzamtvjSTBnTftO7InDxhcoasvicPbXy+frmxPGOfbQAAaCZNF8TbF56VkT334I47KzfmnCz76uyDWA+8O0+vXZnVGZ2Thx+5Z2jg1Fx89ayMGbgrO7d1RW49mn+3I08fPSSDj9r//gYMH5kpeTQPrn2mMQIAQDNruiDe70d1tfW58+rZOX30oMYWB2HIyFSG9t6l+7/Z8dQbu0O583fbUzticAYdIIgztJLxQ17I0zues44YAKAfaLog/pPZ/Uw2rdyzhxgAgHKUGcTbH0tt276/guvctCb35UB7jnvZVsva7Ufk+MFH+TYBANAPFNZ0A3L8+CmZmA3ZtLXn3uAdWf2D72f1lJEZXu/hlmOGpPLC46k9uSHVq76TDT3WRuze+lhW5i05ZfxxjREAAJpZcTs5W0a9I2dPfDL3rfnNy2uA25fnhoW/ybvfMynH1y+2jPrzXHDaT3PxtEvTduqpjcOzdXk+m9asyvaJZ2baqK4f5TnsGgBAszvsxbquM11HbOj6kVr/tytbq5/O9CVvzR3V2Rn9Wr4SdK7P0tY5+dkF384NrRVLJgAAmlDv7i2w6Q7P8Hd+MPN23ZKlD2xrjB2Mzux84FtZsOvczHvnCDEMANBPlNl1AyfnI9f8VVZd++20dRzkwdM6VuXma9dn3jXnH8TxjgEAaBYFLpkAAKBklkwAAEAPghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAiiaIAQAomiAGAKBoghgAgKIJYgAAitakQbw77dULU6nMyMK2jsZYL+3VzK2MyMSFbfWtD+SJVOdOSGXidWk74AaH4jHM82UH8Rivy3N9tceo6xPvidfzZYdinn3kPWmWefaJz06zzLPOZ+dlzTLPPvHZaZZ51h2K++jjDnuxrutMpf5Ea7Ut3YMAANBf9e5eSyYAACiaIAYAoGiCGACAogliAACKJogBACiaIAYAoGiCGACAogliAACKJogBACiaIAYAoGiCGACAogliAACKJogBACiaIAYAoGiCGACAogliAACKJogBACiaIAYAoGiCGACAogliAACKJogBACiaIAYAoGiCGACAogliAACKJogBACiaIAYAoGiCGACAoh32Yl3XmUplRPcAAAD0d7Xalsa5HkEMAAAlsmQCAICiCWIAAIomiAEAKJogBgCgYMn/AyiCrFzItiRJAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the hybridization of the carbon atom in HCN.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest why hydrogen chloride, HCl, has a lower boiling point than hydrogen cyanide, HCN.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why transition metal cyanide complexes are coloured.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>donates «lone/non-bonding» pair of electrons ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Kb</em> = 10<sup>-4.75</sup> /1.78 x 10<sup>-5</sup><br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br><em>Kb</em> = <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mfrac><msup><mfenced open="[" close="]"><msup><mi>OH</mi><mo>-</mo></msup></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mfenced open="[" close="]"><msub><mi>NH</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mfenced></mfrac></math> ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p>[OH<sup>–</sup>] = « <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msqrt><mfenced><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>00</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>75</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mfenced></msqrt></math> =» 4.22 × 10<sup>–4</sup> «(mol dm<sup>–3</sup>)» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p>pOH« = –log<sub>10</sub> (4.22 × 10<sup>–4</sup>)» = 3.37<br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br>pH = «14 – 3.37» = 10.6<br><em><strong><br>OR</strong></em><br><br>[H<sup>+</sup>]« =<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>00</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>14</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>22</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac></math>» = 2.37 × 10<sup>–11</sup><br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br>pH« = –log<sub>10</sub> 2.37 × 10<sup>–11</sup>» = 10.6 ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[3]</strong> for correct final answer.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>no <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>is not a weak acid conjugate base system</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>no <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>weak base «totally» neutralized/ weak base is not in excess</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>no <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>will not neutralize small amount of acid ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “no <strong>AND</strong> contains 0.10 mol NH<sub>4</sub>Cl + 0.10 mol HCl”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Sigma (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>σ</mi></math>):</em></p>
<p> <img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Pi (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>π</mi></math>):</em></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept overlapping p-orbital(s) with both lobes of equal size/shape.</em></p>
<p><em>Shaded areas are not required in either diagram.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Sigma (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtext>σ</mtext></math>): 2 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>Pi (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">π</mi></math>): 2 ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>sp ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>HCN has stronger dipole–dipole attraction ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept reference to H-bonds.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any three from:</em></p>
<p>partially filled d-orbitals ✔</p>
<p>«CN- causes» d-orbitals «to» split ✔</p>
<p>light is absorbed as electrons transit to a higher energy level «in d–d transitions»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>light is absorbed as electrons are promoted ✔</p>
<p>energy gap corresponds to light in the visible region of the spectrum ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept “colour observed is the complementary colour” for M4.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The main error was the omission of lone electron "pair", though there was also a worrying amount of very confused answers for a very basic chemistry concept where 40% provided very incorrect answers.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Rather surprisingly, many students got full marks for this multi-step calculation; others went straight to the pH/pKa acid/base equation so lost at least one of the marks: students often seem less prepared for base calculations, as opposed to acid calculations.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Poorly answered revealing little understanding of buffering mechanisms, which is admittedly a difficult topic.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This proved to be the most challenging question (10%). It was a good question, where candidates had to explain a huge difference in boiling point of two covalent compounds, requiring solid understanding of change of state where breaking bonds cannot be involved). Yet most considered the triple bonds in HCN as the cause, suggesting covalent bonds break when substance boil, which is very worrying. Others considered H-bonds which at least is an intermolecular force, but shows they are not too familiar with the conditions necessary for H-bonding.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This question appears frequently in exams but with slightly different approaches. In general candidates ignore the specific question and give the same answers, failing in this case to describe why complexes are coloured rather than what colour is seen. These answers appear to reveal that many candidates don't really understand this phenomenon, but learn the answer by heart and make mistakes when repeating it, for example, stating that the ‘d-orbitals of the ligands were split’- an obvious misconception. The average mark was 1.6/3, with a MS providing 4 ideas that would merit a mark</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Carbonated water is produced when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water under pressure. The following equilibria are established.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Equilibrium (1) CO<sub>2</sub> (g) <img src="images/5.PNG" alt width="64" height="25"> CO<sub>2</sub> (aq)</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Equilibrium (2) CO<sub>2</sub> (aq) + H<sub>2</sub>O (l) <img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="49" height="14"> H<sup>+</sup> (aq) + HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (aq)</span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Carbon dioxide acts as a weak acid.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Soda water has sodium hydrogencarbonate, NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, dissolved in the carbonated water.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Distinguish between a weak and strong acid.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Weak acid: </span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Strong acid: </span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The hydrogencarbonate ion, produced in Equilibrium (2), can also act as an acid.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the formula of its conjugate base.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">When a bottle of carbonated water is opened, these equilibria are disturbed.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State, giving a reason, how a decrease in pressure affects the position of Equilibrium (1).</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">At 298 K the concentration of aqueous carbon dioxide in carbonated water is 0.200 mol dm<sup>−3</sup> and the pK<sub>a</sub> for Equilibrium (2) is 6.36.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Calculate the pH of carbonated water.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Identify the type of bonding in sodium hydrogencarbonate.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Between sodium and hydrogencarbonate:</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Between hydrogen and oxygen in hydrogencarbonate:</span></span></span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Predict, referring to Equilibrium (2), how the added sodium hydrogencarbonate affects the pH.(Assume pressure and temperature remain constant.)</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">100.0cm<sup>3</sup> of soda water contains 3.0 × 10<sup>−2</sup>g NaHCO<sub>3</sub>.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Calculate the concentration of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> in mol dm<sup>−3</sup>.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The uncertainty of the 100.0cm<sup>3</sup> volumetric flask used to make the solution was ±0.6cm<sup>3</sup>.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Calculate the maximum percentage uncertainty in the mass of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> so that the concentration of the solution is correct to ±1.0 %.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The reaction of the hydroxide ion with carbon dioxide and with the hydrogencarbonate ion can be represented by Equations 3 and 4.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Equation (3) OH<sup>−</sup> (aq) + CO<sub>2</sub> (g) → HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (aq)<br>Equation (4) OH<sup>−</sup> (aq) + HCO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"> (aq) → H<sub>2</sub>O (l) + CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> (aq)<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Discuss how these equations show the difference between a Lewis base and a Brønsted–Lowry base.</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Equation (3):</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Equation (4):</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate has a pH of approximately 7 at 298 K.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Sketch a graph of pH against volume when 25.0cm<sup>3</sup> of 0.100 mol dm<sup>−3</sup> NaOH (aq) is gradually added to 10.0cm<sup>3</sup> of 0.0500 mol dm<sup>−3</sup> NaHCO<sub>3</sub> (aq).</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="569" height="344"></span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Weak acid:</em> partially dissociated/ionized «in aqueous solution/water»<br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br><em>Strong acid</em>: «assumed to be almost» completely/100 % dissociated/ionized «in aqueous solution/water» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup> <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">shifts to left/reactants <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>to increase amount/number of moles/molecules of gas/CO<sub>2</sub> (g) <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note: </strong>Accept “shifts to left/reactants <strong>AND</strong> to increase pressure”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«K<sub>a</sub> =» 10<sup>–6.36</sup>/4.37 × 10<sup>–7</sup> = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{{[{{\text{H}}^ + }]}^2}}}{{[{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_2}]}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">[</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">]</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">[</mo>
<mrow>
<mtext>C</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">]</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span><br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«K<sub>a</sub> =» 10<sup>–6.36</sup>/4.37 × 10<sup>–7</sup> = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{{[{{\text{H}}^ + }]}^2}}}{{0.200}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">[</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">]</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>0.200</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">[H<sup>+</sup>] « <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\sqrt {0.200 \times 4.37 \times {{10}^{ - 7}}} ">
<msqrt>
<mn>0.200</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>4.37</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>7</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</math></span> » = 2.95 × 10<sup>–4</sup> «mol dm<sup>–3</sup>» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong><br>«pH =» 3.53 <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Note: </strong>Award <strong>[3]</strong> for correct final answer.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Between sodium and hydrogencarbonate:</em><br>ionic <strong>[✔]</strong><br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Between hydrogen and oxygen in hydrogencarbonate:</em><br>«polar» covalent <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«additional HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>» shifts position of equilibrium to left <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">pH increases <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Note: </strong>Do <strong>not</strong> award M2 without any justification in terms of equilibrium shift in M1.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«molar mass of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> =» 84.01 «g mol<sup>-1</sup>» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«concentration = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{3.0 \times {{10}^{ - 2}}{\text{g}}}}{{84.01{\text{ g mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}} \times \frac{1}{{0.100{\text{ d}}{{\text{m}}^3}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>3.0</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>84.01</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> g mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>×</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<mn>0.100</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext> d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> =» 3.6 × 10<sup>–3</sup> «mol dm<sup>-3</sup>» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note: </strong>Award <strong>[2]</strong> for correct final answer.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«1.0 – 0.6 = ± » 0.4 «%» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Equation (3):</em><br>OH<sup>-</sup> donates an electron pair <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>acts as a Lewis base <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Equation (4):</em><br>OH<sup>-</sup> accepts a proton/H<sup>+</sup>/hydrogen ion <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>acts as a Brønsted–Lowry base <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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K8DW2tbvJ1woIiWpshEAwAEnXaicZwTABB0mommxjdkuSuA1GUlErIllpDc8XneTjhQREtDZKIBAMKA6ZwAgDDQTLRkRwbHOQFDVUXjpDRaSicaRh+ZaIC9rmS4Ai+BMGA6JzAy9NgZADv+dM7myo3eDoBUlddvlPro1kV7uLI8KaKlKTLRAFuRaLhGLwNhwHROYGRoxwwAO/50zsy9mX4LWNFOtMzqRsmdVOrthANFtDRFJhpgqzrRIWPj5GAAlpjOCQAIA78TbVOSn1mAFe1E6y6LS1ciXANxKKKlITLRAHtlJdlMPAOM6RsSjnMCtrRjBoAtvxMtJ8FpH8BKpGgv14m2qSRcsTkU0dIQmWgAgDDQNyQc5wRs+VMEARiK9WY2MVgAsLOuocmdSMiXcH2gShEtTZGJBgAIOqZzAvaIHgDs6WkEHdixqrHa2wGQqomFBe5EAtM5EQhkogG2WlrolgGsMZ0TsNXW1kb0ADBSMnJkSrzMuwGQqkpJSixWK7nj87ydcKCIlobIRAPs5eXleysAVpjOCdiKxWLeCoAlzURLJpPSXLnR2wGQKh0s0B4vk7qqhLcTDhTR0hCZaACAMGA6JzAy9NgZAEOxNve8IhMNsFNVNE5yGquluLzE2wkHimhpikw0AEDQaScaxzkBW65jpiPDuwNgQY9J6/MqkaATDbAyIZJJJhqCg0w0wFZXMlyjl4Ew0E40jnMCdlwmGtM5AXNanNZOtJISOtEAK3V17aHMRMvo2cpbI03MOvIoOfyQmXLdTT/2dgCk6tbb7pTJkyfLiScc5+0ASNVDDz8qG6pXyILPXuztAEjVwv99UmrXJOTs+fO8HQCp8p9Xx82ZTSENo0Yz+Z6rf1MqJCpd9W+545C61oB+zRfrLOk9FhntGivrGprc9Ms3aqrch5Y7S3/PrgxW29LWJm/WV2/9m+0Ryfe6ovuvBzho2gz56PxTQjW0gyJaGpo54xA54+Pz5corLvN2AKTq6u/cIkfOeZ/M+dDR3g6AVP3hj/fKxvpuufiis7wdAKnS4rS++aGIBtjR55UOFph7+ineDsJOj+YuWbpqWN27a9askbWvrxSJF4k01rv88b5BfgP21jY0SmP1ehmTE5Et7V3bvVavWS9Njbt22mVLRreM6Xn7YOGO7oOoNG+CXPC1L8mH9n2fVBy6v7cbfBTR0pAW0WafNleu+/bXezcApIxONMCevinRF6YXXnCutwMgVRTRAHsLH1sktbVrQ9eJ5me46fRDDW/3r5pB1T2+XfZIFMpL7dWui0m7mvS6ISNXOguz+9ZqR4Um/Z7Tnqx2+VbjijLdOida5vY1/1Svrgi1HU0NbdIom6W7sd7dt2V0Sm5B6Tb3SgtP29PauUW6NoUrY2skdbe3SlbxBOmpqZGM0lK3N5x1btYYd83KHiudHZuHvR6bmSljc3MltyhXWutb3VWLhj6/iOivTzjuFJl3xtxQPa8ooqUhOtEAexTRAHvaiaYvtDnOCdihiAbY0+dVtzTIrGnHbndCp9/dtF2xNqldVC01BXWSLz2u8DRYPqgWnZq62qUgkiObxmTJHls6t7nf0tEs696sco8d2OHUf08LGdvT2rz9I3talOqs2yA9uXEZG81xBarIHnnbXNOd/nNqUSk3P9/9+9reVYtGWvzb+m/LFQX9qxq4F8/PloqJ73FfG468vHwpn1wgmVLo7QyPZvppYTSroUMm9LS6gqmuVf+C6cDHTOsZK92TMmRzVYZk7ROXztW9x0LHlve4PTXYftHUiZK5g0GH2Vv/t1y0epWsrVokp558NkU0jC4y0QB7FNEAew8+fI9UvtHDcU7AkN8xQxENOmhiuDZtavdW745mqXVdUJtKGoa85st4aV1bI11TiiT5wquydCcmYy59fpG7+kWn7V3XvF4pyfbt//NrgWRXj92FiX8EsP9RQO1k0gKaymhtdGu9Zo7dQySS0dfptDnZ7va3t94eLVJNmX5wX+dZZrzIrft3pOnewftPc1/fngMPPEjGxrO2Pglirmg56HWrGdOnkHE3iv618HF5smWjnDT1/VJxwGRvN/gooqUhOtEAe9dce4P7gUwRDbCjnWjaMcNxTsCGFk2efOo5OtECYvniFd7qnTT0W9/Mb27sPaI2kA5d0Q4lnVzXkYxKdjS5zb0Gfmv+kuYwaZB3c0ZE8nt6j0jpWjOatEDUu7H17Z6Geg9xra/a0HdUrn8nkxrqXq91NTWuS8k/ApbdVS8dkaId3qvd/biddjb5/160eNT/36N/Xzau999VNCfHFfn843H+vV7jZXu6xwzW7eSvCwp7C0ZDKSifLPFotnR157uOOP//Nb87rrssLu+J9hbRurLHSqRj8zuumWP2kf2KOvq6llT/DiU9QkqxCgM9vHiJrF/6DJ1oGH1kogH26EQD7OnxGKZzAraYzrljlS++Jq/VruvrVNG8J13rv7c336ySWFaXtHX2KxzptLk1G/oKE/1VV652XUpD0WKIXzwaeNUjcn53Tv+18rt3MnNypSsyRiKbO13XTxi4v9+uLd7dO+/fDQXxQne0bjj2m94baL69jjUNi9ejdzpJUGnByS9o9l+rD33oA246YjKyedCr0mNv2mnXl1Hmddzlrpe+brxIydb/P4egR+E6ckX22CNHttS0y5jSHLfvr/1rLLb9Ahowml5eskyefe41OfnoD9CJhtFFJxpgjyIaYI/pnIC90chE0w64wY4DaoFA9c/P0UJCXV27FBfnbHP1u7K0mOV3Z73yyrJ3FLT86Xf9M4U0F6q+qlo2d3e7UGv/Wq+dMgHueOrLk+rqkUh+viukadHMv1falRTtikpdd6tbK71PRpJuPZThFpCUdjhN3Lvcrf3C0XDWB1RM2vofd5LrWNJupczqxr5upqGuSoPmx4/f+ns9ff8PeIa6n3Ps4d7Ou0+PSTc3rZG5c8/0dgCkyj/OecIRB8o+JTs+phsUFNHSEJlogD2KaIA9fbPPdE7A1nCLaFr4Wru8yhW1fFqo0Dy1/jZWV25TxFKV697oXfjHArfSI4HKPxaoBgs0r95Y/45jfkEqdGkH02DKJu8psZ4s98+nV59mNE0q7D3q5nct+euKie9xQeCD0aLSXhO2/rvLyJFoNOr+myktMCkNAtdwb3864sDC0num57tOpu3h+JwdsgYBe3qcs3LR8zL3qFOkbP8ybzf4KKKlITrRAHs333it7LPfwRTRAENM5wR2jb6h1yOIPi1G6yQ/zceqfG2169BqrF7fl13lHrPurbTIofKP6Wn3lP/Ppv+cB0yeKhIvcllg/nXSvlPdB2ADaYFKu5q0kMhxNwyHFqeT7Q0y55DtT+cEMHyaG/mPpY+SiYbRRyYaYI9ONMCevilZ/UY9xzkRKglvQqBmGPkh2hoS73cNtWe0S0ZHjWRKb0eTdhjVJGuktKlY2gsSUpfY7I4k+rRjyQ929zudqtes977a692cCtg/8Fz5Rwi1cKXZX3pMcmxurgs194t0etW/d+3K6k87tPILCvpC7/U6aXxJX7dVNLtHkh0Z7n7PPctcXlSlJKVCerOlps3cz12B0UYnGmDPP8557KSDQvX9niJaGqITDbB39XdukSPnvE/mfOhobwdAqpjOidGin3676YhbafFraWJj33E6pV1d/tE8va55vXKbri6djOcbGCqvQfJd/t67GATvd2jp30/Lurfk4BNPejs3zJvQp51q/e29d3lfQcunXVqdhdlSXr/RFQUnFhb07nu5Zjpxr6DznYHnHB1EOtOBHc0baslEAww98uhqeWvdQ3SiYfSRiQbYoxMNsKedaEznhNJjdf2nyunUOV+z1LpJdTqxzp9mpwWdzLU98r+v/8sdCc6Jlrmpitrh5Re/Fr202PsTegtdI93NtSWjW8b0ZEp3e6v05MbdNEUNh9eCmh8S33/t006vKdMPlu7G+r5OroP3n7ZNoP6BBx7kilsavq/TJGdMnzLkGw4XgN5cI3NPP8XbAZAqvxPtuDmzKRgDRvQDrUeWLpT/OPxkpnNidNGJBtijiAbYYzpnetIXxb51HRv6Ji1qp5cWvDqSvUf1/Awvv/Dla2zucHlevrqaGtfdVZyZKzUtbx+DtKRHGJUeY8ybuFffZEPN3dJw/P0qpvV1dGmQvh8er/SfYWxJtjuuWVNQJ6XRUskrHS+Rjt7Afi1+TYnnSTIj0xX/tBA4km/COXYG2NMPfbqlQU4+gU40wIoOFli/9Bk60TD6yEQD7FFEA+zpmxKmcwabFsTeqKlyhaC1VYtcnpfSwtfaht7jj61NNS7DSwtd/tTF/jrrNkhW8YTeI44jfLxxr/JJ3kqkrGIfl8nld6ZpyHx2NCltbeOl4j0ZMqV0uvfIXoU5cWndUwY9qrjHHjkugF7z0IL+Ql+PndWuSVBEAwzRiQbYe3nJMnntyVflQ8d9kE40jC460QB711x7gztOQxENsMN0ztT5IfdKjzn6NJzdz7TSI4B+N9jqFS/3HRF8+bXlfZlZVa8slc3d3S40PrH191nSLi+dCqlX7SZLRpKu4FaUPdb9Nf2uL592f03cu7wvj+ygaTO8r4jL7xo/flJfZtfko2dJ7pje4Hv00uK0dv1RRAPs6PNK8ToQsEMnGgKDTDTAHp1ogL0HH75HKt/o4ThnP61btsiaJ5+WzpISWb++ui/sXq8tLb1h9ZXr3nBHHrUAVt9Y7aY5Kj12uLm11a3rvaOESgtYFrQI1n9S4/jCQvfXzi0odR1fvkml+4oU9HacadFLJzBGc3onVWpHW3FxjtTVtbtcLx+dHXboRAPs0YkG2CMTDYFBJxpgjyIaYG93mc6p3WLPv9Abcq+DFF5fttat9ThkdeVqiebkyOqVb+eIvVv06KN2fenEyenT9u/djBfJvuV5Mn7SQS7T6z2l5aEaOw860YCR4GeizZp2rORXUEQDLIS1OE0RLQ2RiQbYo4gG2NM3JUGczln54mvSPSlDNldlyLqGJre3eXPvNdneINU1vWvtDNNsMFVZ+YbrytKClAbhK4tpkH7gvd8Bpsctx+bmuuKXivVkuYmOfuB9xcT3uP3ikrFuYqV2gU3NL5aqonFSIVEKYrsBimiAPf/N/qnzTucIOWDE70Q7fvqcUL0+oYiWhuhEA+zdfOO1ss9+B1NEAwy929M59U2Q0oKYDjRQy5YvcdlbfleYFqc0JF+PK7Y2N0tnslayouNdhpcei+xub5XMnN4C1q7yw+9d9lfB3n3THnXKo9L8Rd+krIjLNdMjkNGusZK1T1wiq+old1Kp+zrHijAQRTTAHsekAXt0oiEwyEQD7NGJBtjTN/s7ms7Z1tYmW2rapaNf3aor0SmbShpcp5j6d2O11K5dJh3JqKx9faULo1/3ZpXLCNNCWCodYV2RMRLp2uKKZzphcnOyXcZGc7yvivTU1EhGaalMeW+5ywZTB+8/TfK68yS7tEMmlR/u9jT/i4IX3g3+mxLe7AN2/OI0mWiAHe1E+8fSR+XD04+jEw2ji040wN7V37lFjpzzPpnzoaO9HQCp0uK0Hok86ZCDZU2kRTKSsb4OsYaaamluanIFMQ3R726sl+ZkUpLt7VK9sd49JpXA/MzWNlf8KhtX5DrCtOC23/T9RZq3vizyjkXqUc3p7z/cdcuNK8p0Iflq//ET3VW7wXgzhaChEw2wp51ozRtqZe7cM70dAKliOicCg0w0wB6daMDOaa7cKItWrxKJtckzC/8lJXlt8o+lr7uv6bHJDa8td0Ws/p1dutaur1QUb/0zs7OjbnJkUfkEd0xy0r5TXQFs/PhJMrGwoPdx5SXu2l92qxAYjdDj2BlgL6zHzoAg0060JxY9Ix+df4pMiZd5u8FHES0N0YkG2KOIht2NHqPctKndreuqEu7aP2Rfp5S9+sqb7v7l15a7TrE31q51GWJtySy3v1O6eiSSn++OR+ZN3MttaS6Z0umVY3IicsDkqa4z7cgPHuU6bfbdd7pM6GmV6GEHhOrFFzCS6EQD7OnzSgfL0IkG2NHi9NqqRXLSB+ZJ2f4U0TCKyEQD7FFEQzpanVgubyxtdkUxfdP95ptV7ghjU0ObNMpmaW3qnTK5cUOduza0tkln3YadDtbXCZM6XVK7xLQYNnHv8r4w/3h+thz5niMkPrX3k/2M0vHuqpMktVtsjz1yJBaLuT0AO0YRDbCnb/abm2vkyCM+TCcaYIRONAQGnWiAvWuuvcFNzKOIhjBJJDbK8y8sdm+olz6/yHVxrVj6mssUSyVPbCCdNqm5YtopJvEimfX+w2Ts2IIdhunrm/0N1StkwWcv9nYApIoiGmCPTjTAHp1oCAwy0QB7dKJhNOnRyuY1zW4ipd85pscpq9b0Hq+0mEjpd4vpEUr/+KROm9ROMe0aK5owQfbeu1yi2T2y/+Tp7vekOknpwYfvkco3euTii87ydgCkiumcgD0y0QB7Ly9ZJs8+95qceOZ02adkmrcbfBTR0hCdaIA9imh4N2ix7B//+4p7ob6xulJWrm+QLYkmWVG5XDa3tkpP1hjp7NgsrZ1bdrqTrCBe6ApkZRX7uMLYQXtOl/ikQhe4r11jxcU5Eu0a6x6rxyjfjZD9P/zxXnflzT5gQ7+HPPnUc3SiAca0E00/vDr5BDrRACtaRFv80lNM5wyimq1vPDLbO3b5P4z/+7tzsqU0d+dyYEYDmWiAPYpo2FV6pNLXLLWyuSrDBfRroaz/Ecu3qtZ6j9qx7vZWySqe4N310kD+g088yRXIKia+x3WNaYEsyP/P6puSNWvWyIUXnOvtAEgV0zkBe3SiAfYeXrxEVv1zhZx89Aek4oDJ3m7wpX0RTb/h3fW7O92bijtuuc3b3T4tmi37v1dl8eJnpXLdG1vf9fS4gOVJhXF3nGXmzCNkzrGHe48OHjrRAHs333it7LPfwRTR8A5aJNPplaubVkhGMuaKQso/YtnY3CGN1eulOZGQ+o7Nw+4g8zvHNGvMD+LXvLFJ40tccUx/TcqKSOmMGaF9Qa+daNoxQxENsEMmGmDP70SbNe3YEe/SBnYX/1r4uDz65mvyyZPn04kWJCeedpKsXPKqW69aU+mu26MFtG9+7XJZeO+fh5w+ph0Ac+adIT/+yc2SO2aMtxscZKIB9uhE271pu/mbG+tlzdJF0tYZkZdfW+4mV1avWe+OViqdWqndYTtzzFJzyMrGFcl+0/fv6x47ZOpB7mt6pNIXlk7onUUnGmCPIhpgz+9EO3Xe6YF8/weEkU7nfGTpQpn/gTMYLBAE2hnwjcu+IY8//f96N7p6ZNWbvd0BQ9H/iF+49At9R2r8kOWyyXvKlvYu10VQ3dQkka7eN0z7TN1Pfv/73weuakonGmDv6u/cIkfOeZ/M+dDR3g7CxD9SqR1jSo9TOrE22dzY6Qo5LS3NrvvY7xyrq6nZ6ewx/bmh9GfH2MxMGZub29tJVrC3FBTGZPr7D+/LIAtyR/O7hUw0wJ4W0ZgiCNjyO9Hef+SJafmhFjAawnpMOi2LaK6A9t2r5fEHH/F2eu2oE+3yL31F7n/gfrfWcf2XX3mVzJx8UF9VVP/c519YLNdd88O+QtvMWcfIz264LlD/0clEA+zRiRZ8rVu2yJonn5a1nV2uC+PNN6ukfsMGWdvQ2Pv1phr3gYhOraxfXSkZpaU7Hc7f/8MVnVypx/zVvgdNkpxoWV+BTM2YPsVdw3rU8t1w3/1/lerqajrRAEP+mxKK04Ad/3l18gdnc5wTMOJ3oh0/fU7KE9/fTWlXRNP/EJ/43Px3jPbXNz4rX13m3b3TqsZq+diMD7q1Pva+m34i75sz290PpH+N0z41z7350sya3//yj4H6j04nGmCPItro0ElzsVhsm/XqxHJZ8cKb8sory1znmIbyV2+s3+mC2GD0+//kiXvJ5LLJrnNs0r5T3X/395SWh+qHe1i4TrSaLjn70o97OwBSwXROYGQwsAOwRyfaKNPC1v889jf59W9/2/dGSrvJ+k87214n2h9+8if51k+vcuvZJx+/wyEE533xgr5Ot+/88NpAfUMlEw2wRxFt5OiHGJFV9VuvW793x9rci1R9A6hee+MNqf33SmlOJt3xyoEfkAzF7xjTI5VF5b3dxBrOr0c1D95/muTl5Uv55ALJlEJXIBtb3iP7lExzj8O7R4/HrKxeKV/+7Be9HQCpIhMNsOcfk54+e5ZMiYcnuwkIMq3h/GPpo/Lh6cfRiTYatHDU/82VFsK+/83vyQcPO9Td76gTrf8Agp/edscO3yhfc+0Nctftt7r1gvMvDFTXF51ogD19zh944EEU0VKgPyg1i2xt1SKpS2x2XWTr3qyS1vpW2dy69Vd3t8sg04D+oQa7DKQfluxXMU0kP0MOmjbDFTr1OOWEnlaJFO3VF86f3br1IRy/CBwy0QB7dMwA9lwRLZmUuaef4u0ASNXDi5fI+qXPyKknn00n2miYMrnCXbVYdvGFF8knj5/r3jD5+2p7nWj65u6JRc/IsuVL5EufvniHldD++WlBK6KRiQbYoxNtaAND+9+oqeo7arn6jXWyacN6SdT3PmY49Pu4T7vJcvPzpaxiH9dBptMrx4+fRCh/mrjvvnukuqaJTDTAEJ1ogD0y0QB7fg3mo/NPCVWHZ9oU0bRwdPyJJ8kZnz1xmyM5/Ytr2+tE2xn6hvHjn/6MrHn1FXc/nM61dxOdaIA9imhv0x94WijTiZZrX1/pgvv9aZbDPW6peZIazh/ryZKi8glSEMlx+WMazK+/JmVFpHTGDEL505x2otVHRb54Om/2ASsU0QB72uHZvKGWqbeAIS1O6wmVkz4wr2+YYxikTRFNC1uDvdkabifaztAXJ5dccJ5bB3WwAJlogK3duYimP+CWL3tKnn36/2TZqtVubzgh/nrUMrcoVw6YPLUvoP/9h830viqSU1gg3W828YnubozpnIA9v2OGIhpgxy9Ohy0AHQiyl5csk2efe01OPHN6qLKJ06aINhS/iNbd3ipv1PQeNUqFvjC56JLP972BPP200wN3bJJONMDezTdeK/vsd3BaFtH845hLlq5ywf6vL/m3O9quUy/7D2fpT7+nZhVPkMLcmPswIV62Z99xy0OmHsQkSwyLHudsaKqRBZ+92NsBkAqmcwIjQ98DNjetoRMNMPSvhY/Lo2++Jp88eT6ZaEHiF9G6ImOkcvW/3XpX6TfP73/3ir43lfrG8Z6nHg7c+V0y0QB76daJpkcyX1uzVP696k15+bXlwzqOOXXGAW7CZcXE97ghCxrgP7GwgIIZdpl2or21vk0uvugsbwdAqjjOCdjzB3bQiQbY0fcjj61dJmfsd2SojnNmete0Nzaa4612jXZqXHnZ+X0FtMzWNnn6xecDGYDX2twsRRMmeHcALFQnOmRsPMu7Cw/tStBf+j1M86fOPOdzctB+E+XkucfLFV+50k0ZXvz0E7J65YptCmiaIzlz1jFy6eVfkwfve8Qdh3/ogb/JHbfc5rpctZio4f4U0JAKnXQWi9V6dwCsRLPT+jNy4F23ubFTotEoBTTAkE7tz2ms9u7CY7cpog0nv2co+onex+bM6XuDqR1oP7rzF5I7Zoy7D6L69g5vBcBCWUm2ewEVdKsTy933LC2YXXPtDfKZ878oR3zoI/LBww6Vb111hSuYtSXfLgbq97N9pu7nCmafPuczblDKwr885Aax3HP3L11WFYUyjBQdItHWNt67A2BBu4STHRneHQAL7nmVTPZFYABIXXFxjnsduKlkeIPJgmK3Oc4pXT2y6s01veudoG9Ev/uD7/cV4fQN5/d++Ss5YeYMd29N/3rP/POp3pvmrf9p8vu9CBp4P4SnnnhOTp0zR7769au8na2/VWplj0ShtO4pEllVL7mTSqUpq5M1a9bDXN/75/ukrKxMjjziw9KV6HTf7Ac+p+qqElJcXtL3fPMfM5LXzVUZblLmK68sk2e3fu+oXrNeWju3DPnBgXaYHTRlH5n5oQ9vcyRzbHmP5MvIFTOG++87d724fy79e2mtbZHc8XnenzA4/Xfd/+/bvx/4Z6n+fy2f/98qUtJbWNzRvf/fWLWuren7s3Z23f/P2Z3Xjy583B07m3fG3G2eV1y5ct316wtrnpbmld1y3CeO2+Z7mP/c48qV6zuv/s9o/+o/d/R5pa8jnn9hcd9ggcEew5Ur1+Ff9Tmlz583ljbL668vda8DyUQLkF2dzqmfMuiLe+3c8GkBbaQncWru0s23/kx6amoko7RUijNzpa67dYf3uVljpGXdW1IyYR+padngsotOOO4UaUx2SDya7f3pAHZVV7JBItFC727XDfWcHO5+S0uzu1aue2NYwf/6vaFs8p4uy+ygPadv/UY2vO6E/v+8O/pnH+qx+veeJ20S6YgP+687lL4/a+uf3X8tTVt/hG39s92/p46xvX8db28bA/YG/nvd3v3Ar8GW1XMLwNv4vgXYG87Pq6Gee+z3Yr8X+2/Ljiblw9OPC9XJl92miKbdF3o8aTi0gHb9D34o9z9wv7cjcvD0GfLdb/5oxP/j+i3C2jHRubrRdYdk1uZI115RibyVlO7x7e5euzO0S0Pbit2nJ1vX+hj9PZ/43HyZfdTR8plPft79WapSklIhUUlGNku0a2zfff+vsWbNeuh15aLn3dEznTw52OP851b/vcEe5xt47xtqf3XTCnnmr8/KopcWS/XG+nd0mun3uCnvLZcDJk+VSftOdX+v48dPcl1mO+L/vQ/n+8OESGbfY/qvB3u8r//ewL/GcO8Hs72/1nD/nMH+jMH4v3/gn6uG+msOtT/wz+r/Z6jdaf+llcvcJ/sVh7+/73H+1/r/XvbYY2/bve2tdWjM+owMOXbSQX3Pu/5f7/9cZM2ade96R88R/XmliopnStn4TW5vqOegGnjvY78X+7129309TfNGslHOOiJcAzvoRBuEBm9rbpBv9snHuzDtsJg54xA54+PzXfg3ABujNZ1TC+u//NWv5de//e2ghTM9uq0Fcy2mZ7eK5FcQeIvwuO++e6S6psll7wGwwXROwJ4+r7qlQWYfdbLEYjFvF8Cu0sFnTz+3Qd5a91DoOtF2m8EC+mZzR/TN6nlfvGCbAtqC8y+U67/8Pe8OAN4dOvL5Rz+5Xj5y1NFugqYW0LoiY2Sv8kmusH/7Xf/lumuvu+nH7oeOfnpDAQ2hk5Ha5GwA7xTGSdJA0HVlj5XmxgwKaIARfS5pV6fSZoAwYTpnPxoc/viDj7i1Ft2+88NrXTdX2N6Y5ubnS/2GDd4dgLC58Ve3yBcu/YL88qe39X3v0umZ3//eD+Qv993nOmPnHHu42wfCLBqNuiwMAHbCMEkaCJucnt4PfbR7BoCNrERC2uNlLpoqTHabIpqGbG+PdqFpoL/vq19Z0NcG37plS983zIFXP8MsSFqbm6VowgTvDoAFDZMdaasTy+XE006S2757Y9/AAO08e/C+R+Seu3/pvieFKS8A2BE9cqajzQEACLRYm0Sze+hEAwxVFY2TnMbqHU7jD5rdpojWkxv3VoPTQQJ+x4d2of35nkfcm1n9deZ/niZnbH3zquuB109//hy55tob3O8Lkvr2Dm8FwMJITg/Uovwf/nivzJtztqxc8qrb0+LZpZd/TZ5+5qlQZQQAO0MHYMRitd4dAAsc5wTsaYdnsiMjkA0UQFjpkDL9MJVOtIAaGx06d0W/Gf75wb96d71HP1evXOHezA7n18uvLfd+Z3AU5Qw+QhZAsKxqrJZvX3W1fOuqK6Spsbfb7fTTTnfHNglbR7qjEw2wx3FOwJ4Wp7UTjRMBgB09zrkllqATLWi0q2xHQwXqqhKuyOY/dmd/xfODV7Dawnl9IPC0gH/91d+V+x+4390XxAvl2ht/6oYF8CINuwPtRNMXTwAABFpbjE40wFikaC937UqE68OfjJ6tvHVa0nHEY8cWyISeVnnfnNne7rb0m+GSfy9zn9xNyorI2s4u93s2b256x31Z9iap79nTrZXuTywsCNRxq5kzDpEzPj7fDUUAYEMnZR40dbqceMJx3k5qdPrmZd+7zHWzqqkzDpAvXXQ1AwOwW9FjzO3Jalnw2Yu9HQCp0te+2uXpZ/sCSJ0+r5LtDTJ37pneDoBUPbx4iTSsfF0+MOdA2adkmrcbfGlfRNsdzTryKDn8kJmumwWAjVtvu1MmT55sUkTTI5xfO+d8eXnpEnc/e9bH5I67b3drYHdy3/1/leTaTXL2pR/3dgCkauFji6S2di1FNMCQ/7w6bs5sTgsARv618HF5+t+r5YRZx0nFAZO93eDbbTLRdidM5wSCSztfv37J1/sKaDNnHSPfv+H7bg3sdnrapaagzrsBkCo3PT5GpAdgzpvOSQENsKPTOTXag0w0BALTOYHg0QLaN757tSx++gl3rx1oP7vhOl6QYfeVkSOlTcXeDYBUxWIxBgsAI4FMNMBchUSlJlnjMurDhCJammI6J2CruaM3BzEVf/rdXfL4g4+4tXag6RFOCmjYrdGJBgAIAc3DphMNsLWuoUlKo6VSXF7i7YQDRbQ0lJufL/UbNnh3ACzkZxd4q12jwZl3//Yety4uLZWrPzHfrYHdWkaOZMVLvRsAFsbGs7wVACs6TI5ONMCWDmikEw2BQCYaECyaUXPtpV+SpsYGd/+9H/x0yGnBwO4kmUxKTmO1dwfAAsc5AXvaiZYfpxMNsFQpScmXHjrREAxkogHB8evf/F7eqlrr1gvOv1DmHHu4WwO7u2g0Km1t4707AACCSTvRmhvpRAMsaSZaRzLq3YUHRbQ0RSYaYKsr2dtFtrOWL14hv7v7V269V/kk+dxnP+PWALbqaZdYrNa7AQAgmPxOtOxWbwNAyjQTLTua9O7CgyJaGiITDbAXiRZ6q53zyNKFUldT49bzzprPMQCgv4wcOtEAY2SiAfb8TrT8Cl7HAVaKi3tfB7bWtng74UARLQ2RiQbYa0zu2hHpv9/zsLsWxAvlwgvOdWsAvTQTjU40wE5zJUfNgJHQkUmDAjAStsQSkjs+z7sLB4poaYpMNMBWPLrzR6QXPrZIVq9c4dZfvvxKdwXwtng8TicaYEi7ZBgsANjL7u5tUCATDbBTV9cupdFSaV3be2onLCiipSky0YDRpRM5b/rZ99xau9DOnj/PrQG8rbGxUSKZzd4dAAABFWuTaDbTOQFLepyzJlkjuZNKvZ1woIiWhshEA0bfU8tfl+X/XOTWs4862l0BbEs70cIYKAsEGZlowAhoi0myg+mcgKVo11h37UqEq4OaIloaIhMNsNfSMvxuGe1Ce+p3v5PMnFyJ7JEnc06iCw0YjHaicZwTsMVxTsCeTuekEw2wpdM59TjnppIGbyccKKKlKTLRAFt5efneasc2bWqXRS8tdusp7y2XGdOnuDWAbWknGsc5AQBBp9M56UQDbOlxTv1AdY9EobcTDhTR0hSZaMDoeXTh4/JW1Vq3/o9TjuNTS2AI+sKJ45wAgKDTTrT8OJ1ogKUNXd3udWCkJFwxBBTR0hCZaMDo+uO9v3VXPcq54LMXuzWAd9I3JBznBAAEnXaiNTfSiQZYKq/fKDnRMqmrSng74UARLQ2RiQbY60oO76z+wscWycolr7r1xZ+40F0BDE7fkHCcE7Cn2U0A7LhMtGiUTjTAUFXRODeds7i8xNsJB4poaYpMNMBWJDq8s/p/+Z+73VW70D624Ei3BjA4zUQDYMvPbgJgxz2vkkk60QBDFRJ1V6ZzIhDIRANsNSZ3XJhevniF/HPhX936qGM+IiWtHFMDtkcz0eIded4dAAvaMQPAFplogD1/OieZaBh1ZKIB9uLRHRemX1q5TFo6c9z6yA8eJfkVvNACtkc70WoK6rw7AACCiUw0wN7EwgJ3nJNMNIw6MtGA0fHXv/9dIl1bpCBeKMfNme3tAhiKm86ZpHMaABBsfidadqu3ASBlficamWgIBDLRgHdXc+VGWfLiC2596BEfoN0fGAbtRNPR5gDsjI2H61gMEAZ+J1rm3gXeDoBUaSdae7KaTjQEA5logK2Wlu1PELz3yT9I16YWt/7Spy92VwDbp51obW1kBwJW9AMdAPb8TrRNST74AaxUSu/ziU40jDoy0QB7eXn53mpwv/vN/e66V/kkmTZzP7cGsH3aiRbJ3H6BGsDwaRbn5sZwTTkDwsDvRMtJcNoHsKLTOTuSUWnKYjonRhmZaMC7a+Fji+StqrVuPe+s+e4KYMdcJhrHOQEAAdeRucF98FNbSJEasKKZaPo6MHe9txESFNHSFJlowLtn8eJn3TWyR54cc/iRbg1gx/QNCcc5AVvaMQPAVnb3BPfBz5R4mbcDIFXFxTnudeCmkgZvJxwooqUpMtEAW13Jwb+566jzZ//5lFtPeW+57FUUrjP9wGjSNyQc5wTstLW1uewmALb0eRXN7iF3EDCUlUjIllhC8iVcH6hSREtDZKIB9iLRQm+1LZ0mU72mtwf5gMlTXR4NgOHRTjQAdmKxGNM5gRHgd3iOKc1xVwCpixTtJVnxUulKkImGUUYmGmCvMTn4EelHli6UpsbeLrU5J81zVwDDQyYaYI/BAoA97URLdmS4QjUAG5qJltNY7d2FB0W0NEUmGmArHh38iPTKp19z1+72Vvnwhw50awDDkx/vIRMNABB42ommxzk1xgOADTLREChkogHvjqde/Ie7/ufHP8Wnk8BOam7MIBMNGAH6Zh+AHe1EG5sjklPI4A7ASl1d+9b3T7VkomH0kYkGvDseevhR6drU4taf+eTn3RXA8GkmGsc5AXt67AyAHe1E0w9+2hsY3AFYmdDTKu3xMmmt7X0/FRYU0dIQmWiAvZaWd3bL/Paee9y1IF4o02bu59YAhk8z0TjOCQAIOu1E0wiC7FZvA0DKqorGuUy03PF53k44UERLU2SiAbby8vK9VS8dcb7kxRfc+tAjPuCuAHaOdqJxnBOw5U8RBGDH70TL3JvnF2App6lE6qoS3l04UERLU2SiASPrmcpn+45yHvnBo9wVwM5hOidgTztmANjyO9E2JfmZBViZEMmUmoI6KS4v8XbCgSJaGiITDRh5axfVSFdkjMSinTJ+/CRvF8DO0E40jnMCAILO70TLSXDaB7AS7Ror2cnwNf9QREtDZKIB9rqS245efmbF8xLp2iKF46fIQR84wNsFsDO0E43jnIA9pnMCtjoyN7gPfjjOCdhZ19AUyhMJFNHSFJlogK1ItNBbiSQSG6W6crVb7zd9fynNzXVrADtH35AAsMd0TsBWdvcE98EP0zkBO52F2ZITLSMTDcFAJhpgqzH5dmH6hao35a2qtW5NHhqw68hEAwCEgWaiaYdnSck4bwdAqsrrN0p9VKQwJ1wfqlJES0NkogH24tG3C9OVi573ViKzZxzprQDsLA1pJhMNsMV0TsCePq+0w1NPIwCwESnaSzKrG2VTybaxOUFHES0NkYkGjKyHH/2ru5YUjZOy/cvcGsDO05BmMtEAO21tbUznBEaAP52TTjTAjp+Jli/h+kCVIlqaIhMNGDkrl7zqrkccOctdAewazUTjOCdgJxaLeSsAlvzpnHSiAXYm9LRKe7xMWmtbvJ1woIiWpshEA2z50zkXPrbIXdVRn/yktwKwKzQTjeOcgD2mcwK2/E607FZvA0DKqorGSU5jteRkRL2dcKCIlobIRAPs+dM5Fy9+1l0zW9vksPK93RrArtFONI5zArb87CYAdvxOtMy9yRwErFRIVDqSUWnd09sICYpoaYhMNMCeP53zySced9f3fuQwcjGAFDGdE7BHJhpgz+9E25TkZxZgxc9Ey13vbYQERbQ0RSYaYEunc+ob/rqaGnc/ecr73BXArtNONI5zAgCCzu9Ey0nwHguwMrGwgE40BAeZaIC9N9+sktbOLW69/3ve464Adp0WpjnOCQAIuo7MDe6DH45zAnb8TrSCzixvJxwooqUhMtGAkVG57g3p2tQikT3yZPLkyd4ugF2lb0gA2BobD9ebESAMsrsnuA9+2re+6Qdgo7g4x51IYDonRh2ZaIA9nc5ZX9VbnO6pqZH3HzbTrQHsOjLRAFvNlRu9FQBLmommU2/JwwXsbOjqllisVnLH53k74UARLU2RiQbY0umctQ0Nbj1h/2m8iAIMaEgzmWiAnfyKcbK5sdO7A2DFn3qbSFCoBqyU12+UnGiZ1FUlvJ1woIiWpshEA2xVJzqkemO9Wx9+zBx3BZAaDWkmEw0AEHT+dE4+RAXsVBWNk5pkjRSXl3g74UARLQ2RiQbYK8lrc3loavq+73VXAKnRTDSOcwK2tGMGgC1/OiedaICdCom6a1ciXB3UFNHSEJlogL1XK9d6K5Gz58/zVgBSoZloHOcE7LS1tbmOGQC2/E607FZvA0DKdDpnabRUIiVM50QAkIkG2Fr3ZpW7FsQL3RVA6rQTjeOcgJ1YLMZ0TmAE+J1omXvT6QlYmVhY4I5zkomGQCATDbD12isr3fXQIz7grgBSx3ROwB6DBQB7fifapiQ/swArficamWgYdWSiAbY0/yLStcWtD9pzursCSJ12onGcEwAQdH4nWk6C0z6AFe1Ea09W04mG0UcmGmDr+RcWeyuRfQ+b4a0ApEo70TjOCdiLZvd4KwAWOjI3uA9+OM4J2NFONEUnGgKBTDTAziuvLHPXyB55Ulyc49YAUqdvSADYS3ZkeCsAFrK7J7gPftq9N/0AUqedaB3JqDRlMZ0TAUAmGmCnct0b7lo2rkjy9yKwGbBCJhoAIAw0E007PEtKxnk7AFJVKUn3OjB3vbcREmlfRNMso+WLV7hfu2JVY3Xf79c/KwzIRAPsNFdulPqq3udTWcU+UtJKfhNgRUOayUQDbGl2EwBb+rzSDs+wvB8EwqC8fqN7HbippMHbCYe0L6I9uvBxOe1T89yvnaHfIM/74gVyzhGny4knHCEnzDtZPnLU0TLryKPkoYcf9R4VTGSiAXYSubVS29D7jT2eny35FXwCCVjRkGYy0QBb2jEDwJY/nZNONMBOVdE4icVqJV/C9YFqWhfRtHvsxuuuka5NLe7XcGmRTAtmjz/4iNS0bJDMnFw3mU//jLeq1solF5wnZ57zuUB/EkEmGmBjc1WGK0yrggh5aIAlzUTjOCcAIOj86Zx0ogF2JkQyXSdaa+3wazVBkLZFNC2gfeaCT0tTY28HiQaCD8cf/nivfPmrl/UV3WbOOkYuvfxr8p0fXiuzTz6+789Z/PQTcsGCBYH9RkomGmDjjZqqvu8jk/ad6q4AbGgmGsc5AXtM5wRs+Z1o2a3eBoCU1dW1u0603PHDq9UERVoW0VYnlssnPjdf6mpqvB0ZVieaFsS++4Pv9z1Wi2f33P1LufCCc+Xs+fPkjltuk+eeelIK4oXu6y8vXSK//NWv3TpIyEQD7OibfB+TBAFb+pziOCdgj+mcgC2/Ey1zbzIHAStM5wyAylfXyA9uvEVOOOrMvs4RX3f79j820PDwP/3urr4CmnadafFsID0Hf80Nt0tma5u7f+yZZwLXjUYmGmDnmX8+5a1E8krpmAEsMZ0TABAGfifapiQ/swArTOccZQsfWyQXff0i+fXNN/YVwk4/7XR3VT252+8g0bDwfyx93a31yOYpx5/m1oOZc+zhcvTH57r1Gy/+U55/YbFbBwmZaIANfzKndqBGOja7NQAb2onGcU7AFtM5AXt+J1pOgvdYgBWmc46y8xecJSuXvOrWWgRbcP6Fct1NP3b3amx0+4Hg2k225MUX3Do3a4y8/7CZbj2UionvcVcdOrBkxUq3DhIy0QAbb6xd665Tph/srgDsaCcaxzkBO21tbUznBEZAR+YG98EPxzkBO0znDIKuHncM82c//YVcecVl3mavHWWi1VUl+h5TXFq6w/HF+x96qLcSWfL0E94qGMhEA2xocd0/Gh7PpzANWCNnELAVi8W8FQBL2d0T3Ac/7Q0UqQErTOccZTpF88EH/p8L/9fjlgPtaDrna2uWeiuRyftWeKuhvTde5q1EahuC1X5IJhpgY8nSVd5K5KBpM7wVACtkogEjg+mcgC3t8NTn1Y4aLQAMH9M5R5lO0Zw2cz/v7p121IlWXfP2pwoFke0f/VTF5SXeauvv3VjvrYKDTDQgdYsXP+uuOyrCA9g1GtJMJhpgS7ObmM4J2PKfV0EbKAeE2YSeVmmPl9GJFlQ7ms659vW3c80m7TvVWw2t/6cQOyrQjQYy0YDUvfzacnedPHEvdwVgS0OayUQDbJGJBtjzp3PSiQbY0Uy0nMZqOtGCakfTOdMJmWiAjapXeo95x8v2dFcAtjQTjeOcAICg86dz0okG2NHpnDnRMpdPHya7TRFtR9M5N43J8lbhRyYakDp9kVTfsdmtJxUSfg6MBM1E4zgnACDo/E607O0fbgKwE7QTbWN99zZRWWGw2xTRdnTkco8tnd4qPZCJBqSm/yci+x40yVsBsKSdaBznBGyNjafPB8NAUPidaJl7F3g7AFKl0zn1dWCz1Ho74ZDRs5W3TktTJnuTNrt6ZNWba3rXg7jm2hvkrttvdetLz7tSLvzaeW69Pf6f3RUZI5Wr/+3Wqbr1tjvlV3f+3B3J1I6y7V1V/7Xvraq1MnvWx+TIjx7t7QDYWUufXyT3P3C/y1P8z/O/JJPG935Com/6AdjQTjTF8wqww/MKsLe951V7stodSeuPPfYUe4Pv+dzXmkrkuE8cF6q8wd2niLbVqjWV3uqd/vDHe+VbV13h1rNPPl7uuOU2tx7K8sUr5OS5x7t1SdE4+edLL7p1qh56+FH56yMPeHfbGpOdL1s6dvyJ/VNPPCdHHfMR+c9Tz5GOzA2SkYx5XwEwHF3ZY+W5Bx+UPz/4V3d/2Ve+6q76wmn8+EmENgNG1qzp/XBr8uTJ7gogdfpmX9+YTCgbemo9gJ2zveeVvm6MeBEgPvbYU+wNvqd0v7OpWdY2rpXjp8+RaTPD8zNrtymiRfbIk5WvLnPrwaxqrJaPzfigW0+dcYA89MDf3HooCx9bJOcvOMutZ846Ru65+5duPVKaKzdKfsW21dmBe/79zBmHyOyjjpbrbvqx9xUAO8vvTi2IF8pf/nC/PPz0o+6N/oknHOc9AkCq9IMjLaRdeMG53g6AVOnzSt/wnz1/nrcDIFV/ffwpaamp5XkFGNKaSm3tWjluzuxQdaKRieYZ35DlCm2qes36HU5eef313ql96t0IHR9YQFMD9/rfM1gASI0/4TYre2zoxi4DYZFMMpkTsKbZTQBs5fTkSDS7R2pamSwAWJlYWOA+9AlbJtpuU0TzC2RDqS3slIOm7OPWrZ1bZMnSVW49lGcWLfJWIrOO+6i3ApAOtIi+tqE3+2LchGL3yUhLC+HngDUtopHbBNjRUwkSa/PuAFjxozxyEgxvA6ysa2iS7GhS8iVck9rpRPNMiZfJEbM+4Nb62MWLn3XrwWgeWnXlarcuLi2V95SWu3VQ6KABv4sGwK5pbapx19yCUnfNy9t2gAeA1EWj0b6wZgCp01MJmxvTa+I8EATa4ZnsyBj0dBCAXVNcnCNtbeOltXb7tZqg2W2KaDphb0emHXRUX8far66/Xu67vzdUvD8toH375uvdBEx15Ac/HLgQPJ3YyXFOIDV6rFu9G8e1gd2VdqLpJ5AAAASZdqLlxznOCVja0NUtsVht6KJzdpsiWk/ujt8Izzn2cLnwc2e7dXduTK748iVyxqn/IQ8+fI8LvdOg8c9c8GlZ/PQT7jEaOH7ut3un9gXJ2MxMqW+n1RiwMGnfqd4KgDU9yqmfQAKwQyYaYE8nCW5u5zgnYKlCotKRjNKJFlRjozneavsu/vIVMvvk46UrMsbdv7x0iVx6wZVuEqdO6qur6T3itVf5JHnyvxe6Y6BBs7m7W4pysr07ADurriohTY0Nbq0TOQGMDD3KGckkbxCw0tbW1pfdBMCODhbgOCdgy89EoxMtYKbOOMD9mvLe4eeW3XHLbfL97/3AFdO028ynRz21ePbpcz4jP//JzwP7TZRMNCA1+g3dxyf6wMjRTjSOcwJ2YrGYjI1neXcALOl0zlWN1d4dgFTpdE7tRGvKCleWZ9oX0f70k7vloQf+5q474+z581wx7eHnnpF/vvCi+/XcU0/K0888Jd/4zjcDl4PWH5loQGpeqXreW/Ue8wYwMrQTjeOcgC0GCwD2/A7PIJ5CAsKqUnqzcXN7o6hDI+2LaH632K52jZXm5kpJybi+X2FAJhqQms1e3sVwBpIA2HXaicZxTgBA0PnTOZsrN3o7AFJVXr/RfZi6qaQ3RicsdptMtN0JmWhAairXveGue089wF0BjAztROM4JwAg8GJt7kImGmCnqmicm86ZL+E6lUARLQ2RiQakZsXS19y1rGIfdwUwMpjOCdgjyxOwp8ekyUQDbE2IZLrXgUznxKgjEw1IzebW3mOckwrj7gpgZDCdE7DFdE5gZPjF6fENDO4ArGQlEpKxZ6Z0j2/3dsKBIloaIhMNSE2ivjfvYtK+U90VwMjQTjQAdpjOCYwMLU5rJhrHOQE7epwzs7pR9kgUejvhQBEtDZGJBtjo/wa/KxmuwEsgDMhEA+wxnROwp51oepwTgB0dLNBdFpdISbg+/KGIlobIRAN23fLFK7yVSF7p21lNkWi4PiEBwoBMNABAKMTaXCdaIsF0TsCKdqLlNFZLXVXC2wkHimhpiEw0YNeta3g7S+bAgrff3DcmOSINWCMTDRgZdMwAtvzBAiUlHOcErFRIVDqSUSkuL/F2woEiWhoiEw3YdcnNa7yVSNeUIm8lEo9yRBqwpp1oHOcEbOmxM+2YAWDHf17RiQaAIloaIhMN2HVVa3o70QrihVLQSTgzMJK0E43jnIAdpnMCI0OfV/rBD51ogB09ARTGD1MpoqUhMtGAXdfS0nu0rLVzi7SurXFrACND35BwnBOwo9M5AYwM/eCHTjTAzoSeVmmPl5GJhtFHJhqw6yrXveGuU95bLhWH7u/WqjrRIWPjdKYBlpjOCYwMMtEAW/50TjrRADs6WKBobReZaBh9ZKIBu64gkuOurfWt23zaWFaS7UJlAdjJj/dwnBMwRiYaMDLIRANsTYhkSmN2izRLrbcTDhTR0hCZaMCuW/TSYnctq9hnm08bu5IN3gqAlebGDI5zAsbIRAPs6fNKP/jJbvU2AKRsQ1e3O5GQL+H6QJUiWhoiEw3YdblFue4az8+W5sq3P22MRAu9FQArmokGAEDQaYenfvCTX8FxTsCKdqLpiYTW2hZvJxwooqUhMtGAXaMt+tVr1nt3wgslYIRpJlq8I8+7AwAgmPxOtJpWWtEAK1mJhGyJJSR3fLheC1JES0NkogG7Tjs5lZ+NBmDkaCdaTUGddwfAAkNwAHt+J1pOgvdYgJVI0V7u2pUIV+40RbQ0RCYasGt0vLJ2cqqB3ZwtLeQ2Ada0E21MW7gmMgFB1j+GAIAdvxMtc+8CbwdAqtY1NElptFQiJeH68IciWhoiEw3YNcnIZm8lkpfX25HmG3gPIHXaiRaLhWsiExBkGkPAJGnAnt+J1r71TT8AGxMLC6QmWeMaGcKEIloaIhMN2DV1de3SmayVrsgY6eqmaAaMNO1E60hGvTsAAILJ70TrP7kdQGoqRSdz9khxebhOJVBES0NkogG7Rl8gdUSKJNK1RcYV8e0RGGlM5wTsaccMAFt+J5oOoQJgo0Ki7sNUMtEw6shEA3Zd16YWieyR9443913JBm8FwIqbzkkhDTClHwgBsOV3omUznBMwo5lo2dEkmWgYfWSiAbtG39CrzroN7/gkPxIt9FYALPnPOwAAgsrvRGOwAGBHM9G0E60pi040jDIy0YBd47+ZzyqeIFPieW7ta0xyRBqwRhcaACAM/E60TcmktwMgVZqJpp1oueu9jZCgiJaGyEQDdk3/I5vdkzK8Va94lCPSAIDgGxsP17EYIAz8TrScBO+xACvl9RulrW28bCoJV2wORbQ0RCYasGtWru/9Bt5TUyP7lExzawAjh6OcgL3NjeE6FgOEgd+Jll/BdE7ASlXROInFaiVfxns74UARLQ2RiQbsmi0dze6aUVrqrgBGFsc5AQBhwHROwN6ESKbrRGutbfF2woEiWhoiEw3YNeverHLXow79sLsCGFl0ogEAwsDvRMspZLAAYKWurt11ouWO3zaLOugooqUhMtGAXVNfVe2uBYUxdwUwsrQTTQNlAdgZOF0aQOr8TrT2hiZvB0CqmM6JwCATDdg19R2b3XXSvlPdtb+Wlt6jngDsaCeatvEDsNHW1uY6ZgDY0ueV++Cn1dsAkDKmcyIwyEQDdk3Xpt7z+JMnT3bX/vLy8r0VACv6hiSSSYEasBKL0UkNjASdeqsf/IwpzfF2AKSK6ZwIDDLRgJ330MOPeiuRqR86yFsBGEn6hoTjnIC9aHaPtwJgQafe6vOKQjVgh+mcCAwy0YCdt2bNGm8lMiVe5q0AjCQNaeY4J2BLs5uSHRneHQAL/vOK6ZyAHaZzIjDIRAN23rLlS9y1IF7oru/QxKf6gDUNaeY4J2CLTDTAnj+ds6RknLcDIFVZiYRsiSWYzonRRyYasPNWLH3NXQ894gPu+g4FfKoPWNNMNAAAgs6fzkknGmAnUrSXu3YlmM6JUUYmGrBzmis3yltVa91676LBj3I2d/DJPmBNM9HiHeH69BEAsPthOidgT6dzljYVS6Qky9sJB4poaYhMNGDnPFf/prcSOfjwwTvR8rMLvBUAK/qGpKagzrsDYEGnCAKw5TLR2huktjBcHTNAkGkmWmN2izRLrbcTDhTR0hCZaMDOWb/0GXeN7JHnXiQBeHdoJ9qYthLvDkCqtLMagD0/a5DhU4CdDV3dbko70zkx6shEA3ZO9dpGd83NGiMTCymiAe8W7UTT0eYAbORXjJPNjXTKANaYzgnYYzonAoNMNGD49MXQK2t689DKJu8pxeWDd8W0tDBBELCmnWgdyah3BwBAMDGdE7DHdE4EBplowM6prlztrhP3Lh/yxVFeXr63AmCF6ZyAPWIJAHtM5wTsVRWNk9JoqdRVJbydcKCIlobIRAOGb8nSVVK9sd6tD9pzursCeHcwnROw52c3AbDDdE7AXnn9RqmPypAngYKKIloaIhMNGL7mpjXStan3HP6+s/Z1VwDvDqZzAgDCgOmcgD3tRMtprKYTDaOPTDRg+B596mlvJTLnQ0d7q3fqSjZ4KwBWtBMtO0nnNAAg2JjOCdirkKjLxqUTDaOOTDRg+F589v/cdeasY9x1KJFoobcCYMUdjYkmvTsAFsbGs7wVACt+1mBzJZlogJWu+re8VbhQREtDZKIBw7N88QppauztMPvUmWe661AakxSmAWvaiaajzQHY2dzIcTPAmt+Jll/BdE7Aih7n1A9UOc6JUUcmGjA8//PY39x1S0a3HDFtplsPJR6lMA1Y0xdOkcxm7w4AgGBymWgdTOcELOlxTv1AleOcGHVkogHD8+c//dFdDz/yWD5ZBEaBy0TjOCcAIOhibe5SUsLrRcDKuoYm6YiG77QPRbQ0RCYasGMLH1skrZ1b3Prg/ae5K4B3l3aicZwTsOVnNwEw1BZzFzrRADvFxTlSGi2V1rU13k44UERLQ2SiATu2fNlT0rWpRSJ75MnMI7Z/lFO1tHDkDLCmnWgc5wTstLW19WU3AbCjz6v8eA+daIChurp2aU9WS+6kUm8nHCiipSEy0YAd+8fS1921KHusTBm742/ceXn53gqAFe1EA2AnFuvtlgFgSzs8mxvJRAMsTSwskI5kVJqywjUQhyJaGiITDdg+ncq55MUX3PqII2dJxaH7uzWAdxeZaMDIiGb3eCsAFuhEA+xVStK9Dsxd722EBEW0NEQmGrB9C5/+H3eUUx31yU+6K4B3H5logD1/iiAAO3SiAfbK6ze614GbShq8nXCgiJaGyEQDhqYvfn5y611uPXXGAXLCzBluvSNdyXB9cwfCgEw0wB6ZaIA9fV5phyedaICdqqJxEovVSr6E6wNVimhpiEw0YGj3/vk+iXRtke72Vrng3Iu93R2LRAu9FQAr2onGcU4AQND5HZ50ogF2JkQyXSdaa23vCaGwoIiWhshEAwanWWi/u/tXbv2eQz8ohx75IbcejupEh4yNZ3l3ACxoJxrHOQEAQaedaPrBD51ogB2dzqmdaLnj87ydcKCIlobIRAMG98SiZ6Supsat/+MjJ0ppbq5bD0dZSbZsbgzX5Bgg6PQNCcc5AVt84APY0+eVfvBDJxpgZ0JPq7THy+hEw+gjEw14J33Rc/OtP3PrvconyUfPP9Wth4tMNMAe0zkBW82VvMEHRoJ+kEomGmBLM9FyGqvpRMPoIxMNeKdPf/6cvomcl195lUyJl7n1cJGJBtjLj/dwnBMwlF8xjq5pYASQiQbYIxMNgUEmGvA2fbFzzbU3yMolr7r70087XU484Ti3BjC6mhszOM4JAAg8N50zGqUTDTBEJlqa+sMf73VvwPXXrbfd6YLJg45MNOBtS5aukl//9rdurcc4v/r1q9wawOjTTDQAtrRjBoAt14mWTNKJBhgiEy2NaKHsvC9eIFMmV8i3rrpC7rr9VvfrJ9f9SE6ee7ycec7nZOFji7xHBw+ZaECvl5csk/POPskd44zskeeOce7qJ4gtLXTLANY0Ey3eEa5PH4Gg044ZALb0eaURBHSiAXbIREsTWhz7wqVfkMcffMTbESmIF7pfvsVPPyEXnnWK61ILIjLRgN7n8pcuvlgyc3JFunrkh9/9ekrHOPPy8r0VACvaiVZTUOfdAQAQTNqJphEEdKIBdshESwP6TfGbl18ob1WtdfdaOLvlzsdk8ZKX3K9/vvCiTJ1xgPtad27MdakF8XgnmWjY3WkH2pWXnd/3XL70a1fJ3LlnujWA4NBOtDFtJd4dAADB5DLRmM4JmMpKJGRLLEEnWpg988xjkqjv/XRBs5Oe/d/n5Pjj9nH3Sr9pPvTA32T2ycd7OyI3/eZmWdVY7d0FA5lo2F21tbW5DtGzzv6ENDU2uD0dJDDvjLluDSBYtBNNA2UB2Bkbz/JWAKwwnROwFynay127EuGaKk0RzVPT2iqLnn3euxOZd9b8rS/sY97dtv7z1HNcvpJa83qlFHQG68UKmWjYXX37qqtdh6ifgfadH14r1930Y5NPDclEA+xpJ1pHMurdAbCwuTFcb0aAMCATDbBXKUkpbSqWSEm4PvyhiOYpzc2Vpq52t96S0b3diWEzpk+RsnFFbl1XUyN1VQm3Dgoy0bC70fyzWUceJfc/cL+7L82bIF/9ygI5e/48d2+BTDTAHtM5AQBhQCYaYK9Coi4bt1nCdSqBIpqnuXKjFERy3HpMz/b/tWjRTHPHlBasisuDledCJhp2F/4k3a9cNLcv/0xzC7/9k5/Igs9e7O4BBBfTOQEAYaCdaPrBT3artwEgZesamiRferb+Gu/thANFNE9+xTjZ+8jDvTuRv/79797qnV5auawvbym3KNddg4RMNKQ7zT675tob5LRPzXOTdNuSvS3AC86/0OUWzjn27ecygOBiOidgTztmANhymWjtDVJbyHFpwEpxcQ7TOcPupPL3uYECavHTT7g36f2nb2r7roaWf/cH33f33e2tcsG5FwfubDyZaEhH+vzTY5vf/9Z35QOH7Ct33X6ryz6Trh45ePoMN0n3yisu8x5tj0w0wJ52omUn+XkFWNEPmbRjBoAt/3k1JV7mrgBSt6Gr2w2YYjpniFUcur/8/Cc/d8fBlL5J/8wFn5YTTztJzjj1P+QTn/jENqHl3/vJrXLiCce5xwYJmWhIJ3rU+sZf3SIXLFggF13yefnN3b/u6zzT5+pP77hTfnT37dtM0h0JZKIB9tzRmGjSuwOQqqGGYgFIDdM5AXvl9RslJ1oWuIz5HaGINsC0mfvJb35xt8ycdYy718EBK5e8Ki8vXSKrV/Z2pRXEC+VnP/2FaWi5JTLREHb6AmV1YrnrBj3omEPktu/e6J6DrvNsK+0Yvf2u/3JHN7WQzaeCQDhpJ5q28QOwFc3u8VYALDCdE7BXVTROapI1gcuY3xGKaP3UtLbKXb+6WT42Z447zqn0zboeFdOimn/UU/PQtCNGj5UF8dMIMtEQVnp8Wo9Mf+Oyb8gJR53pukH9QR/6/Dv9tNNd8ezpZ54i9wxIA9qJFsnkqDRgye+YAWCH6ZyAPZ3OqboS4coapIjWz19++0f5wQ9ucUUyPa75nUt+KL+673a57a675Bffvk7+ct998tPb7nBf044YPVb27Wuvd8fNgoRMNITNw4uXyOVf+oqcefax8o2rvy6PP/3/+rrOtICtzzt9/l13049HrXhGJhpgz2WicZwTMEUmGmDP70RjOidgR6dzlkZLJVLSG9UTFhk9W3nr3Zp2oc074SR5q2qtu//OD68d8rimdst84nPzXbFNhwvc8us/mGWj6RG2N5YO/WZ9S3ex7J2xRjZk5EpnYbY7R6zriYUF7n9Cverf2+yjjpavfv0q73dtX7PUurGy/pU99t6Nvc1VGfJGTZX89p57+jo/fVqonnHoYfKpM8+U9x820+31/3O2Z7iP0088+n/D3tH9vX++TyZPntz396MG/rW455774d+rRxc+7gpp886Y6+300uffppIG93jWrFlvf61a19ZI7qRSt37+hcWyoXqFnHry2e6+v/6P0+fkHolC97Ou//OTx/AYHvPOx+jzSn9eHX7CkVLQ+fbrw4GPZ82a9fbX/nNKLVm6Sl6pel6Onz7HxWqFBUU0j079O3/BWW69z9T95O9/f8Sth6JdM/c/cL9b6xEz7ZCxoBlQeoQtVRq4fsJxp4g09UhztFnyswtcJ42Gow+86mMaszdLvGNs31UKMqQ60SFlJdlv/xnJrY/tt9+VbJBES2y7j+H38nv7P6Yls8UNvXh1zUppXF0vNS3bDsDQI5v7Td9f9i4qk8JSL+ds6+/vym7s+/P0z26RmMSjvetItHCb/5f172Oo/9cHXps7mrZ5bgx6v/Xv2/39b91X/tf0r+U/X/r/Oxj41xjs30n/P8P/vf514J/JPffpdp8nbW9/f+hn4HPH8Z8j3vPPf86zzz773v7Wtf6MdPtbDfr82frcG/jn+D9H1Tt+JnmP6/9n8Rgeszs/xn+ODfo6dyv/9aP/df++Mdnhnmfss8/+2/sDn3d6IkE/9AlV3qAW0dDT89VLvtyzz6TJ7peud+TRhf/X9/gjj5jl7aau6Y26ntra3l+bNm3qu+r+vxs29F39xwz8pQ6ZfnDfP4M+VvlfG3j1/zylf52Bv/TrauBjlP81Ndifwe/l9yr/67//wz3uueI/b/r/+tE112/z/2T/q//7fdUtLdtch/p/e+B1qL/voR7n/7P4j/vZD3/e87eH/u7WujfU4/w/x//r6Nd13dLZ6e7VwL8H/zrwz+KeexX2e736a/9569PvCz+79Y5tnn/Kv/f/LH3O6O/1fz/77LPfS9f680V/+c8b/Vmlzy3lP9b/ml79n0f+nv75auCfq3gMj1Hp+piBP7f8ff9xevWfLw8+/t/ueeV/TfV/nPL/PNV/j3322X/7NWD/Pa2p9H8dGBZ0onn6d5ZdevnX5MILznXroeiRzpPnHu/W2j2jQedBMXPGIXLGx+fLlVdc5u0A7z4NXtXW91deWSa/uv566c59e+y+Htc8aMo+ctqZHw/slNuBbr7xWtlnv4PNjm4DEDdIRIXl+wAQBg89/Kg7dsbzCrDz18efks6mZpl7+ineDoBU/Wvh4/Jky0Y5Y78jpWx/7xRSCDBYwFM0YYK3Eln7+kpvNTTNHwsypnNitGiBWY8lf/rz58iXv3qZO57sF9AK4oWy4PwL5YHf3is/uvv2UL3A94/KALCj0zn1zT4AOzpFEICtnJ4cSSaTTOcEDEWK9pLM6kaX8RkmFNE8Bx54kLcSWfTSYm81tBdfecZbibzv/R/wVsHBdE68m/QFxctLlsl5X7zAdWhq4Wzlklf7JmxqRt8tdz4mi5e85DokNThySjw8nzYoPdcPwBYFNMAe0zkBe/q8imb3hCu3CQg4bUzSTLT+wwbCgCKaRyfu6bFMVfXWW31HTAajnTb/778f8u5ETjjmGG8VDLn5+S68HRhJbW1tbiCH33V2xmmnyuMPvj2QY/IBB8qnz/mMPHjfI/LQA3+T44/bx/tKOGkwJgBb2okGAEDQaYdnsiODTjTA0MTCgq3vKcdLa21v40VYUETz6KcK886a79aRri1y43XXuOLAQFo0+MKlX5C3qta6+5mzjglcRlJrc/M2x1MBS/ri4dbb7pTjP3aCXHTJ5/u6zpRmnem0Wi2c/ek3v5ZvfOeboRpXDODdpZ1o+gkkAABBpp1o+XE60QBLlZKUWKxWcsfneTvhQBGtHx0moAUA1dTY4IoDUw84SM4853PumNpHP3q8nL/grL4CmnauXfPFr7g1kM60cKZBxfo8+MhRR8tPrvuRex7ocU0tnOlzQQdyPPfUk3LdTT92hTNeZADYEe1E008gAdghEw2wp8+r5kY60QBL5fUbpT1eJnVVCW8nHCiiDfDNG651xQANQFdaJFj89BPumNrqlSvcnt9t85f77pOKQ/d3e0C60RcJeqxZC2f/OXeuXHLBee554Oec7TN1P7n44i/Ijdff4KbTahE6nQtnXclwBV4CYaCdaJHMZu8OQKo0aoFMNMCey0SLRvmQGDBUVTROchqrpbi8xNsJB4poA+SOGeOKARqA/tPb7pDZJx/vQtG100aPbmqB7eGn7nHdNkH9JkomGlKhR5a1cHb4+/aTb111hSuc+d2XSp8Telzz739/RC7+8hWBO848UpjOCdgjEw2wFYvFZGw8y7sDYMVlojGdEzA1IZJJJlq60eLAHbfc5kLRtdPmnrt/6Qps+5RM8x4RTGSiYbj0hYAWze677x5XOJs54xB3ZFkLZ5k5ue4x2pWpBeTv/PBaeenJF91zYnfMOWM6J2CPTDTA3ubGTm8FwAqZaIC9rERCtsQSZKJh9NGJhu3x880u/9JX3FTNKy87X674ypWucKZZgEqPLGvHmXZj/v6Xf3QF5LPnz5P8it33hQPTOQF7ZKIBAMKATDTAXqRoL8lOhu89FkW0NEQnGnz6g15/LV+8wk3U1OEYHzzsUJdvdv8D97upmlo406JZd3ur6zjTwtnKV5e5jjPtxmS6JoCRQiYaACAMtBNNP/jJbvU2AKRMp3OG8UQCRbQ0Vd/O0bPdkQYK6/FMHQhwzbU3yDe+e7WcfNKJcvLc491ETX84htJjmpr39+lzPiPf/Po3ZNG/VriOs90l4wzA6CMTDbDHdE7AnmYN6gc/Y0pzvB0AqdLpnGSiITCKcjh6trvQLrO7fnWzyzQ74kMfkQvPOkW+cfXX5a7bb3VHNOtqarxHihuQoZNlb7/rv+TehX+QX/3+v+Qb3/mmO6pJxsP2MZ0TsEcmGmCL6ZzAyNCswWh2jxveAcCGTueMxWrJRMPoIxMt/TRXbpTVieWuYKadZjffeK2cec7nZOoBB7kus2u++5O+TLPu3JiMjea4I5olW78xabaZDgX45wsvugEZOll2zrGHuwEZpbm9wwOwY0znBOxpSDOZaIAdpnMCI8NN5+wgEw2wpJ1o7fGy0HWiZfRs5a2RJnTC4hkfny9XXnGZt4Ow0R/QS5aukrVVi+T1qhZZW/mGNFavd11lfvj/QNpltt/0/WV88TR5/2HjZUrpdPLMDF39nVvkyDnvkzkfOtrbAZAqPXqu3Wg6+RqADR0epM8r7TIHYEOfV4rYE8DOw4uXyPqlz8hJH5gnZfuXebvBRydamiITLVy0aOZPzJx15FEu/P/8BWe5DrP7f3OXLH76CZdn1r+Applm/gTNl57s7TLTYQDf+9YX5eQTzqSAZqysJNu18gOwQyYaACAM/Ew0OtEAOxUSlY5kVFr39DZCgiJamiITLVj8CZl6FPPBh+9xkzI1w+zE005ynYP9J2a+VbXW+13SdyRTBwDo5MwF51/oimZ6NHPxkpf6JmjmV5BnBiB89A1JvCNcORhAGGh2EwA7fiYaGcKAnXUNvVNvI6vqvZ1w4DhnGtJOpsMPmemyrzA6tGj2/AuLZfWKl+XVyrWy7s0qaa1vldbm5iGPYyrtLiubvKcc8cGj5IAD95bo2MkysbBAistL+KE9yrTwOXnyZNr4AUPagbuyeqV8+bNf9HYApEo/sKutXctxTsCQ/7w6bs5sXpMDRl5eskz+93//Tz46/xSZEg/PcU6KaGmITLSRpZOvNm1q9+5E6qoS8kZNlTz96N/l1TUrZdW/q6Rr09DhiNpd1tXcLJH8fJny3nL54PT3S8XU/XixG3DXXHuDHHjgQRTRAENkogG29DXKk089RyYaYEw/9EkmkzL39FO8HQCp0uK0ZoCfevLZoSpOU0RLQ1pEm33aXLnu21/v3cAuW9VYLZ2rG12RTF+QrqmukaaqNdLU1S4rlr62w84yLZiVjSuSsop9JJ6fLQdNmyHlkwsI/Q8hOtEAe/qmZM2aNRTRAEP6vKKIBtiiEw2wp3FHL61cJodMPShU740poqUhOtF2jX8EU9/QLVu+xB3BbFxdL3XdrdJZt0Eyc3K9Rw7OL5jpUdrp7z/cfTOI9nRL7qRSftimAYpogD3tRJOaLjn70o97OwBSRRENsKfPq25pcMO7ANjQ4vQrVc/LJ0+eTycaRheZaIPTIpkevUxGNktdXbt7wlYvWyNrGxplyYsvbPcIptIiWW7WGLfOzc+X/abvLxUT3+OO+L2ntJzOsjRHEQ2wp29KyEQDbJGJBtijEw2wp51ojyxdKPM/cIaU7U8mGkYRnWi9NKjwtddWyJtvVknlujf6wv0baldJWzLLe9Q7+cWyKdMPlkmFcZm071Q3NWT8+EkyoadVJh89S3LH9BbTsPu4+cZrZZ/9DqaIBhgiEw2wRSYaMDL0Qx8y0QBbYS1OU0RLQ7trJpo+CRcvflae/edTsnLJq97u9g08gsmnSxgKnWiAPX1TQiYaYGvh/z4ptWsSFNEAQ3SiAfb8TrTjp88hEw2jK5070fSJtq6hSZqb1si/V70pL7+2XKorV8tbVWu9R7xTQbzQHb/sH+6/99R95b3xMo5gYtiu/s4t8oHDplJEAwxpJ1p7sloWfPZibwdAqshEA+yRiQbYoxMNgZFOmWiaY/bowsdl6fOL5NU1K3d8HLOrR6bOfJ8cMHmq7HvQJJlUfrhMLCyQwpx4qM5ZI3joRAPs6ZuS1W/Uy8UXneXtAEgVRTTAHp1ogD1tkPnH0kflw9OPC38nmn4y/Mw/n5KCSI40dbXLmOx82dLR3Hfv29X7L336YjqARlAYO9G0WKY0+P+1NUvl0aeelhef/T9pamxw+wN1RcbI2GiOZHfVy7TDPypHHn64HHP4kfx/hRFDEQ2wRyYaYE+LaMn2Bpk7l44ZwIo+r9QR02ZKfgVFNMDCw4uXyPqlz8ipJ58d/k60y7/0Fbn/gfu9O3s/ve0O3oiOoLBkomnl+aWVy6Ry5Qp5s75aVix9Tda+WSljejK9R7xNj2Rq0L8exxxfPM0dq2MiJt5NFNEAe/qmhEw0wJbfMUMnGmDHzxr8j9NOklgs5u0CSIXWA55Y9Ix8dP4pMiUenlNj76xWvAvGji3wVhgpRTnZ3io4tNvsvvvukfO+eIEr9J32qXnyrauukN/c/Wt5/MFHXK6ZX0ArzZsgM2cdI1d+81J58L5H5P8tXCg/u+E6ueOW2+R73/qiK2RQQMO7qSs5eFckgF2nXWjZ0aR3ByBVOp1z8+Ym7w6Alc2NnRLN7qGABhjSrHN9HZi73tsIiSGPc/7vSy9tc4TTP9Kp/L2nnnhOuja1uByq2aed4L428OjnYEdBOc45soKQiaYFMz2a+UZNlbzyyrIhJ2bqdMzcrDEu+H+/imkyddb+oZvOgd0DnWiAPTLRAHtkogH2yEQD7L28ZJk8+9xrcuKZ02WfkmnebvClNFhAu4k0s0qP2i1e8pK3i9E2WploqxPL5f8WvtI3BKB6zfpBM838o5kfnr6vjCurkOlbfxBNPnqW5I4Z4z0CCB6dznnknPfJnA8d7e0ASBWZaIA9imiAPT8TjQ9TATv/Wvi4PPrma/LJk+eHqjg9Ksc5MfLq2zu81cjSjjN9E/TRjx4vHz3sBHc8U/P0tOusfwGtuLRULr38a+5ophZc77n7l3Lxl69wL/DeN2c2BTQEXllJtmvlB2AnHo97KwBWiE0B7I2NZ7nitD8MDUDqIkV7SVa8VLoS4XqPRREtTY1EJpr+0NBW5gcfvkcuvOxKd2z0g4cd6gpnq1eu8B7V22k2dcYBcvppp8u1N/5U/vnCi/J/i/7PdRpwTBNhRSYaYI9MNMAWmWjAyPAz0TjKCdjRTLScxmrvLjwooqUhzRer37DBu0udFs6uufYG+fTnz5ErLztfLr3gSvn7X+5xgwB8e5VPkgXnXyg3/vLX8vtf/lEeeuBvLpNt7umn8MMGaSESLfRWAKzkx3u2vukf790BSJWGnmvHDABb2uGZ7MigEw0wVFyc414HbioJV7MCRbQ01NrcLEUTJnh3O2dVY7X74aDnky//9g9cvtr5C86Su26/te+Ipg4D0F/ababTM7XT7OlnnnIZbKfMPopuM6Snpl2OjwQwhObGDIlk9g4tAmCD6AHAnnZ4RqNRmgMAQ3V17RKL1Uq+hOsDVYpoaWpnM9GWL17hss3u/Pb18p9z58ppn18g9//mrr5cM79opkc0v/n1b8jTf37UdZst+OzF/DDB7qEgw1sAsEImGgAgDFwnWjJJJxpgaEJPq7THy6S1tsXbCQeKaGlqOJlo2nXmDwU47VPz+oYC9D+mqYWz7/zwWlc0+80v7nZHNHUYQNn+Zd4jgN1DcwcZM4A1zUSLd+R5dwCsaHYTADvaiaYRBDQPAHaqisa5TLTc8eF6LUgRLQ0NlYnWumWLO6aphbMzz/mcnPjh4/qGAnRtanHdZv5QAC2c6TFN7Tbzi2b80MDuLD+baWeANe1Eqymo8+4AWPCzmwDY0eeVRhDQiQbYymkqkbqqhHcXDhTR0tDATDQ9qqmDAc78z9PknK9+1RXOFj/9hCucKR0KoMc0b7z+Bnnojw/3Fc4omgEARpKbzpm0nyYN7K6YzgmMDDLRAHsTIpnuw9Ti8hJvJxwooqUxnap54mknyclzj99mMIDSrjMtnD143yNuKIAe0zzxhOM4pgkAeNeQiQbY0umcAOyRiQbYi3aNDeWHqRTR0ox2nbV2bnFFM52qqYUz1RUZ0zcY4Ke33SErX13mCmdM0gSGp6WFCYKANZeJRiENABBwZKIB9tY1NEl2NOndhUdGz1beuo9W2JcsXeXWOjFhQ0aubOkulr0z1ri1mlhYIJ/43HzX2RSLdsqPf3af2x+OGdOn8A1ohGj3mRbPfJpxNvuoo2XOSfP49w6k4Nbb7pTJkye7jk0ANjSjUwtpF15wrrcDIFX6WrC2dq2L5gBgw39eHTdnNu+nACMPL14iDStfl0OmHhSq5p5Bi2iXf+krbkrjSLn9rv+SOcce7t3B2kH7TZS995sh533xMjll9lHeLoBUUEQD7D308KOyZs0aimiAEc1Ee/Kp51xxmiIaYEd/Xqkjps2U/AqKaIAFHXr4ZMtGOWO/I0MVKzUqxzkJPB1ZsYKJ8sHp76eABgAItG7pzekEYEMz0cbGs7w7AFZcJlp7g9QWdno7AFIVKdpLMqsbZVNJuF4PDlpE2zRmZH/46jchjJzOjs0yhmBZwFRXkjf7gLXmxgzp6s737gBY2NzIm3zAmt8EMiXOEDbAip+Jli/jvZ1wGLSIdusN18iqNZUj9oujnCOvvr3DWwGwEIkWeisAVnSoQCSToR0AgGDzm0CaK5nOCVjR/P32eJm01rZ4O+HAdM40VZQTvlGxQJBVJyhMA9Y0twmAvWj2OyKPAaTA70QjDw2wU1U0TnIaqyUnI+rthANFtDSUm58v9Rs2eHcALJSVUJgGrGknWhhHmwNB5rKbOjK8OwAW/OdVIkEnGmClQqLSkYxK657eRkiYFdH0G4qO/tVfLy9ZxjeYUdTa3CxFEyZ4dwAABJN2orW1hSsHAwgync7JAC9gBMTa3KWkhE40wIqfiZa73tsIiZSKaFoou+baG2TWkUfJx+bMkYsu+bx85aK5ctbZn3D3uq9fp6D27iMTDQAQdGSiAbZ0OieAEdDW+9zifS1gZ2Jhwe7TiabfPG697U754GGHyl233ypvVa2VpsYG6drUIm3JLHfVe93Xr3/kqKPlvvvuIYjxXUQmGmCL6ZyAPTLRAABhoB2e+fEeOtEAQ34nWkFnlrcTDrtURPvGd6+Wn1z3I++uV2neBJk644C+XyVFb3+D0aLaFV+5Ur7/0x9SvX8XkIkG2GM6J2CPTDTAnj9FEIAdfV41N5KJBlgqLs5xsR5pP51Tj2c+/uAj3p3I7JOPlwfve0QeeOJB+c0v7pY//eRu+dXv/0v++ve/yz9feFFOP+1075Ei9z9wvzz/wmLvDiOFTDTAnk7nHBsP16ckQNCRiQbYIhMNGBl0ogH2NnR1SyxWK7nj87ydcNipIppW3h956G9uHdkjT75zyQ/ljltuk2kz93PfUPSXjv0tzc3tu7/uph/LT2+7wz1effOqK6ngj7CxmZlkogHGdDrn5sZO7w6ABX1DQiYaYEcz0fjAB7BHJxpgr7x+o+REy6SuKuHthMNOFdG0i0xzztSpc+bI2Zd+3K135MQTjpMbr7/BrTUrjW60kbW5u5tMNMAYmWiAPX1D0tWd790BsMAHPoA97USLZtOJBliqKhonNckaKS4v8XbCYaeKaH4AsHaVzTlpnlsPlxbS9iqf5NZ/feQBd8XIIBMNsEcmGmBPM9G0jR8AgCDTTrRkB51ogKUKibprVyJcH/7s0mCBzroN8p7pO//JcW5Rrrs2NnPUcCSRiQaMgKYebwHACplowMjQjhkAdrQTTT/4oRMNsKPTOUujpRIpSePpnPqNoysyRjJzcmXFC296u8O3pb3LXeP5HDUcaWSiAcYKMrwFACtkogH2/I4ZAHY0a1A/+KETDbAzsbDAHedM60y095SWS2lxb/Vdj2Q2Vw7/m8jCxxbJ6pUr3PqU409zV4wcMtEAW80dTDsDrJGJBthiOicwMjRrkEw0wJbfiZbWmWg6hfOT53zWrR9/8BH5/k9/OKxq/EMPPyoXXfJ5t5464wA5YtpMt8bIIBMNsJefXeCtAFghEw2wpdM5AdgjEw2wp51o7cnq9O5EUxdecK4sOP9Ct77/gfvlY3PmyK233enuB3p5yTI574sXyCUXnCddm1oks7VNbrj6BsmvoII/kshEAwCEgR6N6Uj2hsoCABBUbjpnNEonGmBIO9FUWneiLV+8Qk487SR55KG/uWw01dTYID+57kcyZXKFTD3gIJk54xD3S+/POO1U17Hm6yzIl89c8Gn5wOEf6Htc/19nnvM5qvtGyEQDAASddqIBsKUdMwBsuU60ZJL3qoAh7UTTD1ObstJ4OmelJKV6zXp5q2qtRLq2eLtv024zLarpr8Ho76mrqXG//Mf1/9XdWO89EqkiEw2w1dJC+DlgTTvRyEQD7JCJBowMfV7pMBw60QA7Wl/KjiYld723ERI7VUSrkKiMzdz+b+lub3VX7VTz18q/9zvY/K9F9shzV9WWEa4KZFCRiQbYy8vjjT5gjUw0wJZmoukUQQC2tBNNh+HQiQbYKa/fKG1t42VTyeBNWEGV0bOVt94h/XRr7fIqGVveI5m1OdI9vt1dtbXV39N11j5x6Vzd6H5P/7U+ZnNVxjZ7Pv3aHolCKdu/zNvBrtKjsWd8fL5cecVl3g6AVGn24+TJk+XEE47zdgCk6g9/vNd1o2neKgAbOtBLn1dnz5/n7QBIlT6vku0NMnfumd4OgFQ9vHiJrF/6jJx68tmh6vLcqU40/XRLJ3TuUzJNKg6Y3Hftv6frKfEydx241scM3Ov/NQpoNrRbkEw0AEDQkYkGAAgDpnMC9iZEMl0nWmtti7cTDjtVREM4bO7uJhMNMNaVDFebMRAG2i0DwF40e9gHTQAMA5logL26unYX65E7/u2IrzCgiJaGyEQD7EWihd4KgBXtRNNAWQB2/I4ZAHbIRAPs7RbTOREOrc3NUjRhgncHwEJ1giPSgDXtRNM2fgA2mM4JjAx9XrkPft6emwcgRbvFdM7diX7KoAGSl3/pKzLryKNcWL/+OvG0k+Saa29wIXjNlcH8JIJONMBeWQlHpAFr+oYkktns3QFIleYXA7DnOjzbG6S2MFwdM0CQhXU6J0W0QSxfvEIuuuxyueSC8+T+B+6Xt6rWSlNjg/u1csmrctftt8rVn/us/Oa/7/J+R7DQiQYACAMy0QAAYeB3eOqAPAA2qorGuUy0fAnXqQSKaAO0btkiZ559rCx++gl33xUZIwdPnyELzr9QTj/tdIns0Rt6pwW1m2/+udx6253uPmiYzgkACDoy0QB72jEDwBbTOQF7TOdMA/pN8TNzz5C2ZJa7nzrjAHn43gflz//z33LlFZfJdTf9WJ576kmZffLx7uvq3v/6o+tcCxqmcwK2mM4J2CMTDbBFJhowMpjOCdjLSiRkSyzBdM4we/6FxfLiv/7l1nuVT5Lf/OJumTZzP3fv02+c3//m91yBTelRz9fWLHXroCATDbDHdE7AHplogC3NRBsb7/0wGIAdpnMC9iJFe7lrV4LpnKGk3xD/es9/S6RrizvCee4XLhjykwbdP2DyVPc4Pd7571Vvel8JBjLRAHs6nZM3JoAtMtEAe5sbCT4HrPmdaEznBOzodM7SpmKJlITrPRZFNE9TVqe8uHSRWxfl5cnsGUe69VC+fO5X5fvf+4HceP0NcuqxJ3m7wUEmGmBLp3PyxgSwRSYaACAM/E60zL3JHASsaCZaY3aLNEuttxMOFNE8nasb3bAANWX6wVK2//Ynr+jXz54/T0484bh3HPkMAjLRAFtkogH2yEQDRkY0u8dbAbDgd6JtSvLBD2BlQ1e3+zCV6Zwh9cSiZ7yVyMH7T/NWIgsfWyR/+OO9cvmXviLf/9Z33Vr3gnwenkw0wB6ZaIA9fUNCJhpgy58iCMCO34mWk+C0D2CF6Zwht/b1ld5K5IAD93YTN88853Ny0SWfl29ddYXc/8D98pu7f+3WX7lornzju1dLTWswD8WTiQaMgCY+1Qes6RuSru587w5AqpjOCYwMvxMtv4LpnICVurp2icVqmc4ZVq+uebuIlimF8oVLvyCLn35Cuja9syralsySxx98RE74yJGB7UgjEw0wVsCn+oA1zUTTF08AbOh0TgD2mM4J2CsuzpGcaJnUVSW8nXCgiOZprX+7q+ybV10pb1WtlYJ4oZx+2uny09vucL8uvfxrMnPWMW4ip9IMtQsWLAjkN1My0QBbzR18sg9Y00y0jmTUuwMAIJj8TrScQgYLAFa0E609WS3F5SXeTjhQRBuEFsemzjhAfv/LP8p1N/3YDQ/QXxdecK7cc/cv5ZsLvtZXSHt56RJ55tl/uHVQkIkG2MvP5kUTYE070QDY0o4ZALb8TrT2Bj5UBaxMLCxwH6Y2ZXV6O+FAEW0Q2oF2w9U3DDl18z/OO1VOnTPHuxN59Mn/561Sp11tqfxSAzPR/H2uXLnu+rW/5srh/R6uXLlu/6qdaPGO3g+lNMup/y99nnHPPffDu++/35H59gepeq+G83zkypXrtlf/eab8rMGSknHD/v1cuXId+qrPrXUNTW46Z+56txUaGT1beevd2omnnSQrl7zq1tqF9tADf3ProeiEzvMXnOXW2pW28tVlbp0qnf75wD1/kraMTon1ZG1zzS0oldammm3uuxvr3e/LjBe5r+meZrnpsdNPnXlm7xuUQT7pTyaTEo32HqFJtjdINKd38iD77LP/zn21Zs0ad508ebJ73Nhou8tP9Pm/t1sa3D733HM/9L1vZfVKyU5mS1lpQd/zrf9jWLNmvfNrfe2nv8onF7j7oZ5/A3/Occ8994Pf63NHu9D891X931v5zy//8dxzz/3b90qfN3oUerCfR/q1jfXdcuKZ02Wfkmnu8WFAEc1z+Ze+4iZwKs0+06ObOzJlcoW3Elm1ptJbpUaLaHf+/DbJLcqVLe1d3u7Qku3t7rGa6RbNyXF7/17yohz2sVNk3qmnuv9RAaROv8krfeEUze6RZAeDBoCU1XRJY3aLK6LxnAJs9P95BcCGvtGPZDbzvAKM6c+seWfMdV2eYUERzXPNtTfIXbff6tajWUSzMHPGIXLGx+fLlVdc5u0ASNWtt93putA0HxGAjYceftR1o335s1/0dgCkSk9L1NaulbPnz/N2AKRq4f8+KbVrEjyvAEMPL14i65c+Ix+eftyQUVpBRCaaZ+bMI7yVyNrXV3qroflneZU/ZAAAAAyffvo4pi1cE5mAoPOzmwAYaou5kwgA7FRIVHKiZUznDKsPf+jAvmLY4089uU2RbDBL/v12BtqU95Z7q2BgOicAIAz0WEwsVuvdAbDAdE5gBMTaXOzAjt4jAtg5NckaqatKeHfhQBGtn6OO+Yi7tnZukUcXPu7Wg9Fvnn/505+9O5H/OCVYx7sGTucEACCItBOtrW28dwfAAp1ogL3NjZ0uED1MuU1A0Ol0ztJoKZ1oYRWLxeSU409z3Whdm1rkxuuukeWLV3hf3dYzz/5DHn/gYbcuLi2V2Yef4tZBMTYzU+rbO7w7AACCSTvRtsTC9ekjEHR0ogH23POqp12aK+lEA6xMLCygEy3sNDD81Dlz3LqpsUFOnnu8GzigAa0vL1nmrud98QK54suXiER6p4h98pzPSsUBk906KDZ3d0tRTrZ3B8BCdaJDxsazvDsAFnQEemlTsXcHwAKdaIA9fV6Nzdn65nlvitSAFTrR0sR1N/1YFpx/YV8+mk7sPPe8T8iZx86R8xecJY8/+Ijb168Pd4rnu41MNMBeWUm2a+UHYCeaUyg1BXXeHQALfOAD2NNOtObGDGnf+qYfgA3tRGtPVtOJlg6uvOIyue+mn8jkAw5095GuLbI5L+rWauqMA+SB394byAKaIhMNABAGmolGJxpgiw98AHvaiaYRBGSiAXYqJemudKKliffNmS2PPfRX+ecLL8pPb7tDfvCD691V7x964G8ybeZ+3iODh0w0AEAY6BsSOtEAAEGnHZ76wQ/TOQE7FRKVjmRUmrLC9eEPRbQd0E8bNCvt7Pnz3DUMnz6QiQbY60o2eCsAVuhEAwCEgZvOmd1DJxpgSDPRsqNJyV3vbYQERbQ0RCYaYC8SLfRWAKzQiQbYYzonYE+fV8mODDrRAEOaiaadaK17ehshQREtDZGJBthrTHJEGrBGJxpgj+mcgD0y0QB7fidaQWe4BuJQREtDZKIB9uJRjkgD1uhEA+wxnROwp51oZKIBtoqLc6Stbby01rZ4O+FAES0NkYkGAAgDOtEAe0znBOxpJ1p+vEeyW70NACZisVrJHZ/n3YUDRbQ0RCYaACAM6EQDAISBdqI1N2ZIfgXHOQErWYmEtMfLpK4q4e2EA0W0NEQmGmCvOtHBERnAmHai5UuPdwcAQEDF2rwFACtVReMkp7FaistLvJ1woIiWhshEA+yVlWRzRAYwpp1omoUBwA7TOQF7/mtAMtEAOxMimWSiIRjIRAMAhIF2okUym707AKlqa2tjOicwAvQ0QjS7h+mcgKG6unYy0RAMZKIBAMJAO9E6onROA1ZisRjRA8BIaItJsiODTjTA0ISeVpeJRicaRh2ZaIC9rmSDtwJghemcgD2iBwB72uFJJxpgy89EoxMNo45MNMBeJFrorQBYYTonACAMNGuQTjTAVoVEyURDMJCJBtjT6ZwAbNGJBgAIA+1E0w9+6EQD7KxraCITDcFAJhpgT6dzArBFJxpgj+mcgD3NGtQPfuhEA+wUF+dITrRM6qoS3k44UERLQ2SiAQDCgE40wJZO55TY1l8ATGnWIJlogC2dztmerJbi8hJvJxwooqUhMtEAAGFAJxpgS6dzMlgAsEcmGmBvYmGBdCSj0pQVrp9bFNHSEJlogD2mcwL2tBMtX3q8OwAAgsnPRMtu9TYApKxSkpIdTUruem8jJCiipSEy0QB7TOcE7OkbEp3KBABAkPmZaGNKc7wdAKkqr9/oXgduKglXswJFtDREJhpgrzHJEWnAmr4hiWQ2e3cArGh2EwA7fiaaHpkGYKOqaJybzpkv4fpAlSJaGiITDbAXj3JEGrCmnWgAbPnZTQDskIkG2JsQyXSdaK21Ld5OOFBES0NkogEAwkA70TQLA4ANnc6p2U0AbPmZaEznBOzodE7tRMsdn+fthANFtDREJhoAIAzIRANs6VEzzW4CYMvPRKMTDbDDdE4EBplogD2mcwL2yEQD7Gl2EwBbfiYanWiAHaZzIjDIRAPsMZ0TsEcmGgAgDMhEA+wxnROBQSYaYK860cERGcAYmWgAgDDwM9GyW70NACljOicCg0w0wF5ZSTZHZABjZKIB9rRjBoAtPxNtTGmOtwMgVUznRGCQiQYACAMy0QBbTOcERoafiabDOwDYyEokZEsswXROjD4y0QAAYaCdaB1Rfl4BVpjOCYwMMtEAe5Givdy1K8F0TowyMtEAey0tdMsA1rQTrbSp2LsDYIHoAcCen4nGdE7Ajk7n1NeBkZJwffhDES0NkYkG2MvLy/dWAKzoG5KagjrvDgCAYPIz0ehEA+xoJlpjdos0S623Ew4U0dIQmWgAgDDQNyT50uPdAbCi2U0A7PiZaHSiAXY2dHW7Ke1M58SoIxMNABAGTOcE7PnZTQDskIkG2GM6JwKDTDTAXleywVsBsKKdaLFYuFr4gSBjOicwMvR5FY1G6UQDDDGdE4FBJhpgLxIt9FYArOTHe+hEAwzpdE4A9rQTTXra6UQDDFUVjZPSaKnUVSW8nXCgiJaGyEQD7FUnOlyoLAA7zY0ZEslk8i0AINj8Dk860QA75fUbpT4qUlxe4u2EA0W0NEQmGmCvrCTbhcoCsKOZaABsuY4ZAKbIRAPsaSdaTmM1nWgYfWSiAQDCQDPR4h3hysEAgo5MNMCePq/0g5/sVm8DQMoqJCodySidaBh9ZKIBAMJA35DUFNR5dwAsED0A2NPnlX7wM6Y0x9sBkKpkZLO3CheKaGmITDTAXksLuU2ANX1DUtpU7N0BSFVzJUfNgJGgkR7R7B6GdwCG6uraJTua9O7CgyJaGiITDbCXl5fvrQBYoRMNsJVfMY78TmAEkIkG2JvQ0yrt8TJprW3xdsKBIloaIhMNABAG2omWLz3eHQAAweRnojGdE7DjDxbIyYh6O+FAES0NkYkGAAgDfUPS1jbeuwNggUw0wJ6fiUYnGmDHHyzQuqe3ERIU0dIQmWiAva5kg7cCYEXfkEQyyRsELHGcE7DnZ6LRiQbYWdfQ5DLRctd7GyFBES0NkYkG2ItEC70VACvaiQYAQNCRiQbYm1hYQCcagoFMNMBedaKDIzKAMe1EC+NUJiDotGMGgB3NRItGo3SiAYb8TrSCznC9x6KIlobIRAPslZVkc0QGMEYmGjAytGMGgB3tRJOedjrRAEPFxTnudSDTOTHqyEQDAIQBmWgAgDDQTjRFJxpgZ0NXt8RitZI7Ps/bCQeKaGmITDQAQBiQiQbYcx0zAEyRiQbYK6/fKDnRMqmrSng74UARLQ2RiQbYa2mhWwawRiYaYKutra2vYwaAHX1e6Qc/2a3eBoCUVRWNk5pkjRSXl3g74UARLQ2RiQbYy8vL91YArJCJBtiKxWLeCoAlHS6lH/yMKc3xdgCkqkKi7tqVCFfuNEW0NEQmGgAgDMhEA0YG0zkBWzpcSp9XFKoBOzqdszRaKpESpnNilJGJBgAIAzLRAHt+dhMAO2SiAfYmFha445xkomHUkYkG2OtKNngrAFbIRANskYkGjAw/E43pnIAdvxONTDSMOjLRAHuRaKG3AmCFTDTAFkfNgJHhZ6LRiQbY0U609mQ1nWgYfWSiAfaqEx3uBRQAO2SiASODTDTAlp+JRicaYEc70RSdaBh1ZKIB9spKst0LKAB2yEQD7JGJBtgjEw2wV1yc404kNGUxnROjjEw0AEAYkIkG2CITDRgZ+ryKRqN0ogGGNnR1SyxWK7nrvY2QoIiWhshEAwCEAZlogC0y0YCRoZ1o0tNOJxpgqEKi0pGMyqaScA1wo4iWhshEA+y1tJDbBFgjEw0YGWSiAbb8Dk860QA7mommJxLyJVwfqFJES0NkogH28vLyvRUAK2SiAfbIRAPskYkG2PMz0VprW7ydcKCIthP0m+ZDDz8qf/jjve4aVGSiAQDCgEw0wBaZaMDI0OdVfrxHslu9DQAmXCba+DzvLhwoou2E519YLJdccJ5866or5LY7bw7sJxFkogEAwoBMNMAWmWjAyNBOtObGDMmv4DgnYCUrkZD2eJnUVSW8nXCgiDZMyxevkOuu+aF3t/VFSk9WYM/Ek4kG2OtKhivwEggDMtGAkUEmGmDL70SraaUVDbBSVTROchqrpbi8xNsJB4pow3TTb26Wt6rWencibRmd3ip4yEQD7EWihd4KgBUy0QB7ZKIB9vxOtJwE77EAKxMimWSipatrrr1BHn/wEe+ul3aiBRWZaIC96q0vmsbGg/u8B8KITDTAFplowMjwO9E4zgnYqatrJxMtHS18bJH86vrr3Tqyx9v/cYPciUYmGmCvrCRbNjcG93kPhBGZaIAtMtGAkeF3ojGdE7AzsbBAOpJRacoK13ssimg7cNPPvifduTFXQPvMpz61TSEtqMhEAwCEAZlowMggEw2w5Xei5Wx90w/AxrqGJnciIXe9txESFNG24/IvfUVWLnnVrS++8CI58MCD3DroyEQDAIQBmWiAPTLRAHt+J1r71jf9AGwUF+e4EwmbSsI1wI0i2iBat2yRP/zxXrn/gfvd/cxZx8iFF5zr1l3NvZ+Yk4kG7F5aWuiWAayRiQbYIhMNGBn6vNIPfrIZzgmY0ky0fAlXtAdFtEG8uXSV3PLTG926uLRUvn3xV91aP4GI5Oe7NZlowO4lL6/3uQ/ADplogC0y0YCR4To82xuktpB8XMDKhq5u9zqQ6Zwhp5/g3fSbm6Wupsbdf/GSL8u0mfu5tcTapLOutzgV5E40MtEAAGFAJhowMshEA2z5HZ5T4mXuCiB15fUbZUsswXTOsPv1b34vjz/4iFufftrpcvb8eW7ttMUkq7i3OBXkTjQy0QAAYUAmGmCPTDTAnj6vVHMl0zkBK5Givdy1K8F0ztB66OFH5eZbf+bWmoN23U0/dmuffgJBJhqwe+pKhivwEggDMtEAW2SiASNDn1djc7a+ed6b6ZyAFZ3OWRotlUhJcGsrg6GI5tFPFW6782bp2tQikT3y5FNnnul95W1kogG7r0i00FsBsEImGmCLTDRgZOj7QKZzArYmFhZITbJG6qoS3k44ZPRs5a13a5d/6St90zgvvfxrfdM4+9NOtS9/9TJXaDt4+gz58//8t/cVOwsfWyTJzWvcN+mBotGoJJNJ96ZDP70f7Kr07/HUOXPkqE9+0p0zrioaJ1kNHTKhp1U2ZOS6x/jYY0+xt/29zsJsqVz0vHuOjR8/aZt9fY75v0/HNNfVtbu1Pmbgc4/H83gev+3jF7/0lHQko7LvvtPf8fv9xynuued+x/f+c0hfR9ZU18heE0+UvTPWuK/1/z3+mj322Nv+nv4c059bem1fs1KSVd1SeOQ097MNwM7zf075rwnXdnbJyuqV8smT50tJyTjvUcFHEW2r++67R674ypVuPXvWx+SOu29364H6F9GmzjhA7vnLA5I7Zoz3VRtXf+cW+dOveyeDpkL//k447hTvrldHtEOyk73HPPX4TLNkDHrP43gcj9v2ccOlRz53pmONx28fj9++sD9+R/o/J1mzZr399XD4j+fKleuOrwP5P+P6/6zT14v6QRBXrlx3fPUN9npx3hlzKaKFzYmnnSQrl7zq1gXx7b8BaGp8Oxep/2MXL3nJW6Vm+eIV8tLKZd7drvnuD77vOtG+cclV0tH7ocqgunOyJXMYAwh43OB43ODS9XF/+t1dstfkaXLkER/2dgCk6tGFj7tOan3xBMDG8y8slg3VK+TUk8/2dt5psJ+F7LGn2BucPq/059Vxc2Z7OwBStWTpKllbtcj9vKKIFjL9i2i7atWaSm81+mbOOETO+Ph8ufKKy7wdAKm69bY7ZfLkyXLiCcd5OwBSpR3ea9asGTRCAcCu+evjT0lLTe22E+YBpESfV52NNTJ99iyZEi/zdgGk4uUly+TZ516Tk4/+gFQcMNnbDT4GC2yVW1DqhgkM/JXZ2vaOdX/+1wbuA0g/jckdf0oJYOfop/oAbEU6NnsrAFZyenIk2ZFBAQ0wpPlosVit5I4PVz2FItpW99z9S1n56rJ3/Hq9rmab9c9++ou+gpkOFuj/2KCpH0ZbMoDhi0eHnzsDYHh0WIdmZQCwo1MEARiLtUk0u0eaKzd6GwBSpYMGcqJloZvOSRFtZ2z95tlZt8G7CbaiHN7wAwCCTTvR2trGe3cAUtXW1uZerwKwtbmx03Wi5VeEJ7cJCLoNXd3SnqyW4vISbyccKKLtjLaYZBVP6F1mdLprEOXm50v9hnAU+wAAu6/8eI9EMpu9OwCpisVi7s0+AFva4amdaKsaq70dAKmqkKib3Nla2+LthANFtJ2weXOTdDX3vtiP9WS5axC1bv17LJrQW+wDACComhsz3JFOAACCTN8HSkYOmWiAoXUNTS7Wg0y0NKafQETy8906yJ1oikw0AEDQaQGN4QKArbHx4H7QC4SVyxrsaScTDTA0sbDAdaI1ZYWrg5oi2k6YEs+Tz3zqU7Lg/Atl/rxPebvBRCYaYKulhSNngDUKaIA9jnMC9lwn2lZkogF2KiXZ24m23tsICYpoO6Hi0P3lyisuc7/Onj/P2w0eMtEAe3l5vV2oAOxwlBMAEAbaiaaDBRIJOtEAK+X1G92AqU0lDd5OOFBES0NkogEAwkA70fQTSAAAAs2beltSQicaYKWqaJzEYrWSL+Ga1E4RLU2RiQYACDrtRNNPIAHYcdlNAGy1xZjOCRibEMl0rwOZzolAIBMNsFWd6CCsGTCmnWiRTPIGASttbW192U0A7PjPq/ENvBYErGQlEpKxZ6Z0j2/3dsKBIloaIhMNsFdWkk1YM2CMTDTAViwW4wMfYAT4mWgMFgDsRIr2kszqRtkjUejthANFtDREJhpgrysZrsBLIAzIRAPs8YEPYE870fLjPdJcyWABwIo/nTNSEq4PfyiipSky0QBbkWi4PiEBwoBMNABAWGRKodQWUqQGrOh0zvZ4mdRVJbydcKCIlqbIRAMABB2ZaACAMNBj0voza8rWN/wAbOh0zpzGaikuL/F2woEiWhoiEw0AEAbaicZxTsAW0zkBe3pMWqdzcpwTsKOdaEznRCCQiQbYYzonYE8/1ec4J2CH6ZzAyGCwAGBPO9FisVrJHZ/n7YQDRbQ0RSYaYIvpnIA97UTjOCdgh+mcwMjQ4rR2oq1qrPZ2AKTKz0SjEw2BQCYaYIvpnIA9pnMC9vjAB7DnH5MmEw2wo51oRWu7pHt8u7cTDhTR0hCZaIA9pnMC9vLjPRznBAAEX6zNHeckEw2wMyGSKY3ZLdKTFa73WRTR0hCZaIC9xiRHpAFrzY0ZHOcEAASeP1iATDTATl1duzuRUNCZFaoCNUW0NEUmGmArHuWINGCN6ZyAPaZzAvb8wQKJBJ1ogJXi4py+EwlhKlBTREtTZKIBAIKO6ZyALaZzAiMk1uY60UpK6EQDLIXxRAJFtDREJhoAIAyYzgnYYjonMELaYnSiASOkWWq9VThQREtDZKIB9lpaeKMPWGM6J2CP6ZyAPe3wpBMNsKWZaPqBar6E61QCRbQ0RSYaYCsvL99bAbCiL5w4zgkACDoy0QB7EwsLpCZZI3VVCW8nHCiipSky0QAAQaedaBznBAAEnXai5cfpRAMsVUpS8qVHistLvJ1woIiWhshEAwCEAdM5AXtM5wTs6fOquZFONMBShUSlIxmVrkS4YggooqUhMtEAe2SiAfaYzgnYYjonMDJcJlo0SicaYGhdQ5P7MDVSEq6BOBTR0hSZaIAtMtEAe0znBGwxnRMYGS4TLZmkEw0wpJlo2onWlEUnGgKATDQAQNAxnROwx3ROwB6ZaIA9zUTT14G5672NkKCIlobIRAMAhIG+IeE4JwAg6MhEA+yV1290rwM3lTR4O+FAES0NkYkG2CMTDbCnb0g4zgkACDq/Ey271dsAkLKqonESi9VKvoTrA1WKaGmKTDTAFplogD2mcwL2mM4J2PM70TL35vkFWJkQyXSdaK21Ld5OOFBES1NkogEAgo7pnIAtpnMCI8PvRNuU5IMfwEpWIiFbYgnJHZ/n7YQDRbQ0RCYaACAMmM4J2GI6JzAy/E60nASnfQArkaK93LUrwXROjDIy0QB7ZKIB9pjOCdhjOicwAmJt7pJfwXROwIpO5yxtKpZISbg+/KGIlqbIRANskYkG2NNONI5zAgCCTovT0eweWdVY7e0ASJVmojVmt0iz1Ho74UARLU2RiQYACDrtROM4JwAgFDJyZEq8zLsBkKoNXd3uRALTOTHqyEQDAIQB0zkBe0znBOzp8yqZTEpz5UZvB0CqmM6JwCATDbBHJhpgj+mcgC2mcwIjJNbmjnOSiQbYYTonAoVMNMAWmWiAPaZzAraYzgmMDM1ES3ZkSCJBJxpgpaponJRGS6WuKuHthANFtDRFJhoAIOiYzgnYYzonYE+Pc2onWkkJnWiAlfL6jVIfFSkuL/F2woEiWhoiEw0AEAb58R6OcwIAgi/WRicaYEw70XIaq+lEw+gjEw2wRyYaYK+5MYPjnACAwNMOz2g0SicaYEg70drjZXSiIRjIRANskYkG2GM6J2CP6ZyAPX86J51ogJ1I0V7Ss75bWtfWeDvhQBEtTZGJBgAIOqZzAraYzgmMDH1eaQRBdqu3ASBllZKUWKxWcieVejvhQBEtDZGJBgAIA6ZzAraYzgmMDO1E0wiC/AqOcwJW9DhnRzIqTVnhGohDES0NkYkG2CMTDbDHdE7AHtM5AXt+J1pNK61ogBUdLOA+UF1V7+2EA0W0NEUmGmCLTDTAnr5w4jgnACDo/E60nATvsQAr2ommH6h2TSnydsKBIlqaIhMNABB0+sKJ45wAgKDryNzgPvjJ3JvBHYAVOtEQGGSiAQDCQF84cZwTsMV0TsBedvcE98FPewODOwArdKIhMMhEA+yRiQbY0xdOHOcE7DCdExgZfiZaSQmDBQArdKIhUMhEA2yRiQbYcy+cOM4JmGE6JzAy/Ey0RGKjtwMgVXSiIVDIRAMABJ2+cOI4J2CL6ZyAPe1Ei2bTiQZYohMNgUEmGgAgDPRoDMc5AQBBp51oyQ460QBLEyKZdKIhGMhEA+yRiQbY06MxHOcEAARerM1d6EQD7NTVtbsTCQWd4YohoIiWpshEA2yRiQbYYzonYI/pnMAIaIu545x0ogF2JhYWSE60TOqqEt5OOFBES1NkogEAgo7pnIAtpnMCI8N/XtGJBthZ19AkNckaKS4v8XbCgSJaGiITDQAQBkznBGwxnRMYGWSiAfa0E011JcI1EIciWhoiEw2wRyYaYI/pnIA9pnMC9rQTTYfhZLd6GwBSpp1opdFSiZSQiYYAIBMNsEUmGmBPO9E4zgkACDrtRNNhOJl7kzkIWNFOND3OSSYaAoFMNABA0GknGsc5AQBB53eibUrSPQ1Y0U60fOkhEw2jj0w0AEAYMJ0TsMd0TsCe34mWk+C0D2BFO9E6klHvLjwooqUhMtEAe2SiAfaYzgnYYjonMEJibe6SX8F0TsBKpSRD+WEqRbQ0RSYaYItMNMAe0zkBW0znBEaGDuyIZvfIqsZqbwdAqsrrN0pOtIxMNAQDmWgAgKBjOidgj+mcwAjJyJEp8TLvBkCqqorGudeCZKJh1JGJBgAIAw1p5jgnACDoNBMtmUxKc+VGbwdAqiqkNw+tKStcH/5QRBvCwscWyTXX3iDnffEC+ehHj5cTTztJzjznc3LzjdfKI4+udpkTQUUmGmCPTDTAnoY0c5wTABB4sTZ3nJNMNMCOTufUEwkFneGKIaCINkAisdEVz85fcJbcdfut8viDj8jqlStk5ZJXZfHTT8jNN/9cvnjusXLzLbe5xwYVmWiALTLRAHtM5wTsMZ0TsKfHpJMdGYF+/weETWdhNploYbd88Qr59OfPccUz317lk2TmrGPcL1379DEXLFjgfk8QkYkGAAg6pnMCtpjOCYwMLU5rJ1pJCZ1ogBUdLFAfFSnMiXs74UARzdO6ZYv8+ne/cB1nqqRonNx+13/JX+67T359+y3yi29f59a6F4v2ntl9eekSuek3NwfuEwky0QAAYcB0TsAW0zmBERJroxMNMBYp2ksyqxtlU0mDtxMOFNE8by5dJf+zcKFbR/bIk+9ed6vMOfZw92mDviDR8++61r0f/+w+9xj14rP/F7j2QzLRAHtkogH2mM4J2GM6J2BPn1fRaJRONMCQn4mWL+E6lUARzfOPpY9K16YWtz7qmI+4YtlQ9Gv6GNXU2CAvrVzm1kFCJhpgi0w0wJ52onGcEwAQdP50TjrRADvFxTnudWBrbW8dJiwoonkWPr3UW4kcd9QsbzW0ionv8VYib75Z5a2Cg0w0AEDQaScaxzkBAEGnWYP58R7JbvU2AKRsQ1e3xGK1kju+95RfWFBE83zqzDNlwfkXyuyTj5f9J0/3docW5MwxMtEAAGHAdE7AHtM5AXv6vGpuzJDMvXl+AVZ0sADTOUPsxBOOkyuvuEzuuOU2mTZzP293cNrG++qald6dyIEHHuStgoFMNMAemWiAPaZzAraYzgmMDL8TbVOSD34AK1VF46QmWSPF5SXeTjhQRNsFz7+wuG+KZ0G8MJCf+JGJBtgiEw2wx3ROwBbTOYGR4Xei5SR4jwVYqZCou3YlwjUQhyLaTlr42CL55lVXencis486ertDCEYLmWgAgKBjOidgj+mcwAiItblLfgXTOQErOp2zNFoqkZJwffhDEW0nLF+8Qr55+YVuIqeK7JEnX/36VW4dJGSiAQDCQI/GcJwTABB4bTGJZvfIqsZqbwNAqiYWFrjjnGSipSktoH3pqkslUd871jgW7ZQHfnuvlJQE79MIMtEAe2SiAfb0aAzHOQEAQednDY5v4Lg0YMXvRCMTLQ099PCj8tnPf0JWr1zh7rUD7Ypv3rjDAQSjiUw0wBaZaIA9pnMC9pjOCdjT51WyI4PjnIAh7URrT1aHrhMto2crb41BaAHty1+9TLo2tbj7LRnd8shf/j5iBTT96z396N+9O0+8SKSxfpu1dpq5I5sD7vX669/+VmYcepgcefg7s9oakx0Sj3p5aU090pi9+e37raoTHVJWwr2Pe+773w/UlWyQSLSQNWvWO7n2DfYcG/T3bP151ZXdyD77/7+9+wCPqkr7AP4mAVIIIQRCUUoQFkSliYoNUBGQKsoHKKh0UTqIyFpYRUVBFEWxgqCLqAiu2AUbuq5rQQFXEZSliEsJnQAJIcmX/5l7Zs5M5s5MkhuYGf6/58mTM5PJlDu3nfe+5z28P4T73X83mPexzTbbzrQPSZLqR7HNNtvFa5vbUUxGfbmuTfuwHOFnh0E0G5mZe+S1Lz+RWbeOlNjEZHXf6XXryd1TppfZRAIHN+2Rl378RBZMfVjVNTNhiKa+T7f9/a4QG6uGnLZqd4Xc1LevejwRld7mzZvV74yMDPVby87OloQE18wybLPNduht2L7jV8nJTiiyXRFRyWHCDvzweMU22860wW67IqKSwzaFTLRLmncM61F+vhhE8wMBtEcenCZvvvWmdY8rgPbsrGfL/MvFa/tLZ6xQt0CObY0J2C7fIFVyN+6XG4b0k97X95PJd0xU9xNR6c1+bLo0OLOldO3S0bqHiErrlUWLZc/efBkz6jrrHiIqLYxqQMekf78+1j1EVFrcroic98HyjfLntvfk6u79IyoTjTXR/Lh76j1eATRkda384vMTEh3FyoPX8f1pkN4kaLthak31Gzg7J5GzdNoxETkHNdE4sQAREYU7XWsQCQ9E5Iw6MZvlaGpNydrlKp0VKRhEM2CnOHz0CPnknQ+se0SG3jpSnpo5w7oVOTg7JxERhTtc1UcgjYiIKJzlxG5Xx6tIypYhCndb06pK4v4dkly9knVPZGAQzbDsnVe8Amj3TZuuhkRG2s4S9dGYiUZEROEO9WYQSCMi5+TFV7BaROSU+Pxa6njFTDQi59SKi5UjR6ozEy1Sbfp5szwze4Fq58WVkzFjbpGOHdqrHWUoP+EEEwwwE43IWZjZloichcLNROSsuJxjVouInHLs2AH1m5loRM7ZvfuoJCXtYiZapHr93SVyYP8+1Y47livvffS5DBw2IKSfeS/OV/8XTvYeZYefyEmYkpmInMWhnETO07WbiMg5ervamZWlfhNR6dUqyGJNtEg295k5VqtQXIxsXP+rrF/9c0g/P/6yzvrH8JGWyA4/ERGFN9ZEI3KezpghIgclHZGE+AKpkZxs3UFEpcWaaBFs3apfJa5iJb8/NSrVUr9js474vY2f1JTwClixJhoREUUC1kQjIqKIcCRJsnNiwq6MD1Ekqy8JEVkTLaagkNU+ZWFnuHrN7yqdMC7tdNm274Bq/1GQIQVVD0ndvXtUlBRfMv4GtatUdj+u4mkNpP7ZGer+cNCqxbnS+/p+alIEInLGw9NnStOmzaRrl47WPURUWq8sWix79ubLmFHXWfcQUWm99/5yFZzu36+PdQ8RlRa2q+yj+6RXr77WPURUWis+/ka2bP1Gru7eP6LqDTITrRC+sA5XtpZzOrSXJq3OdLc7d2wgXVq1UG381n/Dj/m4cAqgATPRiJxXqVKK1SIip2AoZ1zsQesWETmhQmp5q0VETkFNNGaiETmrWrVESUyoKbu3Zlr3RAYG0aIQZ+ckIqJIgGyZ+ATO0EnkpGP7c60WETkFtQZTUgsknvMKEDkGs3Mezd4h1eqmW/dEBgbRohRn5yQionCHDglqYRAREYUzZKId3B8jsXU4+y2RU1AiKyc7QQ6Uj6yLPwyiRSnOzknkrEOHOOSMyGnokHA4JxERhTudiXY4m9nTRE7ZJNlqRELy/6w7IgSDaFGINdGInMeaaETOQ000InIWMmaIyFk6Ey0xk6N9iJyCCRwxIuFw+j7rnsjAIFoUYk00IiKKBKiJll+TgTQipxw5ckRlzBCRs3Jit6sLPxzOSeScrWlVJSlpl6RIZJX2YBAtSrEmGhERhbuEhASJ3bHfukVEpZWUlMTZOYnKQHx+LXXh5+g+BqmJnFJfElQmWtauQ9Y9kYFBtCjFmmhEzmJNNKIyUHCUs3MSOYyzcxI5DxmeCfEFkp5e1bqHiEpr274DKhMtuXol657IwCBaFGJNNCLnsSYaURmISeTsnEREFPZQEy07J0YyM/dY9xBRaVWr5joPPCi7rHsiA4NoUYg10YiIKBJkZ2erK5BEREThTM/OyUw0Iudsz8tnTTQKH6yJRkRE4Q410ZiJRuQszs5J5Dw9O+fOrCzrHiIqLdREy8lOYE00Cg+siUbkLNZEI3IeM9GInMXZOYnKhq6JlpjJRAUip6AmGmrjsiYanXSsiUbkPNZEI3JeamoqM9GIHMTZOYnKhq6JllKfwzmJnFKrIEuOptZkJhqdfKyJRkREkWD//v0SF8ssTyIncXZOIufpmmgczknknK1pVSVx/w5molF4YE00IiIKd8hEIyIiCne6JhqHcxI5BzXRMCKBmWgUFlgTjchZrIlG5DxkoqEWBhERUTjLid2uLvzE1uHEHUROQU001MZlJhqddKyJRuQ81kQjch5rohE5j7NzEjkvPr+WuvBztLDTT0TOyK0SL4kJNWX31kzrnsjAIFoUYk00IiKKBKyJRuQszs5JVDb07Jzp6ZxYgMgpdffukb0JItXqplv3RAYG0aIUa6IREVG4Y000Imdxdk6isqFn58zM3GPdQ0SlpScWYCYahQXWRCNyFmuiETkPmWhE5CzOzknkPD07JzPRiJyDTLSjqTWZiUYnH2uiETmPNdGInMdMNCIiigR6dk5mohE5Jy7tdCn4X75kbdlp3RMZGESLQqyJRkREkQCZaAykERFRuNOZaPFZ1h1EVGqbJNs1O2e9GtY9kYFBtCjFmmhERBQJOKSTyFmcnZPIeToTLbYOty8ip2A4Z052ghwoH1llCBhEi1KsiUbkLNZEI3Ies9CInMXZOYnKhs5EO5ydbd1DRKWFiQVwLhj3+17rnsjAIFoUYk00IuexJhoREYU7zs5JVDZ0JlpiJkf7EDkFmWgYkZDXMM26JzIwiBaFWBONiIgiAYdyEjmPs3MSOS8ndrvKmOFwTiLnMBONwgprohERUbjjcE4iIooE8fm11IWfo/s4XJrIKcxEo7DCmmhEzmJNNCLnMRONiIgiAWqiJcQXSHp6VeseIiotZqJR2GBNNCLnsSYakfOYiUbkPM7OSeQ8bFfZOTGSmbnHuoeISouZaBQ2WBONiIgiAU6c8msykEbkFM7OSVQ29OyczEQjcg4z0SissCYaERGFOwyNid3BIZ1ETuHsnERlQ8/OyUw0IufUiotlJhqFD9ZEI3IWa6IRlYGYRIlPyLZuEJETODsnkfN0Jlp8lnUHEZXa7t1H1Xlg5dzIuvjDIFoUYk00IuexJhpR2ThypLrVIiIiCk86Ey22DmsOEjmldpXKkphQU3ZvzbTuiQwMokUh1kQjIqJIkJ2dLUlJu6xbRERE4Ulnoh0uPG4RkTO27TsgO7N3SrW66dY9kYFBtCjFmmhERBTuEhISmIlG5DDOzknkPJ2JlpjJPhaRU5CJBnmZkVWGgEG0KMWaaETOYk00IucxE43IWZydk6hs5MRuV7MIcjgnkXM2SbakSIHEpbMmGp1krIlG5DzWRCNyHjokzEQjcg5n5yQqG/H5tdQsgkf3MUhN5BTMzonzwKxdh6x7IgODaFGINdGIiCgSoEMSF8ssTyIncXZOIuchwzMhvkDS06ta9xBRaZXPzJTjSZmSXL2SdU9kYBAtSrEmGhERhTtkohEREYU71ETLzomRzMw91j1EVFpxaaer36yJRmGBNdGInMWaaETOQyZafAJnOiMiovCmZ+dkJhqRc1ATrcaBanI4fZ91T2RgEC0KsSYakfNYE43IeayJRuQ8zs5J5Dw9Oycz0YicU18SZGfl3ZIikXUuyCBaFGJNNCIiigSsiUbkLM7OSVQ2dCZafJZ1BxGV2rZ9hduVFFi3IgeDaFGKNdGIiCjcsSYakbM4OydR2dCZaLF1mOlJ5JRq1RI5OyeFD9ZEI3IWa6IROQ+ZaETkLM7OSeQ8nYl2OJt1PImclJS0i7Nz0snHmmhEzmNNNCLnMRONiIgigc5ES8zkaB8ip5TPzJSjqTVl99ZM657IwCBaFGJNNCIiigScnZOIiCJBTux2deGHwzmJnLM1raok7t8h1eqmW/dEBgbRohRrohERUbjj7JxEzuPsnETOi8+vpS78HN3HiTuInFIrLpY10Sh8sCYakbNYE43IeZydk8hZnJ2TqGxgu0qIL5D09KrWPURUWrt3H2VNNAoPrIlG5DzWRCNyHmuiETmLs3MSlQ1keGbnxEhm5h7rHiIqrdpVKktOdoIcKB9ZE+IwiBaFWBONiIgiAWfnJHIeZ+ckcp6enZOZaETO2STZqjZu8v+sOyIEg2hRijXRiIgo3DETjYiIIoGenZOZaETOqbt3j6qJdjh9n3VPZGAQLUqxJhqRs1gTjch5nJ2TiIgigc5Ei8+y7iCiUsPsnKiJliKRNckUg2hRiDXRiJzHmmhEzuPsnETO4+ycRM7TmWixdbh9ETmFs3NS2GBNNCIiigScnZPIWZydk6hs6Ey0w9nMniZySvnMTIk5LVbyqx+17okMDKJFKdZEIyKicMeaaETO4uycRGVDZ6IlZrKPReQUDOeM3bFfKmZWse6JDAyiRSnWRCNyFmuiETmPs3MSOY+zcxI5Lyd2u7rww+GcRM7BxAL5NSPvgiqDaFGINdGInMeaaETOYyYaERFFgvj8WurCz9F9HC5N5JS4tNNVJhpn56STjjXRiIgoEnB2TiIiigSoiZYQXyDp6VWte4iotLbtO6DOAzk7J4UF1kQjIqJwx9k5iZzH2TmJnIftKjsnRjIz91j3EFFp1a5SWY6m1uTsnBQeWBONyFmsiUbkPM7OSeQszs5JVDb07JzMRCNyDjLREvfvkOTqlax7IgODaEEc3LRH3l+1WlZ8/I2sW/WrdW94Y000IuexJhqR81gTjchZnJ2TqGzo2TmZiUbknGrVEtWIhN1bM617IgODaH5g54iAWdee3eTcy8+TMb2ukVuHXifde3WWxmc3k7kvzg7rHShrohERUSTg7JxEzuPsnETO05lo8VnWHURUatvz8iUpaZdUq5tu3RMZGETzY/EbS6XnTX1k/eqfrXs88g4fkoenzpKBwwaEdWYaa6IREVG4YyYaERFFAp2JFluHNQeJnFJfEuSgxEheZmRd/GEQzcfsx6bLrBkPqWAZXNvzWnlm7mvyxlvLZPykv0pcRdd4XQTYbhjSL2wz0lgTjchZrIlG5DzOzklERJFAZ6IdzuYxi8gpqIlWI6GGHE7fZ90TGRhEMyCzbM68V1Q7/2iW3Ddtusx4/FHpcGVradmimYwccbP88/PPpHGLs9VjDuzfJ488OE21wwlrohE5jzXRiJzH2TmJnMfZOYmcpzPREjM52ofIKaiJhguqFTOrWPeUnffeXy59BwyRVxYtLnUiFINohmUfv+vOQPu/W8dJ/359VNuEGVlm3jNTKqe6vuhvflgVdtlorIlGRESRgLNzEjmLs3MSlY2c2O3qwg+HcxI5Z/fuo2pEQlx62U+IM+PhabJq5afytzvvkFETJ6mJI3HMLAkG0Qxffv25+o0hm+0uOF+1/WnS6kw5r82Fqv3n1i3y7XerVDucsCYaERGFO9ZEI3IWZ+ckKhvx+bXUhZ+j+xikJnIKMtESE2qekNk5754y3V2aC8E0TBw5f8FCdbu4GESzIJvs99+2qnZafAW54PxWqm2n2WnNrZbITz+ttVrhgzXRiJzFmmhEzuPsnETO4+ycRM5DhmdCfIEalUREzkAm2tHsHSdkdk6U6Fr6+Cxp1e4KVboLUAu/a89uaqhncTCIZkH0Uw/lTKtbM+gOstH5LayWJ4MtXLAmGpHzWBONyHnMRCMiokiAmmjZOTFhO6kcUSSqXaWy5GQnyIHyJ+bizzkd2svsOU/I44vecJfnwoSRE26fKMNHj1A18kPBIJrlh/WebLLadepaLXv4wrUdm/9ntcIDa6IREVEk4OycREQUCfTsnMxEI3LOJslW54HJJzCcUiM5WXq0v0w++8cKad+9s7oPyVSfvPOBDB52g7z9SfAEKQbRLHt2bLJaInXSalote6iLpmXlHrda4YM10YiIKNxxdk4i53F2TiLn6dk5mYlG5Jy6e/eo88DD6fuse06clPpV5bknn5bpjz0hjVucre7LLHw/4/r1VllpmHjADoNolvX/83xxVWoED6KZ9DDQcMKaaETOYk00Iudxdk4iZ3F2TqKyoTPR4l2llIjIAVvTqkpS0i5JkZN3QbXXtT1kwQsvyfjhk+V4TL7EJiarrLTJE2+VVxYtth7ljUE0S8Xj0VOElTXRiJzHmmhEzmNNNCJncXZOorKhM9Fi6zDTk8gpteJiVSZa1q6Tm5SEYdoj/zpcnnnuU3dW2oH9++Rvd94hfQcMKZKVxiCa5XC56DnhYE00IiKKBJydk8h5nJ2TyHk6E+1wNut4EjkFs3MiEy25eiXrnpOrc8cGKivtvrHTJCnBdSxdtfJTlZX28PSZ7uHcDKJZoikTDVgTjYiIwh0z0YiIKBLoTLTETPaxiJxyomfnDAWy0vqPv15WfP+rtGzeQt2HrLS5z8yRqzp0UIG0mIJC6i+nOEQWsWBg6K0jZfIdE1XbDhbeReefp9pxFSvJ+p89s3uWBt7HG68usm6VzL7tf0j5arUkuXw56x4iKi09gQi3KyLncLsich63KyLnYbsq2LlT0hrUl9ycY9a9RFQaudm7JCcuTarFJsvu/KywPG4hgGbCcE8G0SxL33xb7pgwVrUx1Slmaghk3apfpXsv15SolVOryKrVP6h2aWG87apVX1q3/CuoUCAVC/Il81CSpFc6IockSeJyc1TNpv3ZOfLFR+9LRqP6cnb9euoxFRNyJKl8nhzJjbOeQXibt3m7mLdfXfiG1G3aXBqd0UJtd3r709sYYNuMORaj2sDbvM3b9rexXX258t+ya98+6dy1mzqGcQIPotLb9MtG2XbgD2lz0WVFjmdEVHw4Pn3xzTeSdWCn2q7yysdLbEy21zGNiEKD80Edy9jw39VquOS1Pa9V5ahOxDELr6H7cYdjYiUlO0UOJhxU70ndjq+szkex3a9dt1pNMmBCwhWDaBYzswzRxffeele17bz76VsybvB41W7V7gp5/aV5qh0OWrU4V3pf3y9oNh0Rha5hRv2QAuxEFLquPbvJ779tdSybm4hETc2/9qtv5esfvrfuIaLSmjTuNvnht9/k1QXz1XAvIiq9OU8/L7PnPCVPPfGCdLiytXXvyYfY0LwX57tHKgJGH065627p368Pa6KZkFEGOzb/z100zs6WX3dZLZGWZzWxWuGDNdGIysBBXnMgIqLwVjkuUSokJ1u3iMgpucyWJop6ryxaLAOHDXAH0BA8QyLFhy+9pgJowCCa4Yx69dRvjHn/9rtVqm0HKb1a06bNrFb4SEuMt1pE5JgUpu0TOS3vIDslRE46kHdUjmVlWbeIyAnYrpLTkiWemxaRY/KyXfXGahWEx4aFTO6/3XmHrF/9s7qNJCtkyWEkUv3zzlL3AYNoFqTlXtbJVeMs7/AhWbn8I9X2B3XLfl/zo2qfXreeXHB+K9UmoijHTDQiRyUVlJe4lBTrFhE5gZloRM7DdpW1N0tyuGkROSYuwTUScHvMyduwMALxvfeXS+Ozm7nrnyH7DHXaUPfe3zBTBtEMV7Ru6x7S+cY7b6uZMn0hgDbzkXvdszSgGDLHxROdIpiJRuSoIzHhM6U5UbRgJhqR8w6XK89MNCKH6Uy0kwWTRY6aOEnGjhiuEqkA9fGRfTbj8UfVbX8YRDM0aXWmTJg0WbXj8o6rcbAo0o+Cd4hOjpw4WYb37yYb1/+qHoOA25DBg1Q7nCSnpMje7dutW0TkGGaiETmOwzmJnFUuPoWZaEQOq3g8V44fzZNdVXjxh8gpOhPtZEDts+69OqvZQbUxY25RE0wGm+SAQTQfKBaHaUuRwgfIOJs14yEVnfxoyesSm+g6KcGMnEjvC8cstKzCDgmmiCUihzETjchxHM5J5KzjOQeZiUbkMGR4QvV95dVvIiq9k1ETDclRfQcMUbXPNMR23ln6gYyZ4LkvEAbR/Jh8x0RZ+vgsNQ4WNc80BNaQ3nfftOny1MwZ1r3hibNzEpUBZqIROSp12xGrRUROYU00IudhuwJmohE550TXRJs07jaZcPtEd/ZZbNYRd2wHoxJDxSCajXM6tFfjYFd+8bn8vnmT+ln/81qV3odstXCug1YhNpazcxKVBWaiETlqZw129ImcxppoRM7DdlUuMY6ZaEQOOnToxJX0wMybb771prv2WfvunWXD7p0liu0wiBaFcPWRNdGIygAz0YgcFV8+32oRkVNYE43IeZydk8h5lSqlSMHOnSJJJ25kAkYaIvvs0VmzrXuKj0G0KMSaaERlhJloREQU5lgTjch5nJ2TyHkHcw5ITI0aIkeSrHvKziMT7pevv/telixdqrLPksuVs/5SfAyiRSnWRCMqA8xEI3JUUkF5zs5J5DDWRCNyHmbnZCYakbNS4iu7MtFOgJT6VdWwTSfKcjGIFqVYE42oDDATjchRR2JyOTsnkYMObtrjnkWQiJyD7YqZaETO2p+dozLRcqtEVuyCQbQohIkFmIlGVAaYiUbkqONH86wWETkBV9pRE42InIUMTxyzODsnkXNSE+JVJlr5nH3WPZGBQbQodCw/n5loRGWBmWhEjsJMZycqjZ/oVIGaaETkLM7OSeQ8nYl2ImqiOYlBtCiUnJLC2TmJygIz0Ygcp06eiMgxyJghImdxdk4i5+lMtEjDIFoUKl8pReo1amzdIiInxFWsJJWrRNZVEqJwl1y5hqTFV7BuEZFTULuJiByUmiY16zdgTTQiB2VkZMjl1/eSM5pHVhmCmIJCVpuiRGbmHvXbiZkniMhl3apfpVrddG5XRA7C8SovM1dqnlXTuoeISovngUTOw3Z1UHZJg/Qm1j1EdKpiEI2IiIiIiIiIiCgIDuckIiIiIiIiIiIKgkE0IiIiIiIiIiKiIBhEIyIiIiIiIiIiCoJBNCIiIiIiIiIioiAYRCMiIiIiIiIiIgqCQTQiIiIiIiIiIqIgGEQjIiIiIiIiIiIKgkE0IiIiIiIiIiKiIBhEIyIiIiIiIiIiCoJBNCIiIiIiIiIioiAYRCMiIiIiIiIiIgqCQTQiIiIiIiIiIqIgGEQjIiIiIiIiIiIKgkE0IiIiIiIiIiKiIBhEIyIiIiIiIiIiCoJBNCIiIiIiIiIioiAYRCMiIiIiIiIiIgqCQTQiIiIiIiIiIqIgGEQjIiIiIiIiIiIKIqagkNWmCJeZuUdWr/ldJOmIHNufK2fUqCtNWp1p/ZWIiOjEwnHp2+9WSYUKleWSi5tKUlKS9Zfg8L+7t2bKxgO/Snx+LXVfi+YNJT29qmoTnarc53uFuE0Qldy6Vb/Ktn0HvPpO1eqml2ib0s+VE7tdHbO4bdKpysntKlwxiBYl5jz9vCx+bZFs/2WdxNSooe5LLl9OamacJuNG3SMdrmyt7iOi4LDzv2FIP+tWcBMmTZb+/fpYt4hIw7Fp9pynpOFf6srsFx6RBulNrL8Ehm3w8QWz5fsv/y1Zucete13Htd7X95Mhgwexc0KnrFcWLZapDz4gafEV5MUXFoZ0wXT46BFqewpFw+Yt5d4xt/NCLEUtfYxZ8+0PsnfjJnffKT5vr5RPqF6s4wye697Zj8jva36UQ9v+9OqHtb/scrn9rjt5vKJTgt6ufl3zi1dMAopz/vbw9JnyxquLrFvBPTzzmRMe62AQLYLpq/QT758o61f/bN0rcjwmX2KPHJHYxGTrHpGht45kp4MoROj4z5rxkHUruPumTWcQjcjHio+/kZHX9ZD85CRp0PhMWbhwYdBjEI5ry1d8In+78w7rHpf8o1lex7TKqVVk4bxF7OTTKUdf5Dmwf58kJeTKm//+Xhqm1rT+au+SphfLzkPbrVuBhbq9EkUaHGMWv7G0yDleXlw5iTuWKxIXY90jcnrdevLsrGdtjzM6I3R4/27u4xP6YPFJlSXv8CF1G3i8omhnt13FVawkubu3e52/Ybu6e8p026AXnuv/evWSP7duse4J7o23lknLFs2sWycGa6JFMJzc4MqHDqBhpUSw7MEHH5Fx9zwp7bt3LjwquGKkc5+Zo1ZuIgrui2++sVqh2b9/v9UiIlBXI5+6XwXQIPvoUcnLLOygBIGhn8iwAQTOcBy7b+w0uX/WHHV8w3EOEEAYd+d49TpEp4ofV69V6z3Wf8iJS5PcjcGPP+iUhBpAA2yvRNHIt6Pfqt0VMn7SX+WB+x+U+6bPkGsHDnUfZ9CJR8AaF4T8wfFq1Nhh7gABjle3336XTLnrbhkz5hav49WgEQN5vKKohYufGHUACEg3bnG2OmfDtoDzt2t7Xuu1XU2eeKuj28Pu3Sf+mMVMtAiGdH59tR4r5ry3XytyNRKPufueuyQu77i6ErJq9Q/WX4jITuOzm7mvIj4z9zV1tQSdEASu7X4Tkct77y+XkSOHSbkCz3U6HKOWLF0adFtp1eJcd4Bg0JgJcteE0aqtYXsbMXSo/Lhmtbo9ZOwI+ev421WbKJqhI4+Oh94+AOd1i1e8EnSYtJldjc7Ne2+9G/CYVrFiYrHqFxJFAjOLEyZPGS9DB49RbdPOrCwZfMN17iQFBNrmP/Ok1zaB50JAe+N6VyBg7GPTZUDL9pJS3/sY13fAEFm18lPVRpDtuSefVm2iaIFjxkXnn2fdco1+m3zHROuWBx5nZpjhvHDlF5+rtgnnkBNun6j6YTorGuyOV/pvJxoz0SLUwU173FfrAWmR/tL5McSsd/ceqo2DBsYYE5E97JDNNHydbqx30Ha/iU516FTMLuxI4OTHDKCFCh193blBR983gAbY3qZOeUhlqcGCuX93n0QRRSO9XSHjxQygAeoFHtvqGX5mZ+06V9AZurTurn4HOqYxgEbR6If1a93bEAJj3fsMVm1fNZKTZeY9M1WQGtZ985FsWbdVtTVMeLN+wy+q3bJ5C78BNHhq5gx3Bs7nn/7TNquNKFLNe3G+1XJtC/4CaIBjC4Jmerva8scm2+0BQ0AhteZpEl94uhfoeKXbJxqDaBFq5bqP3R19HAgCFdNDQUutOEX6iE5Fy955xWq5OvJEFBiCWMh6vmX8LTJ79rPuYxNOplAPAxISE9XvQDA5jrbghZesVlGoK9P5xiGqjdfCkBqiaITtavSUSV7bFbJZalRyzVaLIugJCQmqHch/PvcE0ep35ERTdGp6/llPFthNffuqYJkdHGcwwQYcyk10zTRo+OD9f7svFvXse73fABqgg9+5azfVxja8YcMa1SaKFh+8967VEnWRM5jz2lyofmP72bWraN2zld9+5x4i3fKsJrbb1snGIFqE+nL5t1ZLpEenTlbLP+zAdTAAV2B4FYTI3oa1nh36Rc0vsFpEZAfHmEWLX3an6KMexvRHH1YnU5iNCVBj6aDsUm1/kG1zfN8x1cZVymBXFkddP9BqiTz9/GyrRRRd0Onf/PNPqo2ANGo3YThYdly2ug810bKzXW07CHKb9dC6tGphtYhOLVv//NOdxdy1S0f1O5BUqaB+oyTOsWPeQbR/f7zcaolc2KGp1fKvadNm7gtKyApl9jRFC70uY0INnLtVq5uubgdSv/YZVktkz45NVstjy6b/Wi2RCunxViv8MIgWgbKOH5efN6+3bok0DyGN8eyMxlZLeBWEKIBNxs67ZWvX1RIcJBB8XvGvz9RvngAReejtAdkxKB77/uJ3pFevvrJJPJ17ZKKlSHXrVlG/bF4jf2b9qdrnNQ+eKYMsAZy0wf6Ne+X3/TtUmyjaoPON7eqpJ16QkSNutu71CNZpMTM1UV9GQ+AaxzTUn0GbKNpt2vibfPLpd/LE089Z99jDcW3bgT+sW4Wd+QqVrZbrb3pYKLbPYDUJ65WPs1oiv675RQ1PI4oGuOCJIZofLPlI7p/3YtALoPDl1546aFVr1rdaHjs2bVS/sW01retKZjD7Yf9Z8YmKhZxsDKJFoKP7Dsjxo3mqjRVsa1rwFbZeI08QbcsGTwCOiDywk961z1NzBidNqCOIbE/Uoxk1bKz6fVWHDup+HTwgOpXhpGnEzWPkrgVPy4zHH3VP49+kwHUVH5CJlrXLU2vQV3ZOjKeOWkrwGk9QtbLr2Lc7PyukGQqJIs2NA6+V115ZqLYru7Idu7dmWi3/Nm/ebLVEMhrVVx0RFDu/ulM7dUxDDUMUW+/asxtHKlDUq392RkhZaKvX/C6//+aqg4YMm9pVPEE0/E2rWTXNatmr0aKFOyt7367fJcd+FClRRMJ5XyhZzug3rV/1H+uWSPXqrnqBJj2qQddFGz7gVmnfprm7H9Zr3HjpesWVqo7uycQgWgTCCZOefjwtvoKcX7eOagdSp3EjqyVyII9TlxP5gxOjHXv2qjYC1Nhhz31mjmTudU02oH9wBRL3Y5YZXME/cuSI+h+iUxU6Jb4nUOtiXMMzITktWZKru4az+LN/vycIZqb6B1Iz4zSrJUXq1RBFA8wc2LJFM+tWUeiYB8tEMycV+P7Lf8utQ69TswXmJyd5HdMwEyH+hkkMeIGITmVY/x9/6n61bQBqOOmLQ2DWcTqz+VlWyx4uNCWnpKg26qvlJ4bvEDWisoLtCv0miXNdKEWpKd+LQ+aFHNRFQz/sk5UfypHs8u7jFX4QaMOM08NHjzhpxysG0SJQhboFknXwoKudnBz0KiQkFniKOm/7w3uGGSJyMWte6B11bNYRNXkHhtOgoLOeZQmwEx887Ab56l+umjVE5FFfPAXPs/ZmBcxEO3TIdUyDSpVcnY1gkgrKq9+4Wulbr4boVIDZOQOdA2Im9/0Hc6xbrrq4gGGdOJ7hx5wABDCJAWZbYyCNTkXYZu6eeo8KKmv/d/UAq+Vi1nGqk1bTaoUG9dUKtnI8J51acDx55MFp7iwzHHMwA66vVau+tFou6Ieh39W+3VWuY1bhbz27J3zyzgcycNiAk3K8YhAtAm34sYJUiPV8daEU8TMlV65htYjIhGEv2GFr2GFv2L1TXn9pnhpO88iE+9XYf9TT0J0OZKktWWY/kyDRqSo7zpOJBoEy0fZu9xQ+D1VsqmsYTUFyqlRIdQXUiE4FudmuSTqQiYYLq3Yyk3e568sA6hY+M/c1+eijD9QEBfh5Y9k/5Lt3P1MXizRkWodygZYo2tz+2D2qY67dN216kWyZI7meGmcHDxT/Ak5cOo9XdGp5ZM6z8uZbb1q3RMaMHOWV3amZ9dIAk+l88OH78txLz7iOWYW/P1yxQgYOGGQ9QlTAGxd+TjQG0SJQo5bH5Fi+q6AyBJrxTKtWzZOJlr/fNVyNiLxlZGSoqxxIMUbmGXbYJj3NMoauTbnrbtUGnHDxqj2Rt4Q8T020YNJq1bJaodPHspis/XJsf65qE50KkirXVr+RiXZsq30NweTEOtL63FYqQIaMs3tnzfJbWw3HthfuneGeyR0eXzDbahFFP5TmQK1bM4CG88D+/fpYt2xYF3OKI5R+G1E0QN9o0rjb5M0Fc617XAkK/ibJgTYXXaaOVTgWIYCGxyUlJVl/dcHw6LvvmyJDbx1p3SPyxquLTvgEOQyiRaCjq/9ntVwCzXim7d7tqYOmr94TkTcEx3CV47233lWZZ4HgxMrscCx+Y6nVIiIwM9EwO2cge496hpwVl8pEM2ZOI4pmO7OyJO6I6/S9WmxywEy0GsnJ6liGbOqXXn3FdnICQCBt3KTbrFsin3/6T6tFFN0wu/PE+yeqDEwNHfTb77rTumUvrQT1zULptxFFOhyrRk2c5JWBhu3qgSn3W7eKmnzHRJUd/eqsl2wDbdqQwYPcJXZwQWlbTvFHNJQGg2gRSM3yYhWohOKm3KemsKAlkRO6dOxhtUTeX/621SIiMDPRMBnOgfL22WL1qnvKEpj10UJRISFwgI4omiAwlh2XrdqYmTZQJprJ92q+Px0uvtxquWrR/GfFJ9YtouiEGmgj+w7yqoE2ZswtqjOPjBd/6tSpa7WKX4rgeEx+wPqgRNEAGWh9unRTk9hoGIIZaLsy6ZE/geB59MQeOF5tWP2bap8oDKJFIHRE9FV9PZNgMBs2rLFaIpXj2OEgcgKGfxKRf5vE1dEHHLMq54ZWBybUTsl/t3hmSGuYal9vjSja4Ko7xOftlfINUlXbKebkOdtjkq0WUfR57/3lcvk1HWTjetcwMNS6xRCyMRPuULftVK/u2UZ++C14xx0BBT0hXNXKVaX+2Tx3pOiF7apHp05ekwhguxo+yjP80iknM6bBIFoEaphaU1Jruqb2R+TV7KjY2bJhvdUSqd3wfKtFRKVhDiE7fjTPahERmLNzIhMta8tO61ZRCEjryTq27NuvfgejAwlQ/zzX1UiiUwEmFICcuDTJ3bhfZdM4JdjQa6JogI7+hNsnumesxfHnqReekBs791K3AzGHRf+xebPVsmeOGMJIItbQpWi1dOnrMuXOyWrSNcBkNtOm3qWGZoaSgVZcJamn6xQG0SJUvSqeK4/71m+wWvbWrPvFaom0uZSdDSJ/UPzyyq49pFOnziEVqFy31jOLTI/LelotIgLfmmh5De3rcZ5RwzM8ZutPnsxpOys+/sY9k26L83hhiE5NCKYhE81u6AsCBX0HDJGLzj1PFU0Phc7KgUA11IgiEeo0vbJosYwdMdx9DEH25VsvL1bDmUMZRgaVU6uo3yqZ4XtPH8ufXzavkb2HXK+F4WdlEUwgOplwIQfb1R23TXYHprGNYDKbXr36qtvB4Lxu+OgRqg+G38EgGP3jL+tUG0HwEz06iEG0CNWuYyerJfL2Rx9ZLf+wkpmpyi1bNFNtIvKGDJjNP/+ktpdPv/nCutc/HDA++uJL65ZI/Y7sbBCZfGuiBRrOianOM2qfrtq4ghksiL3i3cVWq7Cj36651SI6tSAbE5lodpAtjZo02KY+eO/doBkw6MRo5sQ5RNHi+y/+JVMffMC6JWrm2mdnPauOQcXR/jJP/cB/bfiP1fJv9X92SVyeK3O6fu0z1G+iaLLxwJ/y2IyHrVuu7WrhvEXFuhBzRvMUNTsu+mCY2CbY8QrB6B2bNqp2wc6dJ3yCKQbRIhRmEdRDX3CCFKjDcffUe6yWyMgh/a0WEflqeVYTqyWydt1qq+XfynUfuwvR4ipml1YtVJuIXJCJlpsd+lT+Nw0YZLVEzZRmB8c7PdsTjoNDB49RbaJTgTl0Ex2HanU9k3L4QqckPc2V9YIauqt/W6va/qDD8vyTnk7QiJu5XVF0wTo+4+Fp7gy09u2uUjPXFjeABmYyw6LFL1st/97/x3z1OzbriFx9ZTfVJoomQwcOdGeg4QLMUzNnFHu7apDexF2TE9vovBdd242dOU8/76671rJrtxOeOR13byGrTREmMTFX/rny36r98ccfSr0GzaXBGbXVbThy5Ig8/8J8eX3xEinIPaY6G7NmzZaKFYPP0ER0KqqamCbvL39fcrKzZdOG3+VIznFp3LhxkW0GQ2QeuO8hOXL4sNqu7vzrBDnrrHOsvxIR7P9zn7z/yadqO0mpnCp9+vYNePxp1vRseWnBy2r727Mj0+/2hwAaAmz4O1yDE6erPJ0ZomgXXyVJnn/2ObWdxFZJkx5XdJX006pZf/WWVjFddu8/KD98/506D/z2s3+qc8VaNdOkfHlPZiiCC889NUc+/OhDdRudoJG3jOD5IkWVt5a9K2+/uUS1EdDqM+xa2b79gPz228agP3kHc722syqpqfLP775Sx6Jdmfvkf5u2SItW5xU5Xo366x2yab1ryNm5HTrJjTcPkAqxzGGh6IFSAV//0zV6B32iUbeOlj179/ndjnx/fLer2nWayHtvu7ZRHLeqVj9NkupUlbQEzyQ3OF4teGmhzJrxkLqN13z24cdtj4NlJaagkNWmCIOrkcPuneSePjYpIVcu6tBDzm7cVuTYFjXUbP2q/xSuXTGSfzRL7p81R/r366MeS0RFIfA8f4Fnxwy4KtK5sKNeqVKKuv3+8rfl99+2uq9kXtvzWrntgfukRjJnMSMyvb9qtdwzZLC6OontaMnSpUFrwSBAPXpQf4lNdG1P6My3uegytf0hO/T7L//tdbVzwQsvsb4MnVJwnGpz8aVqO0DNmdc/f19NOGUHHfkbhvRzbzf6XLFZE1f2NCae+uLrr2T3TtfEH+iQLH18lpzTob26TRQN0PG+9LLL3edueXHlpEJCYmEn/qDkHzssBcmp6nbu7u3uNh6L7QH33fa3B1VxdBOOV6itppnni77bVajHQKJIguPLoBED3es56G0m0Dalf1/doYPMePxR6z9dUJ/aHG2AureXNG8kcQlV5NChg/Ll15+7RwLh75i4INS6a05iEC3CYeUdd+d4r0Kw/gy9daRMvsN+eAwReWB2mTunPOg+2fIHJ2C9u/cosvMnIhez816cDgRS9Gc++oi7how/OHFa+cZyqXmWffCAKFq1anGu2q6wHaAgeijDZjDBgL7oaqdajRoy/+kFJRreRhTOfANexWXXj0IxddRYC3S+iOPfi0ufUcPViKIJtivMchto/Q+kfffO8tyTT1u3PMxAmh0c/26/behJK+nBIFoUyDp+XJ569HE1Q8Xva3503Zd7XBVpzmhUX3p07qlqqBFR6FBgGcXLf968XnZs/p/apjATGjoZzZucJR269eHMZUQBbMxcJ49Nf0l2Z2aqeoNDBg8K+So8tr8ly16SbX9sVZmf1WKTJS8pX+qdebZ6rjGjR0hSEoea0alJzVx2sPD0PSVGHphyf0jbFTJxli9cLm+v/lgVY0aNNNRUq1W4PdWs30Datm4tfXr3YqYMRSV09l9+/XXrVnCpUkH2i2eG6Zv69rXtS9mdL9bMOE1lUqMOGgPTFI1W/OszmfvcQuuWPb09+f7u0amT7Sg5bLNvf/CWbN6wSTat+kFiCvtferu6qPkF0qtHn5O6XTGIFkUwvDMnufC37JKKmVUkLr08T4aISgkdD8jaslOS69VQbW5XRKHD8LPjO49KSv3ibzd6+9u9NdNdQJ3bH5FruyppIBnbVV5mrmSdJu5Zc7ldUbTTx6JyNRLVtoN+kz4u6bb5GC3U4xe2K/NcEbhd0akA242mtxdzm9L3l3S7OlA+132syk+MD4sSOgyiERERERERERFRmSnNBaBwwiAaERERERERERFREJxjl4iIiIiIiIiIKAgG0YiIiIiIiIiIiIJgEI2IiIiIiIiIiCgIBtGIiIiIiIiIiIiCYBCNiIiIiIiIiIgoCAbRiIiIiIiIiIiIgmAQjYiIiIiIiIiIKAgG0YiIiIiIiIiIiIJgEI2IiIiIiIiIiCgIBtGIiIiIiIiIiIiCYBCNiIiIiIiIiIgoCAbRiIiIiIiIiIiIgmAQjYiIiIiIiIiIKAgG0YiIiIiIiIiIiIKIKShktYmIiIiIvGRm7pHVa36XXbu2yB9/bJU6depK9er1pMOVra1HEBFRWdH74A0b1sihQwfVPvjcxs2kSaszrUcQ0YnEIBoRnVDvvb9c9u/fr9ql6YStW/Wr/LB+rWqnpqbKBee3kvT0qup2aeBEZfmKT1Qbz9u1S0fVppNvxcffyIp3F8uWfa71JzUlXpo1aSF9evcq0Xd/5MgR+epfP6nAADi5HoXilUWLS/ya5voPJT2Zxvr+7XervLbJFs0bnrBlEE6wful1oawCROZrRFIH6J77npRlr06XI9nlrXtEKqdWkcE33yIjR9xs3RP9fly9Vn755VfV9reO6ONbQnyBnJXR/JTq4GJ/pnXs0D4i9iG++79Ied+hML+P/v36WK3iC+fv9eCmPTLs3kmqfVPfvlF9vjZp3G2ybMUKyTt8yLpHJD2tqvQeNUAmDB5t3UNEJwyCaEREJ0qfmwYXNKiXoX66XN3Vurd4du3aXXD72Anu58FzOmX5in+7n7dtm3bWvXSyvTDviYJGZzV1fzf6B+vQgf/uth4VuoWvvO73+fDz0MOPqHWsLD015zn1WngPxfHL9+sKOna8qsh7xg+2g+K8b3xOf8sA9y1Z8pr1qFMHlodeBmiXBXO/hXUgErz73kfu9QRtMLcf7DNPFYHWEWx72B/hb1g2p9JygXObt3R/duynIgG+s0h836HQ6yl+SkNv56V9nrKA/RHeV/3q1dz7pmiE/S0+51+qVnfvV3D8yDijYUGD2vWiar0lihSsiUZEJ9TQGz1ZC+tX/6wyaooLV0I/+fwz65ZIj06drBZFI6wjjzw61+sKbFzFSuqndp26Uq5GonVvaIaPHiF/u/MO9/Pp59LmPjNHBg4bUKJ1MxhkvyEbafacp9Tt5PLlVDZEML/v3yFznn5euvfqLBvXe96X+b5XrfxULr3scpUNE+g58bm69uymPqe/ZYD77rhtsvQdMKRMlkEk2Lt9u9UqOwdzDlit8PbTT2vVOnHftOnuTA9ktlzdoYNqr1r1pfp9qjleuC2b8hPjrZZI7u6yX3/CVaR99uSUFKtF/uAYFa6wb4IqterIGTXqqna0yTp+XNZ8+41qz3r57+7sV2QAd+xSuA+Oi5FPv/lC3UdEJw6DaER0QuEE4PS69axbIss+ftdqhQ7DCw7s36faGFKEIQYUveb//QV3sCf/aJbqzL/18mJZ+vgsmXzLJElKSlJ/CwUCQ5+884FqI2g0ecp4eeqJF9RzjX1susRmuTrGCPDeMv6WkAJcxbFl3VaZMmmk+/NAKMNj1nyyUmY9NE218b4HDhgkz8x9TV57ZaH63bJ5C/U3PO+E2yfK7q2Z6rYvfJ6J909Unw+wLT7x9HPuZTB+0l/dwTQE5bDsT0VptWpZrbJTsXwdqxXerr6ymzz+4qyiQ8JS06zGqamcz34n9miOCupjiFWTi1pL7SqVrb+cWspXK/ttpyzE5+2V8g1SrVuRD+dG2L+b51slcWjbn1YrvOBY9uMv61S7YfOWUTt0OrlcORl04zC1D7YbroqyEER0YjGIRkQn3KTJd1otkUXzHy92oOL5Z5+2WiLntbnQ0Rod1aoVL6uJyt6BvKNWS6T/iCmqM48T5nM6tJf6Z2dYfwkOGVoIDAGCZQjEDR08RgV28Vyjr+0jG3bvlMYtzlaP+XPrFln8xlJ1Jbi0dAYaMsky93qv76Gs/88/v0BdcYYxI0fJ3fdNUe+7ZYtm6vcby/4h1/a8Vv0dgbR7Zz+i2r5Q/8cMoC1ZulSdmOtlgKvbWC46kPbmW2+ektloZZaJZgaejrlqo4U7bGvdruhp3XKtr1iXv/l0hQpqI8h2Ktp7NMdqueA49NyTT8vXP3wv77317ilVDy0a5MSlSe5GV220aLBq9Q+y8ovP1U9pVKp9utUKP7+v+VH9bnlWE/U7Wpn7YJyPYB+M85nvv/y3OlajviYRnVgMohHRCYdC6rhKCodyE+XrtT+pdijQeUNwQ5s8YJTVcsbu3Z6ADYWH/Qc9ndULz29stYoHJ51vf/CWdUvkoedfsO3kjht1jzuI9P7ytyX/j9INu0MQ6t4775Fhw/wXdw4WBMbJsh7CiQCfXSH32++60511gGChv+DXlDsnWy2Ru6dM9/vaWC7Tpt5l3RLbgFw0K7NMtP17rYZITEZ9qxU5kAX8f716ya1Dr5Mde/bKk/NfOWWDRWnG8E2KTHmZuVbLJaEg32qRlpVb+otIZQEXhPSIhFMpkP/S8y+qffDYEcMlIS9BZZEzYE904jGIRkQnHDru7S+7XLXj8o7LP995R82yFIoly16yWiKt2l0h9c87y7rlDGaiRScMb/x1zS+qjUDTWfUaqbY/yMpq+BdXfRVkbWUm71Ltkpj74mzpeVMfldFVzipD2r57Z/ewUQiWifb087OtlivAZwfb1c23jLBuuYbBmhBU050OLAN8Tju9evUNGpCLZiciEy12veu7iCQYNtT63FZq36uHDr/7qSc4Taeu8vEV1O9IqokWl+6ZbRayY9gt8hWuNdF0PTRc8DqVgkh5+SlqH4wLajsPbZfbRvVSF5eJ6MSKwewCVpuI6IRBRsPd99ylgmg4GcDwl2DQkUedKp2JhlpQvoEABCRwhRJZR0h110EDwOt06dhDrmjd1vakCycjyLIABBF8h0JgmvEt+1xDPp6aOSNgFhHqb2mvvzTParng87/90UeqjYkRMEQRGUcvv/66rP7+O3fNLLznfn1uku4XtZeU+lVVgfn1/1qrHvfdh29LbGKyehzea5/r+kmf3r0Cvicsn9VrfpcV7y5WkzOYywfP0blrN2nVqo1ccnHTYtUasxP0+2jdXa7o2K7I96Gyt2Y/IqlSQb7+5h05ku3q7OB/kivXUO1LmjeSMRPuUO1g8L0O799NLS8EAHy/D1/4nhH4gvvGTpP+469X7eLAZx8xdKj8uGa1uo1aSaMmTlI1/DABAL5jZGRi2I0dPMdF55+n2ugsrP/Z1XGwszFznXQ6v4tqN2h8pnz0kav+Gzw8faaaTADGjLkl6LLDBAy6ftz0Rx9WgbVg8L0heIdtpF6VVFXLBVD78K03l8junTvVbXxuBNLxd/3d43/xuDdeXeReT/CZL7viUvm/qwcEDPoB/v+H9Wtl0eKX5ffftrq3ITxHi/POl5v69pWzqte2Dbyby2forSNl8h0TVTtU+K4w/BfZi3rILGSc3VQG9b9Bfe+PPDjNvV6NmDJBJgwerdqa3mekpsSroYFYb7GtLluxwv159HY6ZPAgta3rbRoXGMxtDMu49/X9VJaGuX1h3/PHH1tVG8FCnXWH4Yk6u0rf7/u/JgSIH546S61nCxcuDLjf8cfu+wJs520uuky9PupUNUytaf3FGz47YB+DfeKP770r+cmu/Ra+dwTD+7XrLxfe0EIapAce8oXnWr7ikyLvR+9bcdx464t3ZN4TrnICvusI/n/ei/NVnSZ8f+MGjvFadvgu5/79edUOtu/SxwLQxwcNr3P31HtUhi5e54Ep96uLBEvfXiz/WPaW1/dvbmMYBvb156vkmy8/8nqc3sZ8329xtWpxrnpOPN/7n78u67fmyOd//7vXccbcnls3aKiOaRo+F7YPfXy9d8ztQd8P9lE6UxmTFvnuI/ztUwDHgKHDb5Da8bXc5xRYXotXvOK1nuA7w3aF18D+o175OLl/4SJ3WQCsG7hw4fv94PtAsXfffQFeAyUoenTuqTLyfbcZ8/WgT4+Otvtdc30DDGkc0WeQe5kGOv8A/T6xTn/4j/e8MvyxfPB52zRpJZdf08G97H7fvEn99qWfC8v6g8JtcMsfm9wXjczPbFfTqyT0+oYyBjMef9S6t/j0fgjnYxgeaq6rzRo2kJ59r1f7bn/fld6e27Zurc699LnOJ2+9X/gErvIL6hyucB/UetDlaj+GZaX3V+a5XqjncKZ77ntSXp3/mPq+5j/zpCPnbEQUGgbRiOik2JmVJT3bXuauD+UvIOYLHYvRg/qrQAhOOFDPyTzZQABhxsTZ8vn3X3l1yHxVq1FDRo+d4PfE6MfVa6V3z6tVG6/hG0RrV/ie9cnmO0s/CHiS3/jsZu734XvyiZkWZ814SLVxEogO6/yXX7Z93/pE8YG/TZUFL77oPkHzFShAhJO3556aI39fsiTg8tGd7+IGEXzh9dDZ+/zTfwZ9vf5jBnkFFHCCqoOZdnByGkrwFRA4wIycgEwwBCgCefuTz2XCkEGqXZzXMWEdHzNyrDpRHjj0xsL1vbtaX7Bcrurg6pjgs3+4YoXtSbO5HHyDYv4go7P7gF7uTuHcBQtU3TRAp0p3/h6bN196tL9Mte2YyyzUjgo+G4aa4PXRCcGwUNRzM2cUNentGEGgB6be4dWRMyEAOXXGHL/7CNSb++pfP8njT93v1WH1BxMwDJryN+nSyjURg8kMol07cKjMuNczpDUYdMTMCRv8wbaJoIcOTGISB9+huQ2tIZ5Ydo89MlMNvzU7/yY8HwL56JAFehzW35n3zHTvq8zgaDCYxKPIhAKGi849T/bmHFNDioLtv02hLC9ISsiVO6Y85r6I4AvrGwLTer22g/UMtTjtOvGh7KuwHDFxgF52vtsEnkMHzfH9+S6TFf/6TG7tN1i1A+2nwff44LvtmQGrKXfdreqE2m07eN9vFG7L2EYwqYlvTUYt0DYWigtbX+gOkiPA6Bu4MuF9Y5/41/G3W/e4mBcvgu2nN/28Wdpfcb77QtKKJe95BciRIfnAXx92vydfqOfXoU9vlaGs91eoB2ke03HOMXZ44TZaeLzF9/DND6uKLGff94n/mfHwNNvvA/Da51/VQ56440GpeZZ3gNhcBtiHL5y3yO95BvbP94wf6f78vtuq3peAv+AXtkHzoqQ/mMDGPF+wC6LhvTz5xGO2yxqwfHExI5TgaDB476gvCrOX/sPv/jwUOL6Gctzw3YeCWjdGDFdtbM8IpGHWbX/7j+Mx+TL0piEyZuBIWfCPuTJn3iu2+xmsTwiMhxpIw3Z35MA2ef2Vj0u9XIkodMxbJqKTokZysrRp28665T1M0w6u8OkTxtZXdChykjFm2O3yycoP3ScnOLHBiSVmH8RJPU7iACd6Ux98QLb9WXTWqeLURKtWN91q+RdoWMuhQwetlsiXX6xUnXe8b5ys4cQVJ1KmxcuWqM7vgpfmqxN6dArR0ceJvf5cgM7k0jfftm55oIN37/RH1P/r5YPX0ssHv/GcgI4P3g86ciWFYA6CKehw2n0fGl7vuUdfUCelGma2Q9AI79H8fOjo4T78DZkqodKZN1C/9hlWy15igWdYb9beLKtVPImZOSo7Atlj6CzqE1xcsTfrzAQ6Wd61y9PByagZfBKFnMLNIyHR896353lq/Gz9aY3VErmoWVOrFRpzcodADor30Nc7pzyoAmj4DrGu4kevZ4AOHIIg6NzrzhzWfWwD+J41dPz1VX9fmPF01Nhh7o6Qfi2sZ8igM7clBDimjx9n3bJXnHpX6NCNu3O8pyOWV6BeH4FKc7vCtmkGr+ITsq1WUdhmxt90o9o20JHG85n7MMDzIfMNHTkdUNHLGP+j4X0h20RDhx+d4VB+0CnHvgOdTX/S6vrPEAsGWaa+3xcupPjuq5GBin31n3uLzjaL94UsTTOAhu8az4EfPKeGdQtDT/19DjzPwGEDvPZV7dtd5X4evR7i/Zrfn7+6eUdiPDW2ahV47zeO7feuvxWqQPX5cIxRy6fw85nfv7mN4X0/Nn2m2kZ0AA3LCcsZ+1ENfwvlOGwnN+eY1RJ1/MA6ieCB3p6x/9ewnJHR5/t96MxVwLLGd2Nn5vxn3ecDeG4zgIZjybjB491BHSwbBK3xfeI3tg/8L15D73cKCh/rb3bOuJQU9fuNd952PxbLV29jyKrTdGBFPw6PwXLG62JfoNclvDbW27HT7yryGVHbEsc5wDJ8fIFnOL+GfQ4ucOjPj2UcKNjt6/1Vq1UQSr9Pf8sHzPMFO/pii17W+F/9XPjMev+L58FnxraPCx+lsWLlMvUby6mkATRcMJ088Vb3fgiBTWw7eN/4Uetr4b4c8JhAtUFxoezR++5SnxHrBr5zfG69H0NWHpblk/9YJLNnP6seh+Wkt1f9OMA6iYtKpkD74Pj4BDUpRjTNLEsUEZCJRkR0Muzatbsg44yGBQ3qZagf3LZz4L+7Cxqd1dT92OVffWr9xeWhhx9x/w2Pe/e9j6y/eOD5b77pFq/H/fL9OuuvLj/8uMb997Zt2ln3euA+/Xff//Vlvl9fT815zv03/OCxS5Yus/7qgvdrvp5+3MJXXrce4YLH/V+Pnu7HdLm6q/UXDyyP+tWrqb+f27xlwZIlr1l/8Ybnxt/1c/lbjsH8tm+71/dx8TkXFXnPcCg3t+D2sRPcj8Pr+lsHzO+sJO8HzNfx91780Y/HMncSPqNexnafWTPXE3yGUPS5abB6PL5vvbwOHz7sXpf8rff+LF/xb/c6jOcM9D41PMZ3ncX79v1f8/vQPzePurXI416Y94TXY3zfN/YLWN/139H299nwWcz35e/zmOtsqMsapj02w/1/7bt09/v6vts7fnCfL/PvWPa+j8F7Nrd1/OB7xnv3ZS5jfPaS0ssXy9CE99Kgdj21DoeyPml4rH5fdv+L5za/V9/Ph79jfdF/x+fzfX+Ax+ntAT94Ttxnwv4AnwN/v7BlK7/Pg8dgP6afBz++72nHoUPu7wbfie/z4Lb+X7ynQIJt93r/gR+sJ3gMtnGTuXz0j7/nMl+rNPs63+3e3/b80/KPvd67v/djfu/+thHA85rPYy5r3+8c78MXHuO7fPztF7H/1PtA/PiuH/g8+jPif83H2u0z8Zzme/e37eIx+u/4wXLQz4Xf5jKy27bN/zdhn+m7fHzfJ47h5v5D//jCstCfGb/9fRbAcurY8Sr38zzx6MPWX0pGf358Dt/1PlTm94/n++9/Nll/8TA/H37M9dH3O8J36nsOh3XC/K7xg+fzPQfB8jf362hr5rHbd/3EbZxD4+94Dny3RHRiMBONiE4aZOBccGlb65bIsndesVpFPb3YO4Oqw8WuiQkAV2X1MCxY+vgsv8N28HoPzHzAfTUYz+dbfP1EZaLlZXsPc8HQn17X9rBuueD9okaGadr9DxS54ozHTZ3iGvoDe7fuKHJ1G8O99FXrvz36mG2dFTz31GkPW7dE1e0IlA3gT+7G/WooD+AK653T7/V7lTy5XDl11V1/Hyoj7SnP96jtF0+GQ0npOjslodc7pxQnE83MWAyUkaKZV/jLV/M8fvvhLZJ10PVcKBQdbN1Vko641+H8/XsDvk8Nn82Eq/kYiub7v7jPvPqOx/kbwjJ08Bg1/FpD7RrT3M8WuTMJcGV/wQsv+R3SgiFqCx572v2ayIjAMEg7oSxrwLaxYO7frVsij48b6/f1b+zcy52RoaFAdCBXd+hQZLgnls/A4bdat1wwJM3f0Gtk9eTFuYqC64yTkrimh2tfimxBnQ2B38ggRFYs6m4VZxgR6iZpdv+Lzzn4Js9n13WfNGRqYOgl4Ht/fPZsv8MQ8TwYPqYza7CumN87vr+3Xn9VfQ4sK3wmf8+D/VevIHURY4/muDPRzG1PO3bMM8svaj2Gyndd9J2EBzXGsD351kPC9mTCfnbKzOnWLQ+smxr2df9Z8Yl1q3j0/gWQyYeMR9/t+ZwO7WXCJM8MwWvWuSZ7MaEGqIaaYv7gO8TxApD5Y35nWDdQLxSQaTf1oRmqbcL7wv1mJp5dAX1z/3/3A9O8XgufR39G1KTTj8Xnx3Bd388PODcxlwHKOPh+p3gMsrk0DBPU2Umog2bu856d9axqh+qb7WvdywfLzt9+F7W7cGw2swf9Qb1G/ZlHDulvWwICy+nxabOsWyIvvfy6KndQEjjfQ81CwBDKktQBw/5LZ5XimDBv2lypf3bRTG9812NGemaAX/ya67zGH5w3+Z7DYd9265iB1i0XPJ+/czhzv/7dWk+dVHw+1MAEDL9FFiHgMyADGnWFe/XsrJ7D35B3IiobDKIR0UmF4rXaR8s+sz2x0kEZGHzjjVbLBQV8NZz04YTNDk40UNtCw1BKM0hUnNk5fQMGvvx1pLS4BM9wKwxJ8Ndxg4yMDHfHHyfMl5x5gWr7QlBEdxSP5ed7vTcMMdEdDiyfYLWwUPBYB7YwTGHnatdJW6j+u3Or+/VQmBfPZwffhznjJOqv+CpOh9OOE8/hFHxXZoetuEHKQHDCjbpbYHb+UqS6VIh1HfLNAF5AR5Lc6zCCA6G8T9/gnLl9+0J9HA1FsX07clrbiy6xWiL793sHQ79Z6Vk30TG1ew7AcK9BN3k66CuXuyb28CfU2TnRmdfLOdC+B50b3/pOcbGeoIMvbPOXdu9u3fLme4EABbv9QQeuQkLpZxvuc3l/FQDEcD/U50OtJfxGIBL7CXS2i6NSJU/wEBMm2K1XnXp0UXUnMazUt37Yhg1r3MsdRct13T9/sBwG33yLdct7ttv4wsPN2t83qnZapUqqTqadG7v38xom6QvPlVTgPdujqUKq52/FuTDguy76dpTb2gxrx7Zgvt9ObduoCxe+8Hx6fw//jY2zWiXXtpPnIpevixud4z6m4TiBWqYmfAf6WLZj8/9U0MSXue1ipkLTqlVfui8YXX5Fe1U6wh/cf9MAV91LsNsv6veK34GOZV+v+dZqiXTrG/gYiyCK/m6wHuNigC8E0HUQSz3m788XuWCI9bo4AWzYsPo39/JBcMZun4n7MamFHWy3qBEH+L46tHPVkrWD94mhi4DvfcnL9gGpQH7ZskFd3MH3gfOjkkDwT8MxwbcunQnfA7YPfBdYXv72V/guz6jhmtHbFy4EaXjPmKDEH3O/ridl0DCJDOp54mLImF7XuPfBv63+Xr2vwWNusx5JRCcKg2hEdFKpGaqs+h//3bJF9q7fptom1NzQQRmcrPlmUa1d5+lIBzrp09DR1yewCDh9t/UP1QYnM9GOZds/l5lh1OwS/4ExX2fUqydZp1k3/NCdgOSUFK/3ZnY4AgU1NJw8o4A24OT9j4Linajqqeeh1cWXBAxsAAKIsVmuDCq8nm+nyYlMNCeewynFyUQrLmQ06JnddOcP8JpY18Eu46KIpCOSZ2WXIDiQWKWyagdi1kTD61eoEPx/oGlT+yDI4XL+AxPozGA2NcBroXMeTKs2nk7wz5vXF8kA0ULNREOdRi2UfY8ZrAhUEw1CrVsXqGPvBB0ARH0jdIIRUMNv3MaEG8Vdf81OJLZ31E7EpA4I9psdVAR87AIE5j7fLohkwox32rqvPbWFvtn4u3oP0LB5y4CfBX+rWb+Bdaso1CMMtSZaaTLRTFjvq1e3D+yZMpr7v1Djy6wHWRLB3lNyPU9mKeo5IcDvC98F4Lj/y2ZPLUfADNU6eIPXatfRe7v78mvPZECYaToQvE8dsIvP2+u3rpTOxsVMr3bwnvZv3KvaeL4mF3vqvdrBrJ7a+h+9A4kaampicg1A9ljPmzwZTAiemFmEofriG8/6H2i/C1g+WMb+4JiiM1zxfYUSzDNr3pnbcHF8s/YnFQTEcayk+z7MGKv1HtzVatnDfg6BfGTa+dtHYL9Qr4n9+qHhPYfyOF94zflL3yiyD37kmXnqffkLjhNR2WIQjYhOKpwc6AkGcMJsZpVpXxgnxWZGAZhBA0hNDV5c1ewM7dv+h+TtXK/aECwTLTnNc1U7WCZaoCwQMxujcpz94xCE0IGM2NQ0Oa2C/RAwHRzBsBrzvZlDGZGF0fvqa9RMjfhtts3fa7/yXFVft+19qxUac+hVHSsYF0xLa7gC+A7ZcyQTzcrOCgcIcKLDppW2yLKpXI1E92dF5y/7qCv4jNdEcBWKk4mmi2ojOHB0n2c4mh2zQ4z1sTiZnXYqHvdfkN3MkKxZNc2rc26ndnwtd6cZE0ZkJntPhKCFmomGmf20QFlM2tkZja2WSE52gtXyz19nzZ9QH1dayJ7BsEEE1PDb3xDtUKCzjcLbGjriyK5BQfYLLrxQ7YNw4cQuQw3M/VMoQSQsI/29owOuh6Uia0m7pHkjq2UPGZPa3qOe4w4gyGxmom2P8c6AMgPKxcpE83kdE4rhYxKWUIQaHDOHnZZUsPdkHquydnkyZgHflRmQXv75SqvlgnIBOniTFl+hSCBl/ar/WC3XBZpAWjRv6N4vojg7ntuXzsZNrlxDZRv6g//beci1z8DzVc61z0jUzP3F91/+22p5w/vH7LSA9VYHfHHhcf4zT5Zo+N6OTa7MSwxfrlc+cNYhXt88VpmQca7hYobvOUTXnt28buMHM/Jq5r6zOH5e/bX6HSzobcfcryBAmJxYx7pVOqEOKy3J8FNAoEzvgx+dNVv99h0+SkQnDoNoRHTStTZm6TSvkgKykvQJJk54GjVqrtrariq5ql4T4O/BTgrBzD4pSE4t3BG6OlcQLBPNnKkxWCaaDn75syPT0zEKlGmADo0OZMDxnfbvzy4TTZ80A2qpYIZCDMXCb7Nt/tazuEF8dskDUKEENSFQkMuJLLJAgUp/zBNt3fl2CgKc6LBpgU6qzWBrKIEdrB97t7oeh85fSmVXFmHFiolyrJg1aLDu6SwMZCbadSBNZocYw0cT8uwDoHq7xaxoeYWdYTt2M4NuLexIHtrmmmHXDG4Xh78sGAg1E82sA1VcgWqiITgSzcaMHqEyKXy3LdT3wT4Is/1detnlakZic9ZeTWdVQqhBJB0sAf0/5jZlDrEPhe8MrggyB8xEK2lNND8zxep9faXapwc9DmmhLqdQs0cDSSjwfD++sP8zj1XJ1YtmOp3buJk7A8o3wGTWMcUFuCKBlLgYqxFcXmaue79YLTZZKtR1zcZo0vtACCVohX1RKMGdUPangMCJmcEKqN1X0mCM3mfhIl/C+d7P6495rDJt3+HJGMcFUN9zCJxrmLf1fVpJ9p07ftkhP6/5SbVDyar3x2v9K1/OdrhvcQQ6fwl0MaCkmHlGdPIxiEZEJx2upunhlTjRMk86fOtrXXKx9xAnFMA1+V799wcnwvqkB502k5M10czgl6+a6Z6TrkCZBggu6JN4BB2QaWTHvLpvDqszAwy6tgd+UGMjlHbNGiXvVPnWsCoJs8NZ0uer18iTAfTHH54r6HbMKebNzrcTVFaY9V1BoJNss+ZLKJMjIKisO/Lma6DDlVbXta0gmyHYuqvp2jkQUgfS6BCbgQ5/kFmpfhe+RlyOfaA0UAAUQQQwg9vBmN+n3XIItE2air1uWJ8ZAtVEizEmU4hGWB+RSbFw3iKZ/tgTaniSWb8LsJ6i+PeE2ycKhnuazOWeHVf8IPsmCTyUtiTyE+PdmWjYZxfJRHOoJhq49/W5x0PelrcFyCQ1M+hKmolW3gqEqwzYGPvuhbn/swukIFtR10zE8R+ZiRrq6Gl2dQNDhfIIFawgyu78LDm2tWgAzqxtarevNgOZoe6LQs0iw4VEPVRUM7Pzi0tvO9i+/GXe+TKPI6bEBM+5F4LhoZ5P6DZqGRbXqs1rVb0wXHgp6VBOfFeOX6Q4WDT4qpUkW46Iwh+DaEQUFsxZKBe/sdRqeReB7tn3+iJXX3FSqzvjaqhDUvChcfgfna3jW+/DzERLSAwcUAuWAWBewQ7EX6aBhuCCPonXn9OOOyun8CTZLsMGkyqghgZ+3lj2j5DadjN52inJ8MttRmDLN3vN7HCGmtnmywxGbdr2X6tlb9cuz2yGvoWrS8u8Eg6BTrLNYsVmRqGdmNx97g4XMsEwXEnTde7AHIpjx6xt1+w07wxQO2aHXneqg8GwokDZL3Y10epL4OGQ/iB4sm+XJ0Bqtw0H2iZNxRnerVjZd8HYdVyjDYIluIiCIaIrv/hcVix5Tw31NDPUsF/HcE9/BeYh1DqWO/Z4lr1ed8zg+pYNnmH9JeE7O2duFe91qCxqomE98Zc95U+gC0RmBl1JM9FyrUA4Pnug94QLPGYmmh3UA9OemumaYRPBNHWcL4Rjt79JcsxjeqALFOA77NLf+9avh+8MGb3+hBrINOlZFsFuOeD9Y0ZGPVRUQ3DZX4ZmKPR5DZZToMCqlpAXfD+LgFio5xO67TvRSigwWzicf1WPEgensP7pixTmcbhUUuyzH+3qbhJRZGMQjYjCAmZA0ie/Lz7/rCrUu+n7X9zp//ibv5pDOJGqV8UTWMHMU8HgRBiTGAA6Iaed5rmianY0so8W7ZyF2mnGyS+GioYi1PpLcPiw/w4j6vG4s3IOetdEu6i5Z+KCZR+/a7UCw7JHpzVYJ8SfZq1dRaFhzbfew3Pt6CnrwXeWq5IE5XxhmK9evxCwC/a5zCv95nBjJ5iZGBDovSDIoN836gAFq5+GTArd4ULmmdnRMAuwB5qZUjNr22U0r2+1AsNn0500dKpDyRJCNmig7Be7mmgoAq47nwiQhNKRLdi5Sw7lut4f6iLaTZYQ6jZp1jh764t3rJY9TGYQCsc6d2EKMzKaQQQNM6iiePeq1T/IM3Nf8wqmmcP4zMA2ZuoMBvsyHQxBFosugm6WBwjluzED8L7riJmJBuX3eWczFqcmmhnQC7QuYj3xlz3lT6jBxpJmopkCvSdc4MHQSc1uu0U9Lv39o7wAvsO3P/Lst8yZdk3mBACYPTeQ73/c7xVU9/e+9f430HeGfZF+rzj+2gV8Tb+v9HyWM5ufZbW8zV34orv+G55//KS/qjaghqCu7VccGY1c+3JsD1u2Bv5/fA5k6Pljno+hvlmowSJs9xiWWRIYqQBtW4c2SYY/DdKbqBqagGUQync15+nn1dDySeNu8/t4sy6vr5LUrSOi8McgGhGFjcuuuFT9xvCN9f9aK88snKduA06Y7a48mtkEn3/0gdWy99W/fnIPEUUnvGULzwxVxamJFiib54svvyoyVNRkzs4ZrP6SmdFmdyUc9XjMq/tmhk3L1p5hE/NffjnoyS6COpOffFRuGNJPFXj219kNxMz6Qsd0Z5BaXLiirju46CjoDq7mRE001H7RJ847Nv8vaABUFz1GB6ptm0tU2yl4bTNIEuyKut4u4B9vBQ6CmkHSNj6zFrZv4ZkV0RwSZWf1999ZrdBngMRn08FnZKKFWhMtELuaaBjKrScIwfrjb1ISXwge6u0SwXe72jKh1kTr0M1TXH/JS69aLf+wXpnB4kCzc0ZzTTQUGL/piiEyrnDfEqgDiyDKhEmTrVvew5nrtPV0ojHLX7DgsrldIItFQ3kAPfshMjgDvR/8zSyG7ruOmJloEKgmWtaBnQH3w2ZAL1gmWrCMaC3UUgVO1EQLBPsIMzAT6P33vt6ToY7v0JyNt2/7Lqrtq0tHz/drzp7rz5/b3pMj2a7AZyg10ezqkFXfV17Nng04twgl0/ell11ZVdDx8quslgcCZAvm/t26JdJ/zCB1sRFDIbXnn3w46AUhX+bFlA1rPRnX/ny1xnNs9kcHDnER45vt3hMC+TP7sekyvvBcrmu/LuI7RDsYPaQX3327v9jPkhsKMwhvBuftLJz7vMr+e+Odt/1m7wWqiYYLwkQUfRhEI6Kw0aNzT/dVX3R29TT2MGTwIKtVVJ/evdz/hyK2Zv0UXzjhnDLJMzNcZ2NWSAjW0TCvGNudoKNztPyzD61b/oVaMB4dGj2cE0GHQBML6OwmXAk3C7x37dLRfbKLE+IHXnpWte3g6j0CKOgMoK5VcYfNnXl+HXd9I2QSfvy2/eye6vu409NR9p19FZyoiYaAiz5xxucKlJG3fMUn8sd6VwakrsvjJHTUzEy0YAGAB6bcb7VEHpth32lCJx9BUs13m6l5Vk13BwzrAa6u28EVd915QgH4UIfOmJloECgTzayJFkigmmhmcelZMx4KGgR58603rVveATBfoWaimdkyWK8CLdNHHpzm1SENNDtnNNdEa5pRT2VL5icnec3W549Zv9DMOL68kme2zRWL35DPPv+navuD7/2NVxdZt7yHCSIoclEHV9AF72n+O55SAr4wa7DOCvInWE00Mxt2z/bdsvGAa/i9CfuCD5Zv9CrAHiwTLdAFAVP5TPvHOVETLVTYR5jHKrN+p69Wrdq4l9my119zX3xAthmyFv25onVb9/9gUoJA2VofLfvMakmpaqIh2+iyTp2tWyIzHp4WMLiF/YS+kIf36jvLIv538sRb3fsL1BKbMHi0at875nb3uo/znXkvzlftUGE22xqVXJ8JF1Pslg/OY1astM/yxDGh/WWXqzbe59znFqq2HWSfzZ79rHosPnvTpp6Ll6HQWe24GBbKhAiB3Hzv7VZL1DEh0HEDy0dPtJRWqZK0buApkeAWoCaab91eIooODKIRUdholdFMTVkPOLnb+qerk4Gi04E68fjbyCH9rVuiZnbz15nFydDAYQPcJ0QI9PgGGoLVRGt7Rhur5apLgtcxT5bxGrc/do98/ql9pw7ysl0n0BAo0wAdGn0lHEGHQEMDzEw03xnPpk572N2xWPLM4zLp3geLnOTjpBkBSBTy1ifvyATwzQwLJj2ruleNu6kPPqCuQPu+HpYVZhnTnQl8H4MG3qDaJidqosGgG4dZLVE1lnAl3Pc94fMjUIXADmp19bn6ar/rHv5XD++w64TYQUctN9vTcbTLbtDw+jr4hWV199R7ipz04z2Mu3O8+3tDXSl/7xsBBL0ePDHlHnnyTe+AM5YHvisdbEJnzexwBIMOsc5Ew3DOlNO9aw6ZdCZasJpodplogAAxOpga6ge9+2nR4Da+1543eYJm2KcgAGYn1Ew0QLaUXqYYiu4bxMcyxXpiBvAg0OycZpA12vTq0Ud954BgEbYlf9kayFB9vnBdBDze3H4zLm8nF17ZUbWxrSIQj+XuG5DGc2Cd0PsYbEe+33vXnn3c39+yN14vsk/HfvGxF59U+7FAgtVES2xxmlRJdm3ru3fulGfnPeu1HeM15z77pIy88UI5HuOZlMPfuqj3H1hPQq2JtjXN/tjhRE00U6DZOX1rotnV7wTUdNQZxDhu6/1bl9b2EwrgeGVmtSNby3cfjeWOjEgEoTRkf2JYpi8zEy3QechVvdu4g1sItuLY5vu6+I6xfs2e85R1j8iUoZ4hmoDHYB+v19n0wu/t6blzVRvw+cyLTc8WrjPFqY+G9f+S9hepNpbnzEfu9bt8cB6jh0/awTaptx08dviAW/0eD/H++t5ynXXLtR1i3x0qLBN9URUXMksbmML/4+KQhmPn2594T9aA18Q+Zdgwz3ED51F+z8EC1EQjoujEIBoRhQ1kymDKesDJnR52ZQ4/sDNmwh2qY6whK6VVi3NVoAOdNJwwD+/fzavG2uOzZxc5KQ5WE63/+OvdJ8qA17mqQ4fCjlg3adf2Mhk1dpgKrmEm0UDiEjzPESzrJZQr4WBe3ffNTsAJq64hg07nmwvmSutzznQvnwf+NlU69eqkApC6o4Kg1pjCvxcXTjIx7KR9O9cQFTwfrkBjOSGYgB/9feiTdHwfkybf6Teg5ERNNEDn44mnn7NuuQJp+j1hGeD7w+fXnZfe3XsUyRDQPnjvXfU9IzBiTkIQCmRi5MR5JokI9J1qA8aMltgsV4AAr9u1S5si6/bG9a4OOWZgtTmD9K4AAAokSURBVMvcRAfq6sLPDMgEeqJwu8Hn1t9L925d1XelobNWnA6Lb4f4v2vsZ6DUmWjBaqIFykQDdDB15iM6r+MGjFOfCcsGn0l/r3q9btD4zKBFrUPNRIP+/fq4lynWHbyWWqb3PqheH+uYDqDpDicEmp3THO4bbbAdjr5rjHXLtR3eeEU39/qMH+xPUfNJZykOv3m4VzAfw3DnzHzYvS/Wy73NxZe6v3c8x6jRI93ZY9h+zCw0DcXpdSAD64jep+M58Fy9b7lBnp76mOuYZHx/vuKzvDO6fGuioRZT24s8Q8OxHSOw26lTZ/VeL73scrXt4TO3bnul9ajCddFnptis48clqXJtV7twPQm1Jlpd6+JRMCXNRAt1dk7sI/SxKicnW/Iy/dc8BByfO1zuGb4I+A4atWtk3fLvkQn3u/cJCJRh/9j76mvU94n1DMsdxx48lw7oIvvT32yV5vE30BBcfL+YbVYPT8fz43wA361eJ7FeYf3S+yIEk1oPcmVzacgEx7oBCKZOnTGnyHmKOr5a5zuYrRJB5EDZVL4wMy6OE4DjBpaPfp8jJ06Wvv2vVO8h0PoO2CafesIzHPKTlR96fWacV6A9elB/93aIoCCy6YpDlUAoPK+BZk08F01K4/a77nSvI1gGE4YMUu9Vb/f/16uX2qdg+QKWt13gL1BNNCKKTgyiEVFY8R1ihROucxuHlvaPE2dcXdQnfuhY4UQQnTSc0OrsIpw84sTPrIWmhVJ8+eGZz6j3peF1EJzDSSJOjvH8U6c8FPAEdEem56SrOFkvdjXRQHe8MSujvzozKNhtznyH5aGXz4KX5rsz9PC+sRwxW16wLKlAnnvpGbl24FCv7wPBBPzo7wP092F7gupATTQNr2EuA/2esAz0Sb7+/Oho2NEn9CXhG+AMlN2gdWnVQma9/Hf3Sb/53RVZlnfPCPic6DygQ6C/F3xu/b0gQwawfFDEGp214jA/GzrVZzS3z7bS0OnMCzCTp93snBo+67OznlWfXX2muBj1mbBs8Jl8v9eFCwMPO4LibJOAdQXLVA+TUst0wVz1+ljH8Nr4uw62walaEw2GXt7Pa9+AfY9en/FjXuzAdzbqtnHqti9MQGCuy1jW+nvHcyBAi78hWPHVul9ssw9xcWTElAl+9ws6OI2LAub35yuncBMMVBMNsO2519NCOF7g+fFe0cbrj31sunRo55nwwHem2MPZ2RJ3xHX6jmBUoJpipkCZaKaSZqKFOjunCohYx6r4+ASJSw+8fbdu08lquSAzrXWtwOcEuJCD45fO4MX+EcE0fJ9Yz7CsEVTFhaW6p7sm5LHL/tQBL1zMKVcjcEBfBZXeX6EC9YD/xXer10msV4DvGes1Zqk0L1IgEIZMcG3oTUNs11kM89fHAzxvKLW9TO+99a5apxGow/LR7/OjJa+rOnFYR8eMHOW+eGMH7w8Xp/R7MT8zzivQxvPrc68Xpk/3CoiHAkOp8RnxHBiu6wR93MA6ordHvFe93evjhv6uzLIKvgLVRAvlIhkRRZ64ewtZbSKik67BGbXlSM5xOff8CySjdh3p0buvXNEptNkR46skSYerOsmZjc+VWqfXkJjCE6PYgsITxJhYqVa9hnS4vL0MHnazjB01Rpo2/Yv1X95SKiXKvszdcsnlV8i5rc7zW1Ad7/GS89pKzYy6kluugnqNhMKTuyYXXCQDBvSUyROnSL2GdeVw1mHJOKe5NMnIUO/LhCQ7vEd8xgsuvkQa2RTKzTuYK4mF76nZ2edI8+YZ0vScc6V8+aKdjrxdRyWxSiU5Lb26tO3QSc4++yypWLFoAOzSSy+Wtue3U++9YlolOZadq5ZPSlJFqdP4DLnmmj4ydNRg6dXz//z+f3FdcsF5he+5dZHvo3a9DLmg8PsYNepGue2G2+SsVv6/D4jNz5aU0zLUcrzi4isk/bRq1l9KBsvgjIYtpFGthrIvb58kVEhS7ynjzAbS7sI2MvzWETIySAbe8fwYOadZc/X9dbmiS7HeEx6LdQPr+NlNm6r3EwqsI5ddcJk0POcsOXS8cDka6/YFbS+WgQOHyW3jJsjpf3F1Zuzge+3epavaTtIL15mjhR3/mIJYqVjYodXrwE0DR8h1fa+2/iN0B5KOS0JBBbVszmxyllzU8lLb9ejY0Ry1/Bqcf7G0b36B/TIs/KxJ5StI69YXSvNzL1Hbny/8b8f2naRhg79ISmKSJMTHy9GcHO/1evAo6dXb//BcOHAwS5LSa6r1LNA2aQfLtG6jcyQ+Nl/yE2LlePZx93czZsQYmTB2jEi5VPV37F+aNLm4yGfZtvkPaXLhJdL6yg7S9iL74ab6cf72LSa9nmE5B3rciab21Ze1Vetgg4xqcjwhRY4fOijlC9fBhIREOaf1xdK1Sxf1nd0yYrC6MGCnXZMLpUnLplK7sBN/+PgRv9vzsEEDggarL2rZ2rVvrFJH7Rfw/WH9wX79luG3yLBbh0rFyrUkPi3V7zqi1vP8cpJWKUUuvvRSad65laRV9A5w4TH9r+snaVWqqscdPFL4fguPHVhH2111tdw7ZLB079Zd9hT2u+1eJ7lCBdmRfUTOqFVLzrvoYjm3ZUvbbezI0WNy2l/OVM/Tu3s328fJ9hhpeO6Zaj1pV7jsS7KPxT4Rr3Xxea0CbvdSPkaSC48FOFZd0u5y22OVhm1kzgsvSkGuK0g3aMD10raLfTDT1KnFpXJW61aSG5unjnVY1lUKX7fDNb1l9IS7ZMBNfdzL6LzC5XjpZZd4vRccfytWTVXLpXW7S6XJmY38Hn9Nfzmtplx1VWdp1ORsKagQU7gulpP8vDy1Lzitfm256aahMu66vtJ/ZNH6n9+u/kFOq1VTvR6278F9bpQq1f2XMMD7rF2nifs8AoH/xo0bu99/KPuI7td0kzOaFq4/sXFqXdTHE5wrjR77V3UMOFguQc4o/CyBngfrZ7fC9bZu/QZqvdb7P2zLejscMXqM3Dp+fOFzFS+ABl9++ZWs+/lnqd+4voyd4MliLS2s572vuVrOKHzfOMbgfeNYmJScLHX+kuHaf4y6Q+2DfNdRrBs5SYlqubS+8FJp1tR/nTb837b9h9XjLu94VcBJekLdrxPRyRdTUMhqExERERERhQVkZ3Xv5SnV8PvmTVaLiIjo5OBwTiIiIiIiCjvmTMoYuktERHSyMYhGRERERERhZWPmOjWJC6Bu1egevVSbiIjoZOJwTiIiIiIiOuleWbRYqlevp2YJffr52arYO6AA/Lx5z6mZWYmIiE4mBtGIiIiIiOika3ZmbTU7pK9n5r5mO1MlERHRicThnEREREREdNI1ae09KyGGcTKARkRE4YSZaEREREREdNJhNk5MJrB3+3ap16ix9OndS9LTq1p/JSIiOvkYRCMiIiIiIiIiIgqCwzmJiIiIiIiIiIiCYBCNiIiIiIiIiIgoCAbRiIiIiIiIiIiIAhL5f8my/egxr14GAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" width="579" height="358"></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">S-shaped curve from ~7 to between 12 and 14 <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">equivalence point at 5 cm<sup>3</sup> <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note: </strong>Accept starting point >6~7.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>As expected, many candidates were able to distinguish between strong and weak acids; some candidates referred to “dissolve” rather than dissociate.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>More than half the candidates were able to deduce that carbonate was the conjugate base but a significant proportion of those that did, wrote the carbonate ion with an incorrect charge.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Many students gave generic responses referring to a correct shift without conveying the idea of compensation or restoration of pressure or moles of gas. This generic reply reflects the difficulty in applying a theoretical concept to the practical situation described in the question.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates calculated the pH of the aqueous CO<sub>2</sub>. Some candidates attempted to use the Henderson-Hasselback equation and others used the quadratic expression to calculate [H<sup>+</sup>] (these two options were very common in the Spanish scripts) getting incorrect solutions. These answers usually ended in pH of approx. 1 which candidates should realize cannot be correct for soda water.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This was an easy question, especially the identification of the type of bond between H and O, yet some candidates interpreted that the question referred to intermolecular bonding.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>A significant number of candidates omitted the “equilibrium” involved in the dissolution of a weak base.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This is another stoichiometry question that most candidates were able to solve well, with occasional errors when calculating <em>M</em><sub>r</sub> of hydrogen carbonate.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mixed responses, more attention should be given to this simple calculation which is straightforward and should be easy as required for IA reports.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>This was a good way to test this topic because answers showed that, while candidates usually knew the topic in theory, they could not apply this to identify the Lewis and Bronsted-Lowry bases in the context of a reaction that was given to them. In some cases, they failed to specify the base, OH<sup>-</sup> or also lost marks referring just to electrons, an electron or H instead of hydrogen ions or H<sup>+</sup> for example.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most students that got 1mark for this titration curve was for the general shape, because few realized they had the data to calculate the equivalence point. There were also some difficulties in establishing the starting point even if it was specified in the stem.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">This question is about sodium and its compounds.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The Born-Haber cycle for sodium oxide is shown (not to scale).</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="images/3d.PNG" alt width="391" height="427"></span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Sodium peroxide is used in diving apparatus to produce oxygen from carbon dioxide.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2Na<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (s) + 2CO<sub>2</sub> (g) → 2Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> (s) + O<sub>2</sub> (g)</span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Plot the relative values of the first four ionization energies of sodium.</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"> </span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline why the alkali metals (group 1) have similar chemical properties.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Describe the structure and bonding in solid sodium oxide.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Calculate values for the following changes using section 8 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>ΔH<sub>atomisation</sub> (Na) = 107 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup><br>ΔH<sub>atomisation</sub> (O) = 249 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{1}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></span>O<sub>2</sub>(g) <span style="background-color: #ffffff;">→ </span>O<sup>2- </sup>(g):</p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Na (s) → Na<sup>+</sup> (g):</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The standard enthalpy of formation of sodium oxide is −414 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>. Determine the lattice enthalpy of sodium oxide, in kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, using section 8 of the data booklet and your answers to (d)(i).</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>(If you did not get answers to (d)(i), use +850 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> and +600 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> respectively, but these are not the correct answers.)</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Justify why K<sub>2</sub>O has a lower lattice enthalpy (absolute value) than Na<sub>2</sub>O.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Write equations for the separate reactions of solid sodium oxide and solid phosphorus(V) oxide with excess water and differentiate between the solutions formed.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Sodium oxide, Na<sub>2</sub>O:</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Phosphorus(V) oxide, P<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub>:</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Differentiation:</span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Sodium peroxide, Na<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, is formed by the reaction of sodium oxide with oxygen.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2Na<sub>2</sub>O (s) + O<sub>2</sub> (g) → 2Na<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (s)</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Calculate the percentage yield of sodium peroxide if 5.00g of sodium oxide produces 5.50g of sodium peroxide.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Determine the enthalpy change, <em>ΔH</em>, in kJ, for this reaction using data from the table and section 12 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<p style="padding-left:90px;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline why bond enthalpy values are not valid in calculations such as that in (g)(i).</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">An allotrope of molecular oxygen is ozone. Compare, giving a reason, the bond enthalpies of the O to O bonds in O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub>.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline why a real gas differs from ideal behaviour at low temperature and high pressure.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The reaction of sodium peroxide with excess water produces hydrogen peroxide and one other sodium compound. Suggest the formula of this compound.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">j.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the oxidation number of carbon in sodium carbonate, Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">k.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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" width="392" height="260"> <strong>[<span style="background-color: #ffffff;">✔</span>]</strong></p>
<p><em>Notes: Accept curve showing general trend.</em><br><em>Award mark only if the energy difference between the first two points is larger than that between points 2/3 and 3/4.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">same number of electrons in outer shell</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">all are s<sup>1</sup> <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[</span>✔<span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">]</span></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«3-D/giant» regularly repeating arrangement «of ions»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>lattice «of ions» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>electrostatic attraction between Na<sup>+</sup> and O<sup>2−</sup> ions <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>Note: </strong>Do <strong>not</strong> accept “ionic” without description.</em></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{1}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></span>O<sub>2</sub>(g) <span style="background-color: #ffffff;">→ </span>O<sup>2- </sup>(g)</p>
<p style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«ΔH<sub>atomisation</sub> (O) + 1st EA + 2nd EA = 249 k Jmol<sup>−1</sup> − 141 kJmol<sup>−1</sup> + 753 kJmol<sup>−1</sup> =» «+»861 «kJmol<sup>−1</sup>» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"> </p>
<p style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Na (s) → Na<sup>+</sup> (g)</span></p>
<p style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«ΔH<sub>atomisation</sub> (Na) + 1st IE = 107 kJmol<sup>−1</sup> + 496 kJmol<sup>−1</sup> =» «+»603 «kJmol<sup>−1</sup>» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">lattice enthalpy = 861 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» + 2 × 603 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» −(−414 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>») <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«= +» 2481 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;">Note: </span><span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-variant: normal;text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;">Award [2] for correct final answer.</span></span></em></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14px;"><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-variant: normal;text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;">If given values are used:<br>M1: lattice enthalpy = 850 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» +<br>2 <span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;">×</span> 600 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» −(−414 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>»)<br>M2: «= +» 2464 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>»</span></span></em></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">K<sup>+</sup> ion is larger than Na<sup>+</sup></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">smaller attractive force because of greater distance between ion «centres» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Sodium oxide:</em><br>Na<sub>2</sub>O(s) + H<sub>2</sub>O(l) → 2NaOH (aq) <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Phosphorus(V) oxide:</em><br>P<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub> (s) + 6H<sub>2</sub>O(l) → 4H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> (aq) <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Differentiation</em>:<br>NaOH/product of Na<sub>2</sub>O is alkaline/basic/pH > 7 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/product of P<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub> is acidic/pH < 7 <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">n(Na<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) theoretical yield «= <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{5.00{\text{g}}}}{{61.98{\text{g mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>5.00</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>61.98</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext>g mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span>» = 0.0807/8.07 × 10<sup>−2</sup> «mol»</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">mass of Na<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> theoretical yield «= <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;"><span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{5.00{\text{g}}}}{{61.98{\text{g mo}}{{\text{l}}^{ - 1}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>5.00</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>61.98</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext>g mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></span> × 77.98 gmol<sup>−1</sup>» = 6.291 «g» </span><strong> [✔]</strong></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">% yield «= <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{5.50{\text{g}}}}{{6.291{\text{g}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>5.50</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>6.291</mn>
<mrow>
<mtext>g</mtext>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> × 100» <em><strong>OR</strong> </em>« <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{0.0705}}{{0.0807}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>0.0705</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>0.0807</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">×</span> 100» = 87.4 «%» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Award [2] for correct final answer.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>∑Δ</em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>H<sub>f</sub></em> products = 2 × (−1130.7) / −2261.4 «kJ» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: italic;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">∑Δ</em><em>H<sub>f</sub></em> reactants = 2 <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">×</span> (−510.9) + 2 <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">×</span> (−393.5) / −1808.8 «kJ» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: italic;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Δ</em><em>H</em> = «<em>∑</em><em style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: italic;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Δ</em><em style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: italic;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">H<sub>f</sub></em> products − <em style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: italic;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">∑Δ</em><em style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: italic;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">H<sub>f</sub></em> reactants = −2261.4 −(−1808.8) =» −452.6 «kJ» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Award<strong> [3]</strong> for correct final answer. </span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Award <strong>[2 max]</strong> for “+ 452.6 «kJ»”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">only valid for covalent bonds</span></p>
<p><em><strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">OR</span></strong></em></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">only valid in gaseous state <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">bond in O<sub>3</sub> has lower enthalpy <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>bond order is 1.5 «not 2» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Accept “bond in ozone is longer”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Any one of:</em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">finite volume of particles «requires adjustment to volume of gas» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">short-range attractive forces «overcomes low kinetic energy» <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NaOH <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">j.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">IV <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">k.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Generally well done with a correct plot of ionization energies.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The majority answered correctly stating same number of valence electrons as the reason. Some candidates stated same size or similar ionization energy but the majority scored well.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Many candidates lost one or two marks for missing “electrostatic forces” between “oppositely charged ions”, or “lattice”. Some candidates’ answers referred to covalent bonds and shapes of molecules.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Good performance with typical error being in the calculation for the first equation, ½O2 (g) → O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> (g), where the value for the first electron affinity of oxygen was left out.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Many candidates earned some credit for ECF based on (d)(i).</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Average performance with answers using atomic size rather than ionic size or making reference to electronegativities of K and Na.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>An average of 1.1 out of 3 earned here. Many candidates could write a balanced equation for the reaction of sodium oxide with water but not phosphorus(V) oxide. Mediocre performance in identifying the acid/base nature of the solutions formed.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The majority earned one or two marks in finding a % yield.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The average was 2.2 out 3 for this question on enthalpy of formation. Enthalpy calculations were generally well done.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">g(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The majority of candidates referred to “bond enthalpy values are average”, rather than not valid for solids or only used for gases.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">g(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Some candidates recognized that ozone had a resonance structure but then only compared bond length between ozone and oxygen rather than bond enthalpy.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">h.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Few candidates could distinguish the cause for difference in behaviour between real and ideal gases at low temperature or high pressure. Many answers were based on increase in number of collisions or faster rate or movement of gas particles.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Na<sub>2</sub>O was a common formula in many candidates’ answers for the product of the reaction of sodium peroxide with water.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">j.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>The vast majority of candidates could correctly state the oxidation number of carbon in sodium carbonate.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">k.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Nitric acid is usually produced by the oxidation of ammonia.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>A mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid can be used to convert benzene to nitrobenzene, C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NO<sub>2</sub>.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw arrows in the boxes to represent the electron configuration of a nitrogen atom.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce a Lewis (electron dot) structure of the nitric acid molecule, HNO<sub>3</sub>, that obeys the octet rule, showing any non-zero formal charges on the atoms.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain the relative lengths of the three bonds between N and O in nitric acid.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State a technique used to determine the length of the bonds between N and O in solid HNO<sub>3</sub>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write an equation for the reaction between the acids to produce the electrophile, NO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw the structural formula of the carbocation intermediate produced when this electrophile attacks benzene.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the number of signals that you would expect in the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum of nitrobenzene and the relative areas of these.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p><em><br>Accept <strong>all</strong> 2p electrons pointing downwards.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept half arrows instead of full arrows.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="188" height="139"></p>
<p>bonds and non-bonding pairs correct ✔</p>
<p>formal charges correct ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept dots, crosses or lines to represent electron pairs.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept resonance structures with delocalised bonds/electrons.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept + and – sign respectively.</em></p>
<p><em>Do not accept a bond between nitrogen and hydrogen.</em></p>
<p><em>For an incorrect Lewis structure, allow ECF for non-zero formal charges.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any three of:</em></p>
<p>two N-O same length/order ✔<br>delocalization/resonance ✔</p>
<p>N-OH longer «than N-O»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>N-OH bond order 1 <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>N-O bond order 1½ ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[2 max]</strong> if bond strength, rather than bond length discussed.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept N-O between single and double bond <strong>AND</strong> N-OH single bond.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>X-ray crystallography ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>HNO<sub>3</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>⇌</mo></math> NO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> + H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup> + 2HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “HNO<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>⇌</mo></math> NO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>O + HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>”.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “HNO<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>⇌</mo></math> H<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup> + HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>” <strong>AND</strong> “H<sub>2</sub>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>⇌</mo></math> NO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>O”.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept single arrows instead of equilibrium signs.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="243" height="200"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept any of the five structures.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept structures missing the positive charge.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Number of signals</em>: three/3 ✔</p>
<p><em>Relative areas</em>: 2 : 2 : 1 ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Drawing arrows in the boxes to represent the electron configuration of a nitrogen atom was done extremely well.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Drawing the Lewis structure of HNO<sub>3</sub> was performed extremely poorly with structures that included H bonded to N, no double bond or a combination of single, double and even a triple bond or incorrect structures with dotted lines to reflect resonance. Many did not calculate non-zero formal charges.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Poorly done; some explained relative bond strengths between N and O in HNO<sub>3</sub>, not relative lengths; others included generic answers such as triple bond is shortest, double bond is longer, single longest.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>A majority could not state the technique to determine length of bonds; answers included NMR, IR, and such instead of X-ray crystallography.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Many had difficulties writing the balanced equation(s) for the formation of the nitronium ion.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Again, many had difficulty drawing the structural formula of the carbocation intermediate produced in the reaction.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Deducing the number of signals in the 1H NMR spectrum of nitrobenzene, which depend on the number of different hydrogen environments, was done poorly. Also, instead of relative areas, the common answer included chemical shift (ppm) values.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Butanoic acid, CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH, is a weak acid and ethylamine, CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>, is a weak base.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the equation for the reaction of each substance with water.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAxIAAAD/CAYAAABl9uAKAAAgAElEQVR4Ae3dAYxc9X0n8O+sI0IT40QR7bEDaRCybBLVUXI4jpRwF2PndsOd6HFOa59SfEttpa4uRE59hA0mNNJB0phYRJRAQpG3UAMXnLKCQzlqO6xMGxLh2ig5o4u98kXJndnldBTRZZUDq545ze6OPXbGG3vXfsFvPpasmXnz3vu/3+c3O/u+O/+ZqdTr9Xr8I0CAAAECBAgQIECAwGkIdJ3GulYlQIAAAQIECBAgQIDAhMBbmg6VSqV51SUBAgQIECBAgAABAgTaCjQnNB0NEo0FjTDRvKPtVhYSIECAAAECBAgQINCRAidmBVObOvJhoGgCBAgQIECAAAECsxMQJGbnZ2sCBAgQIECAAAECHSkgSHRk2xVNgAABAgQIECBAYHYCgsTs/GxNgAABAgQIECBAoCMFBImObLuiCRAgQIAAAQIECMxOQJCYnZ+tCRAgQIAAAQIECHSkgCDRkW1XNAECBAgQIECAAIHZCQgSs/OzNQECBAgQIECAAIGOFBAkOrLtiiZAgAABAgQIECAwOwFBYnZ+tiZAgAABAgQIECDQkQKCREe2XdEECBAgQIAAAQIEZicgSMzOz9YECBAgQIAAAQIEOlJAkOjItiuaAAECBAgQIECAwOwEBInZ+dmaAAECBAgQIECAQEcKCBId2XZFEyBAgAABAgQIEJidgCAxOz9bEyBAgAABAgQIEOhIAUGiI9uuaAIECBAgQIAAAQKzExAkZudnawIECBAgQIAAAQIdKSBIdGTbFU2AAAECBAgQIEBgdgLndpCo7c9AbzWVSuWX/1/Vn4Gh4Yyfts9Yhnf+eTY+uD+10972TGzweoYHVqZS3ZihsV/PERytYsq32j+UsaMLT7zycob6F6fSO5DhX/PhnnhkbhMgQIAAAQIECJw9gXM7SDRderbkwJF66vXm/zcysum388x1n8z6wZ+fXiAY25MtfV/N3iPNnRd9eX4WrNmW+shXsmzer7k9XZdnzfaRjGxalnlFMxiPAAECBAgQIEDgTS3waz5TPVs256V7yar0rX5rBu57Ogf9pfxsQdsvAQIECBAgQIBAhwqUNEgc62b3By7NRRNVTk3BOXHK0NhQ+quVTEzfaVy/fHnuGB3NjrXvzZyj6x7O6N7BbO5bdGwK1XFTp2oZG9qYamVl7h/alQf7e6fWW5S+zdszPN6aZMYyPDSQ/quaU7J60z8w1LJOu6lNjfG3Htum2pfNO3/FtK3aaPYObk5ftTntq5qr+gcyNHz8JKXa6O6TH2+bqU210b0Z3NyX6sR0skZ9/zXPv/TGMfBMHX9lZQaGX29Z7ioBAgQIECBAgECZBEoaJA5ndPejefjlP8zjn7vy1KflzFuWTfufzk3d3enZ8pMcmZhelIzvvSefuuaJzPnMjhyZmD71RkZufVu2Lt+Qb+19teXx8J380W07csHa70xMszoycmcu/u5nsu5be6beqzGW/QN/kqXXPZOLNu2d2NeRkT/NRc+sz8Jr7sre4wJHc7eH8+Lghlyx+KHks0N5rX4krw0ty76+6aZtvZq9d3461zzxG/nM3jcmp3wd+fvcOufRLF+35eg4tRcH8+krrs0DWZcDrx1J/bX/ko/tuzFL1z+eF1uzT/NQxnfnzk+tyt3/999mV2P9+rO55bKD+e5fvdBcI8nU1Kz6tqxZcH7LclcJECBAgAABAgTKJFCOILFjbRbOaf7lvXH51lQ/fEMGfvpiDr0227+Kv5Ld2x7OgdV9WbukO5Ng56V76aqs7tmfnT9+qeU9GFfkpls3ZMWCyXcUdHV/MB9f8s7s2vlCRhon5mN78pdf3J2rv/Gfs35qX13dH82f3H1XbjrwtWzcNtyyr6mHWe2n2X7fYHJTf25ZcXnmpitzL/8300/bGns+2+58Kav7VmVJ93mTO+q6OEuvX5WeXT/Mj0cOJ3k9B7d/OwO5Prfecm0WzO1K5r4vv9d3TTLw7Ww/eKJbLWO7H8+dB1YeWz/zsmDFhtx60xVl+plQCwECBAgQIECAwCkIvOUU1nnzr9J4s/VTa7LgaCyqZXz48dy27oZ8ct1vZs+T63PF3JmWcWGWbdqTkTSmJD2R773aeBf2P+S5u7+UO3YlPaum2+/cXLLwsmTrwRwa/6dctOd72Tr63tz+O/9sKpBMbTu3moWLkq0HRjKeS4/bYe3gD/LojmTRqmqOlTB5TPXj1my50XhlZWRPMj6cocG/zcRrJq8+l7vX3pFd+f1MHHLtZ/n+o99PFn0ilzRCxMS/rsxb9pWMNHd83KsSr2TP9h0ZXfQfW9ZvbDRV44+mduGCAAECBAgQIECgIwSaZ5AlK7Yrcxf866xdfWWy6+Fs2/3KLOqrZXz/g+mrviMLl9+b515tnF3/Vnq/OZgtPcm+iZP/U9n94bz0s4MZnWbV0R/9LC8dd/I+zcrT3tWYQrU21QsWZvndz00GiXdenW/u+Yv05Kc5cOj0PxQ3tZfzsx+NTDuqOwkQIECAAAECBDpHoByvSLTt13m56NL56c5P2957ygtrw9m2/ubsvPqxHLp/RS5uRq/GG7P3jSYfONU9NY/n4Ek3aL4x/KWTrnFqd9SG/zrr1+7O1Y/9LPeveM/Uqx+NN4TvyL6cxiG3Dtd1YS79QDXxykOriusECBAgQIAAgY4VaJ4WlxBg6hWA7p70Ln7XsSk4p1vp+EgO7EsWffR96W7Rqr32al4+rX11Zd7ij2d190/y7Av/5/j3QjTHWNg6fWly513zP5JVv/TKx3SfjFTL+KGD2Zf35qPHTaH6p7z2assnNnVdmitXXZnsa0y7OvYySG14IL2VanoHTvxCvndlcW9Puk9YPxnPoQOzDGun5WhlAgQIECBAgACBN4NAy6nxm+FwztQxNN4j8d+yZevzWbrh2iyZ+GK38zP/yk+kZ/TJPPjX/2PyU5TG92fwy5tyR+t8o4n3K7xt8kB+MZ7xue9P7+pqdmx9NLtGG29STmqjz+aujV/KQOt2p3Lo8xbnD29fkqdu+NPctXt0MkyMv5CBz67PHQs/n6+sXHD8eyca++y6LFf3r8vCOzblq0MvTmxTG/27PNCo7Ws3ZuUvfTJSM7B8P1sf+LuMTmSExqdY3Z+NN9zTMrXq/My/+tO5eeG23PbVpyfXq72YXQ88mh1L2x1LV+YtXZdvXP1krvvs1uyfCB9jGR68M7fdsfdUqrcOAQIECBAgQIBAiQTKESR+6VOb5uSCdc9l4ecezSMblhx9k3LXgt/L3TvWJF9clAsa34NwzV/mtU/emL/o6T7W0okT99U53PgeibevybaDc7P0c/fmgSU/yPLqWye+H+KSL/ww7+67N4+d9qcVzcvla76eXQ99LC/1X5E5jWO44D/lwMfuyoGJN4S3a8d56V52cx7Zc12O3PahiW3mVDfnyPWPHFfbsQKSzLsyn3tyU5b8sC/ViU+zuiJf+NsL0/f4d3JTa6nd/yq3P/JIrj+yeXK9OR/KbUeuy55HPpMrjr4Bu2XPXe/Jirsey4OLhrLsgjmpVC7Puufem89+7dqWlaZ7taRlNVcJECBAgAABAgTOaYFKvV5vfkbPxElyy81zujAHT4AAAQIECBAgQIDAmROoVCoT30/W3GO7P4E373NJgAABAgQIECBAgACBtgKCRFsWCwkQIECAAAECBAgQmE5AkJhOx30ECBAgQIAAAQIECLQVECTaslhIgAABAgQIECBAgMB0AoLEdDruI0CAAAECBAgQIECgrYAg0ZbFQgIECBAgQIAAAQIEphMQJKbTcR8BAgQIECBAgAABAm0FBIm2LBYSIECAAAECBAgQIDCdgCAxnY77CBAgQIAAAQIECBBoKyBItGWxkAABAgQIECBAgACB6QQEiel03EeAAAECBAgQIECAQFsBQaIti4UECBAgQIAAAQIECEwnIEhMp+M+AgQIECBAgAABAgTaCggSbVksJECAAAECBAgQIEBgOgFBYjod9xEgQIAAAQIECBAg0FZAkGjLYiEBAgQIECBAgAABAtMJCBLT6biPAAECBAgQIECAAIG2AoJEWxYLCRAgQIAAAQIECBCYTkCQmE7HfQQIECBAgAABAgQItBUQJNqyWEiAAAECBAgQIECAwHQCgsR0Ou4jQIAAAQIECBAgQKCtgCDRlsVCAgQIECBAgAABAgSmExAkptNxHwECBAgQIECAAAECbQUEibYsFhIgQIAAAQIECBAgMJ2AIDGdjvsIECBAgAABAgQIEGgrIEi0ZbGQAAECBAgQIECAAIHpBASJ6XTcR4AAAQIECBAgQIBAWwFBoi2LhQQIECBAgAABAgQITCcgSEyn4z4CBAgQIECAAAECBNoKlCpI1IYH0luppNo/lLG25Sap7c9AbzWV6sYMjdVOstbrGR5YmUplcfqHXj7JOknZx2PVaL3HQkOh7I919b1Znxs99iZ+Afm95bl46kzEc1UnPFdNNfscuajU6/V681grlUpabjYXuyRAgAABAgQIECBAoMMFTswKpXpFosN7q3wCBAgQIECAAAEChQkIEoVRG4gAAQIECBAgQIBAeQQEifL0UiUECBAgQIAAAQIEChMQJAqjNhABAgQIECBAgACB8ggIEuXppUoIECBAgAABAgQIFCYgSBRGbSACBAgQIECAAAEC5REQJMrTS5UQIECAAAECBAgQKExAkCiM2kAECBAgQIAAAQIEyiMgSJSnlyohQIAAAQIECBAgUJiAIFEYtYEIECBAgAABAgQIlEdAkChPL1VCgAABAgQIECBAoDABQaIwagMRIECAAAECBAgQKI+AIFGeXqqEAAECBAgQIECAQGECgkRh1AYiQIAAAQIECBAgUB4BQaI8vVQJAQIECBAgQIAAgcIEBInCqA1EgAABAgQIECBAoDwCgkR5eqkSAgQIECBAgAABAoUJCBKFURuIAAECBAgQIECAQHkEBIny9FIlBAgQIECAAAECBAoTECQKozYQAQIECBAgQIAAgfIICBLl6aVKCBAgQIAAAQIECBQmIEgURm0gAgQIECBAgAABAuURECTK00uVECBAgAABAgQIEChMQJAojNpABAgQIECAAAECBMojIEiUp5cqIUCAAAECBAgQIFCYgCBRGLWBCBAgQIAAAQIECJRHQJAoTy9VQoAAAQIECBAgQKAwAUGiMGoDESBAgAABAgQIECiPgCBRnl6qhAABAgQIECBAgEBhAqUKErXhgfRWKqn2D2XsZIS1/RnoraZS3ZihsdpJ1no9wwMrU6ksTv/QyydZJyn7eGGVxGOh8QNQ9se6+hpNfjM+N3rsTfwCelP2xnOj58ap0yOPz8kf0zN2Djrleo5cVOr1er15rJVKJS03m4tdEiBAgAABAgQIECDQ4QInZoVSvSLR4b1VPgECBAgQIECAAIHCBASJwqgNRIAAAQIECBAgQKA8AoJEeXqpEgIECBAgQIAAAQKFCQgShVEbiAABAgQIECBAgEB5BASJ8vRSJQQIECBAgAABAgQKExAkCqM2EAECBAgQIECAAIHyCAgS5emlSggQIECAAAECBAgUJiBIFEZtIAIECBAgQIAAAQLlERAkytNLlRAgQIAAAQIECBAoTECQKIzaQAQIECBAgAABAgTKIyBIlKeXKiFAgAABAgQIECBQmIAgURi1gQgQIECAAAECBAiUR0CQKE8vVUKAAAECBAgQIECgMAFBojBqAxEgQIAAAQIECBAoj4AgUZ5eqoQAAQIECBAgQIBAYQKCRGHUBiJAgAABAgQIECBQHgFBojy9VAkBAgQIECBAgACBwgQEicKoDUSAAAECBAgQIECgPAKCRHl6qRICBAgQIECAAAEChQkIEoVRG4gAAQIECBAgQIBAeQQEifL0UiUECBAgQIAAAQIEChMQJAqjNhABAgQIECBAgACB8ggIEuXppUoIECBAgAABAgQIFCYgSBRGbSACBAgQIECAAAEC5REQJMrTS5UQIECAAAECBAgQKExAkCiM2kAECBAgQIAAAQIEyiMgSJSnlyohQIAAAQIECBAgUJiAIFEYtYEIECBAgAABAgQIlEdAkChPL1VCgAABAgQIECBAoDABQaIwagMRIECAAAECBAgQKI+AIFGeXqqEAAECBAgQIECAQGECgkRh1AYiQIAAAQIECBAgUB4BQaI8vVQJAQIECBAgQIAAgcIEBInCqA1EgAABAgQIECBAoDwCgkR5eqkSAgQIECBAgAABAoUJCBKFURuIAAECBAgQIECAQHkEBIny9FIlBAgQIECAAAECBAoTECQKozYQAQIECBAgQIAAgfIICBLl6aVKCBAgQIAAAQIECBQmIEgURm0gAgQIECBAgAABAuURECTK00uVECBAgAABAgQIEChMQJAojNpABAgQIECAAAECBMojIEiUp5cqIUCAAAECBAgQIFCYgCBRGLWBCBAgQIAAAQIECJRHQJAoTy9VQoAAAQIECBAgQKAwAUGiMGoDESBAgAABAgQIECiPgCBRnl6qhAABAgQIECBAgEBhAoJEYdQGIkCAAAECBAgQIFAeAUGiPL1UCQECBAgQIECAAIHCBM7xIPFyhvoXp1KpTPN/ZQaGX58EHR/Ozs1fzoPN27X9Geitpto/lLFZkNeGB9JbaRlnFvv6VZtOjrU4/UMv/6pV3U+AAAECBAgQIEDgrAmc40FiyqX75jz9j0dSr9fb/N+WNQvOT1LL2O4H0vf5H+fIWeM8+zvuWrAm2+t7smnZhWd/MCMQIECAAAECBAgQOIlAOYLESYqzmAABAgQIECBAgACBsyPQIUGilrGhL+by5X+W0Xwnaxf+xvHTmV56Pk9t7kt1aopUte/r2TncmOx0OC8O3pBqdWOGxmrHd2BsKP3Vk00xOpzRvYPZ3Lfo2JSrq/ozMDSc8Ym9NI5nY6qVf5fNg63r9ab/wd0ZHWtMwWoez6L0ff3ZjE4Nf/zUpqmpXb33ZGj31vRfVZ0cr9qXzTubY00ddm00ex/sz1XNaWDHHU9jndczPLAylYKmaB2P6RYBAgQIECBAgMC5JtAhQaIr85bdnv1P35zu/H62HPh/Gdm0LPOmujX6Vzvz/GU3Z7gxNerIoTx08d+kZ92W7B1/Sy7++IqszpN5+Hv/O8eiRC1je76XrelJ7+J3ndDzWsb33pNPXfNE5nxmR45MTLd6IyO3vi1bl2/It/a+2rL+4/n83Xty2S3Ppl5/IyNPfyS7r/9wqpd/OS/8y6/mUP1IXvvJjcnX/jhffPznLeO37KJxdceXc9tjb8/aJw9N7uehy/Ldnpaxaj/P4Kd7cs3Qb2fTyBupN/b7zfflmes+mfWDzf2enwVrtqVeb04FO2EMNwkQIECAAAECBAi0CJQjSIz+WZa/Y86xv/43/+peqRz/ykNL4a1Xu2/qzy0rLs/cxsKui7P0+lXp2fXD/HjkcDLvn2flhvdk4L6nc/Bokngle7bvSFZ/PIvnnUj4SnZvezgHVvdl7ZLuTN57XrqXrsrqnv3Z+eOXWgLBFbnp1g1ZsaARac5L9+J/kSXd3em5/easn9i2K3MXfDgfW/QPeeq5/zn1akbrkU9d774+t95ybRbMbYzW3M/zU2PVMrbrvtww8N7cfsvaLOk+r1Fk5l6+Onc/dE2euuG+7Drx1ZY2Q1hEgAABAgQIECBAoFXgxLPg1vvOnevTvNm69ZWH0yvopzlwqDER6Z354O+uSM+Ov8n3D059+tPYf8/2rcnq3vcffVXj2L4vzLJNezKyaXFeGnoig4ODGRy8P/3Ll2Xtjl8cW+1sXptbzcJFyb4DIxnPZOgZ7Z6fSy9qhIjmv67MvWR+Fo3uyPY9rzQXuiRAgAABAgQIECBwSgLlCBKnVOrMV+qavzzr1vwkX9zyg4w1Pv2pMa1p4R9k5ZITpzU1xqhlfP+D6au+IwuX35vnXm28jPFb6f3mYLb0NE/um8dyWRZeMvE6SHPB2bts86rNnIVrs+PsjWjPBAgQIECAAAECJRZ4S4lrO3Oldb07H/+Da5Lrvpc9t/xOsv2ZLFq9JR+cmEp0wjC14Wxbf3N2Xv1YDt2/Ihc3o1rjzdn7RpMPnLB+UTd7tuTAU2uyoHk8RY1rHAIECBAgQIAAgVIKOK08pbZ2Zd6Sa7Nh4Y48/Oh38t2tF2fVlZdOvf/hhB2Mj+TAvmTRR9+X7hbd2muv5tfzFXLvyuLennTvez4vjB5uOdjGm8K/nqt8SlOLiasECBAgQIAAAQKnKtByqnuqm5yr6029J2Di8Gv5xfgvWt70fAo1zX1/fnf1ZRn4oxty56JP5Mr5jS+5a/Nv3vvTu7qaHVsfza6pE/fa6LO5a+OXMjDaZv2zvqgr85auyzeufiY3bLw/uyeOqZbx4cdz2433JF+7MSsnvrDvrB+IAQgQIECAAAECBEokUI4g0Wb+f+XoJzdV0zuwfyI0dM3vTf/N/5i1C9+et3/y2y2fwnQqHT0/83v/fdY0PlVp1Ucy/6RyF2bp5+7NA0t+kOXVt058ktQlX/hh3t13bx676YpTGejMr9P1nqy467E89LH/lf6JY5qTC5Y+kd/87KN5ZMOSyU+r8j0SZ97dHgkQIECAAAECJRao1Ov1erO+xsl3y83mYpdTAo0vg7t66fNZ9/d3ZsXFrZ+AhIgAAQIECBAgQIBAuQVOzAon/bt6uRlmUF3txex6YDCHN/yH9AgRMwC0CQECBAgQIECAQJkEBIlf2c3XMzywMpU5H8ptR9bkvj9ePDUV6FduaAUCBAgQIECAAAECpRUwtam0rVUYAQIECBAgQIAAgTMnYGrTmbO0JwIECBAgQIAAAQIdK2BqU8e2XuEECBAgQIAAAQIEZi4gSMzczpYECBAgQIAAAQIEOlZAkOjY1iucAAECBAgQIECAwMwFBImZ29mSAAECBAgQIECAQMcKCBId23qFEyBAgAABAgQIEJi5gCAxcztbEiBAgAABAgQIEOhYAUGiY1uvcAIECBAgQIAAAQIzFxAkZm5nSwIECBAgQIAAAQIdKyBIdGzrFU6AAAECBAgQIEBg5gKCxMztbEmAAAECBAgQIECgYwUEiY5tvcIJECBAgAABAgQIzFxAkJi5nS0JECBAgAABAgQIdKyAINGxrVc4AQIECBAgQIAAgZkLCBIzt7MlAQIECBAgQIAAgY4VECQ6tvUKJ0CAAAECBAgQIDBzAUFi5na2JECAAAECBAgQINCxAoJEx7Ze4QQIECBAgAABAgRmLiBIzNzOlgQIECBAgAABAgQ6VkCQ6NjWK5wAAQIECBAgQIDAzAUEiZnb2ZIAAQIECBAgQIBAxwoIEh3beoUTIECAAAECBAgQmLmAIDFzO1sSIECAAAECBAgQ6FgBQaJjW69wAgQIECBAgAABAjMXECRmbmdLAgQIECBAgAABAh0rIEh0bOsVToAAAQIECBAgQGDmAqUKErXhgfRWKqn2D2XsZCa1/RnoraZS3ZihsdpJ1no9wwMrU6ksTv/QyydZJyn7eGGVxGOh8QNQ9se6+hpNfjM+N3rsTfwCelP2xnOj58ap0yOPz8kf0zN2Djrleo5cVOr1er15rJVKJS03m4tdEiBAgAABAgQIECDQ4QInZoVSvSLR4b1VPgECBAgQIECAAIHCBASJwqgNRIAAAQIECBAgQKA8AoJEeXqpEgIECBAgQIAAAQKFCQgShVEbiAABAgQIECBAgEB5BASJ8vRSJQQIECBAgAABAgQKExAkCqM2EAECBAgQIECAAIHyCAgS5emlSggQIECAAAECBAgUJiBIFEZtIAIECBAgQIAAAQLlERAkytNLlRAgQIAAAQIECBAoTECQKIzaQAQIECBAgAABAgTKIyBIlKeXKiFAgAABAgQIECBQmIAgURi1gQgQIECAAAECBAiUR0CQKE8vVUKAAAECBAgQIECgMAFBojBqAxEgQIAAAQIECBAoj4AgUZ5eqoQAAQIECBAgQIBAYQKCRGHUBiJAgAABAgQIECBQHgFBojy9VAkBAgQIECBAgACBwgQEicKoDUSAAAECBAgQIECgPAKCRHl6qRICBAgQIECAAAEChQkIEoVRG4gAAQIECBAgQIBAeQQEifL0UiUECBAgQIAAAQIEChMQJAqjNhABAgQIECBAgACB8ggIEuXppUoIECBAgAABAgQIFCYgSBRGbSACBAgQIECAAAEC5REQJMrTS5UQIECAAAECBAgQKExAkCiM2kAECBAgQIAAAQIEyiMgSJSnlyohQIAAAQIECBAgUJiAIFEYtYEIECBAgAABAgQIlEdAkChPL1VCgAABAgQIECBAoDCBUgWJ2vBAeiuVVPuHMnYywtr+DPRWU6luzNBY7SRrvZ7hgZWpVBanf+jlk6yTlH28sErisdD4ASj7Y119jSa/GZ8bPfYmfgG9KXvjudFz49Tpkcfn5I/pGTsHnXI9Ry4q9Xq93jzWSqWSlpvNxS4JECBAgAABAgQIEOhwgROzQqlekejw3iqfAAECBAgQIECAQGECgkRh1AYiQIAAAQIECBAgUB4BQaI8vVQJAQIECBAgQIAAgcIEBInCqA1EgAABAgQIECBAoDwCgkR5eqkSAgQIECBAgAABAoUJCBKFURuIAAECBAgQIECAQHkEBIny9FIlBAgQIECAAAECBAoTECQKozYQAQIECBAgQIAAgfIICBLl6aVKCBAgQIAAAQIECBQmIEgURm0gAgQIECBAgAABAuURECTK00uVECBAgAABAgQIEChMQJAojNpABAgQIECAAAECBMojIEiUp5cqIUCAAAECBAgQIFCYgCBRGLWBCBAgQIAAAQIECJRHQJAoTy9VQoAAAQIECBAgQKAwAUGiMGoDESBAgAABAgQIECiPgCBRnl6qhAABAgQIECBAgEBhAoJEYdQGIkCAAAECBAgQIFAeAUGiPL1UCQECBAgQIECAAIHCBASJwqgNRIAAAQIECBAgQEbmKGAAAAEHSURBVKA8AoJEeXqpEgIECBAgQIAAAQKFCQgShVEbiAABAgQIECBAgEB5BASJ8vRSJQQIECBAgAABAgQKExAkCqM2EAECBAgQIECAAIHyCAgS5emlSggQIECAAAECBAgUJiBIFEZtIAIECBAgQIAAAQLlERAkytNLlRAgQIAAAQIECBAoTECQKIzaQAQIECBAgAABAgTKIyBIlKeXKiFAgAABAgQIECBQmIAgURi1gQgQIECAAAECBAiUR6BSr9frjXIqlUp5qlIJAQIECBAgQIAAAQJnRWAqPuQtzb03FzRvuyRAgAABAgQIECBAgMDJBExtOpmM5QQIECBAgAABAgQInFTg/wPO14qjO6527wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw a diagram showing the delocalization of electrons in the conjugate base of butanoic acid.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the average oxidation state of carbon in butanoic acid.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>A 0.250 mol dm<sup>−3</sup> aqueous solution of butanoic acid has a concentration of hydrogen ions, [H<sup>+</sup>], of 0.00192 mol dm<sup>−3</sup>. Calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions, [OH<sup>−</sup>], in the solution at 298 K.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine the pH of a 0.250 mol dm<sup>−3</sup> aqueous solution of ethylamine at 298 K, using section 21 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Sketch the pH curve for the titration of 25.0 cm<sup>3</sup> of ethylamine aqueous solution with 50.0 cm<sup>3</sup> of butanoic acid aqueous solution of equal concentration. No calculations are required.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAxEAAALcCAYAAACYZj24AAAgAElEQVR4AezdD5Bs51nf+efKWqNshGJTDsvImLhsl6TdheBdGUMqUItkkFFMNkQGzAIjKjdL2SGOTVxihB1VCrAWaNmxyn9wTLYkrL7AghdrvcisEUHXCrVsVWyLclBSki5/yk6Qhiq7iCXfioVtTW89o3m733k0p6fvOb/T/Zwz366S+5zu9/2d5/28p1zz3j6n+9RsNpsZDwQQQAABBBBAAAEEEEBgRYGLVmxHMwQQQAABBBBAAAEEEEBgX+Bi/99Tp07BgQACCCCAAAIIIIAAAggsFSgXMe0vInzHFxLlxaU9eRMBBBBAAAEEEEAAAQROlEBcK3A504mafgaLAAIIIIAAAggggEB3ARYR3Q1JQAABBBBAAAEEEEDgRAmwiDhR081gEUAAAQQQQAABBBDoLsAiorshCQgggAACCCCAAAIInCgBFhEnaroZLAIIIIAAAggggAAC3QVYRHQ3JAEBBBBAAAEEEEAAgRMlwCLiRE03g0UAAQQQQAABBBBAoLsAi4juhiQggAACCCCAAAIIIHCiBFhEnKjpZrAIIIAAAggggAACCHQXYBHR3ZAEBBBAAAEEEEAAAQROlACLiBM13QwWAQQQQAABBBBAAIHuAiwiuhuSgAACCCCAAAIIIIDAiRJgEXGippvBIoAAAggggAACCCDQXYBFRHdDEhBAAAEEEEAAAQQQOFECLCJO1HQzWAQQQAABBBBAAAEEuguwiOhuSAICCCCAAAIIIIAAAidKgEXEiZpuBosAAggggAACCCCAQHcBFhHdDUloFNiz8w/cbtdc/hY7+8ReYyuzL9qjd7/eLj+23ZII3kIAAQQQQAABBBBYmwCLiLVRn7QD7dn5h3/N3vqWX7H7jxn63qMftn/++l+w3WPa8TYCCCCAAAIIIIBADgEWETnmYVxV7O3aA3fdYv/4w5fb97/mRcvHdv7f2/vf8i/sT6+8enk73kUAAQQQQAABBBBII8AiIs1UjKWQJ+3c+2+ymx65xn7+Td9iX7l0WJ+zB973k3bLxa+zt/zgMYuNpTm8iQACCCCAAAIIILBOgYvXeTCOdRIEnm2XX3+73bP11XapPWmfbxyy3y/xS3bTO15o7/n437O/ce89jS15AwEEEEAAAQQQQCCXAIuIXPMxgmousku3vvr4cZz/hL3vpt+zV93zS3bD859t547vQQsEEEAAAQQQQACBJAIsIpJMxIkqY+/Tdvcbf8x+61XvtXuufo6ZPXns8E+dOnVsm6YGs9ms6S1eRwABBBBAAAEEEGghwCKiBRpdugh80R790Nvs9X/6Q3bPO19ml3aJWrHvbbfdNm+5s7Ozv12/Nn9zhY3S35sel+Ftm9qUnPh+7BP36xJLRqwl9on7bTK8zyo5ivEoMo4zqQ2O2i62sZbYdl0mjOewPPNz2MP3mkziORr366SS4a/V5/6yPnX/sl1y6ozyXv28LLcpI/aJ+zG/7Ne1LOtT2tfPTbXUbXx7WW5TRuwT90tuPBb7CKQQmB08zKxs8oyASOALs0fu+L6Zbb15dt/jTz2d+dRDszuu2/KPBhr+25pdd8dDs4PWneoox+gUMpvNptNp14g0GT4QxXgmk0kKE9V4FCaKDB9PFlvVeBQ5igyF6xjPtyy2ijrGOD+q89ZteCDQVSCuFfh2phRLuRNUxEVX2el7H/MVa/XfF+yRO77PbOvNdt/jf2b3nr7KODFP0DnBUBFAAAEEEEBgcAL8rTa4KaNgBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQ2K3DKP9rwEvzGVW5A3exkjO/oT9q5O2+0K295id338K127WVNa9ZV212YULkZm/P6wtxojQACCCCAAAIIRIG4Vmj6qy72Yx+BFgKX2BWnP2Czx352yQLCY1dt16IEQZczZ850TsmS4QNR1FLfpNgWR1GHajyKWhQZPp4stqrxKHIUGQrXMZ5vWWwVdYxxflTnrdvwQEAtwCJCLUoeAggggAACCCCAAAIjF2ARMfIJZngIIIAAAggggAACCKgFuCdCLUpeGgHuiUgzFRSCAAIIIIAAAgMX4J6IgU8g5a9fQHGtbpYM11PUorhOV1GHajyKWhQZPp4stqrxKHIUGQrXMZ5vWWwVdYxxflTnrdvwQEAtwOVMalHyEEAAAQQQQAABBBAYuQCLiJFPMMNDAAEEEEAAAQQQQEAtwD0RalHy0ghwT0SaqaAQBBBAAAEEEBi4APdEDHwCKR8BBBBAAAEEEEAAgU0LcDnTpmeA4yMwQAFu9utv0rDtxxbXflw9FVts+xMgObMAi4jMs0NtKQQU3xqSJcNBFbUoJkZVhyInS4bCVTXHCpNstSh8FS5ZMlTzk8VVNZ5M86OwJQOBvgRYRPQlSy4CCCCAAAIIIIAAAiMV4MbqkU4swzIrN1ZPp9M5x/b29v52239pKv095LgMb9vUpuTE92OfuD8fiJmVjFhL7BP322R4n1VyGM9Cl/lZWJStVU1K+6bnkhPPt9g+yzkb64r7jCeKLP7/Lc5xnNO4XycVV3+tzlnWp+7v200ZsV1pWx+nblNy4vuxlrhfcussthHYlEC8sdpmBw+z+WZ5iWcEBi3g57TivJ5Op50dsmT4QBS1TCaTFCaq8ShMFBk+niy2qvEochQZCtcxnm9ZbBV1jHF+VOet2/BAoKtA/JuKy5k2tZzjuAgggAACCCCAAAIIDFSARcRAJ46yEUAAAQQQQAABBBDYlACLiE3Jc1wEBiyws7Mz4Opzl45tP/ODaz+unoottv0JkJxZgEVE5tmhNgSSCvC98P1NDLb92OLaj6unYottfwIkZxZgEZF5dqgNAQQQQAABBBBAAIGEAiwiEk4KJSGAAAIIIIAAAgggkFmA34nIPDvU1kmg/E7EbObf9MoDAQQQQAABBBBAoK1A/J0IPoloK0m/EyMQfxyozcCzZHjtiloU10Ar6lCNR1GLIsPHk8VWNR5FjiJD4TrG8y2LraKOMc6P6rx1Gx4IqAVYRKhFyUMAAQQQQAABBBBAYOQCLCJGPsEMDwEEEEAAAQQQQAABtQD3RKhFyUsjwD0RaaaCQhBAAAEEEEBg4ALcEzHwCaR8BBBAAAEEEEAAAQQ2LcDlTJueAY6PwAAFuNmvv0nDth9bXPtx9VRsse1PgOTMAiwiMs8OtaUQUHxrSJYMB1XUopgYVR2KnCwZClfVHCtMstWi8FW4ZMlQzU8WV9V4Ms2PwpYMBPoSYBHRlyy5CCCAAAIIIIAAAgiMVIAbq0c6sQzLrNxYPZ1O5xzb29v7223/pan095DjMrxtU5uSE9+PfeL+fCBmVjJiLbFP3G+T4X3qnN3dXdva2ppHlVqGOp75QA42Njme2rbU4WXVtvVclNqPeq1+L2b4fuwT90v/0rbsL6tFkVGO0/Tsx/BHXcdRbetaaldv25RR9yntmo5TMmItMeOo2urXSk7TcUrbZblNGbFP3C/Z/lwyfLuuZVkfb7uqbX2scrz6OPX7pZb4fqwl7h+V4a/VOcv61P19u9QRM2K70rY+Tt2m5MT3Yy1x3213dnbqKLYR2JhAvLHaZgcPs/lmeYlnBAYt4Oe04ryeTqedHbJk+EAUtUwmkxQmqvEoTBQZPp4stqrxKHIUGQrXMZ5vWWwVdYxxflTnrdvwQKCrQPybisuZNrae48AIIIAAAggggAACCAxTgEXEMOeNqhFAAAEEEEAAAQQQ2JgA90RsjJ4D9y1Q7omYzfyqJh5KAf9KR67TVYousrBdWCi3cFVqHs7C9rCHcg9bpSZZXQXiPRF8EtFVlP6jF4g3wrUZcJYMr11RSxuD2EdVhyInS0Y0arufaTyZamnrWffLMh5FHT4uVU5t1GZbVYciJ0tGG0f6ILBOARYR69TmWAgggAACCCCAAAIIjECARcQIJpEhIIAAAggggAACCCCwTgHuiVinNsdaqwD3RPTHzXW62PYn0E8y52w/rp6KLbb9CZCcSYB7IjLNBrUMQiDL9bGKOhxcldN18lR1KHKyZHQ1Lf0zjSdTLcWny3OW8SjqcAdVThdTZR2K8WTJ6GpKfwT6FuBypr6FyUcAAQQQQAABBBBAYGQCLCJGNqEMBwEEEEAAAQQQQACBvgVYRPQtTD4CCCCAAAIIIIAAAiMT4MbqkU0ow1kIcGP1woItBBBAAAEEEECgiwA3VnfRoy8CCCCAAAIIIIAAAggYlzNxEiBwjECWb+pQ1OFDVeT4Vzp2fSjqUI1HUYsiw8eTxVY1HkWOIkPhOsbzLYutoo4xzo/qvHUbHgioBVhEqEXJQwABBBBAAAEEEEBg5AIsIkY+wQwPAQQQQAABBBBAAAG1ADdWq0XJSyNQbqyeTqfzmra3t/e32350Xvp7yHEZ3rapTcmJ78c+cX8+EDMrGbGW2Cfut8nwPqvkMJ6FLvOzsChbq5qU9k3PJSeeb7F9lnM21hX3GU8UWfz/W5zjOKdxv04qrv5anbOsT93ft5syYrvStj5O3abkxPdjLXG/5NZZbCOwKYF4Y7XNDh5m883yEs8IDFrAz2nFeT2dTjs7ZMnwgShqmUwmKUxU41GYKDJ8PFlsVeNR5CgyFK5jPN+y2CrqGOP8qM5bt+GBQFeB+DcVlzNtajnHcRFAAAEEEEAAAQQQGKgAlzMNdOIo+3iBcjnTbOYfSPBQCvg3huzs7CgjyToQwLafUwHXflw9FVts+xMgOZNAvJyJTyIyzQ61pBSI17C2KTJLhteuqKWNQeyjqkORkyUjGrXdzzSeTLW09az7ZRmPog4flyqnNmqzrapDkZMlo40jfRBYpwCLiHVqcywEEEAAAQQQQAABBEYgwCJiBJPIEBBAAAEEEEAAAQQQWKcAi4h1anMsBBBAAAEEEEAAAQRGIMAiYgSTyBAQQAABBBBAAAEEEFinAIuIdWpzLAQQQAABBBBAAAEERiDAImIEk8gQEEAAAQQQQAABBBBYpwCLiHVqcywEEEAAAQQQQAABBEYgwI/NjWASGcLRAvzY3NEuvIoAAggggAACCFyoAD82d6FitEcAAQQQQAABBBBAAIFDAlzOdIiDHQQQWEXgtttuW6UZbVoIYNsCbYUuuK6A1LIJti3hVuiG7QpINNmYAIuIjdFz4KEInDlzpnOpWTJ8IIpaOoMI61CMJ0uGwlU1xwqTbLUofBUuWTJU85PFVTWeTPOjsCUDgb4EWET0JUsuAggggAACCCCAAAIjFeDG6pFOLMMyKzdWT6fTOcf29vb+dtt/aSr9PeS4DG/b1KbkxPdjn7g/H4iZlYxYS+wT99tkeJ9VchjPQpf5WViUrVVNSvum55ITz7fYPss5G+uK+4wniiz+/y3OcZzTuF8nFVd/rc5Z1qfu79tNGbFdaVsfp25TcuL7sZa4X3LrLLYR2JRAvLHaZgcPs/lmeYlnBAYt4Oe04ryeTqedHbJk+EAUtUwmkxQmqvEoTBQZPp4stqrxKHIUGQrXMZ5vWWwVdYxxflTnrdvwQKCrQPybisuZNrWc47gIIIAAAggggAACCAxUgEXEQCeOshFAAAEEEEAAAQQQ2JQAi4hNyXNcBAYssLOzM+Dqc5eObT/zg2s/rp6KLbb9CZCcWYBFRObZoTYEkgrw3eX9TQy2/dji2o+rp2KLbX8CJGcWYBGReXaoDQEEEEAAAQQQQACBhAIsIhJOCiUhgAACCCCAAAIIIJBZgEVE5tmhNgSSCnANdH8Tg20/trj24+qp2GLbnwDJmQVYRGSeHWpDIKkA10D3NzHY9mOLaz+unoottv0JkJxZgEVE5tkZfG17dv6B2+2ay99iZ5/YOzya8+fs7J032zWnTu3/svSpU99gP/L2e+3c+dDucC/2EEAAAQQQQAABBBIIsIhIMAnjLGHPzj/8a/bWt/yK3R8HuPdpu/uNr7Yf/jdfZ5PH/tJ/Kt2eeux99tIHb7Jvf+OH7FHWEVGMfQQQQAABBBBAIJXAKf8JbK/o1KlT+3/MpaqOYoYpsLdrD5x5t73rM9fZG77qvfayW15i9z18q1172dNr1r1zd9r1V77XXnrfb9vk2ufNx9j0+rzBBW74Oe2Pg1P8AnvTHAEEEEAAAQQQQKAIxLUCn0QUGZ5FAk/aufffZDc9co39/Ju+xb7yiNSLrjht984+cWgBsWj2mH3yU581PoxYiLCFAAIIIIAAAghkE2ARkW1GBl/Ps+3y62+3e372O22r1dn1rfaab32hterak92ZM2c6J2fJ8IEoalHcSKmoQzUeRS2KDB9PFlvVeBQ5igyF6xjPtyy2ijrGOD+q89ZteCCgFsj0t5p6bORtROAiu3Trq+3SCz323qftQ5Pb7cHTP2CvfMklF9qb9ggggAACCCCAAAJrFLh4jcfiUAg0CDxhD7//Z+z1f/q99su/+t32fJa2DU68jAACCCCAAAII5BDgxuoc8zDSKp60c3feaFeGG6sPD/YJe/jOf2rX3mJ269nb7fRVlx1++2Cv3CR95JvHvDiZTOYtyo8itf2IuPT3wOMyvG1Tm5IT34994v58IOEHnuqc2Cfut8nwPqvk1HUc1WddGX7supZlx609yra3jxnlvfp5WW5TRuwT92N+2Wc8RWLx42a1yeLdxdYqtjEj9on7i/RFHf5anbOsT92/bHv7mFHeq5+X5TZlxD5xP+aXfcZTJBbzXJss3l1srWIbM2KfuO/p/hoPBDIIxBur/Ztr9h9Pf4lN2eMZAYXAF2aP3PF9M9t68+y+x596ZuBTj83+7TtunG1tnZ7d8dDjz3y/esXPz7b/VTGtNqfTaat+dacsGV6TopbJZFIPr9W2og7VeBS1KDJ8PFlsVeNR5CgyFK5jPN+y2CrqGOP8qM5bt+GBQFeBuFbgwpEMS7sTWMPe7r+2t7ziavvm33y+vef+5k8gCo1/TeuF/lf68owAAggggAACCCCgFeCeCK0naasInP+YveMHf8R+7pEb7IMf/ym74fnPXqUXbRBAAAEEEEAAAQSSCPBJRJKJODllPGnnPvB2+4n7d812f8Fe/bVfsf9Dh36dXfnv8pvP2hMnB4SRIoAAAggggAACgxPgk4jBTdmQCr7Erjj9AZudrms+6rX6fbYRQAABBBBAAAEEsgvwSUT2GaI+BBBAAAEEEEAAAQSSCbCISDYhlIMAAggggAACCCCAQHYBFhHZZ4j6EEAAAQQQQAABBBBIJsCPzSWbEMrRCZQfqPOvhuWhFfAfTOIHkLSmJQ3bIqF9xlXrWadhW2tot7HVepLWTSD+2ByfRHTzpPcJEDhz5kznUWbJ8IEoaukMIqxDMZ4sGQpX1RwrTLLVovBVuGTJUM1PFlfVeDLNj8KWDAT6EmAR0ZcsuQgggAACCCCAAAIIjFSARcRIJ5ZhIYAAAggggAACCCDQlwD3RPQlS+7GBbgnYuNTQAEIIIAAAgggMBIB7okYyUQyDAQQQAABBBBAAAEENiXA5Uybkue4gxHIcpOdog5HV+T4N4Z0fSjqUI1HUYsiw8eTxVY1HkWOIkPhOsbzLYutoo4xzo/qvHUbHgioBVhEqEXJQwABBBBAAAEEEEBg5AIsIkY+wQwPAQQQQAABBBBAAAG1ADdWq0XJSyNQbqyeTqfzmra3t/e32350Xvp7yHEZ3rapTcmJ78c+cX8+EDMrGbGW2Cfut8nwPnXO7u6ubW1tzaNKLUMdz3wgBxubHE9tW+rwsmrbei5K7Ue9Vr8XM3w/9on7pX9pW/aX1aLIKMdpevZj+KOu46i2dS21q7dtyqj7lHZNxykZsZaYcVRt9Wslp+k4pe2y3KaM2Cful2x/Lhm+XdeyrI+3XdW2PlY5Xn2c+v1SS3w/1hL3j8rw1+qcZX3q/r5d6ogZsV1pWx+nblNy4vuxlrjvtvywZy3J9iYF4o3VNjt4mM03y0s8IzBoAT+nFef1dDrt7JAlwweiqGUymaQwUY1HYaLI8PFksVWNR5GjyFC4jvF8y2KrqGOM86M6b92GBwJdBeLfVFzOtMklHcdGAAEEEEAAAQQQQGCAAlzONMBJo+TVBMrlTLOZfyDBQyng3xjCR+xK0UUWtgsL5RauSs3DWdge9lDuYavUJKurQLyciU8iuorSf/QC8RrWNgPOkuG1K2ppYxD7qOpQ5GTJiEZt9zONJ1MtbT3rflnGo6jDx6XKqY3abKvqUORkyWjjSB8E1inAImKd2hwLAQQQQAABBBBAAIERCLCIGMEkMgQEEEAAAQQQQAABBNYpwCJindocCwEEEEAAAQQQQACBEQiwiBjBJDIEBBBAAAEEEEAAAQTWKcAiYp3aHAsBBBBAAAEEEEAAgREIsIgYwSQyBAQQQAABBBBAAAEE1inAImKd2hwLAQQQQAABBBBAAIERCPBjcyOYRIZwtAA/Nne0C68igAACCCCAAAIXKsCPzV2oGO0RQAABBBBAAAEEEEDgkACXMx3iYAcBBFYRuO2221ZpRpsWAti2QFuhC64rILVsgm1LuBW6YbsCEk02JsAiYmP0HHgoAmfOnOlcapYMH4iils4gwjoU48mSoXBVzbHCJFstCl+FS5YM1fxkcVWNJ9P8KGzJQKAvARYRfcmSiwACCCCAAAIIIIDASAW4sXqkE8uwzMqN1dPpdM6xvb29v932X5pKfw85LsPbNrUpOfH92CfuzwdiZiUj1hL7xP02Gd5nlRzGs9BlfhYWZWtVk9K+6bnkxPMtts9yzsa64j7jiSKL/3+LcxznNO7XScXVX6tzlvWp+/t2U0ZsV9rWx6nblJz4fqwl7pfcOottBDYlEG+sttnBw2y+WV7iGYFBC/g5rTivp9NpZ4csGT4QRS2TySSFiWo8ChNFho8ni61qPIocRYbCdYznWxZbRR1jnB/Vees2PBDoKhD/puJypk0t5zguAggggAACCCCAAAIDFWARMdCJo2wEEEAAAQQQQAABBDYlwCJiU/IcF4EBC+zs7Ay4+tylY9vP/ODaj6unYottfwIkZxZgEZF5dqgNgaQCfHd5fxODbT+2uPbj6qnYYtufAMmZBVhEZJ4dakMAAQQQQAABBBBAIKEAi4iEk0JJCCCAAAIIIIAAAghkFuB3IjLPDrV1Eii/EzGb+Te98kAAAQQQQAABBBBoKxB/J4JPItpK0u/ECMQfB2oz8CwZXruiFsU10Io6VONR1KLI8PFksVWNR5GjyFC4jvF8y2KrqGOM86M6b92GBwJqARYRalHyEEAAAQQQQAABBBAYuQCLiJFPMMNDAAEEEEAAAQQQQEAtwD0RalHy0ghwT0SaqaAQBBBAAAEEEBi4APdEDHwCKR8BBBBAAAEEEEAAgU0LcDnTpmeA4yMwQAFu9utv0rDtxxbXflw9FVts+xMgObMAi4jMs0NtKQQU3xqSJcNBFbUoJkZVhyInS4bCVTXHCpNstSh8FS5ZMlTzk8VVNZ5M86OwJQOBvgRYRPQlSy4CCCCAAAIIIIAAAiMV4MbqkU4swzIrN1ZPp9M5x/b29v52239pKv095LgMb9vUpuTE92OfuD8fiJmVjFhL7BP322R4nzpnd3fXtra25lGllqGOZz6Qg41Njqe2LXV4WbVtPRel9qNeq9+LGb4f+8T90r+0LfvLalFklOM0Pfsx/FHXcVTbupba1ds2ZdR9Srum45SMWEvMOKq2+rWS03Sc0nZZblNG7BP3S7Y/lwzfrmtZ1sfbrmpbH6scrz5O/X6pJb4fa4n7R2X4a3XOsj51f98udcSM2K60rY9Ttyk58f1YS9x3252dnTqKbQQ2JhBvrLbZwcNsvlle4hmBQQv4Oa04r6fTaWeHLBk+EEUtk8kkhYlqPAoTRYaPJ4utajyKHEWGwnWM51sWW0UdY5wf1XnrNjwQ6CoQ/6bicqaNrec4MAIIIIAAAggggAACwxRgETHMeaNqBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQ2JsA9ERuj58B9C5R7ImYzv6qJh1LAv9KR63SVoossbBcWyi1clZqHs7A97KHcw1apSVZXgXhPBJ9EdBWl/+gF4o1wbQacJcNrV9TSxiD2UdWhyMmSEY3a7mcaT6Za2nrW/bKMR1GHj0uVUxu12VbVocjJktHGkT4IrFOARcQ6tTkWAggggAACCCCAAAIjEGARMYJJZAgIIIAAAggggAACCKxTgHsi1qnNsdYqwD0R/XFznS62/Qn0k8w524+rp2KLbX8CJGcS4J6ITLNBLYMQyHJ9rKIOB1fldJ08VR2KnCwZXU1L/0zjyVRL8enynGU8ijrcQZXTxVRZh2I8WTK6mtIfgb4FuJypb2HyEUAAAQQQQAABBBAYmQCLiJFNKMNBAAEEEEAAAQQQQKBvARYRfQuTj8AIBfiNiP4mFdt+bHHtx9VTscW2PwGSMwtwY3Xm2aG2TgLcWN2Jj84IIIAAAggggMBcgBur5xRsIIAAAggggAACCCCAQBsBLmdqo0afEyWQ5Zs6FHX4xCly/Csduz4UdajGo6hFkeHjyWKrGo8iR5GhcB3j+ZbFVlHHGOdHdd66DQ8E1AIsItSi5CGAAAIIIIAAAgggMHIBFhEjn2CGhwACCCCAAAIIIICAWoAbq9Wi5KURKDdWT6fTeU3b29v7220/Oi/9PeS4DG/b1KbkxPdjn7g/H4iZlYxYS+wT99tkeJ86Z3d317a2tuZRpZahjmc+kIONTY6nti11eFm1bT0XpfajXqvfixm+H/vE/dK/tC37y2pRZJTjND37MfxR13FU27qW2tXbNmXUfUq7puOUjFhLzDiqtvq1ktN0nNJ2WW5TRuwT90u2P5cM365rWdbH265qWx+rHK8+Tv1+qSW+H2uJ+0dl+Gt1zrI+dX/fLnXEjNiutK2PU7cpOfH9WEvcd1u+/aqWZHuTAvHGapsdPMzmm+UlnhEYtICf04rzejqddnbIkuEDUdQymUxSmKjGozBRZPh4stiqxqPIUWQoXMd4vmWxVdQxxvlRnbduwwOBrgLxbyouZ9rkko5jI4AAAggggAACCJIIQC0AACAASURBVCAwQAEuZxrgpFHyagLlcqbZzD+Q4KEU8G8M4SN2pegiC9uFhXILV6Xm4SxsD3so97BVapLVVSBezsQnEV1F6T96gXgNa5sBZ8nw2hW1tDGIfVR1KHKyZESjtvuZxpOplraedb8s41HU4eNS5dRGbbZVdShysmS0caQPAusUYBGxTm2OhQACCCCAAAIIIIDACARYRIxgEhkCAggggAACCCCAAALrFOCeiHVqc6y1CnBPRH/cXKeLbX8C/SRzzvbj6qnYYtufAMmZBLgnItNsUMsgBLJcH6uow8FVOV0nT1WHIidLRlfT0j/TeDLVUny6PGcZj6IOd1DldDFV1qEYT5aMrqb0R6BvAS5n6luYfAQQQAABBBBAAAEERibAImJkE5prOHt2/oHb7ZrL32Jnn9g7XNrerj1w1812zalT5h+PnTr1Srv5zg/bA7tfPNyOPQQQQAABBBBAAIF0AtwTkW5KxlLQnp1/+NfsrW98h9324HV238O32rWXlTXrF+3Ru99k3/Tuv2o/9/Yft+2rt8x2f9/e+ZOvs7d9zTvt4cm1dpmAgXsiBIgNEVwD3QAjeBlbAeIREbgegSJ6CVsR5BEx2B6BwksbE4j3RLCI2NhUjPjA/inDmXfbuz5znb3hq95rL7vlJYcXEXsP253Xf7f9+ms+bB85fZWVpcXeuTvt+m//Y7v50IKjvROLiPZ29EQAAQQQQAABBGqBuIgof7/VbdhGoIPAk3bu/TfZTY9cYz//pm+xrzwq6fxj9siDz7GXvvB58wWEN7voa15oL7XfsXs/8RdH9eI1BBBAAAEEEEAAgSQCLCKSTMR4yni2XX797XbPz36nbTWcXXt//in75G7TiB+zT37qsxbuoGhqvJbXs3xTh6IOB1Pk+EfsXR+KOlTjUdSiyPDxZLFVjUeRo8hQuI7xfMtiq6hjjPOjOm/dhgcCaoGGP/PUhyHv5AhcZJdufbVd2jjgPTv/Z39sDza+zxsIIIAAAggggAAC2QVYRGSfIepDAAEEEEAAAQQQQCCZADdWJ5uQcZXzpJ2780a7MtxYvX8D9ZXvtZfe99s2ufZ5iyE/cdZuvuqH7ZO3nj10w7U3KDdJLxqvvjWZTOaNd3Z29rfbfkRc+nvIcRnetqlNyYnvxz5xfz4QMysZsZbYJ+63yfA+q+QoxqPIOM6kNjhqu9jGWmLbdZkwnsPyzM9hD99rMonnaNyvk0qGv1af+8v61P3LdsmpM8p79fOy3KaM2Cfux/yyX9eyrE9pXz831VK38e1luU0ZsU/cL7nxWOwjsAmBeGO1zQ4eZvPN8hLPCHQU+MLskTu+b2Zbb57d9/hTi6zH75vtbF0927nvM4vXfKvp9dls5udn2/8OH+TC96bT6YV3Cj2yZHhZilomk0kY4YXvKupQjUdRiyLDx5PFVjUeRY4iQ+E6xvMti62ijjHOj+q8dRseCHQViGsFLmfaxFLupB/z0svtym/43DNuoH76husX2ZVf+8w7KnwdcaH/nXRmxo8AAggggAACCPQlwCKiL1lymwUuepG98rXfZQ/e8jZ7/8NP7Lfb8x+b+99utwd3Xmffe8UlzX15BwEEEEAAAQQQQGDjAtwTsfEpGHMBR98TsT/i8+fs7AfusLf+w9vs/v0Xvt5ufNtP2xt+6Lvt6q1nS1DKfRRPXw0liSQEAQQQQAABBBA4kQLxngg+iTiRp8G6Bn2JXXH6AzZ77Gft2svCqXbpFXbt6Yl9dH6Z0oN21003yBYQyhEqvr88S4a7KGqpb1Jsa62oQzUeRS2KDB9PFlvVeBQ5igyF6xjPtyy2ijrGOD+q89ZteCCgFgh/2anjyUMAAQQQQAABBBBAAIGxCbCIGNuMMh4EEEAAAQQQQAABBHoW4J6InoGJ35wA90Rszp4jI4AAAggggMC4BLgnYlzzyWjWIKC4VjdLhnMpalFcp6uoQzUeRS2KDB9PFlvVeBQ5igyF6xjPtyy2ijrGOD+q89ZteCCgFuByJrUoeQgggAACCCCAAAIIjFyARcTIJ5jhIYAAAggggAACCCCgFmARoRYlD4ETILCzs3MCRrmZIWLbjzuu/bh6KrbY9idAcmYBbqzOPDvU1kmAG6s78dEZAQQQQAABBBCYC3Bj9ZyCDQQQaCvAzX5t5Y7vh+3xRm1a4NpGbbU+2K7m1KYVtm3U6LMuAS5nWpc0xxmsgOJbQ7Jk+CQoalFMpqoORU6WDIWrao4VJtlqUfgqXLJkqOYni6tqPJnmR2FLBgJ9CbCI6EuWXAQQQAABBBBAAAEERirAPREjnViGZVbuiZhOp3OO7e3t/e22/9JU+nvIcRnetqlNyYnvxz5xfz4QMysZsZbYJ+63yfA+dc7u7q5tbW3No0otQx3PfCAHG5scT21b6vCyatt6LkrtR71WvxczfD/2ifulf2lb9pfVosgox2l69mP4o67jqLZ1LbWrt23KqPuUdk3HKRmxlphxVG31ayWn6Til7bLcpozYJ+6XbH8uGb5d17Ksj7dd1bY+VjlefZz6/VJLfD/WEvePyvDX6pxlfer+vl3qiBmxXWlbH6duU3Li+7GWuO+23LheS7K9SYF4T4TNDh5m883yEs8IDFrAz2nFeT2dTjs7ZMnwgShqmUwmKUxU41GYKDJ8PFlsVeNR5CgyFK5jPN+y2CrqGOP8qM5bt+GBQFeB+DcVlzNtcknHsRFAAAEEEEAAAQQQGKAAi4gBTholI4AAAggggAACCCCwSQHuidikPsfuVaDcEzGb+VVNPJQC/rWDXKerFF1kYbuwUG7hqtQ8nIXtYQ/lHrZKTbK6CsR7Ivgkoqso/UcvEG+EazPgLBleu6KWNgaxj6oORU6WjGjUdj/TeDLV0taz7pdlPIo6fFyqnNqozbaqDkVOlow2jvRBYJ0CLCLWqc2xEEAAAQQQQAABBBAYgQCLiBFMIkNAAAEEEEAAAQQQQGCdAtwTsU5tjrVWAe6JWCs3B0MAAQQQQACBEQtwT8SIJ5eh9SOQ5fpYRR0upMjxm/26PhR1qMajqEWR4ePJYqsajyJHkaFwHeP5lsVWUccY50d13roNDwTUAlzOpBYlDwEEEEAAAQQQQACBkQuwiBj5BDM8BBBAAAEEEEAAAQTUAiwi1KLkIXACBPiNiP4mGdt+bHHtx9VTscW2PwGSMwtwY3Xm2aG2TgLcWN2Jj84IIIAAAggggMBcgBur5xRsIIBAWwFu9msrd3w/bI83atMC1zZqq/XBdjWnNq2wbaNGn3UJcDnTuqQ5zmAFFN8akiXDJ0FRi2IyVXUocrJkKFxVc6wwyVaLwlfhkiVDNT9ZXFXjyTQ/ClsyEOhLgEVEX7LkIoAAAggggAACCCAwUgEWESOdWIaFAAIIIIAAAggggEBfAtxY3ZcsuRsXKDdWT6fTeS3b29v7220/ri79PeS4DG/b1KbkxPdjn7g/H4iZlYxYS+wT99tkeJ86Z3d317a2tuZRpZahjmc+kIONTY6nti11eFm1bT0XpfajXqvfixm+H/vE/dK/tC37y2pRZJTjND37MfxR13FU27qW2tXbNmXUfUq7puOUjFhLzDiqtvq1ktN0nNJ2WW5TRuwT90u2P5cM365rWdbH265qWx+rHK8+Tv1+qSW+H2uJ+0dl+Gt1zrI+dX/fLnXEjNiutK2PU7cpOfH9WEvcd1u+/aqWZHuTAvHGapsdPMzmm+UlnhEYtICf04rzejqddnbIkuEDUdQymUxSmKjGozBRZPh4stiqxqPIUWQoXMd4vmWxVdQxxvlRnbduwwOBrgLxbyouZ9rkko5jI4AAAggggAACCCAwQAEuZxrgpFHyagLlcqbZzD+Q4KEU8K8d5CN2pegiC9uFhXILV6Xm4SxsD3so97BVapLVVSBezsQnEV1F6T96gXgNa5sBZ8nw2hW1tDGIfVR1KHKyZESjtvuZxpOplraedb8s41HU4eNS5dRGbbZVdShysmS0caQPAusUYBGxTm2OhQACCCCAAAIIIIDACARYRIxgEhkCAggggAACCCCAAALrFGARsU5tjoUAAggggAACCCCAwAgEWESMYBIZAgIIIIAAAggggAAC6xRgEbFObY6FAAIIIIAAAggggMAIBFhEjGASGQICCCCAAAIIIIAAAusUYBGxTm2OhQACCCCAAAIIIIDACAT4sbkRTCJDOFqAH5s72oVXEUAAAQQQQACBCxXgx+YuVIz2CCCAAAIIIIAAAgggcEiAy5kOcbCDwDMFsvx6qaIOH50i57bbbnsm1AW+oqhDNR5FLYoMH08WW9V4FDmKDIXrGM+3LLaKOsY4P6rz1m14IKAWYBGhFiUPAQQQQAABBBBAAIGRC7CIGPkEMzwEEEAAAQQQQAABBNQC3FitFiUvjUC5sXo6nc5r2t7e3t9u+9F56e8hx2V426Y2JSe+H/vE/flAzKxkxFpin7jfJsP7rJLDeBa6zM/ComytalLaNz2XnHi+xfZZztlYV9xnPFFk8f9vcY7jnMb9Oqm4+mt1zrI+dX/fbsqI7Urb+jh1m5IT34+1xP2SW2exjcCmBOKN1TY7eJjNN8tLPCMwaAE/pxXn9XQ67eyQJcMHoqhlMpmkMFGNR2GiyPDxZLFVjUeRo8hQuI7xfMtiq6hjjPOjOm/dhgcCXQXi31RczrSp5RzHRQABBBBAAAEEEEBgoAIsIgY6cZSNAAIIIIAAAggggMCmBFhEbEqe4yIwYIGdnZ0BV5+7dGz7mR9c+3H1VGyx7U+A5MwCLCIyzw61IZBUgO8u729isO3HFtd+XD0VW2z7EyA5swCLiMyzQ20IIIAAAggggAACCCQUYBGRcFIoCQEEEEAAAQQQQACBzAL8TkTm2aG2TgLldyJmM/+mVx4IIIAAAggggAACbQXi70TwSURbSfqdGIH440BtBp4lw2tX1KK4BlpRh2o8iloUGT6eLLaq8ShyFBkK1zGeb1lsFXWMcX5U563b8EBALcAiQi1KHgIIIIAAAggggAACIxdgETHyCWZ4CCCAAAIIIIAAAgioBbgnQi1KXhoB7olIMxUUggACCCCAAAIDF+CeiIFPIOUjgAACCCCAAAIIILBpAS5n2vQMcHwEBijAzX79TRq2/dji2o+rp2KLbX8CJGcWYBGReXaoLYWA4ltDsmQ4qKIWxcSo6lDkZMlQuKrmWGGSrRaFr8IlS4ZqfrK4qsaTaX4UtmQg0JcAi4i+ZMlFAAEEEEAAAQQQQGCkAtxYPdKJZVhm5cbq6XQ659je3t7fbvsvTaW/hxyX4W2b2pSc+H7sE/fnAzGzkhFriX3ifpsM71Pn7O7u2tbW1jyq1DLU8cwHcrCxyfHUtqUOL6u2reei1H7Ua/V7McP3Y5+4X/qXtmV/WS2KjHKcpmc/hj/qOo5qW9dSu3rbpoy6T2nXdJySEWuJGUfVVr9WcpqOU9ouy23KiH3ifsn255Lh23Uty/p421Vt62OV49XHqd8vtcT3Yy1x/6gMf63OWdan7u/bpY6YEduVtvVx6jYlJ74fa4n7bruzs1NHsY3AxgTijdU2O3iYzTfLSzwjMGgBP6cV5/V0Ou3skCXDB6KoZTKZpDBRjUdhosjw8WSxVY1HkaPIULiO8XzLYquoY4zzozpv3YYHAl0F4t9UXM60sfUcB0YAAQQQQAABBBBAYJgCLCKGOW9UjQACCCCAAAIIIIDAxgRYRGyMngMjMFwBrtHtb+6w7ccW135cPRVbbPsTIDmzAIuIzLNDbQgkFeB74fubGGz7scW1H1dPxRbb/gRIzizAIiLz7FAbAggggAACCCCAAAIJBVhEJJwUSkIAAQQQQAABBBBAILMAvxOReXaorZNA+Z2I2cy/6ZUHAggggAACCCCAQFuB+DsRfBLRVpJ+J0Yg/jhQm4FnyfDaFbUoroFW1KEaj6IWRYaPJ4utajyKHEWGwnWM51sWW0UdY5wf1XnrNjwQUAuwiFCLkocAAggggAACCCCAwMgFWESMfILzDu+LtvvAGbv5msvNPx47deqVdvNdH7PdvbwVUxkCCCCAAAIIIIDA0wLcE8GZsAGBPTv/wDvt7/7dP7F/8vF32A3Pf7bZ3qft7h99tb37v32v3XPTy+1SQVXcEyFAJAIBBBBAAAEEEDDb/0ff+j5TPongtNiAwF/Yxz7wK/bI9g32Hb6A8MdFL7Dv+KHr7JF3fMg+9gQfR2xgUjgkAggggAACCCCwsgCLiJWpaLgWgd0/tk/9+RfXcqhVD6K44S9Lho9ZUYviZj9FHarxKGpRZPh4stiqxqPIUWQoXMd4vmWxVdQxxvlRnbduwwMBtQCLCLUoeSsIfJW9/Pt/yK48c7f97qMHC4a9XfvE7/6hXfm2m+z7r7hkhQyaIIAAAggggAACCGxK4OJNHZjjnmSBi+zSq/+R/eKtN9qVX/sVC4jr7rBHPqK5H2IRyhYCCCCAAAIIIICAWoBPItSi5K0g8Dl74O3fa9/+b15lD33+KfObdGazx+2h1/y+/Z1/cJc9fP6Z90Q8/Q1O/i1Oq/+3QiE0QQABBBBAAAEEEGghwLcztUCjS0eBJ87azVftmP3yb9vk2uctwppeP/hGgEXDC9uaTCbzDjs7O/vbba8zLf095LgMb9vUpuTE92OfuD8fiJmVjFhL7BP322R4n1VyFONRZBxnUhsctV1sYy2x7bpMGM9heebnsIfvNZnEczTu10klw1+rz/1lfer+Zbvk1Bnlvfp5WW5TRuwT92N+2a9rWdantK+fm2qp2/j2stymjNgn7pfceCz2EdiEgP9Dbv3tTL6z/zCbb5aXeEagB4GnZo/f9+bZll0927nvM4fzn3podsd1W7Otnftmjx9+p9Wen9OK83o6nbY6ft0pS4bXpKhlMpnUw2u1rahDNR5FLYoMH08WW9V4FDmKDIXrGM+3LLaKOsY4P6rz1m14INBVIP5NxeVMm1jKnehjXmSXvew7bHvrCITzj9kjD15u26/8m3bZEW/zEgIIIIAAAggggEAOARYROebhZFVx2cvsH9z6Mvvkvb9pZ889cTD2J+zh3/gVO3PlD9n3v/yrTpYHo0UAAQQQQAABBAYmwD0RA5uw8ZT7hJ07+xt2x1tvsdvu3zWzr7cb3/Z2+2ev+0674lLN2pZfrO7vbPHri8s1vv0d5WQmY9vPvOPaj6unYottfwIkZxKI90Ro/lrLNEJqGYjAZXbFtadt8tHHDr6d6UG766ZXyhYQSgTFjyBlyXAXRS0KX1UdipwsGQpX1RwrTLLVovBVuGTJUM1PFlfVeDLNj8KWDAT6EmAR0ZcsuQgggAACCCCAAAIIjFSARcRIJ5ZhIYAAAggggAACCCDQlwD3RPQlS+7GBbgnor8p4BpobPsT6CeZc7YfV0/FFtv+BEjOJMA9EZlmg1oGIZDl+lhFHQ6uyuk6eao6FDlZMrqalv6ZxpOpluLT5TnLeBR1uIMqp4upsg7FeLJkdDWlPwJ9C3A5U9/C5COAAAIIIIAAAgggMDIBFhEjm1CGgwACCCCAAAIIIIBA3wLcE9G3MPkbE+CeiI3Rc2AEEEAAAQQQGJkA90SMbEIZDgIIIIAAAggggAAC6xbgcqZ1i3M8BEYg4N/GwqMfAWxx7Uegv1TOWWz7EyA5swCLiMyzQ20pBLJ8U4eiDgdV5XSdHFUdipwsGV1NS/9M48lUS/Hp8pxlPIo63EGV08VUWYdiPFkyuprSH4G+BVhE9C1MPgIIIIAAAggggAACIxPgxuqRTSjDWQiUG6un0+n8xe3t7f3ttv/SVPp7yHEZ3rapTcmJ78c+cX8+EDMrGbGW2Cfut8nwPqvkMJ6FLvOzsChbq5qU9k3PJSeeb7F9lnM21hX3GU8UWfz/W5zjOKdxv04qrv5anbOsT93ft5syYrvStj5O3abkxPdjLXG/5NZZbCOwKYF4Y7XNDh5m883yEs8IDFrAz2nFeT2dTjs7ZMnwgShqmUwmKUxU41GYKDJ8PFlsVeNR5CgyFK5jPN+y2CrqGOP8qM5bt+GBQFeB+DcVlzNtajnHcRFAAAEEEEAAAQQQGKgAi4iBThxlI4AAAggggAACCCCwKQEWEZuS57gIDFhgZ2dnwNXnLh3bfuYH135cPRVbbPsTIDmzAIuIzLPTsban/t277H88dcr8RpiV/vvKN9iHP/NUx6PS/SQI8L3w/c0ytv3Y4tqPq6dii21/AiRnFmARkXl2qA0BBBBAAAEEEEAAgYQCLCISToqqpGd94xvsD2Yz/9qt+X9f+sTb7MX2Yrvxg/9x/tr8/c+/y777rz9LdXhyEEAAAQQQQAABBEYqwO9EjHRim4b15Qfeble97H32tz/4Ubvrhhc0NRvF6+V3InyRxAMBBBBAAAEEEECgvUD8nQg+iWhvSc8TIhB/HKjNsLNkeO2KWhTXQCvqUI1HUYsiw8eTxVY1HkWOIkPhOsbzLYutoo4xzo/qvHUbHgioBVhEqEXJQwABBBBAAAEEEEBg5AIsIkY+wQwPAQQQQAABBBBAAAG1APdEqEUz5X35vH32M5+3L1U1PfWH/9K+7bvO2Dfd8Rv2zusvr94xs1N/xZ773zzHLjl1+OWh7nFPxFBnjroRQAABBBBAIJtAvCeCRUS2GRLW8/RN1D9hf7Jy5mvtg4+9x27YunjlHpkbsojIPDvUhgACCCCAAAJDEoiLiHH8tTikGVhjrae+8gV2/Y032hOrHvOiq+yvj+VjiFXHTLtWAn6zH79S24ru2E7YHkvUqgGurdhW6oTtSkytGmHbio1OaxLgnog1QW/iMM+64jX27rvusrtW/e+Xfty+7bn8TkScK8W3hmTJ8LEpaolGbfZVdShysmS0cTyqT6bxZKrlKKsLfS3LeBR1+NhVORfqGNur6lDkZMmIRuwjkE2ARUS2GaEeBBBAAAEEEEAAAQSSC3BPRPIJ0pY3sy9/7o/s/7v3rP2/f/Dv7JE//y920XNfZC//W9fYK175t+yK5/xX2sNtOK3cEzGdTueVbG9v72+3/Zem0t9Djsvwtk1tSk58P/aJ+/OBmFnJiLXEPnG/TYb3qXN2d3dta2trHlVqGep45gM52NjkeGrbUoeXVdvWc1FqP+q1+r2Y4fuxT9wv/Uvbsr+sFkVGOU7Tsx/DH3UdR7Wta6ldvW1TRt2ntGs6TsmItcSMo2qrXys5TccpbZflNmXEPnG/ZPtzyfDtupZlfbztqrb1scrx6uPU75da4vuxlrh/VIa/Vucs61P39+1SR8yI7Urb+jh1m5IT34+1xH235dLRWpLtTQrEeyJsdvAwm2+Wl3gelcDe7EuP/c7sn1/zAv/55mf8d+k1b5397mNPjmrEZZxdBzWdTrtGzLJk+EAUtUwmkxQmqvEoTBQZPp4stqrxKHIUGQrXMZ5vWWwVdYxxflTnrdvwQKCrQFwrcDnTJpd06zz27D/Zb/6zN9jPfPy/t5t/7d/apz//JZvN9uxLn3/M/sPvvstu+LOJfc8/+hU79yVfX/BAAAEEEEAAAQQQQKBZgEVEs8243vnsH9rv/J8P29b/+uO28/0vt6+71L+Y65RdfOmW/XevOG03v+k6O/9//6ad/aMvjGvcjAYBBBBAAAEEEEBALsA9EXLSpIF/ca/9+Eu+y+5+/e/ZQz/zbfZXD5X5JftPv/5a+7of2LV3fvI37A3fePjdQ00HtFPuiZjN+HRlQNNGqQgggAACCCCQUCDeE8EnEQknqZeSnnu1veamV9l//rUz9uv/4fH9myKePs7Mvvyf/8D+r1/9qF36P/99e8WV/3Uvhx9yaLwRrs1YsmR47Ypa/LvLuz4UdajGo6hFkeHjyWKrGo8iR5GhcB3j+ZbFVlHHGOdHdd66DQ8E1AL82JxaNGve7L/YF77iBfay3ffZP/z6++2XX/sau/4lf83siXP2kV/9P+yjf/Jc+/bXPmYfec+/sI/sj+HZ9oLvvNFe843PyToi6kIAAQQQQAABBBDYkACLiA3Br/2we5+xP/iX77P7z/uR/8g++ou32kcPFXHe7v/Fn7b756+92G784N9nETH3YAMBBBBAAAEEEECgCHBPRJEY/fOX7fxnP2ufX/nbl55lf+W5z7PnXDLcK964J2L0JzUDRAABBBBAAIE1CXBPxJqg8x3mYrv0eV+z/wNh/iNhx//31YNeQCj9FdfqZslwF0Utiut0FXWoxqOoRZHh48liqxqPIkeRoXAd4/mWxVZRxxjnR3Xeug0PBNQCw/1nZrUEeQgggAACCCCAAAIIILCSAIuIlZhohAACCCCAAAIIIIAAAkWAeyKKBM+jE+CeiNFNKQNCAAEEEEAAgQ0JcE/EhuA5LAIIIIAAAggggAACYxHgcqaxzCTjQGCNAtzs1x82tv3Y4tqPq6dii21/AiRnFmARkXl2qC2FgOJbQ7JkOKiiFsXEqOpQ5GTJULiq5lhhkq0Wha/CJUuGan6yuKrGk2l+FLZkINCXAIuIvmTJRQABBBBAAAEEEEBgpAIsIkY6sQwLAQQQQAABBBBAAIG+BPh2pr5kyd24QPl2pul0Oq9le3t7f7vtx9Wlv4ccl+Ftm9qUnPh+7BP35wMxs5IRa4l94n6bDO9T5+zu7u7/YGHJKrUMdTxlHOV5k+OpbUsdXldtW89FXXPdprzuzyUnvh9z4v5RGf5anRP7xP02GXWfo7b9GP6o62hqV9rUrt62KSPWH/fr45SMWMuyPnX/sl1ySq3l9fi8LLcpI/aJ+/UxSoa/VteyrI+3XdW2PpZvL8sttdR1HNVnlQzvV+cs63NUjeW1OqO8Vj8vy207Hrfd2dmpD8M2AhsTiN/OZLODh9l8s7zEMwKDFvBzWnFeT6fTzg5ZMnwgilomk0kKE9V4FCaKDB9PFlvVeBQ5igyF6xjPtyy2ijrGOD+q89ZteCDQVSD+TcXlTBtbz3FgBBBAAAEEEEAAAQSGKcDlTMOcN6peQaBc/IoK1wAAIABJREFUzjSb+QcSPJQC/pWOfMSuFF1kYbuwUG7hqtQ8nIXtYQ/lHrZKTbK6CsTLmfgkoqso/UcvcNx1sKsAZMnwWhW1rDLm49qo6lDkZMk4zmzV9zONJ1Mtq/ota5dlPIo6fJyqnGVmq7ynqkORkyVjFTfaILBJARYRm9Tn2AgggAACCCCAAAIIDFCARcQAJ42SEUAAAQQQQAABBBDYpAD3RGxSn2P3KsA9Ef3xcp0utv0J9JPMOduPq6dii21/AiRnEuCeiEyzQS2DEMhyfayiDgdX5XSdPFUdipwsGV1NS/9M48lUS/Hp8pxlPIo63EGV08VUWYdiPFkyuprSH4G+BbicqW9h8hFAAAEEEEAAAQQQGJkAi4iRTSjDQQABBBBAAAEEEECgbwEWEX0Lk48AAggggAACCCCAwMgEuLF6ZBPKcBYC3Fi9sGALAQQQQAABBBDoIsCN1V306IsAAggggAACCCCAAALG5UycBAgcI5DlmzoUdfhQFTn+lY5dH4o6VONR1KLI8PFksVWNR5GjyFC4jvF8y2KrqGOM86M6b92GBwJqARYRalHyEEAAAQQQQAABBBAYuQCLiJFPMMNDAAEEEEAAAQQQQEAtwI3ValHy0giUG6un0+m8pu3t7f3tth+dl/4eclyGt21qU3Li+7FP3J8PxMxKRqwl9on7bTK8zyo5jGehy/wsLMrWqialfdNzyYnnW2yf5ZyNdcV9xhNFFv//Fuc4zmncr5OKq79W5yzrU/f37aaM2K60rY9Ttyk58f1YS9wvuXUW2whsSiDeWG2zg4fZfLO8xDMCgxbwc1pxXk+n084OWTJ8IIpaJpNJChPVeBQmigwfTxZb1XgUOYoMhesYz7cstoo6xjg/qvPWbXgg0FUg/k3F5UybWs5xXAQQQAABBBBAAAEEBirA5UwDnTjKPl6gXM40m/kHEjyUAv6NITs7O8pIsg4EsO3nVMC1H1dPxRbb/gRIziQQL2fik4hMs0MtKQXiNaxtisyS4bUralEsIBR1qMajqEWR4ePJYqsajyJHkaFwHeP5lsVWUccY50d13roNDwTUAiwi1KLkIXACBPxfHnn0I4Atrv0I9JfKOYttfwIkZxZgEZF5dqgNAQQQQAABBBBAAIGEAtwTkXBSKEkjwD0RGsejUrgG+igVzWvYahxjCq5RRLePrc4yJmEbRdjfpAD3RGxSn2MPUkBxrW6WDJ8ARS2K63QVdajGo6hFkeHjyWKrGo8iR5GhcB3j+ZbFVlHHGOdHdd66DQ8E1AJczqQWJQ+BEyDg/zrGox8BbHHtR6C/VM5ZbPsTIDmzAIuIzLNDbQgggAACCCCAAAIIJBRgEZFwUk5KSXu7H7O7bn6l+TV2p05dbtfcfMYe2P3iSRk+40QAAQQQQAABBAYrwI3Vg526YRe+9+jd9qP/02/Z3/7w7Xb6qsvMzj9sd7/1jfbqT77GHvnIabtCsLzlxuphnyNUjwACCCCAAAJ5BOKN1Swi8szNCarks3b25u+yH7bb7OHJtXZZGfkTZ+3mq3bMfvm3bXLt88qrrZ9ZRLSmoyMCCCCAAAIIIHBIIC4iBP/eeyifHQSOF3jiD+3eM2bbr/ybiwWE97rsWps89gnJAuL4IlZvofjWkCwZPmpFLYobKRV1qMajqEWR4ePJYqsajyJHkaFwHeP5lsVWUccY50d13roNDwTUAiwi1KLkHSuw9+efsk/uvsiu/GuP2tk7b7Zr9u+J+Ab7kbffa+fO7x3bnwYIIIAAAggggAACmxVgEbFZ/xN49D07/2d/bA/an9qZm37KfveFb7D7ZjObzX7f3vxVH7C/88YP2aOsI07gecGQEUAAAQQQQGBIAtwTMaTZGkWte/bE2Vvsqle8377hjrP2kdNX2Xwlu+SeiHJ/QxuCyWQy71Z+uKftR8Slvwcel+Ftm9qUnPh+7BP35wMJP0pW58Q+cb9NhvdZJaeu46g+68rwY9e1LDtu7VG2vX3MKO/Vz8tymzJin7gf88s+4ykSix/kq00W7y62VrGNGbFP3F+kL+rw1+qcZX3q/mXb28eM8l79vCy3KSP2ifsxv+wzniKxmOfaZPHuYmsV25gR+8R9T/fXeCCQQSDeE2Gzg4fZfLO8xDMCPQg8NXv8vjfPtuzq2c59nzmc/9RDszuue/Hsujsemj11+J2Zn59t/wtRF7w7nU4vuE/skCXD61LUMplM4hAveF9Rh2o8iloUGT6eLLaq8ShyFBkK1zGeb1lsFXWMcX5U563b8ECgq0BcK8z/ETjDCocaToLARXbZy77DtrcubKyz/Uue/LKn1f+7sCPQGgEEEEAAAQQQQGBVARYRq0rRTidw6Yvtm6//Sztz7x/aE3Xq+cfskQevsu/8xq9ZXOJUv882AggggAACCCCAQAoBFhEppuGEFXHRC+y6HzttV972DvtXD3zu6cHv7drH7rjLPnj9aftf/ofnnDAQhosAAggggAACCAxLgEXEsOZrJNVeZJde/Ua755F/YvaubzO/UefUs66zX3jqB+3/eef32PM5K0cyzwwDAQQQQAABBMYqcPFYB8a4sgtcZJde8Uq76S7/L3ut1IcAAggggAACCCBQC/BvvrUG2wgggAACCCCAAAIIIHCsAIuIY4logAACUYDvLY8iun1sdZZ1Eq61hnYbW61nnYZtrcF2NgEWEdlmhHoQGIBA/MGkAZQ8mBKx7WeqcO3H1VOxxbY/AZIzC7CIyDw71IYAAggggAACCCCAQEIBFhEJJ4WSEEAAAQQQQAABBBDILMAiIvPsUBsCSQW4Tre/icG2H1tc+3H1VGyx7U+A5MwCp2az2cwL9O/qP9jMXC+1IbCygJ/T/uC8XpmMhggggAACCCCAwJECca3AJxFHMvEiAggsE+BGymU63d7DtptfU29cm2S6v45td8OmBGybZHg9gwCLiAyzQA2pBc6cOdO5viwZPhBFLZ1BhHUoxpMlQ+GqmmOFSbZaFL4KlywZqvnJ4qoaT6b5UdiSgUBfAiwi+pIlFwEEEEAAAQQQQACBkQqwiBjpxDIsBBBAAAEEEEAAAQT6EuDG6r5kyd24QLmxejqdzmvZ3t7e3277cXXp7yHHZXjbpjYlJ74f+8T9+UDMrGTEWmKfuN8mw/vUObu7u7a1tTWPKrUMdTzzgRxsbHI8tW2pw8uqbeu5KLUf9Vr9Xszw/dgn7pf+pW3ZX1aLIqMcp+nZj+GPuo6j2ta11K7etimj7lPaNR2nZMRaYsZRtdWvlZym45S2y3KbMmKfuF+y/blk+HZdy7I+3nZV2/pY5Xj1cer3Sy3x/VhL3D8qw1+rc5b1qfv7dqkjZsR2pW19nLpNyYnvx1rivtvy7Ve1JNubFIg3Vvs31+w/nv4Sm7LHMwLDF/BzWnFeT6fTzhhZMnwgilomk0kKE9V4FCaKDB9PFlvVeBQ5igyF6xjPtyy2ijrGOD+q89ZteCDQVSD+TcXlTJtc0nFsBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQGKMDlTAOcNEpeTaBczsTvRKzmdSGt/GsH+Yj9QsRWb4vt6lYX0hLXC9G6sLbYXpjXhbTG9kK0aNu3QLyciU8i+hYnf/AC8RrWNgPKkuG1K2ppYxD7qOpQ5GTJiEZt9zONJ1MtbT3rflnGo6jDx6XKqY3abKvqUORkyWjjSB8E1inAImKd2hwLAQQQQAABBBBAAIERCLCIGMEkMgQEEEAAAQQQQAABBNYpwD0R69TmWGsV4J6I/ri5Thfb/gT6Seac7cfVU7HFtj8BkjMJcE9EptmglkEIZLk+VlGHg6tyuk6eqg5FTpaMrqalf6bxZKql+HR5zjIeRR3uoMrpYqqsQzGeLBldTemPQN8CXM7UtzD5CCCAAAIIIIAAAgiMTIBFxMgmlOEggAACCCCAAAIIINC3AIuIvoXJRwABBBBAAAEEEEBgZALcWD2yCWU4CwFurF5YsIUAAggggAACCHQR4MbqLnr0RQABBBBAAAEEEEAAAeNyJk4CBI4RyPJNHYo6fKiKHP9Kx64PRR2q8ShqUWT4eLLYqsajyFFkKFzHeL5lsVXUMcb5UZ23bsMDAbUAiwi1KHkIIIAAAggggAACCIxcgEXEyCeY4SGAAAIIIIAAAgggoBbgxmq1KHlpBMqN1dPpdF7T9vb2/nbbj85Lfw85LsPbNrUpOfH92CfuzwdiZiUj1hL7xP02Gd5nlRzGs9BlfhYWZWtVk9K+6bnkxPMtts9yzsa64j7jiSKL/3+LcxznNO7XScXVX6tzlvWp+/t2U0ZsV9rWx6nblJz4fqwl7pfcOottBDYlEG+sttnBw2y+WV7iGYFBC/g5rTivp9NpZ4csGT4QRS2TySSFiWo8ChNFho8ni61qPIocRYbCdYznWxZbRR1jnB/Vees2PBDoKhD/puJypk0t5zguAggggAACCCCAAAIDFeBypoFOHGUfL1AuZ5rN/AMJHkoB/8aQnZ0dZSRZBwLY9nMq4NqPq6dii21/AiRnEoiXM/FJRKbZoZaUAvEa1jZFZsnw2hW1KBYQijpU41HUosjw8WSxVY1HkaPIULiO8XzLYquoY4zzozpv3YYHAmoBFhFqUfIQOAEC/i+PPPoRwBbXfgT6S+WcxbY/AZIzC7CIyDw71IYAAggggAACCCCAQEIBFhEJJ4WSEEAAAQQQQAABBBDILMCN1Zlnh9o6CXBjdSc+OiOAAAIIIIAAAnMBbqyeU7CBwGoCihv+smT4iBW1KK6BVtShGo+iFkWGjyeLrWo8ihxFhsJ1jOdbFltFHWOcH9V56zY8EFALcDmTWpQ8BBBAAAEEEEAAAQRGLsAiYuQTzPAQQAABBBBAAAEEEFALcE+EWpS8NALcE5FmKigEAQQQQAABBAYuwD0RA59AykcAAQQQQAABBBBAYNMCXM606Rng+AgMUICb/fqbNGz7scW1H1dPxRbb/gRIzizAIiLz7FBbCgHFt4ZkyXBQRS2KiVHVocjJkqFwVc2xwiRbLQpfhUuWDNX8ZHFVjSfT/ChsyUCgLwEWEX3JkosAAggggAACCCCAwEgFuLF6pBPLsMzKjdXT6XTOsb29vb/d9l+aSn8POS7D2za1KTnx/dgn7s8HYmYlI9YS+8T9NhneZ5UcxrPQZX4WFmVrVZPSvum55MTzLbbPcs7GuuI+44kii/9/i3Mc5zTu10nF1V+rc5b1qfv7dlNGbFfa1sep25Sc+H6sJe6X3DqLbQQ2JRBvrLbZwcNsvlle4hmBQQv4Oa04r6fTaWeHLBk+EEUtk8kkhYlqPAoTRYaPJ4utajyKHEWGwnWM51sWW0UdY5wf1XnrNjwQ6CoQ/6bicqZNLec4LgIIIIAAAggggAACAxVgETHQiaNsBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQ2JcA9EZuS57i9C5R7ImYzv6qJBwIIIIAAAggggEBbgXhPBJ9EtJWk34kRiDfCtRl4lgyvXVGL4nvhFXWoxqOoRZHh48liqxqPIkeRoXAd4/mWxVZRxxjnR3Xeug0PBNQCLCLUouQhgAACCCCAAAIIIDByARYRI59ghocAAggggAACCCCAgFqAeyLUouSlEeCeiDRTQSEIIIAAAgggMHAB7okY+ARS/voFFNfqZslwPUUtiut0FXWoxqOoRZHh48liqxqPIkeRoXAd4/mWxVZRxxjnR3Xeug0PBNQCXM6kFiUPAQQQQAABBBBAAIGRC7CIGPkEMzwEEEAAAQQQQAABBNQC3BOhFiUvjQD3RKSZCgpBAAEEEEAAgYELcE/EwCeQ8hFAAAEEEEAAAQQQ2LQAlzNtegY4PgIDFOBmv/4mDdt+bHHtx9VTscW2PwGSMwuwiMg8O9SWQkDxrSFZMhxUUYtiYlR1KHKyZChcVXOsMMlWi8JX4ZIlQzU/WVxV48k0PwpbMhDoS4BFRF+y5CKAAAIIIIAAAgggMFIBFhEjnViGhQACCCCAAAIIIIBAXwJ8O1NfsuRuXKB8O9N0Op3Xsr29vb/d9uPq0t9Djsvwtk1tSk58P/aJ+/OBmFnJiLXEPnG/TYb3qXN2d3dta2trHlVqGep45gM52NjkeGrbUoeXVdvWc1FqP+q1+r2Y4fuxT9wv/Uvbsr+sFkVGOU7Tsx/DH3UdR7Wta6ldvW1TRt2ntGs6TsmItcSMo2qrXys5TccpbZflNmXEPnG/ZPtzyfDtupZlfbztqrb1scrx6uPU75da4vuxlrh/VIa/Vucs61P39+1SR8yI7Urb+jh1m5IT34+1xH233dnZqaPYRmBjAvHbmWx28DCbb5aXeEZg0AJ+TivO6+l02tkhS4YPRFHLZDJJYaIaj8JEkeHjyWKrGo8iR5GhcB3j+ZbFVlHHGOdHdd66DQ8EugrEv6m4nGlj6zkOjAACCCCAAAIIIIDAMAW4nGmY80bVKwiUy5lmM/9AgodSwL/SkY/YlaKLLGwXFsotXJWah7OwPeyh3MNWqUlWV4F4OROfRHQVpf/oBeI1rG0GnCXDa1fU0sYg9lHVocjJkhGN2u5nGk+mWtp61v2yjEdRh49LlVMbtdlW1aHIyZLRxpE+CKxTgEXEOrU5FgIIIIAAAggggAACIxBgETGCSWQICCCAAAIIIIAAAgisU4B7ItapzbHWKsA9Ef1xc50utv0J9JPMOduPq6dii21/AiRnEuCeiEyzQS2DEMhyfayiDgdX5XSdPFUdipwsGV1NS/9M48lUS/Hp8pxlPIo63EGV08VUWYdiPFkyuprSH4G+BbicqW9h8hFAAAEEEEAAAQQQGJkAi4iRTegwh/NFe/Tu19vll7/Fzj6xN8whUDUCCCCAAAIIIHCCBLgn4gRNdtah7j16t/3oN73a7rQ3230P32rXXqZZ23JPRH8zzjXQ2PYn0E8y52w/rp6KLbb9CZCcSSDeE8EiItPsnMRazv97u/Mfv9bO/Me/tPsfuY5FxEk8BxgzAggggAACCKQXiIsIzT/5ph82BeYU+Jw98L6ftFsufp295QdflLNEqkIAAQQQQAABBBB4hgCLiGeQ8MJ6BPbs/AO/ZDe944X2np/5e/Y3nrWeo7Y5SpZv6lDU4eNX5PjlC10fijpU41HUosjw8WSxVY1HkaPIULiO8XzLYquoY4zzozpv3YYHAmoBFhFqUfJWEzj/CXvfTb9nr7rnVrvh+c9erQ+tEEAAAQQQQAABBFIIXJyiCoo4WQJ7n7a73/hj9luveq/dc/VzzOzJY8dfbpI+tiENEEAAAQQQQAABBHoX4Mbq3ok5wGEB/zrXN9k3vfvFds89b7SrL/UPw560c3feaFfe8pLGG6u7LCImk8m8hJ2dnf3tth8Rl/4eclyGt21qU3Li+7FP3J8PxMxKRqwl9on7bTK8zyo5ivEoMo4zqQ2O2i62sZbYdl0mjOewPPNz2MP3mkziORr366SS4a/V5/6yPnX/sl1y6ozyXv28LLcpI/aJ+zG/7Ne1LOtT2tfPTbXUbXx7WW5TRuwT90tuPBb7CGxCIN5YbbODh9l8s7zEMwJ6gacemt1x3dbMz7ej/9uaXXfHQ7OnBEcu+V2jptNp14hZlgwfiKKWyWSSwkQ1HoWJIsPHk8VWNR5FjiJD4TrG8y2LraKOMc6P6rx1Gx4IdBWIawXuidjEUu4kH/Oiq+z0vY/5irX67wv2yB3fZ7b1Zrvv8T+ze09fZZyYJ/kkYewIIIAAAgggkF2Av9WyzxD1IYAAAggggAACCCCQTIB7IpJNyMks5/h7Itq4lPso/FMPHggggAACCCCAAALtBeI9EXwS0d6SnjKBS+yK0x+w2WM/a9delu+UVHx/eZYMnzJFLfVNim1PA0UdqvEoalFk+Hiy2KrGo8hRZChcx3i+ZbFV1DHG+VGdt27DAwG1QL6/2NQjJA8BBBBAAAEEEEAAAQSkAiwipJyEIYAAAggggAACCCAwfgHuiRj/HJ/YEXJPxImdegaOAAIIIIAAAmIB7okQgxI3fgHFtbpZMny2FLUortNV1KEaj6IWRYaPJ4utajyKHEWGwnWM51sWW0UdY5wf1XnrNjwQUAtwOZNalDwEEEAAAQQQQAABBEYuwCJi5BPM8BBAAAEEEEAAAQQQUAtwT4RalLw0AtwTkWYqKAQBBBBAAAEEBi7APREDn0DKRwABBBBAAAEEEEBg0wJczrTpGeD4CAxQgJv9+ps0bPuxxbUfV0/FFtv+BEjOLMAiIvPsUFsKAcW3hmTJcFBFLYqJUdWhyMmSoXBVzbHCJFstCl+FS5YM1fxkcVWNJ9P8KGzJQKAvARYRfcmSiwACCCCAAAIIIIDASAW4sXqkE8uwzMqN1dPpdM6xvb29v932X5pKfw85LsPbNrUpOfH92CfuzwdiZiUj1hL7xP02Gd5nlRzGs9BlfhYWZWtVk9K+6bnkxPMtts9yzsa64j7jiSKL/3+LcxznNO7XScXVX6tzlvWp+/t2U0ZsV9rWx6nblJz4fqwl7pfcOottBDYlEG+sttnBw2y+WV7iGYFBC/g5rTivp9NpZ4csGT4QRS2TySSFiWo8ChNFho8ni61qPIocRYbCdYznWxZbRR1jnB/Vees2PBDoKhD/puJypk0t5zguAggggAACCCCAAAIDFWARMdCJo2wEEEAAAQQQQAABBDYlwD0Rm5LnuL0LlHsiZjO/qokHAggggAACCCCAQFuBeE8En0S0laTfiRGIN8K1GXiWDK9dUYvie+EVdajGo6hFkeHjyWKrGo8iR5GhcB3j+ZbFVlHHGOdHdd66DQ8E1AIsItSi5CGAAAIIIIAAAgggMHIBFhEjn2CGhwACCCCAAAIIIICAWoB7ItSi5KUR4J6INFNBIQgggAACCCAwcAHuiRj4BFL++gUU1+pmyXA9RS2K63QVdajGo6hFkeHjyWKrGo8iR5GhcB3j+ZbFVlHHGOdHdd66DQ8E1AJczqQWJQ8BBBBAAAEEEEAAgZELsIgY+QQzPAQQQAABBBBAAAEE1ALcE6EWJS+NAPdEpJkKCkEAAQQQQACBgQtwT8TAJ5DyEUAAAQQQQAABBBDYtACXM216Bjg+AgMU4Ga//iYN235sce3H1VOxxbY/AZIzC7CIyDw71JZCQPGtIVkyHFRRi2JiVHUocrJkKFxVc6wwyVaLwlfhkiVDNT9ZXFXjyTQ/ClsyEOhLgEVEX7LkIoAAAggggAACCCAwUgEWESOdWIaFAAIIIIAAAggggEBfAnw7U1+y5G5coHw703Q6ndeyvb29v9324+rS30OOy/C2TW1KTnw/9on784GYWcmItcQ+cb9Nhvepc3Z3d21ra2seVWoZ6njmAznY2OR4attSh5dV29ZzUWo/6rX6vZjh+7FP3C/9S9uyv6wWRUY5TtOzH8MfdR1Hta1rqV29bVNG3ae0azpOyYi1xIyjaqtfKzlNxyltl+U2ZcQ+cb9k+3PJ8O26lmV9vO2qtvWxyvHq49Tvl1ri+7GWuH9Uhr9W5yzrU/f37VJHzIjtStv6OHWbkhPfj7XEfbfd2dmpo9hGYGMC8duZbHbwMJtvlpd4RmDQAn5OK87r6XTa2SFLhg9EUctkMklhohqPwkSR4ePJYqsajyJHkaFwHeP5lsVWUccY50d13roNDwS6CsS/qbicaWPrOQ6MAAIIIIAAAggggMAwBbicaZjzRtUrCJTLmWYz/0CCh1LAv9KRj9iVoossbBcWyi1clZqHs7A97KHcw1apSVZXgXg5E59EdBWl/+gF4jWsbQacJcNrV9TSxiD2UdWhyMmSEY3a7mcaT6Za2nrW/bKMR1GHj0uVUxu12VbVocjJktHGkT4IrFOARcQ6tTkWAggggAACCCCAAAIjEGARMYJJZAgIIIAAAggggAACCKxTgHsi1qnNsdYqwD0R/XFznS62/Qn0k8w524+rp2KLbX8CJGcS4J6ITLNBLYMQyHJ9rKIOB1fldJ08VR2KnCwZXU1L/0zjyVRL8enynGU8ijrcQZXTxVRZh2I8WTK6mtIfgb4FuJypb2HyEUAAAQQQQAABBBAYmQCLiJFNKMNBAAEEEEAAAQQQQKBvARYRfQuTjwACCCCAAAIIIIDAyAS4sXpkE8pwFgLcWL2wYAsBBBBAAAEEEOgiwI3VXfToiwACCCCAAAIIIIAAAsblTJwECBwjkOWbOhR1+FAVOf6Vjl0fijpU41HUosjw8WSxVY1HkaPIULiO8XzLYquoY4zzozpv3YYHAmoBFhFqUfIQQAABBBBAAAEEEBi5AIuIkU8ww0MAAQQQQAABBBBAQC3AjdVqUfLSCJQbq6fT6bym7e3t/e22H52X/h5yXIa3bWpTcuL7sU/cnw/EzEpGrCX2ifttMrzPKjmMZ6HL/CwsytaqJqV903PJiedbbJ/lnI11xX3GE0UW//8W5zjOadyvk4qrv1bnLOtT9/ftpozYrrStj1O3KTnx/VhL3C+5dRbbCGxKIN5YbbODh9l8s7zEMwKDFvBzWnFeT6fTzg5ZMnwgilomk0kKE9V4FCaKDB9PFlvVeBQ5igyF6xjPtyy2ijrGOD+q89ZteCDQVSD+TcXlTJtaznFcBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQGKsDlTAOdOMo+XqBczjSb+QcSPJQC/o0hOzs7ykiyDgSw7edUwLUfV0/FFtv+BEjOJBAvZ+KTiEyzQy0pBeI1rG2KzJLhtStqUSwgFHWoxqOoRZHh48liqxqPIkeRoXAd4/mWxVZRxxjnR3Xeug0PBNQCLCLUouQhcAIE/F8eefQjgC2u/Qj0l8o5i21/AiRnFmARkXl2qA0BBBBAAAEEEEAAgYQCLCISTgolIYAAAggggAACCCCQWYBFRObZoTYEEEAAAQQQQAABBBIKsIhIOCmUhAACCCCAAAIIIIBAZgEWEZlnh9oQQAABBBBAAAEEEEgowCIi4aRQEgIIIIAAAggggAACmQX4sbnMs0NtnQT4sblOfHRGAAEEEEAAAQTmAvzY3JyCDQT/mrhGAAAgAElEQVQQQAABBBBAAAEEEGgjwOVMbdTog8AJF+DHpfo7AbDtxxbXflw9FVts+xMgObMAi4jMs0NtKQTOnDnTuY4sGT4QRS2dQYR1KMaTJUPhqppjhUm2WhS+CpcsGar5yeKqGk+m+VHYkoFAXwIsIvqSJRcBBBBAAAEEEEAAgZEKcGP1SCeWYZmVG6un0+mcY3t7e3+77b80lf4eclyGt21qU3Li+7FP3J8PxMxKRqwl9on7bTK8zyo5jGehy/wsLMrWqialfdNzyYnnW2yf5ZyNdcV9xhNFFv//Fuc4zmncr5OKq79W5yzrU/f37aaM2K60rY9Ttyk58f1YS9wvuXUW2whsSiDeWG2zg4fZfLO8xDMCgxbwc1pxXk+n084OWTJ8IIpaJpNJChPVeBQmigwfTxZb1XgUOYoMhesYz7cstoo6xjg/qvPWbXgg0FUg/k3F5UybWs5xXAQQQAABBBBAAAEEBirAImKgE0fZCCCAAAIIIIAAAghsSoBFxKbkOS4CAxbY2dkZcPW5S8e2n/nBtR9XT8UW2/4ESM4swCIi8+xQGwJJBfhe+P4mBtt+bHHtx9VTscW2PwGSMwuwiMg8O9SGAAIIIIAAAggggEBCARYRCSeFkhBAAAEEEEAAAQQQyCzAIiLz7FAbAkkFuAa6v4nBth9bXPtx9VRsse1PgOTMAiwiMs8OtSGQVIBroPubGGz7scW1H1dPxRbb/gRIzizAIiLz7FAbAggggAACCCCAAAIJBVhEJJyUE1HS+XN29s6b7ZpTp8x/Rv3UqW+wH3n7vXbu/N6JGD6DRAABBBBAAAEEhixwyn8C2wfgf8gdbA55PNQ+BIG9T9vdP/rd9vovv84+9PM/ai/ferbt7f6+vfMnX2dvu/in7eP/+w32fMHy1s9pf3BeD+GkoEYEEEAAAQQQyCwQ1wosIjLP1khr2zt3p11/5Xvtpff9tk2ufd58lE2vzxtc4AaLiAsEozkCCCCAAAIIINAgEBcRgn/vbTgSLyPQIHDRFaft3tknDi0gFk0fs09+6rOW6aKmM2fOLMpruZUlw8tX1KK4kVJRh2o8iloUGT6eLLaq8ShyFBkK1zGeb1lsFXWMcX5U563b8EBALcAiQi1KXkeBb7XXfOsLjROzIyPdEUAAAQQQQACBHgX4W61HXKIvQGDv0/ahye324OkfsFe+5JIL6EhTBBBAAAEEEEAAgXULcE/EusU53hECT9jDd/5Tu/bM19kv/+qb7dqtZz+jTbm/4RlvrPDCZDKZtyo/itT2I+LS3wOPy/C2TW1KTnw/9on784GEH3iqc2KfuN8mw/usklPXcVSfdWX4setalh239ijb3j5mlPfq52W5TRmxT9yP+WWf8RSJxY+b1SaLdxdbq9jGjNgn7i/SF3X4a3XOsj51/7Lt7WNGea9+XpbblBH7xP2YX/YZT5FYzHNtsnh3sbWKbcyIfeK+p/trPBDIIBDvifBvrtl/PP0lNmWPZwTWJfD47KE7Ts+2tk7P7njo8caD+vnZ9r/G0BXfmE6nK7ZsbpYlwytU1DKZTJoHu+I7ijpU41HUosjw8WSxVY1HkaPIULiO8XzLYquoY4zzozpv3YYHAl0F4lrh4gwrG2o4oQJ7u/axd/6kfc/bLrZbz95up6+6rBGizde0dvn0orEQ3kAAAQQQQAABBBDg/lXOgc0I7O3+a3vLK662b/7N59t77l++gNhMhRwVAQQQQAABBBBAoEmATyKaZHi9P4HzH7N3/OCP2M89coN98OM/ZTc8/5n3QPR3cJIRQAABBBBAAAEEugrw7UxdBel/gQJP2rkPvN1+4v5ds91fsFd/7Vfs/1q6X3pU/rv85rP2xAWm0hwBBBBAAAEEEEBgfQJ8ErE+a460L3CJXXH6AzY7DQcCCCCAAAIIIIDAUAX4JGKoM0fdCCCAAAIIIIAAAghsSIBFxIbgOSwCCCCAAAIIIIAAAkMV4Mfmhjpz1H2sQPmK1zZfD3ts+Alv4D+YxA8g9XMSYItrPwL9pXLOYtufAMmZBPzvqvpvKj6JyDQ71JJS4MyZM53rypLhA1HU0hlEWIdiPFkyFK6qOVaYZKtF4atwyZKhmp8srqrxZJofhS0ZCPQlwCKiL1lyEUAAAQQQQAABBBAYqQCLiJFOLMNCAAEEEEAAAQQQQKAvAe6J6EuW3I0LcE/ExqeAAhBAAAEEEEBgJALcEzGSiWQYCCCAAAIIIIAAAghsSoDLmTYlz3EHI5DlJjtFHY6uyPFvY+n6UNShGo+iFkWGjyeLrWo8ihxFhsJ1jOdbFltFHWOcH9V56zY8EFALsIhQi5KHAAIIIIAAAggggMDIBVhEjHyCGR4CCCCAAAIIIIAAAmoBbqxWi5KXRqDcWD2dTuc1bW9v72+3/ei89PeQ4zK8bVObkhPfj33i/nwgZlYyYi2xT9xvk+F9VslhPAtd5mdhUbZWNSntm55LTjzfYvss52ysK+4zniiy+P+3OMdxTuN+nVRc/bU6Z1mfur9vN2XEdqVtfZy6TcmJ78da4n7JrbPYRmBTAvHGav/luf2H2XyzvMQzAoMW8HNacV5Pp9PODlkyfCCKWiaTSQoT1XgUJooMH08WW9V4FDmKDIXrGM+3LLaKOsY4P6rz1m14INBVIP5NxeVMm1rOcVwEEEAAAQQQQAABBAYqwOVMA504yj5eoFzONJv5BxI8lAL+jSE7OzvKSLIOBLDt51TAtR9XT8UW2/4ESM4kEC9n4pOITLNDLSkF4jWsbYrMkuG1K2pRLCAUdajGo6hFkeHjyWKrGo8iR5GhcB3j+ZbFVlHHGOdHdd66DQ8E1AIsItSi5CFwAgT8Xx559COALa79CPSXyjmLbX8CJGcWYBGReXaoDQEEEEAAAQQQQACBhAIsIhJOCiUhgAACCCCAAAIIIJBZgEVE5tmhNgQQQAABBBBAAAEEEgqwiEg4KZSEAAIIIIAAAggggEBmARYRmWeH2hBAAAEEEEAAAQQQSCjAIiLhpFASAggggAACCCCAAAKZBfixucyzQ22dBPixuU58dEYAAQQQQAABBOYC/NjcnIINBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQQaCPA5Uxt1OiDwAkX4Mel+jsBsO3HFtd+XD0VW2z7EyA5swCLiMyzQ20pBM6cOdO5jiwZPhBFLZ1BhHUoxpMlQ+GqmmOFSbZaFL4KlywZqvnJ4qoaT6b5UdiSgUBfAiwi+pIlFwEEEEAAAQQQQACBkQpwY/VIJ5ZhmZUbq6fT6Zxje3t7f7vtvzSV/h5yXIa3bWpTcuL7sU/cnw/EzEpGrCX2ifttMrzPKjmMZ6HL/CwsytaqJqV903PJiedbbJ/lnI11xX3GE0UW//8W5zjOadyvk4qrv1bnLOtT9/ftpozYrrStj1O3KTnx/VhL3C+5dRbbCGxKIN5YbbODh9l8s7zEMwKDFvBzWnFeT6fTzg5ZMnwgilomk0kKE9V4FCaKDB9PFlvVeBQ5igyF6xjPtyy2ijrGOD+q89ZteCDQVSD+TcXlTJtaznFcBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQGKsAiYqATR9kIIIAAAggggAACCGxKgEXEpuQ5LgIDFtjZ2Rlw9blLx7af+cG1H1dPxRbb/gRIzizAIiLz7FAbAkkF+F74/iYG235sce3H1VOxxbY/AZIzC7CIyDw71IYAAggggAACCCCAQEIBFhEJJ4WSEEAAAQQQQAABBBDILMDvRGSeHWrrJFB+J2I282965YEAAggggAACCCDQViD+TgSfRLSVpN+JEYg/DtRm4FkyvHZFLYproBV1qMajqEWR4ePJYqsajyJHkaFwHeP5lsVWUccY50d13roNDwTUAiwi1KLkIYAAAggggAACCCAwcgEWESOfYIaHAAIIIIAAAggggIBagHsi1KLkpRHgnog0U0EhCCCAAAIIIDBwAe6JGPgEUj4CCCCAAAIIIIAAApsW4HKmTc8Ax0dggALc7NffpGHbjy2u/bh6KrbY9idAcmYBFhGZZ4faUggovjUkS4aDKmpRTIyqDkVOlgyFq2qOFSbZalH4KlyyZKjmJ4urajyZ5kdhSwYCfQmwiOhLllwEEEAAAQQQQAABBEYqwI3VI51YhmVWbqyeTqdzju3t7f3ttv/SVPp7yHEZ3rapTcmJ78c+cX8+EDMrGbGW2Cfut8nwPnXO7u6ubW1tzaNKLUMdz3wgBxubHE9tW+rwsmrbei5K7Ue9Vr8XM3w/9on7pX9pW/aX1aLIKMdpevZj+KOu46i2dS21q7dtyqj7lHZNxykZsZaYcVRt9Wslp+k4pe2y3KaM2Cful2x/Lhm+XdeyrI+3XdW2PlY5Xn2c+v1SS3w/1hL3j8rw1+qcZX3q/r5d6ogZsV1pWx+nblNy4vuxlrjvtjs7O3UU2whsTCDeWG2zg4fZfLO8xDMCgxbwc1pxXk+n0/+/vbsBjuK88zz+m8GHnbWscFn2jhlIomJVCDZWClsKW4m5WLxECpslpsDGWdtYRD4XzhqMzRlkMM5dwksso4UQQ61ZlxSwCGeToMUhWVvCaCFL1medxJHIOSMVRSm7MMPGlMsWOsdmo+mrbs1IrZYGSaMe9bx8VWVrXvr5P//n8zyM5pl+np4xO6RKDLMhbuRSVVWVEiZutccNEzdimO1JFVu32uNGHDdiuOGaieMtVWzdyCMT+8etcWva8IPAWAWc76lYzuTZfI6KEUAAAQQQQAABBBBITwEmEenZb2SNAAIIIIAAAggggIBnAuyJ8IyeipMtENsTYRjmqiZ+3BQwL+nIOl03RftjYdtv4eYtXN3UHBgL24Eebt7D1k1NYo1VwLkngjMRYxWlfMYLODfCJdLgVIlh5u5GLokYOMu4lYcbcVIlhtMo0fup1J5UyiVRT3u5VGmPG3mY7XIrjt0okdtu5eFGnFSJkYgjZRAYTwEmEeOpTV0IIIAAAggggAACCGSAAJOIDOhEmoAAAggggAACCCCAwHgKsCdiPLWpa1wF2BORPG7W6WKbPIHkRGbMJsfVjIottskTIHIqCbAnIpV6g1zSQiBV1se6kYcJ7lacsXaeW3m4ESdVYozVNFY+ldqTSrnEfMbyO1Xa40YepoNbccZi6mYebrQnVWKM1ZTyCCRbgOVMyRYmPgIIIIAAAggggAACGSbAJCLDOpTmIIAAAggggAACCCCQbAEmEckWJj4CCCCAAAIIIIAAAhkmwMbqDOtQmtMvwMbqfgtuIYAAAggggAACYxFgY/VY9CiLAAIIIIAAAggggAACYjkTgwCBYQRS5UodbuRhNtWNOOYlHcf640YebrXHjVzciGG2J1Vs3WqPG3HciOGGayaOt1SxdSOPTOwft8atacMPAm4LMIlwW5R4CCCAAAIIIIAAAghkuACTiAzvYJqHAAIIIIAAAggggIDbAmysdluUeCkjENtY/dJLL/XltGLFCut2oqfOY+XNIMPFMI+Nd0wsjvN5Zxnn/b6GSIrFcObiLOO8n0gMs8xI4tCefl36p98idmukJrHj4/2OxXGON+fxqTJmnXk579Mep0j/65uzj5196rxvjxRzNR+zx7leGXt583a8GM7jYsfa67EfE4vjfN6Zi/N+LK49FrcR8ErAubFaRvRH6rsZe4jfCKS1gDmm3RjXL7300pgdUiWG2RA3cqmqqkoJE7fa44aJGzHM9qSKrVvtcSOOGzHccM3E8ZYqtm7kkYn949a4NW34QWCsAs73VCxn8mo6R70IIIAAAggggAACCKSpAMuZ0rTjSHt4gdhyJsMwT0jw46aAecWQDRs2uBmSWFEBbJMzFHBNjqsZFVtskydA5FQScC5n4kxEKvUOuaSkgHMNayJJpkoMM3c3cknEwFnGrTzciJMqMZxGid5PpfakUi6JetrLpUp73MjDbJdbcexGidx2Kw834qRKjEQcKYPAeAowiRhPbepCAAEEEEAAAQQQQCADBJhEZEAn0gQEEEAAAQQQQAABBMZTgD0R46lNXeMqwJ6I5HGzBhrb5AkkJzJjNjmuZlRssU2eAJFTSYA9EanUG+SSFgKpsj7WjTxMcLfijLXz3MrDjTipEmOsprHyqdSeVMol5jOW36nSHjfyMB3cijMWUzfzcKM9qRJjrKaURyDZAixnSrYw8RFAAAEEEEAAAQQQyDABJhEZ1qE0BwEEEEAAAQQQQACBZAuwJyLZwsQfWiASVmvd9/Xkyud00jqiVBtq1mj5olIVBSYOXWaUj7InYpRgozicNdCjwBrlodiOEmyEh+M6QqgEDsM2AbQRFsF2hFAcNi4Czj0RTCLGhZ1KBgpc06X6dfrC8zfre9WPa0VRQAr/UrufekQ7puzWuar5yh1YIKF7TCISYqMQAggggAACCCAwSMA5iWA50yAiHki6QOSCGva9rsIV37QmEOYg9Afu0Nqnn1Bh3Rtq6YokPQUqQAABBBBAAAEEEEhcgElE4naUTFSgO6T2tkmanTdZ9gHon5Kn2WpUQ8t7iUZOSrlUuVKHG3mYQG7EMU+xj/XHjTzcao8bubgRw2xPqti61R434rgRww3XTBxvqWLrRh6Z2D9ujVvThh8E3Bawv4dzOzbxEBhSIHK5U2fDQz4lKaSznVfEuYh4PjyOAAIIIIAAAgh4L8Akwvs+yLIMIuq+eF5tWdZqmosAAggggAACCGSSABurM6k306ItEXU1bdbMBY1aceJ1Vc2f3J91V5MqZz6gs1ub9FrFzL6lTrEN0v0HcgsBBBBAAIHsETAMI3saS0tTVoCN1SnbNdmSmF850/JVmC3NpZ0IIIAAAggggEAGCtyQgW2iSSkuYG2gDsRLMjhow3Win8DEzmAkWj5ehjwuYZucUYBrclzNqNgmxxbX5LgyZpPnSmT3BNgT4Z4lkUYqkBNUQeH7gzZQ9264nq6CaTkjjcRxCCCAAAIIIIAAAh4IMInwAD3rq/RPV9mqr6pt8w7tP9dlcUTML5vbtkttGx7R3TNuynoiABBAAAEEEEAAgVQWYBKRyr2TsblN1NTSx3Rw62TVzfqktcxgQvARnS38jo49PteVb6vOWDoahgACCCCAAAIIpIAAV2dKgU4gheQIsFY3Oa5mVGyTY4trclwZs7gmTyB5kXk9SJ4tkRMTMMekfZ8pZyISc6QUAggggAACCCCAAAJZK8AkImu7noYjgAACCCCAAAIIIJCYAJOIxNwohQACCCCAAAIIIIBA1gowicjarqfhCCCAAAIIIIAAAggkJsAkIjE3SiGAAAIIIIAAAgggkLUCTCKytutpOAIIIIAAAggggAACiQkwiUjMjVIIIIAAAggggAACCGStAJOIrO16Go4AAggggAACCCCAQGICfNlcYm6UQgABBBBAAAEEEEAgawT4srms6WoaigACCCCAAAIIIIBAcgRYzpQcV6IigAACCCCAAAIIIJCxAkwiMrZraRgCCCCAAAIIIIAAAskRYBKRHFeiIoAAAggggAACCCCQsQJMIjK2a2kYAggggAACCCCAAALJEWASkRxXoiKAAAIIIIAAAgggkLECTCIytmuztWHXFG6tU+W8oMxLkfl8Qc2rfFGvtoYVyVaSMbf7fbVW/6WClU3qcsSKhJt1oLIsau2Tb16lal9tVRhsh5TtbneHmmorNc8an+YYLVR5dYM6uu1ojGOb2MhvdnfoeHW5glHbYPkuHe9wjNpIWK0H7P5lqqz9mVrD10ZeT1YfeU2X6lcrGNykpi7G7FiHQqSjVmV9rwXm60H0v7JadcR4GbNjZaZ8kgSYRCQJlrDeCEQu/UybFx+UVh5VqMeQ0dOqqimn9a3Fz+vkgD943uSXfrV26dyB72nT358ZnHrktzq6+a+1Xw+oJfSxDONjhao+o1PfWqXvn7wy+HgekSK/Vf3aZXrg1GdUZZkZ6gm9oNltT6pk7VFdir5pYBwnMFgs2/u0/d27dPJqjwzjA528611tL7hP1a3vRwNe06Wj27R4v7SyJaQew/T/tqac2qjF3z89aJKcQBYZX8Qcm99evVdhR0sZsw6QEd2NqPviebWV1qjd/Htl2P5rqNAM6x0aY3ZElBzkjYAR/ZHM8csPAuks8HujveYeQ6U1RnuPrR097xg1pV8yNpx41/YgN4cT6Am9Zezf8Kix463TRk1pwAhsOGF8YCvU015jlOoeo6b997ZHe/vAeaztgKy+2WtWNGgsDnyccTz6QdJjfHBioxEIbDROfGD7x2/927eNXev+nxqlNe8YtqMMy99ZdvRJZH6Jq21GzYNfMkpKigwN8GLMJtb57xonNhQNem0dEIsxO4CDO94KOOcKnInwZu5GrUkR6NbF9gsKzM7TFPvI9k9W3uyPVdfwaz5pHKl75Jz2r/yu2ss2al3xHw9RKvoJWiBfeVMm2p6fqCl5+VLdG2rhzI/Npfemf0aFGowWVc2fPOg5KaSznVcUEeN4CJxhHvIrd/52hULbNT/X/o/fUaw7pPa2SZqdN1n2o/xT8jRbjWpoec9RgLv9Au+r9YWntPmGR7Tpvun9D1u3GLMOkJHdjVxR59n3VVgQVE68EozZeDI8ngIC9tfRFEiHFBAYg4D1ghyKGyB8tlOXY2tM4x7FE5aAf5oW7X9Z2+dPHfBmq1/nmi53nh+0pKHv+fB5dV5mjXmfx4huzNW9c/PkZxyPSGvYgyJhNe/+nja3LdWex+YqV1LkcqfOOtfh9AWKTeL6HuBGn0BE3a0/1JM787Tnu3fpsxP6nui9wZh1gIzwrjVB+ISm/O4VfTMY3QsRLFd1ff++MsbsCC05zBMBJhGesFNpUgSsF+S47xCSUmXmBs1RIBD3szEp+ml55rZ/HFtm7i2p2qW2im+oLP8miXE8RvyP1FG7XL4JQf35ujP6yvq/0hcD5tmy6NmzMUbPyuLdLXrhyV/oa8e2aulU+5nHqAZjNqFh0TtBCGrqnP+qH4ai+yE6Nmr6W/9d9+1sVjdjNiFXCo2fAJOI8bOmJgQQQMAh0KVz+7+r1Rfu1sGtf6mpvCI7fBK5e5NmVBy2Nqn2hHZq6k/vUdHD9X2b1hOJmNVlrA3rf62ff22jHimalNUUbje+d3ljw8AzvjkztLDs82pfX63DHR+5XSXxEHBVgD9ZrnISzFOBnKAKCgOeppA9ledoWoFzXXT2tN6dlnbpXO0Tmr9Z2vq3T2i+9Wm5JMaxO7yS/IEFeuqZlVLty2o4f0050/JV6Fr0bAhkXhloh1ZfuF/VjxTHX7fPmHVxMPij4/SC2i9+yJh1UZZQ7gvc4H5IIiLgkYC1gToYt/JBG67jHskTwwv0bqCOO2UbtOF6+IhZdYS1Xv8pLdlxg7Y27VLFTHPFfvSHcRyTcPG3+YasW/7iPM2OO2iDgzZcu5hAeoaKXFDDvnqFT4ZVfMu6QW1Y8Mn9Kq1p0msV5sUreO0dBOTCA9amf8asC5KESIYAZyKSoUpMjwR6Px0ftIF6JFfA8Cjj9K02+mnZoA3U0Q3XhfmalsPLy1D9Gwkf16YFRfrzn07VnpOOCYRVgHE8lNv1H4vugxj0BWjRUoFSlRV/KnqW5/3oVbD6I/auTZ+ugmnX2wfUf3zW3PLPVEVDaOD3Fxi/V3vNPVJgo058cFENFTPlF2N29GMi3piNXfmOMTt6U0qMu0DsirPOa7/GHuc3Aukk0HPxiFERuNV4sKbNuGom3hMy3tr54ODrx6dTo7zO1Xmt/Vg+PZ3GkYpbjcCD+413rppX3f/YCL21x3gwMPh7EGJFsv731beMHSUBQ4FHjSMXP47LwTiOSxP/Ccu2qP/fvvXPv9HYWGJ/7GPj4pFHjUCgwqh5p/dbT3pCp42dD956/Wv1x681C5+JfifEgO+JMAzGbAJDYYgxa1jfxVFiVBzpjH6XCWM2AVmKJEnAOVfgo8Jxn7ZRYTIF/FMXqvLgE5pSV6pbfD7rCi1LzhZqz7E1Krne9eOTmVSmxvZ/WqWVu7V1yiHNumWCfL4bFVzSrMI9+/R4yVDfg5CpECNt10fqOFyt9SfDUnivlk27UT5zjNr+C1Y2Wd9lwjgeqantuJw5Wndon+56b4dmRE0n3PeG8p85pL0Vt0bX80/U1NLHdHDrZNXN+qRlPyH4iM4WfkfHHu+9DKwtIjdHIcCYHQVW7NAhxqxvcZ1Uvk+7l342enltxmyMi9+pJ+AzJytmWuYfsujN1MuSjBBAAAEEEEAAAQQQQMAzAedcgTMRnnUFFSOAAAIIIIAAAgggkJ4CTCLSs9/IGgEEEEAAAQQQQAABzwSYRHhGT8UIIIAAAggggAACCKSnAJOI9Ow3skYAAQQQQAABBBBAwDMBJhGe0VMxAggggAACCCCAAALpKcAkIj37jawRQAABBBBAAAEEEPBMgEmEZ/RUjAACCCCAAAIIIIBAegowiUjPfiNrBBBAAAEEEEAAAQQ8E2AS4Rk9FSOAAAIIIIAAAgggkJ4CTCLSs9/IGgEEEEAAAQQQQAABzwSYRHhGT8UIIIAAAggggAACCKSnAJOI9Ow3skYAAQQQQAABBBBAwDMBJhGe0VMxAggggAACCCCAAALpKcAkIj37jawRQAABBBBAAAEEEPBMgEmEZ/RUjAACCCCAgNsCXeqo36R5Pp98vjJV1p9Tt9tVEA8BBBCQxCSCYYAAAggggECGCEQ6fqI1q7u05uLH6rm4SldWf1+N4T9kSOtoBgIIpJLADamUDLkggAACCCCAQOIC/hkVaghVSIqo+9xV/eGPPqVJN/N5YeKilEQAgXgCvLLEk+FxBBBIkkBE3a27NC+4WvWXrsWtI9JRqzLfctV2fBT3mL4nIudUW5avstpzivQ9mK437MtRgkO2aVQ2wzF0d+h49TYdGInzcLESev4jddQuly+4SU1d3vZer2uxKpuuxG9JV5Mqg0P3i7OQFa+sVh3j3qxutVYv0C2zNupfls/TrBz+1Dv7hvsIIDB2AV5Zxm5IBAQQGJWAXzm3LTrDbNAAAA6HSURBVNKKwte1r+FCnDf9H+n86dfVVvENleXfNKro6X6wtRxl2TFNP9KpHiOkhoqZSVx3GlFX836Vr/+VejyDu0kzKg7LCG3X/Fxv/yRZn+IbLaqaP9kFjYi6L3bqP9z7JeWPe7NyVPTkP8roeVNr/u1/6Kmj/+pCewiBAAIIDBQY95e2gdVzDwEEslLAP11lq76qtlf+WeeH+pQ20qnTr1zSivu/rKlZ+Sp1oyZPujmJk4esHHXj3Oj31NLwOy2dmzeu/Tjg7If/Zk2a/B81ZdInxrntVIcAAtkgkJV/nrOhY2kjAqktMFFTFy7VirZ6/fT/vO9INaKuky9p87W7tXzOp3qf6+5QU21l9IozPvnmVaq2qSPOVWci6mrapKDPuSzlipoqi/uXzcSWpVT/RA3V5QpaV7MJal5lnVrDV9RxfJfKg+YVbnwKlu9Vc9i+9Oqawq11qpwXtJ63roJT26SO7qFmRPbmdamjqTZOud5lPRMKHlKjWvXcgj/pz9Ueou/2v+u9t/9B1eWFvTkEy1V93GZitc+nYGWTuvrK2G1+p66mzZq54HsK68d6qOAT/cdGwmqtr+5rv89nutSqqSMWKWpZtldNzTYHZw5Wvddrs3nAUMuZHL5Dxu1rVO+NYXOOHdasA5Vl0X4rVHl1Q1+/DV7OZOZRP9D4tTO67Kh6yLtdv1bDb+Zo7vXOpJk5H+gf18HyXTo+yPhZ1Tf0j0Vz7B9ovaSujoYBee1qDltn9fwz7tbue3+pkgnm2J2nA1M26vESN86sDNlKHkQAgSwWYBKRxZ1P0xHwVCD3di1fJ+08fMb2JtfMyPwE95QKVyzSbeZa7u63VfvoMj1w6jOqCn0sw/hYoarP6NQDJVpc3RxnIjHSloXVuP5FNU3fqA7DUE/ogL7YXKni4Dxte3uOnr1oyLjapq16QUs2/0yXrDnCNV2qX6eixW9oSlWregzzmL9Rwam1Kll7NHrMUPV36VztEyp54FRfuZ7QtzXl1FoVLN6t1u6J1rKenvYalapIG068O8wSn6Nav/pVTXi0UT1Gj66evEvvbv+LUZj4lTt/q86d2KiA7lFN++8VqpqvXL2v1p0Pa/Grn9Cjraa3IaPnf+uZCa9owaoatdonSo3btOXIzXro2MXefjk4XT8vXacXWmMTw+HaPNSkK+pbfFBa06SrZtua5qutfJnW1v82zvK3keUcuVSvh4uWaL9Wqf1qj4yr/1N3tj0Zp9/MvTt7dV/xPr1714911XTo2KjpZ47rpfBQ/Wt/LKKulpP6zdLrLGWK/Fb1D5eqeP8ErWn/QIbxgZrufFvlJZsG7hVq/IGeb/qsnu7okdFzUSe+eFYri6dp5rbz+vKzrVa5d7beoB1LtumotccoVzMrahQy8zXadOCJOxTgL729c7iNAAIuCfDS4hIkYRBAYLQCk3Tb15eqsO4Ntdg21EYu/UI/OnKbVpVNl1/mmv1D2nz8Tu3Z/rDmBCZKmqjAnG/p+YMr1b6+WofHuCE4sKFSTy+dqRzzmteB27RwTlAqfUJPr42++crJ19w7Zyn8WovazTfQXaf1g9X1Kty6UWvnBHqXquTcqornd2vFa9v1g5NxNuV2teiHm5u1aM93+8r5A3foied3a0P7Dm063BHnDXI811tV0RfLr5wZS/T0M8vVvvOomm2e8UrHfbzrjA7vvKwV5fdGvU2YqSpZea9KT76pX4VsZ2QCK/XM00s0w9q4O1GB4v+iOYEzOv6ry71tSaTNkQtq2Fcv9fWLXzkzv6byFTeqdt+JoZe/jSjnj3S+4WXVypZzzp/p7vLFUu3Lajjv3MD/npoP/0jtfXlIypmppU9XakMgrl70CXMifEafy5scdylT5PwJ7au9URueWaelM3Il5Wrm3fdrheoH7hWyG/sDKl5YZE36tj79ULR/cjVj7h0qDP8vvdUeO1M0XH48jwACCIxdgEnE2A2JgAACCQr48xdo1aI39aM3/jX6Brr3jd5ry5Zq4VRzwmC+GWtUuPB23WpNIGIV+ZUzLV+FuqD2i+P5VVrmJ8xvqC4c1GznG8ScoAoKQ6pr+LXjzIqZc6zcLN1x638e+MbSKie1tYdGeVbFGStqEm5UQ8t7MajR/86dr6pQi6rmvKem+nrVm//VVmqBtcxqmHAD2pJYmyPn/1mvNEqFBUFrYtdb42TNr2qR0VChGUP91RpJztY+m9NSYb6m9V2tyDwbs10h47AqZjg28JvLkepCjjzMiYTZz390fYjIFXX+5naVFUeX4w06uvfCAY2aroJp5vQ1+mO1I9mb6WOV8RsBBBAYm8BQL8dji0hpBBBAYKQC/k9r4f1f1GuxT5itN3r/rnXLb5f52azMN2NnQ9eJFtLZziuj/ATfHi4w+E2i/em4t6N7Fqx9FL37JnwTZumhxnjrXK7pcud5xXvWrCZ8tlOXh1rdEzeHZD1hLkF6SMFbCrTg+bdkLUyatEh/2/J3Kh3VpG082+xWzv2mkcudOnu9Dus/dNAtcyJU/7kSFbtxtakBk55BVfEAAggg4JkAXzbnGT0VI4CA5FfunCVad223Tp//hoJXX1OdFmvfbZN6cfyTlTc7KJ2NZxU7IxBnCVG8YmN+3NxD8NLgT6/jxp2oKXn5Cuh83CMCs/M0JQU+1jEvMbv2oWYtOtKpF5d+NnrWxNyQ3ag2SbPjtsD5xMjbPKKNys7wtvvu5dwf1D8lT7MD1xl6/Yc6bplnGZr1ubKv906EHc9yFwEEEMgUgRT4k5UplLQDAQQSEsj5vL6+QnrldLPePPy6pq9aYLuu/qdUXFaqQNsZvT3g6kjmNfjPq825HMRKILbUKaFshinkV27xQq0IvKNfvv1vA8+AdDerel68L7y7XrmQ2tucy3eGScN62rmUK2oSKO1dRmMtuxl28b6jopirc6nUH3T1/dGut0+szf78L+neUufyrugVnIb88sER5uzP09x750pt53XRtjm894pMQ3x5XO7nVbYiOHiZWbfZXx863Gx3zbNp9f/pOkuZzGNvUv7crw4+s2N9aWJQPk++oM7WBm4igAACIxBgEjECJA5BAIFkCtyk/LJlmlb3HW0/UqT7F37atmfAPFNxn7Z+5ZRWb3oxepnViLrP1WnNA/tVsONJLXeuZTf3AVtvREOqO/BznbPeMJrfAr1TW55rHXtDcufqsT136rXV39bu6GU11X1O9Vue0Xo9qu3LZ9jyt1WXW6xvbp3jKPe2ates1XMF6+OXs4UYeLNVz23ZqXrrkqAxk2NatGeVSsxlNNE3zeG6H+kn58wJQETdHUe1bct+27Iq+4Qrog+7P1KONUk6rbr9/6Rw9GpU4eYXtWn1Xlu5gZnEvZdIm/3TtahylQqeq9KzTZesiVok/E/aX3dGJUP2d2yyMlzONyl/0cPaWHBYW5490du2yCWd3P+KGkuG8p+sksc2aVHdWq2pfbt3v4rZz9uq9Nz1ljmZkwzl2fZdDK3jzy9T5cY/1nNb9qrJmiBfU/jkK6prvF07ti8deu/H0KF4FAEEEPBEgEmEJ+xUigACdgH/1C/r/jnXpEeWaI5zHbl55aO9R3Twzn9RZfBG+XwTdMu3/q/uPHhSx56cY9t8a4von6Hlz/9Q61StWbdMkM93j2quluqZv7vHdlCiNydq6tLtOnnwTl2uLNIEc1/ELffo1T9ZpZZDj6qob9OuM7556c1djnL/Te137lb7sbXXKeeME7u/RDvWFOvCtjt6TeY3qfDAEe3uW4J0k2Ys36rGdX/Q5lmflM83TYtr/p+WPfO0SmMhrAmX+Wb2Az1UcLNuXvayzufM1ePHqjTnzXIFre8aKNJTv5is8qM/HsFViWyBrZuJtHmiAvM36lDLA+rZ8gXLd0KwWj0rD+nQujj9nTuynP2Br2jroUNa2VPd27YJX9CWngfi9pt/6hLtPlmtwlN/pVusfl6rt75QoR2l8TZWj+DSrjEi/1TN37pfLSs/1BZrXN+o4JYPtbLlRa0rii7nix3LbwQQQCAFBXyGeRFwyfrinejNFEyTlBBAAAEEEEAAAQQQQMArAfPLV+1zBc5EeNUT1IsAAggggAACCCCAQJoKMIlI044jbQQQQAABBBBAAAEEvBJgEuGVPPUigAACCCCAAAIIIJCmAkwi0rTjSBsBBBBAAAEEEEAAAa8EmER4JU+9CCCAAAIIIIAAAgikqQCTiDTtONJGAAEEEEAAAQQQQMArASYRXslTLwIIIIAAAggggAACaSrAJCJNO460EUAAAQQQQAABBBDwSoBJhFfy1IsAAggggAACCCCAQJoKMIlI044jbQQQQAABBBBAAAEEvBJgEuGVPPUigAACCCCAAAIIIJCmAkwi0rTjSBsBBBBAAAEEEEAAAa8EmER4JU+9CCCAAAIIIIAAAgikqQCTiDTtONJGAAEEEEAAAQQQQMArASYRXslTLwIIIIAAAggggAACaSrAJCJNO460EUAAAQQQQAABBBDwSoBJhFfy1IsAAggggAACCCCAQJoKMIlI044jbQQQQAABBBBAAAEEvBJgEuGVPPUigAACCCCAAAIIIJCmAkwi0rTjSBsBBBBAAAEEEEAAAa8EmER4JU+9CCCAAAIIIIAAAgikqQCTiDTtONJGAAEEEEAAAQQQQMArASYRXslTLwIIIIAAAggggAACaSrAJCJNO460EUAAAQQQQAABBBDwSoBJhFfy1IsAAggggAACCCCAQJoKMIlI044jbQQQQAABBBBAAAEEvBJgEuGVPPUigAACCCCAAAIIIJCmAkwi0rTjSBsBBBBAAAEEEEAAAa8EmER4JU+9CCCAAAIIIIAAAgikqYDPMAzD5/OlafqkjQACCCCAAAIIIIAAAuMlYBiGVdUN5v9jd8arcupBAAEEEEAAAQQQQACB9BVgOVP69h2ZI4AAAggggAACCCDgiQCTCE/YqRQBBBBAAAEEEEAAgfQV+P+fbk8Cyi4amAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Explain why butanoic acid is a liquid at room temperature while ethylamine is a gas at room temperature.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State a suitable reagent for the reduction of butanoic acid.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce the product of the complete reduction reaction in (e)(i).</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Butanoic acid:</em><br>CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH (aq) + H<sub>2</sub>O (l) <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \rightleftharpoons ">
<mo stretchy="false">⇌</mo>
</math></span> CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COO<sup>−</sup> (aq) + H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup> (aq) ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Ethylamine:</em><br>CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub> (aq) + H<sub>2</sub>O (l) <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \rightleftharpoons ">
<mo stretchy="false">⇌</mo>
</math></span> CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+ </sup>(aq) + OH<sup>−</sup> (aq) ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p><em>Diagram showing:</em><br>dotted line along O–C–O <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>negative charge</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept correct diagrams with pi clouds.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>–1 ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{1.00 \times {{10}^{ - 14}}\,{\text{mo}}{{\text{l}}^2}\,{\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 6}}}}{{0.00192\,{\text{mol}}\,{\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 3}}}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>1.00</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>14</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mo</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>l</mtext>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>6</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>0.00192</mn>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>mol</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span>» = 5.21 × 10<sup>–12</sup> «mol dm<sup>–3</sup>» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«p<em>K</em><sub>b</sub> = 3.35, <em>K</em><sub>b</sub> = 10<sup>–3.35</sup> = 4.5 × 10<sup>–4</sup>»</p>
<p>«C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NH<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \rightleftharpoons ">
<mo stretchy="false">⇌</mo>
</math></span> C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup> + OH<sup>–</sup>»</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>K</em><sub>b</sub> = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{\left[ {{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^--}} \right]\left[ {{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}^{\text{ + }}} \right]}}{{\left[ {{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}} \right]}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>[</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
</msup>
<mo>−</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>[</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>C</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>C</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> + </mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>[</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>C</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>C</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p><strong>OR</strong></p>
<p>«<em>K</em><sub>b</sub> =» 4.5 × 10<sup>–4</sup> = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{\left[ {{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^-}} \right]\left[ {{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}^{\text{ + }}} \right]}}{{0.250}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>[</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>O</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>[</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>C</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>C</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>2</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>N</mtext>
</mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mtext>H</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext>3</mtext>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mtext> + </mtext>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>]</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>0.250</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>«<em>K</em><sub>b</sub> =» 4.5 × 10<sup>–4</sup> = <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{{x^2}}}{{0.250}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>0.250</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> ✔</p>
<p><br>« x = [OH<sup>–</sup>] =» 0.011 «mol dm<sup>–3</sup>» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p>«pH = –log<span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{1.00 \times {{10}^{ - 14}}}}{{0.011}} = ">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>1.00</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>14</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>0.011</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
</math></span>» 12.04</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>«pH = 14.00 – (–log 0.011)=» 12.04 ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[3]</strong> for correct final answer.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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"></p>
<p>decreasing pH curve ✔</p>
<p>pH close to 7 (6–8) at volume of 25 cm<sup>3</sup> butanoic acid ✔</p>
<p>weak acid/base shape with no flat «strong acid/base» parts on the curve ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any two of:</em><br>butanoic acid forms more/stronger hydrogen bonds ✔<br>butanoic acid forms stronger London/dispersion forces ✔<br>butanoic acid forms stronger dipole–dipole interaction/force ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “butanoic acid forms dimers”</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “butanoic acid has larger M<sub>r</sub>/hydrocarbon chain/number of electrons” for M2.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “butanoic acid has larger «permanent» dipole/more polar” for M3.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>lithium aluminium hydride/LiAlH<sub>4</sub> ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>butan-1-ol/1-butanol/CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.ii.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.iii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.ii.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Dinitrogen monoxide, N<sub>2</sub>O, causes depletion of ozone in the stratosphere.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Different sources of N<sub>2</sub>O have different ratios of <sup>14</sup>N : <sup>15</sup>N.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">The Lewis (electron dot) structure of the dinitrogen monoxide molecule can be represented as:</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img style="margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; display: block;" src="images/3d.PNG_1.png" alt width="373" height="54"></span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline why ozone in the stratosphere is important.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Dinitrogen monoxide in the stratosphere is converted to nitrogen monoxide, NO (g).</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Write <strong>two</strong> equations to show how NO (g) catalyses the decomposition of ozone.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State <strong>one</strong> analytical technique that could be used to determine the ratio of <sup>14</sup>N : <sup>15</sup>N.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A sample of gas was enriched to contain 2 % by mass of <sup>15</sup>N with the remainder being <sup>14</sup>N.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Calculate the relative molecular mass of the resulting N<sub>2</sub>O.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Predict, giving <strong>two</strong> reasons, how the first ionization energy of <sup>15</sup>N compares with that of <sup>14</sup>N.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Explain why the first ionization energy of nitrogen is greater than both carbon and oxygen.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Nitrogen and carbon:</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Nitrogen and oxygen:</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State what the presence of alternative Lewis structures shows about the nature of the bonding in the molecule.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State, giving a reason, the shape of the dinitrogen monoxide molecule.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Deduce the hybridization of the central nitrogen atom in the molecule.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">absorbs <span style="text-decoration: underline;">UV/ultraviolet</span> light «of longer wavelength than absorbed by O<sub>2</sub>» <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NO (g) + O<sub>3</sub> (g) → NO<sub>2</sub> (g) + O<sub>2</sub> (g) <strong>[✔]</strong><br>NO<sub>2</sub> (g) + O<sub>3</sub> (g) <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">→</span> NO (g) + 2O<sub>2</sub> (g) <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note</strong>: Ignore radical signs.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept equilibrium arrows.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Award <strong>[1 max]</strong> for NO<sub>2</sub> (g) + O (g) <span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 14px;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;display: inline;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;">→</span> NO (g) + O<sub>2</sub> (g).</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">mass spectrometry/MS </span><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">« <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{{(98 \times 14) + (2 \times 15)}}{{100}}">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>98</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>14</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>+</mo>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>×</mo>
<mn>15</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>100</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></span> =» 14.02 <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«M<sub>r</sub> = (14.02 × 2) + 16.00 =» 44.04 <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Any two</em>:</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">same <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>have same nuclear charge /number of protons/Z<sup><sub>eff</sub></sup> <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">same <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>neutrons do not affect attraction/ionization energy/Z<sup><sub>eff</sub></sup><br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>same <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>neutrons have no charge <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">same <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>same attraction for «outer» electrons <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">same <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>have same electronic configuration/shielding <span style="display: inline !important;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;">Note: </span>Accept “almost the same”.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">“Same” only needs to be stated once.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Nitrogen and carbon:</em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">N has greater nuclear charge/«one» more proton «and electrons both lost from singly filled p-orbitals» <strong>[✔]</strong><br></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>Nitrogen and oxygen:</em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">O has a doubly filled «p-»orbital<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>N has only singly occupied «p-»orbitals <strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">Note: </strong>Accept “greater e– <sup>-</sup> e<sup>-</sup> repulsion in O” or “lower <span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;">e– </span><sup style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 11.6px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">-</sup><span style="text-align: left;color: #000000;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 14px;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;white-space: normal;float: none;background-color: #ffffff;"> e</span><sup style="color: #000000;font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 11.6px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-decoration: none;text-indent: 0px;white-space: normal;">-</sup> repulsion in N”.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept box annotation of electrons for M2.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">delocalization</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">OR</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">delocalized <em>π</em>-electrons <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note: </strong>Accept “resonance”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">linear <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>2 electron domains</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em><strong>OR</strong></em></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">linear <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>2 regions of electron density <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>Note: </strong>Accept “two bonds </span><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><strong>AND</strong></span> <span style="background-color: #ffffff;">no lone pairs” for reason.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">sp <strong>[✔]</strong></span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Candidates sometimes failed to identify how ozone works in chemical terms, referring to protects/deflects, <em>i.e.</em>, the consequence rather than the mechanism.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Many candidates recalled the first equation for NO catalyzed decomposition of ozone only. Some considered other radical species.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>All candidates, with very few exceptions, answered this correctly.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates were able to calculate the accurate mass of N<sub>2</sub>O, though quite a few candidates just calculated the mass of N and didn’t apply it to N<sub>2</sub>O, losing an accessible mark.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Many students realized that neutrons had no charge and could not affect IE significantly, but many others struggled a lot with this question since they considered that <sup>15</sup>N would have a higher IE because they considered the greater mass of the nucleus would result in an increase of attraction of the electrons.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mixed responses here; the explanation of higher IE for N with respect to C was less well explained, though it should have been the easiest. It was good to see that most candidates could explain the difference in IE of N and O, either mentioning paired/unpaired electrons or drawing box diagrams.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Most candidates identified resonance for this given Lewis representation.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Though quite a number of candidates suggested a linear shape correctly, they often failed to give a complete correct explanation, just mentioning the absence of lone pairs but not two bonds, instead of referring to electron domains.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Hybridisation of the N atom was correct in most cases.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>Carbon dioxide contributes significantly to global warming. It can be used as a raw material with methyloxirane to form polymers.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img 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"></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest why the three-membered ring in methyloxirane is unstable.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Draw <strong>two</strong> structural isomers of methyloxirane.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State, giving a reason, whether methyloxirane can form<em> cis-trans</em> isomers.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Predict the chemical shift and splitting pattern of the signal produced by the hydrogen atoms labelled <strong>X</strong> in the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum of the polymer. Use section 27 of the data booklet.</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>angle between bonds is 60°/strained/smaller than 109.5° ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any two of:</em><br>CH<sub>3</sub>COCH<sub>3</sub> ✔</p>
<p>CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CHO ✔</p>
<p>CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>OH ✔</p>
<p>CH<sub>3</sub>OCH=CH<sub>2</sub> ✔</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept displayed or condensed structural formulas or skeletal formulas.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept CH(OH)=CHCH<sub>3</sub> and CH<sub>2</sub>=C(OH)CH<sub>3</sub>.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>no <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>only one «axial/methyl/CH<sub>3</sub>» substituent «at the ring»</p>
<p><em><strong>OR</strong></em></p>
<p>no <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>two «axial» substituents required «for cis/trans-isomers» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Accept “no <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>«O in the ring and» one carbon has two H atoms”.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Chemical shift:</em><br>3.7–4.8 «ppm» ✔</p>
<p><em>Splitting pattern:</em><br>doublet ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.i.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b.ii.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Propene is an important starting material for many products. The following shows some compounds which can be made from propene, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>Propene (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) → C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>Cl → C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O → C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O</span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Consider the conversion of propene to C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>Cl.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">An experiment was carried out to determine the order of reaction between one of the isomers of C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>Cl and aqueous sodium hydroxide. The following results were obtained.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img style="margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; display: block;" 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" width="367" height="138"></span></p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the type of reaction.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the IUPAC name of the major product.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Outline why it is the major product.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Write an equation for the reaction of the major product with aqueous sodium hydroxide to produce a C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O compound, showing structural formulas.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Determine the rate expression from the results, explaining your method.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Deduce the type of mechanism for the reaction of this isomer of C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>Cl with aqueous sodium hydroxide.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Sketch the mechanism using curly arrows to represent the movement of electrons.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Write an equation for the complete combustion of the compound C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O formed in (a)(iv).</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Determine the enthalpy of combustion of this compound, in kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, using data from section 11 of the data booklet.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[3]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">State the reagents for the conversion of the compound C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O formed in (a)(iv) into C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Explain why the compound C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O, produced in (a)(iv), has a higher boiling point than compound C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O, produced in d(i).</span></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Explain why the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum of C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O, produced in (d)(i), shows only one signal.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Propene is often polymerized. Draw a section of the resulting polymer, showing two repeating units.</span></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«electrophilic» addition ✔</span></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NOTE: Do <strong>not</strong> accept “nucleophilic addition” or “free radical addition”.<br>Do <strong>not</strong> accept “halogenation”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2-chloropropane ✔</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">secondary carbocation/carbonium «ion» is more stable<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>carbocation/carbonium «ion» stabilized by two/more alkyl groups ✔</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">CH<sub>3</sub>CHClCH<sub>3</sub> (l) + OH<sup>−</sup> (aq) → CH<sub>3</sub>CH(OH)CH<sub>3</sub> (aq) + Cl<sup>−</sup> (aq)<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>CH<sub>3</sub>CHClCH<sub>3</sub> (l) + NaOH (aq) → CH<sub>3</sub>CH(OH)CH<sub>3</sub> (aq) + NaCl (aq) ✔</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Rate = <em>k</em> [C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>Cl] [OH<sup>−</sup>] ✔<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">«[OH<sup>−</sup>] held constant and» [C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>Cl] triples <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>rate triples «so first order wrt C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>Cl» ✔<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">[C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>Cl] doubles <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>[OH<sup>−</sup>] doubles <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>rate quadruples «so first order wrt OH<sup>−</sup>» ✔</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">SN2 ✔</span></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NOTE: Accept ‘bimolecular nucleophilic substitution.’</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="628" height="118"></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">curly arrow going from lone pair on O/negative charge on OH<sup>–</sup> to C ✔<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">curly arrow showing C–Cl bond breaking ✔<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">representation of transition state showing negative charge, square brackets and partial bonds ✔<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">formation of CH<sub>3</sub>CH(OH)CH<sub>3</sub> <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>Cl<sup>–</sup> ✔</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NOTE: Do <strong>not</strong> allow arrow originating on H in OH<sup>–</sup>.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Allow curly arrow going from bond between C and Cl to Cl in either reactant or transition state. </span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Do <strong>not</strong> award M3 if OH–C bond is represented.</span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Accept formation of NaCl instead of Cl<sup>–</sup>.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">2C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O (l) + 9O<sub>2</sub> (g) → 6CO<sub>2</sub> (g) + 8H<sub>2</sub>O (g)<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O (l) + 4.5O<sub>2</sub> (g) → 3CO<sub>2</sub> (g) + 4H<sub>2</sub>O (g) ✔</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>bonds broken:</em><br>7(C–H) + C–O + O–H + 2(C–C) + 4.5(O=O)<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>7(414 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>») + 358 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» + 463 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» + 2(346 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>») + 4.5(498 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>») / 6652 «kJ» ✔<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><em>bonds formed</em>:<br>6(C=O) + 8(O–H)<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>6(804 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>») + 8(463 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>») / 8528 «kJ» ✔</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br>«Δ<em>H</em> = bonds broken − bonds formed = 6652 – 8528 =» −1876 «kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>» ✔</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>NOTE: <span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Award<strong> [3]</strong> for correct final answer.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">K<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><sup>2–</sup>/«potassium» dichromate «(VI)» <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>acidified/H<sup>+</sup><br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«acidified potassium» manganate(VII) / «H<sup>+</sup> and» KMnO<sub>4</sub> / «H<sup>+</sup> and» MnO<sub>4</sub>– ✔</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NOTE: Accept “H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>” or “H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>” for “H<sup>+</sup>”.<br>Do <strong>not</strong> accept HCl.<br>Accept “permanganate” for “manganate(VII)”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O/propan-2-ol: hydrogen-bonding <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O/propanone: no hydrogen bonding/«only» dipole–dipole/dispersion forces ✔<br></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">hydrogen bonding stronger «than dipole–dipole» ✔</span></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">only one hydrogen environment<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>methyl groups symmetrical «around carbonyl group» ✔</span></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"> NOTE: Accept “all hydrogens belong to methyl groups «which are in identical positions»”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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">✔</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">NOTE: Continuation bonds must be shown. </span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Methyl groups may be drawn on opposite sides of the chain or head to tail. </span></em></p>
<p><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Ignore square brackets and “n”.</span></em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">a(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
[N/A]
<div class="question_part_label">e.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="specification">
<p>When heated in air, magnesium ribbon reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>The reaction in (a)(i) was carried out in a crucible with a lid and the following data was recorded:</p>
<p style="text-align: right;">Mass of crucible and lid = 47.372 ±0.001 g</p>
<p style="text-align: right;">Mass of crucible, lid and magnesium ribbon before heating = 53.726 ±0.001 g</p>
<p style="text-align: right;">Mass of crucible, lid and product after heating = 56.941 ±0.001 g</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"> </p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>When magnesium is burnt in air, some of it reacts with nitrogen to form magnesium nitride according to the equation:</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">3 Mg (s) + N<sub>2 </sub>(g) → Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2 </sub>(s)</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>The presence of magnesium nitride can be demonstrated by adding water to the product. It is hydrolysed to form magnesium hydroxide and ammonia.</p>
</div>
<div class="specification">
<p>Most nitride ions are <sup>14</sup>N<sup>3–</sup>.</p>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Identify a metal, in the same period as magnesium, that does <strong>not</strong> form a basic oxide.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate the amount of magnesium, in mol, that was used.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine the percentage uncertainty of the mass of product after heating.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Assume the reaction in (a)(i) is the only one occurring and it goes to completion, but some product has been lost from the crucible. Deduce the percentage yield of magnesium oxide in the crucible.</p>
<p> </p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Evaluate whether this, rather than the loss of product, could explain the yield found in (b)(iii).</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest an explanation, other than product being lost from the crucible or reacting with nitrogen, that could explain the yield found in (b)(iii).</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Calculate coefficients that balance the equation for the following reaction.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Ammonia is added to water that contains a few drops of an indicator. Identify an indicator that would change colour. Use sections 21 and 22 of the data booklet.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Determine the oxidation state of nitrogen in Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> and in NH<sub>3</sub>.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Deduce, giving reasons, whether the reaction of magnesium nitride with water is an acid–base reaction, a redox reaction, neither or both.</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the number of subatomic particles in this ion.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Some nitride ions are <sup>15</sup>N<sup>3–</sup>. State the term that describes the relationship between <sup>14</sup>N<sup>3–</sup> and <sup>15</sup>N<sup>3–</sup>.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>The nitride ion and the magnesium ion are isoelectronic (they have the same electron configuration). Determine, giving a reason, which has the greater ionic radius.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest, giving a reason, whether magnesium or nitrogen would have the greater sixth ionization energy.</p>
<div class="marks">[1]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">e(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>Suggest <strong>two</strong> reasons why atoms are no longer regarded as the indivisible units of matter.</p>
<div class="marks">[2]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
<p>State the types of bonding in magnesium, oxygen and magnesium oxide, and how the valence electrons produce these types of bonding.</p>
<p><img 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"></p>
<div class="marks">[4]</div>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>2 Mg(s) + O<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2 MgO(s) ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Do not accept equilibrium arrows. Ignore state symbols</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>aluminium/Al ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math class="wrs_chemistry" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>⟨</mo><mo>⟨</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>53</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>726</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>47</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>372</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>244</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>31</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo> </mo><msup><mi>mol</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>6</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>354</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>24</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>31</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo> </mo><msup><mi>mol</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>⟩</mo><mo>⟩</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2614</mn><mo> </mo><mo>«</mo><mi>mol</mi><mo>»</mo><mo>✔</mo></math></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>mass of product <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>«</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>56</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>941</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>47</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>372</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>»</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>9</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>569</mn><mo> </mo><mo>«</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>»</mo></math> ✔</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mtext>⟨⟨100 × </mtext><mfrac><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>569</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow></mfrac><mtext>=0.0209⟩⟩ = 0.02 «%»</mtext></math> ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Award <strong>[2]</strong> for correct final answer </em></p>
<p><em>Accept 0.021%</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><math class="wrs_chemistry" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>⟨</mo><mo>⟨</mo><mo> </mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2614</mn><mo> </mo><mi>mol</mi><mo> </mo><mo>×</mo><mo> </mo><mo>(</mo><mn>24</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>31</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo> </mo><msup><mi>mol</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>16</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>00</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo> </mo><msup><mi>mol</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2614</mn><mo> </mo><mi>mol</mi><mo>×</mo><mn>40</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>31</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo> </mo><msup><mi>mol</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>⟩</mo><mo>⟩</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>536</mn><mo> </mo><mo>«</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>»</mo></math> ✔</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>⟨</mo><mo>⟨</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>×</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>9</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>569</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>10</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>536</mn><mo> </mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mo> </mo><mn>90</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>822</mn><mo>⟩</mo><mo>⟩</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>91</mn><mo> </mo><mo>«</mo><mo>%</mo><mo>»</mo></math> ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award «0.2614 mol x 40.31 g mol<sup>–1</sup>»</em></p>
<p><em>Accept alternative methods to arrive at the correct answer.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept final answers in the range 90.5-91.5%</em></p>
<p><em><strong>[2]</strong> for correct final answer.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>yes<br><em><strong>AND</strong></em><br>«each Mg combines with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mfrac bevelled="true"><mn>2</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></mstyle></math> N, so» mass increase would be 14x<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mfrac bevelled="true"><mn>2</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></mstyle></math> which is less than expected increase of 16x<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>3 mol Mg would form 101g of Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> but would form 3 x MgO = 121 g of MgO<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>0.2614 mol forms 10.536 g of MgO, but would form 8.796 g of Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept Yes <strong>AND</strong> “the mass of N/N<sub>2</sub> that combines with each g/mole of Mg is lower than that of O/O<sub>2</sub>”</em></p>
<p><em>Accept YES<strong> AND</strong> “molar mass of nitrogen less than of oxygen”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>incomplete reaction<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>Mg was partially oxidised already<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>impurity present that evaporated/did not react ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “crucible weighed before fully cooled”.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept answers relating to a higher atomic mass impurity consuming less O/O<sub>2</sub>.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “non-stoichiometric compounds formed”.</em></p>
<p><em>Do <strong>not</strong> accept "human error", "wrongly calibrated balance" or other non-chemical reasons.</em></p>
<p><em>If answer to (b)(iii) is >100%, accept appropriate reasons, such as product absorbed moisture before being weighed.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>«1» Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> (s) + <strong>6</strong> H<sub>2</sub>O (l) → <strong>3</strong> Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub> (s) + <strong>2</strong> NH<sub>3</sub> (aq) ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>phenol red ✔</p>
<p><em><br>Accept bromothymol blue or phenolphthalein.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>: -3</em><br><strong><em>AND</em></strong><br><em>NH<sub>3</sub>: -3 ✔</em></p>
<p><em><br>Do not accept 3 or 3-</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Acid–base:</em><br>yes <strong>AND</strong> N<sup>3-</sup> accepts H<sup>+</sup>/donates electron pair«s»<br><strong><em>OR</em></strong><br>yes <strong>AND</strong> H<sub>2</sub>O loses H<sup>+</sup> «to form OH<sup>-</sup>»/accepts electron pair«s» ✔</p>
<p><em>Redox:</em><br>no <strong>AND</strong> no oxidation states change ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “yes <strong>AND</strong> proton transfer takes place”</em></p>
<p><em>Accept reference to the oxidation state of specific elements not changing.</em></p>
<p><em>Accept “not redox as no electrons gained/lost”.</em></p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[1 max]</strong> for Acid–base: yes <strong>AND</strong> Redox: no without correct reasons, if no other mark has been awarded</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Protons</em>: 7 <em><strong>AND</strong> Neutrons</em>: 7 <em><strong>AND</strong> Electrons</em>: 10 ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><span style="text-decoration:underline;">isotope</span>«s» ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>nitride <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>smaller nuclear charge/number of protons/atomic number ✔</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>nitrogen <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>electron lost from first «energy» level/s sub-level/s-orbital <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>magnesium from p sub-level/p-orbital/second «energy» level<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>nitrogen <em><strong>AND</strong> </em>electron lost from lower level «than magnesium» ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept “nitrogen <strong>AND</strong> electron lost closer to the nucleus «than magnesium»”.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><em>Any two of:</em></p>
<p>subatomic particles «discovered»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>particles smaller/with masses less than atoms «discovered»<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>«existence of» isotopes «same number of protons, different number of neutrons» ✔</p>
<p><br>charged particles obtained from «neutral» atoms<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>atoms can gain or lose electrons «and become charged» ✔</p>
<p><br>atom «discovered» to have structure ✔</p>
<p><br>fission<br><em><strong>OR</strong></em><br>atoms can be split ✔</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Accept atoms can undergo fusion «to produce heavier atoms»</em></p>
<p><em>Accept specific examples of particles.</em></p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[2]</strong> for “atom shown to have a nucleus with electrons around it” as both M1 and M3.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p><img 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"></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[1]</strong> for all bonding types correct.</em></p>
<p><em>Award <strong>[1]</strong> for <strong>each</strong> correct description.</em></p>
<p><em>Apply ECF for M2 only once.</em></p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Done very well. However, it was disappointing to see the formula of oxygen molecule as O and the oxide as Mg<sub>2</sub>O and MgO<sub>2</sub> at HL level.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Average performance; the question asked to identify a metal; however, answers included S, Si, P and even noble gases besides Be and Na. The only choice of aluminium; however, since its oxide is amphoteric, it could not be the answer in the minds of some.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">a(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Very good performance; some calculated the mass of oxygen instead of magnesium for the calculation of the amount, in mol, of magnesium. Others calculated the mass, but not the amount in mol as required.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mediocre performance; instead of calculating percentage uncertainty, some calculated percentage difference.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Satisfactory performance; however, a good number could not answer the question correctly on determining the percentage yield.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">b(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Poorly done. The question asked to evaluate and explain but instead many answers simply agreed with the information provided instead of assessing its strength and limitation.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Mediocre performance; explaining the yield found was often a challenge by not recognizing that incomplete reaction or Mg partially oxidized or impurities present that evaporated or did not react would explain the yield.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">c(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p style="text-align:left;">Calculating coefficients that balance the given equation was done very well.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Well done; some chose bromocresol green or methyl red as the indicator that would change colour, instead of phenol red, bromothymol blue or phenolphthalein.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Good performance; however, surprising number of candidates could not determine one or both oxidation states correctly or wrote it as 3 or 3−, instead of −3.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Average performance; choosing the given reaction as an acid-base or redox reaction was not done well. Often answers were contradictory and the reasoning incorrect.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">d(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Stating the number of subatomic particles in a <sup>14</sup>N<sup>3-</sup> was done very well. However, some answers showed a lack of understanding of how to calculate the number of relevant subatomic particles given formula of an ion with charge and mass number.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(i).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Exceptionally well done; A few candidates referred to isomers, rather than isotopes.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(ii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>There was reference to nitrogen and magnesium, rather than nitride and magnesium ions. Also, instead identifying smaller nuclear charge in nitride ion, some referred to core electrons, Z<sub>eff</sub>, increased electron-electron repulsion or shielding.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(iii).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Common error in suggesting nitrogen would have the greater sixth ionization energy was that for nitrogen, electron is lost from first energy level without making reference to magnesium losing it from second energy level.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">e(iv).</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>Good performance; some teachers were concerned about the expected answers. However, generally, students were able to suggest two reasons why matter is divisible.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">f.</div>
</div>
<div class="question" style="padding-left: 20px;">
<p>One teacher commented that not asking to describe bonding in terms of electrostatic attractions as in earlier papers would have been confusing and some did answer in terms of electrostatic forces of attractions involved. However, the question was clear in its expectation that the answer had to be in terms of how the valence electrons produce the three types of bonds and the overall performance was good. Some had difficulty identifying the bond type for Mg, O<sub>2</sub> and MgO.</p>
<div class="question_part_label">g.</div>
</div>
<br><hr><br>