File "markSceme-HL-paper1.html"
Path: /IB QUESTIONBANKS/5 Fifth Edition - PAPER/HTML/Chemistry/Topic 17/markSceme-HL-paper1html
File size: 172.65 KB
MIME-type: text/html
Charset: utf-8
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>IB Questionbank</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="css/application-02ef852527079acf252dc4c9b2922c93db8fde2b6bff7c3c7f657634ae024ff1.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="css/print-6da094505524acaa25ea39a4dd5d6130a436fc43336c0bb89199951b860e98e9.css">
<script src="js/application-9717ccaf4d6f9e8b66ebc0e8784b3061d3f70414d8c920e3eeab2c58fdb8b7c9.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" async src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML-full"></script>
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js'></script>
<![endif]-->
<meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token">
<meta name="csrf-token" content="iHF+M3VlRFlNEehLVICYgYgqiF8jIFlzjGNjIwqOK9cFH3ZNdavBJrv/YQpz8vcspoICfQcFHW8kSsHnJsBwfg==">
<link href="favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon">
</head>
<body class="teacher questions-show">
<div class="navbar navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="navbar-inner">
<div class="container">
<div class="brand">
<div class="inner"><a href="http://ibo.org/">ibo.org</a></div>
</div>
<ul class="nav">
<li>
<a href="../../../../../../../index.html">Home</a>
</li>
<!-- - if current_user.is_language_services? && !current_user.is_publishing? -->
<!-- %li= link_to "Language services", tolk_path -->
</ul>
<ul class="nav pull-right">
<li class="dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">
Help
<b class="caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/video_tour?locale=en">Video tour</a></li>
<li><a href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/instructions?locale=en">Detailed instructions</a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" href="https://ibanswers.ibo.org/">IB Answers</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://06082010.xyz">IB Documents (2) Team</a>
</li></ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="page-content container">
<div class="row">
<div class="span24">
<div class="pull-right screen_only"><a class="btn btn-small btn-info" href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/updates?locale=en">Updates to Questionbank</a></div>
<p class="muted language_chooser">
User interface language:
<a href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/en/users/set_user_locale?new_locale=en">English</a>
|
<a href="https://questionbank.ibo.org/en/users/set_user_locale?new_locale=es">Español</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="page-header">
<div class="row">
<div class="span16">
<p class="back-to-list">
</p>
</div>
<div class="span8" style="margin: 0 0 -19px 0;">
<img style="width: 100%;" class="qb_logo" src="https://mirror.ibdocs.top/qb.png" alt="Ib qb 46 logo">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>HL Paper 1</h2><div class="question">
<p>The graph shows values of Δ<em>G</em> for a reaction at different temperatures.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAqIAAAEICAYAAACEbpbmAAAgAElEQVR4Ae3dC1xUZf4/8M/gWO4K4q+ftIEU/tYSlFXUcjVX/4Aa6nZRa7HUFHUzWSzRSEtzA7rnDbXFayqaayUluru23sHV9RKVoKHimosJ0kZbDGAXGeb8X88Mc2GYy4G5MJfPeb14ceacZ57zPO/nzPDlOec5j0KSJAlcKEABClCAAhSgAAUo4GaBADcfj4ejAAUoQAEKUIACFKCAVsCHAlE16k5NxND2C7BapWnavJoSFK6JR7xCAYX2ZyTi38pDbvmNpun4igIUoAAFKEABClDAbQI+EoiqUVeyEBnP7MGxEIUZ3nVUfDANg7cPQJ8TFaiXJDSUT8CDxydj4qpjqDRLzZcUoAAFKEABClCAAu4R8P5AVNvbOQoDPxyNR6eENFfTnMTetWcQMmU6lg0KgxJAQNepmJOehNisA8gz7z1tngO3UIACFKAABShAAQq4QMDLA9EalG54BPdfno8di+5FsCWg2lKUHu2ByIgu2iBUnyQgNBr9sQe5p77Vb+JvClCAAhSgAAUoQAE3CogOQi9efo6wIftQMjMCIajBRQs10VSWoFh9k4U9YtN5lF75Bmo0DVKtJOZmClCAAhSgAAUoQAEnCnh5j6gSQdEiCLW2qFF3tRRnre3mdgpQgAIUoAAFKECBNhPw8kC0zdx4YApQgAIUoAAFKEABBwW8/NK8vdorEXh7JHrjFBx5UJN45JO9JS0tzV4S7qcABShAAQpQgAJeK7B06VKnl93HA1FADEqKUR5FoUW6ns0GMVlKZm/yKRGouqJxLJXFl7c9++yzdHRCA9PRcUQa0tBxAcdz4HnouKHIgY7Oc3ROTk1z8f1L80GRiBx6sXFQkrHyukFMUeh1R6BxI9coQAEKUIACFKAABdwm4PuBaMAgjErug6qUJUg9p9LCaipysCJzCw7PS8aiqA5uw+aBKEABClCAAhSgAAWMAr4fiKIjuo5ejD3LL+NcdGftFJ/twpdhY8/N2D57CEKNFlyjAAUoQAEKUIACFHCjgA/dI9oJPWZegjTTgl5QHBKeFj8W9nETBShAAQpQgAIUoECbCPhBj2ibuPKgFKAABShAAQpQgAJ2BBiI2gHibgpQgAIUoAAFKEAB1wgwEHWNK3OlAAUoQAEKUIACFLAjwEDUDhB3U4ACFKAABShAAQq4RoCBqGtcmSsFKEABClCAAhSggB0BBqJ2gLibAhSgAAUoQAEKUMA1AgxEXePKXClAAQpQgAIUoAAF7Aj40HNE7dSUuylAAQrYESgqKkJOTg6USn412qHibgpQgAJOEeC3rVMYmQkFKODtAtXV1Xj55Zexc+dO9O7dGyIo7du3r7dXi+WnAAUo4NECvDTv0c3DwlGAAu4SEIGnCELFcvbsWcTFxWHFihXuOjyPQwEKUMAvBRiI+mWzs9IUoIC5gAg8T58+jZiYGO0ulUqFuXPnYuzYsRC9pVwoQAEKUMD5AgxEnW/KHClAAS8VEJfiCwoKMGrUKEMNdu/ejW7dumm3GzZyhQIUoAAFnCLAQNQpjMyEAhTwFYHOnTsjOjoaeXl5CA4O1lZL9I7Gx8djzpw5vlJN1oMCFKCARwgwEPWIZmAhKEABTxMQl+TLysoQGxtrKNrKlSu1A5jE/aRcKEABClDAcQEGoo4bMgcKUMBHBUTvqLhUn5WVZahhcXExBzIZNLhCAQpQwDEBBqKO+fHdFKCAHwiIS/IcyOQHDc0qUoACbhdgIOp2ch6QAhTwRgH9QKbU1FRD8TmQyUDBFQpQgAKtEmAg2io2vokCFPBHAXGpXjxblAOZ/LH1WWcKUMAVAgxEXaHKPClAAZ8W4EAmn25eVo4CFHCjgH8EopoSFK6JR7xCAYX2ZyTi38pDbvkNN1LzUBSggC8JcCCTL7Um60IBCrSVgB8EotdR8cE0DN4+AH1OVKBektBQPgEPHp+MiauOobKt5HlcClDAJwQ4kMknmpGVoAAF2kjA9wNRzUnsXXsGIVOmY9mgMCgBBHSdijnpSYjNOoA8laaN6HlYClDAVwT0A5mSkpIMVeJAJgMFVyhAAQpYFfD9QLS2FKVHeyAyoos2CNVLBIRGoz/2IPfUt/pN/E0BClCg1QLiUn1OTg4HMrVakG+kAAX8UcDnA1FNZQmK1TdZadvzKL3yDdRW9nIzBShAgZYKiIFMYuYlSzMyiZmauFCAAhSggFHAxwNRNequluKssb5cowAFKOBygW7dumlnZEpPTzccS8zIJC7hi15TLhSgAAUooBPw8UCUzUwBClCg7QQyMjK0MzJFRERoC6FSqTBt2jSIXtPq6uq2KxiPTAEKUMBDBBSSJEkeUhaXFENzYRZG9zyFG/v2Ij+hi/EYqtWY3yUV21afxZczoprcP2pMpFsTj3ziQgEKUIACFKAABfxZwBUhoxhE7tOLGJQUozyKQou17NlsEJOlZPbgRaBqL42lfLmtqQAdm3q09hUdWytnfJ+rDHft2oWpU6dC9IzqF3H5XvSc+triKkNfc7JVHxra0pG/j47yrWylFI6uWHz/0nxQJCKHXmw2KEk3iCkKve4IdIUr86QABSjQTMDSQKbMzEztvaMcyNSMixsoQAE/EPD9QDRgEEYl90FVyhKkntP1QmgqcrAicwsOz0vGoqgOftDMrCIFKOApAhzI5CktwXJQgAKeIOD7gSg6ouvoxdiz/DLORXfWTvHZLnwZNvbcjO2zhyDUE1qBZaAABfxOgAOZ/K7JWWEKUMCCgM8PVrJQZ6dv4v0nziGlIx2dI+B4Lu48F8XoeTFN6JYtWwwFF6PsxWOe4uLiDNu8bcWdht5mI7e8NJQrZTsdHW37yN3rKkc/6BGVS8x0FKAABdwvYGlGpitXriA+Pt4nBzG5X5hHpAAFPFmAPaJOaB1X/ZfghKJ5VRZ0dE5z0dFxx7YyFAOWxKj6I0eOGCoRExMDMdpe3FvqTUtbGXqTkb2y0tCekLz9dJTnZC+VqxzZI2pPnvspQAEKuEmAA5ncBM3DUIACHiPAQNRjmoIFSUtLI4ITBOjoOGJbG/rCQKa2NnT8LGj7HGjonDago2c7MhB1TvswFwpQgAJOFRDz0hcVFSEpKcmQ7+7du7XPHC0oKDBs4woFKEABrxYQU3xycUwAEBMrWVrqpIrjc6V5Q5RiGlUJCJVC5q6RXj5WIdVbSu7L22q3S6/3uEWK21dlVkt5Rg3l26WNqaGNjpAQN19K2XpC+rzBLDtfe1mTL+1bFSfFac8fcQ79SuqV+ZGUX2NacXPDjhbPM7811J8TNfnS3sxeUmijpXLyMmllSbV+r+53w+fSx6vjpNsN3glS3Kqd0o6rP5mkM/d2/ec6Ly9PCg4ONp7/gJSenm5SJneu1knl7w+QlMrnpexqnoctk1dJpWu7N2lH/d+G0PXnDX8X5H1W3X8etqyurk/d1El8DnMsflYH3N7R5t/gpvn4w9+Xekm1f7jhu1B3Doq/L8Yf5bxD0jVtE8o7zxwxtBZBuf4M8qEjiMaztDRcTZemK4dLcasbA6aGz6UTr/Wy8AVu6d0+tK12j/T2U92kwbi7WSBqapT8TJokWTJq+Fj68PFOJl8ydVLFsanSZGXvZvn5kJokiXpP6SgpJ/9J2l6uC4QayjdLyx7rKCmnfygVN8YApoYiME97Jrn5eeavhvoTwlD/DxqD+GvShXeHS3G4X0o8+V1jqsYAa8g8adTjydqgwOBt+FKWJHNvi+es/rhO/P3vf/9bio2NbfLHIiYmRhLb3blo6x8KCaELmgSi5i48Dy21yiXp4NxbJNOgs1kqw7maIz2ePEeSJMvfd+be7joPm5W3jTaI+k+9eaqUov9nsuaglCs6KxI2Svlm340DRk3SdVrw74ud1roqFb4aLiFuubSjVodoep656m+05QjKTlG5u6mA5UC08T9fkw+F9l0NB6UN91jqGWyap2+80v0n9WSvN6V/npgpJTQLRJsapaWl6aptZtRwPkVKQKKUcv4HExbde43/tZns8pFVXb0tBO9aD/32poai6lpHGpqcBbr//pv14DUclDYOV0qGc6jhoPR2/M3aIOEZ/bkoSZJoh+GG3r/m3toDmXmbHNzpq6In1LTnQvSUbt682enHsZhh7R5pQ+ItUkxMJ7NAtLkLz0MLgtXZ0jw7/0Cbft8ZvhMl8++75t7ao7nxPLRQOzduuiQdSutk/Ozqj9zE12g0XXRy6BczI1NvfRKpmbdxj++u1Uu1JyeY/XNuNBTBveF8dLIh7xF12Y0VVSj/VxWUMd0Qaaoc0A2/jFXj2MEzqHTZsT0jY82F+Rg5piNi9s/BoM7tLBRKjpEGdVdLcVjZHdGhN5nk8XPc9stuQNYB5Kk0Jtt9ZzUgKhv7pE+Qn9DFQqWuofTKN9CAhhZwzDYp0em+g6ivfx0pwaYfRrNktaUoPdoDkRFdoDDZFRAajf7Yg9xT3wKyvE3e7IJVMZApPz8f4qH3YlGpVJg2bRrEPPbi4fiuW8rxyaqZ+EPQCrw5M8TsMDwPzUAsvtRUlqBYHYVedwRa3A+oZX7fyfG2cghf2Kzah70rIzBkRJ+msyMGp2Bx/ZnG70yjUccmH2jTv8H++/el2WlQl4s1z+bi2LxnsHJg58bdRkPrcYzjhja+lZsVkxtaIqApQ1nR91bfoS4uQ6lvxk+GOgeEzcZ7X2QipatpAGnYDcgyuoGvLpdBHWL6TWLMI0T9BUoqbxg3+M3aEIwb2g0BNGxdi2tKcPLN2Zh5ZAZeaJzqVxckWDlXcV4X+Mvybl2RWvIuMeOSGMg0ZswYw9v0A5nEducvatSdmo+56Q/ihcyH8H/mfzlkufj7Z1kfZHZAl3fvRphCoZ1yuv2UJcg4fg1qbaN9L+/7Tpa3888CT8nRENB3+hL734pHvNayN6Jf+jsKahv/sMoy8vdzUt+i11HxURYWnjR+H2r3uMnQ/OtEXyr+dlRA9K6c0321OJqV176/UySig2ycYrKMVNqeZa81cHbBNYXY9foWHJ7+GGb26ADQsIXCNbi47k4o2v0K9y4MQI+XJiIxTASfuiDhrL3cZHnby8Q5+8WMTOJB95s3b0ZwcLA2UzEjU79+/Zw/I1NdLv70YCVCj72GjHAL/xTKcvH3z3JjkDmkO37x5GlckyRIUj2+W3AdNWMnYeIp0Zut64Gye4bI8rabi5cm0H9WLyP3oTQsjtqGA1rL/fgw5HmMmp2HMyIWlWXk7+dk4ymgOYl9608Dc3+HmeEm/4y7ydBGlOCl5yiLTQGfFajEhXVP4NHLz2LlSw+gDz+9rWjpTugx85K4Nx4N5TPw0Efx6DtjJ85ovBdTzMQkekHFDEz6JTMzUztPvZipyeFFU4idf0jG8mfeQLbhkp3DufphBo3nXn66yVUiJQJ7TsYDUz5D7os7UaCxdsneD7nsVvkalK+uwd77ukKpTRuKqIkzMXtbJlIPfmP33UxgFNBc3In3D43EuEf6N73VwZjEpWve++3rUhYnZB4Uicheuo+HE3LzzSxkGQUj/C7z+9F8k8N2rSpxYc0o9J59D55cN9f4h4yGttls7A3omoIFL8YiZNN7WHfxBgJvj0RvG+m1u2R528vE+fvFjEwiGE1PTzdkLqYJFc8iFb2mrV+uo+KDWXi0LB3ZTw2A1U+iLBd+li23Q4juO+7sJZyrDZL3fSfL2/LRfGdrmPZ+7iZ/ZYXL0Iu622hkGfGcBGpw6cg+7E94GCkD9PeGNp4lbjJkIOqqT2VAN3Tr+3OruTcbxGQ1pQ/vkGV0k3ZQkrJKDBRuvlQ1G8TUPI3XbxH3M74+QheEFi9Hdi/dZVhtvWjohOa9jHNf1kEMSopRWrvfuKf2j16ALG8nFKmVWVgayDRu3Djt/PWtGsjUeMlOfSwN44Paae9pVCiCEZn8BVD5OmZ1DkfYhgvQyHLhZ9l+s7aX930ny9v+0bwzhRKdfv0wHrf6WW2slSwjnpPQFOJY7pXmA6sFo5sMGYi67JOo+y+32aAkTRn+/dlPCLkrzHrvgsvK5GkZyzEK0PZUDWs2KKnxfqthd6GXrftQPa3KLSyPpmIVFsT2xb37x+CFM2ZBqDYvGtonbbwvNGwhVlt4wkKV8j4kDrwFMOlNMf23xzAwQjvSWY63/RK5MoWlgUxbtmzR9o62eCBTwHBMP1ivvZVB3M6g+1GhdG13IHQBsqvLcW1GFAIgx8W/P8vQHMKmEe3Rfv5hsyemNI5MfnwExgW3l/l9J8fblWdZG+cdNACDJl5u/vQZcU/j0XgM6XNbk3PyepMPtOnfYD8/JwHoLsvHNH8CgbaJ5ZxnTjD03Wdiua9mlp8jqn/wdQ+p15oz0teiOJYepuu+Yrbpkaw+E1P70H+d0Wzx7EZLRoYHu+dIB7UzCll+wHObVtAVB6/dLi0Ws3KFzpLSm8zs0/RgugcOG88zqw8S1z4c388M9VS126U3YjoZP4vi41i+UprfZJt+xqDp0shpT2vfaf2B9kZvi+es/rht/Fs8X9T5MzI1PlvQ4gPtjS48D80bX/ecxiHK6caHsEv1Um3JbGnSzcnGz7jJ99202c/YeaC90duTz0NzCcdfW3jmZePfjpunfmA22UcPqdfIJOt/g028/ervi7YR9DMsmT+n29hCpn9fXPU3mg+0N3q3es1aICpJ16Tze1JMpviEpJy8WEr/p/9N8WktEJVnVC/Vfp4trTed4jN0ipT4zkkfnuKz8Y+9yZRrpg8xF+uGB7HLOs/80bDpR7rh6g5ph8kUn9ppYvec1/2B0idtnFLVOMWnmFJ1h9m0gd71uRYzL4kZmEzPHzFDU+tnZLIciPKzrD+JbP2ukyr+mS698ZjplJMbpOzPTaealftZ9a7z0JZK6/aJIH65iaWl6Y91RsYpPi39DZbr3bpSeva77Aei7vhcMxB1wlliPRB1QuZ+lIVh1gY/qrMrqkpHx1V90dDSjExiDntXLb5o6Cora/nS0JpMy7bTsWVe1lK7ypH3iLbxrS48PAUoQAF3CDh9IJM7Cs1jUIACPi/AQNTnm5gVpAAFKKATcOpAJqJSgAIUcIKADwWiYgq6iRjafkHzkbGaEhSu0U8DJqZVG4n4t/KQW27tUS1OkGUWFKAABTxQwK0zMnlg/VkkClDAswR8JBBVo65kITKe2YNjzeYkFw9knobB2wegz4kK1GtnVJmAB49PxsRVx8weo+FZjcPSUIACFHCVgMtnZHJVwZkvBSjgUwLeH4hqeztHYeCHo/HoFAvzfmhOYu/aMwiZMh3LBoVppwIL6DoVc9KTEJt1AHkWnivoUy3MylCAAhSwIuC6GZmsHJCbKUABCpgJeHkgWoPSDY/g/svzsWPRvTCZb8ZYTe0Dbns0mwpMzKLSH3uQe+pbY1quUYACFPBDAQ5k8sNGZ5Up4CECXh6I/hxhQ/ahZEkCogMs3++pmxXlJivc57Vz0qqt7OVmClCAAv4iwIFM/tLSrCcFPEvAywNRJYKiI2xMlalG3dVSnPUsc5aGAhSggEcKcCCTRzYLC0UBnxZQiAeX+kYNxXzS/RGZOR7Z519BSrCIsdWoOTAKUQnViNy3F/kJXYxVVa3G/C6p2Lb6LL6cEaW9d9S4s+maQqFousHCq7S0NAtbuYkCFKCAdwrU1tbixIkTOHvW+K/8gAED8Otf/xodOnTwzkqx1BSggEMCS5cudej9Ft9s7Qn6bba9Il2aYmNaQ900dXFS4slasyJannbO6tSS1dnSPKVSCl1/Xqo3y6mlLzmzUkvFLKd31awNlo/mu1vp6Hjb0tBomJqa2mR6UDF3vZwZmWhoNGztGg1bK9f0fXRs6tHaV65y9LxL82EZ2CJJYupRGz/52DEw0GJgbb5RDEqKUVq+fxTo2WwQk/n7+ZoCFKCAPwusWLEC+fn5CA7WDQdVqVQYN24c5syZg+rqan+mYd0pQAEnCHheIOqESjXJIigSkUMvNhuUpBvEFIVed8gLaJvkyRcUoAAF/EhADGQqKyvDmDFjDLVeuXIl9AOcDBu5QgEKUKCFAr4fiAYMwqjkPqhKWYLUcyotj6YiBysyt+DwvGQsiuK9Ti08Z5icAhTwQwH9QKasrCxD72hxcTH69esH0WvKhQIUoEBrBHw/EEVHdB29GHuWX8a56M4QA4/ahS/Dxp6bsX32EIS2Ro3voQAFKOCnAuKSfEFBAWJiYgwCc+fO1faO8lK9gYQrFKCATAEfCkQ7ocfMS5CuvdY4Yt5EICgOCU/nI99w3+lZlLyYiMRwa88XNXkvVylAAQpQoIlA3759UVRUhNTUVMP2I0eOQMzUtGvXLsM2rlCAAhSwJ+BDgai9qnI/BShAAQo4U8DWQCa1mlOFONOaeVHAVwUYiPpqy7JeFKAABdwgYG0g0+HDh7W9pm4oAg9BAQp4sQADUS9uPBadAhSggCcIWBrIJB6Ez4FMntA6LAMFPFuAgahntw9LRwEKUMBrBDiQyWuaigWlgMcIMBD1mKZgQShAAQp4v4B+INOoUaMMleFAJgMFVyhAATMBBqJmIHxJAQpQgAKOC0RHR3NGJscZmQMFfF6AgajPNzErSAEKUKBtBKwNZOKMTG3THjwqBTxRgIGoJ7YKy0QBClDARwQsDWTijEw+0risBgWcIMBA1AmIzIICFKAABWwLcCCTbR/upYC/CjAQ9deWZ70pQAEKuFlAP5CJMzK5GZ6Ho4AHCzAQ9eDGYdEoQAEK+KKArRmZOF+9L7Y460QB6wIMRK3bcA8FKEABCrhIQD+QKTY21nCElStXggOZDBxcoYBfCDAQ9YtmZiUpQAEKeJ6AGMhUUFCArKwsQ+E4kMlAwRUK+IUAA1G/aGZWkgIUoIDnCoiBTKdPn0ZMTIyhkHPnzsXYsWPBS/UGEq5QwCcFGIj6ZLOyUhSgAAW8S0AMZBK9o6YDmXbv3o1u3bppt3tXbVhaClBArgADUblSTEcBClCAAi4VEJfqxUCmvLw8BAcHa4+lUqkQHx8P0WvKhQIU8D0BpfUq1aP2i4PY+1md9SRiz80RCB/QE/1Dg3Cz7ZTcSwEKUIACFLArIC7Jl5WVaS/Ni3nqxSIGMoke05ycHIjeUy4UoIBvCNgIRKtRmpuE8QuqZNQ0Cnc89ypyXhiD+KB2MtIzCQUoQAEKUMC6gH4gk+ghFfeLikUMZBKj6jMyMthDap2OeyjgVQI2AtGf4dY+jyAx8b82KxRxuwrVJ/6Bt9+cg0m334l/zeqDjjbfwZ0UoAAFKEABeQLikrwIPqdOnaoNRMWlehGY6ntHRcDKhQIU8F4BG4FoIO747Rrs+K2Myt3Yhd5xjyD1veM4ltwHI93WKapGXcl6vLvhFTy5slJX0NApSNywENn3RyJEX3RNCQrXPYX5KQUo0G5LQNyqZKSMux+J4TfpU/E3BShAAQp4oIB+IJPoCRWX6MWiH8i0a9cubaDqgcVmkShAARkCzhms1P5/8T9d2gGVdaiRZBzVSUk05a8gte9KrPjFDnzeIEGS6lCRG4AOYx/CiNwrUGuPcx0VH0zD4O0D0OdEBeolCQ3lE/Dg8cmYuOoYGsNXJ5WI2VCAAhSggCsEOJDJFarMkwJtL+BYIFr/BUr2Z2PHG3Ox8q/1CBgRhRi39YbW4NKebdgU8ghmpQxGtLYmHRH2m5VY9KcGnEldh/UqDaA5ib1rzyBkynQsGxQG0QUc0HUq5qQnITbrAPJEGi4UoAAFKOAVAvqBTOYzMunnsfeKSrCQFKCAQcCxQPT7fdg69Sk8uvBTfHrXTKSmxqGHwpC3i1c6ocfMS5CuvYaUYAvVqLyEksobQG0pSo/2QGREF20Qqi9UQGg0+mMPck99q9/E3xSgAAUo4AUC+oFM5jMyiXtJxeAmLhSggPcIWIjgWlD4oIGInzQRv8/KQ+7hZVjWM7AFb3Zx0oRRSOzRAZrKEhSrrd0Heh6lV75pvITv4vIwewpQgAIUcKqA+YxM+oFMnJHJqczMjAIuFZAfiNb/hJ/M7/8MuBujlvwZb88Zi991/RGXj5RB5dLi2s9cU74cbz7VDn2eGI4hAWrUXS3FWftvYwoKUIACFPBCAf1AJs7I5IWNxyJTQNwuKVdB/VkKfrO2GF+bB6OQoP7vR/jguQGI3vApyuVm6Ip0dR9h07ws/HXOW9j+SESTS/GuOBzzpAAFKECBthfgQKa2bwOWgAKtFVBIktQstLSUmfrUeEQNuoSfrd2MQ0/G4FZxL6j0Fb7Y+wIWL9iK9cV34o4lW1D47K9xq6UM5G67loGkrpnYajN9HBJP/hU7BprcClD3Ed6eMR5/aJ+NvdmTMTxIF2NrLszC6J6ncGPfXuQndDHmqlqN+V1SsW31WXw5I8pm0KpQ2L/xNS0tzZg31yhAAQpQoE0E1Go1jh8/jsLCQsPxe/fujXvvvRdBQUGGbVyhAAVaLrB06dKWv8neO0QgKmu5cVo68FxXKRD9pF+tLZK+qXxfyvnDbVIgICli06S5/7gqVWtk5eT0RA3lm6Vlj3WUlJNzpIM1DU3zr86W5il7S3H7quRtb5pK1isRknNxXCAtLc3xTJiDREfHTwIaer9hVlaW6GQx/AQHB0timzctPA+d01p09GxH2Zfm0b4vRryciy2//wKfJ/dFl9BHMXXNLxD68kc49tc3sXxoOILtdxzai4tbuP86ru2/H8PDF+KN0C04YNITasgoKBKRQy82G5SkG8QUhV53mPSqGt7EFQpQgAIU8GYBDmTy5tZj2f1JQH4gKlTa34txWdvw9iRxeeN23LZsI04tGo3BbTK/vBp1p2Zg0siPcGz6n3Bw6SOIa7wc36QBAwZhVHIfVKUsQeo53VAqTUUOVmRuweF5yVgU1aFJcr6gAAUoQAHfENAPZEpKSjJUSD8jk5gilAsFKND2AjYCURVKtwxDdHR0k59fDXoe+ysUCMRVfJU+E30eeMiwv/dLR/Clu+qkOYIdL+Rqp+xUb0KX2v4AACAASURBVHoEMe0UEPdyGn/uQfz+bwB0RNfRi7Fn+WWci+6s3d8ufBk29tyM7bOHINRd5eVxKEABClDA7QJiIFNOTg7y8vIQHBysPb54zFN8fDxErykXClCgbQVszDWvxg/flOLcuWvNSnjuXOOmuk9RvudTw37FtVr8ZHjl4pWA4Zh+sB7T5RwmKA4JT4sfOYmZhgIUoAAFfE1APFu0qKgIU6dOxZEjR7TVE/PWi55RMV99t27dfK3KrA8FvELARo/o/6JvWoUYhSP7R7P2AdzlFdVmISlAAQpQwN8ERLApAs/09HRD1YuLiyEu4YteUy4UoID7BWwEou4vDI9IAQpQgAIUcLVARkYGTp8+jYiICO2hxKX6adOmgTMyuVqe+VOguQAD0eYm3EIBClCAAj4uIHpBxaV684FM+gFOPl59Vo8CHiPAQNRjmoIFoQAFKEABdwpYGsh05coV7UAm0WvKhQIUcL0AA1HXG/MIFKAABSjgwQL6gUyxsbGGUmZmZmrvHS0rKzNs4woFKOB8ARuB6H9RtKQX7vzDq3jq3cPY+4XKfSPinV9P5kgBClCAAhSwKsCBTFZpuIMCLhWwEYjejFuieiDmnxnInjgco+8MR/CQGRizbDvWnPwCX/6gcWnBmDkFKEABClDA3QIcyORucR7P3wVsBKKBuOPBXfiw+Bv858wO7FmTiLm/3IOSZych5d47EdF7BKJT3sSzO/6B/C/d+PxQf28x1p8CFKAABVwqwIFMLuVl5hRoImAjEG1MpwjGrb0T8dvkTXh9awUuqD5F4a50/GnsdfzfsUVY9mgshkVE4tb7kjE2txS6STSbHIMvKEABClCAAl4lwIFMXtVcLKwXC9gPRJtUTgFlp/64Z0wGZi09hb99VoHy4m3Ie2sYfh+Uh727P0d5k/R8QQEKUIACFPBeAQ5k8t62Y8m9Q6CFgahZpZS3omufSRj71DYs31mB/66+H73MkvAlBShAAQpQwJsFOJDJm1uPZfd0AccC0Sa1U6Jjpw5QNNnGFxSgAAUoQAHfEOBAJt9oR9bCswScGIh6VsVYGgpQgAIUoICzBTiQydmizM/fBRiI+vsZwPpTgAIUoECLBDiQqUVcTEwBmwIMRG3ycCcFKEABClDAsgAHMll24VYKtETAfiBaX4rPtj2GqaGzkFFRD+BHVJ3chI3HS1D07Y+QWnI0pqUABShAAQr4kAAHMvlQY7IqbSJgOxCVzuPIi8MRO/l9bOn4PWpqGwDU4krB83jiN79Cv/8Nwc8GP4741KVYVPg1ONdSm7QhD0oBClCAAm0sIAYy5efnIyIiQlsSlUqFadOmQfSaVldXt3HpeHgKeK6AjUBUg++PL8RTbwTg5ws/widnN2J5VAdjTf5nNIZP7o74uvdRsGoeXp2yBptrGIoagbhGAQpQgAL+JBAXF4eioiKMGTPGUO3du3dDP8DJsJErFKCAQcBGIPoVzhw8is9DH8Pzz9yHu39mlvSWYZi5qQh/P1ONr/KGIPTCB1iTX8lL9QZarlCAAhSggL8JiIFMu3btwubNmxEcHKyt/pUrV9CvXz+IXlMuFKBAUwGz6NJ051eo+FcdcN8gJPyv0nSH2XpH/OK+J5ESXYLif5biK7O9Ln9ZW4B9L0UjTKGAQqFA+ynLseqc2USjmhIUrolHfGMahWIk4t/KQ275DZcXjwegAAUoQAH/E5g6daq2dzQmJsZQ+czMTIhe07KyMsM2rlDA3wVsBKKNND/V4yd7I5I6DsbgUUFQn7iIM+I2UnctmkLsTBmDydUvYXtNAyTpGj7/7UfIi56E8af09+RcR8UH0zB4+wD0OVGBeklCQ/kEPHh8MiauOoZKd5WVx6EABShAAb8SEAOZxKX69PR0Q72PHDmivVQvek25UIACgI1A9P8QNfA24B+f4si3ahOrLug7Kx+Fqx9BXDv95k7o1OVmoLIONfaCVv1bHP6tRs2hBXj0vRRkpI9DXJCoSigixy/A5OH7kPfhZ7ogU3MSe9eeQciU6Vg2KAyibzeg61TMSU9CbNYB5Kl4X6vDTcEMKEABClDAqoClgUzjxo2D6DXlQCarbNzhJwI2AtHO6DHiAYz56n2s2F4C48VuBZRB0bgn4f8QYpjP87/4b/kPQGggOhm2uVpQiU73HUR9/etICbZRjdpSlB7tgciILtogVF+qgNBo9Mce5J76Vr+JvylAAQpQgAIuEbA0kGnLli0cyOQSbWbqTQI2IjgF2kfNxXMvanA19TmMe/csvlRb6u6UoC57B+9tvY6OCTEYYOglbQMGTQlOvjkbM4/MwAuzhyAUgKayBMXqm6wU5jxKr3wD0/5eKwm5mQIUoAAFKOCQAAcyOcTHN/uogI1AFICiOwalrcefk4tROHEwetz/HJ7I+Qh//qQUn1+8iC8v5eNk3h+Q9vgS5NyWjKcfi8EtbQJVg4vr7oSi3a9w78IA9HhpIhLDRPCpRt3VUpxtkzLxoBSgAAUoQIHmAhzI1NyEW/xXwHYgKmLRoNGYsLIAR94Zjcf+k4WN0+7H4wOi0DsyEhF3DcO9D6/Dqq+T8MTWF5F+18/bSLITesy8BEk7EGkGHvooHn1n7MQZjd3qtVF5eVgKUIACFPBnAQ5k8ufWZ91NBeRFau0j0f/xHdh84hxK9i/HhlcmIzExEYlzF2Phe0fwz5OrsWHQbTB53L3pMVq2fi0DSYbHLOkeySQey9T0Jx7jT9VZzDegawoWvBiLkE3vYd3FGwi8PRK9LabkRgpQgAIUoEDbCtgayKRW88axtm0dHt0dAgpJdCM6ZZFQ/5Maypvbw23jlSyWW42aA6MQlVCNyH17kT9wB+Z3WYvCPYeRn9DF+A7VasvbjSkMayIItrekpaXZS8L9FKAABShAAYsCIuj89NNPcezYMcP+O++8E8OGDUNQUJBhG1co0JYCS5cudf7hRSDq0KKplr4+vU7a+mIfKXjCB9LnDmXWkjerpNK13SWELpCyqxtM3lgvqfYPl5TK53XbGw5Kb8ffLIWuPy/Vm6RqOJ8iJSBRSjn/g8nW1q0C4q4ALo4KpKWlOZoF3y9JEh0dPw1oSEPHBVqXw+bNm6Xg4GDRQWT4SU9Pb11mfJdWgJ9n55wIrnKUd2neQvwr/fA5PsubhQUPRuCX/WZiyktnoGpvv+fQQlat3NQJPSa9jDduzUb2uyWoasxFU7Ear84rRI+3JiJRPNYpYBBGJfdBVcoSpDbOuKSpyMGKzC04PC8Zi6KcckNBK+vAt1GAAhSgAAWMAhzIZLTgmn8ItDAQ/RG1/34fua8NwQPRfXD3w6vxxp6fo92jGche8wDCv3Pzw+EDJ2De395GxtePIabxPtJ2j1eg7rVTKEjujRBtG3ZE19GLsWf5ZZyL7qy917Rd+DJs7LkZ2xsf8eQfTc1aUoACFKCANwjoBzI99NBDhuJyRiYDBVd8TMDWJPLGqqqv4PyhNdi1fSs2bq3EF2JP9wTc/eLjSB57H8b3vQ2dKjOQ/ZaTbjc1HtnuWkB4IhJfFD82kgbFIeFp8WMjDXdRgAIUoAAFPEjgrrvuQn5+vnYGpitXrkClUkHMyJSUlIQVK1ZAPJeUCwW8XcBGIKrGD+V/x+G/bMD76/+Od4rF6L1A3JyQismPP4Lk+wdh8C3tvb3+LD8FKEABClDAYwX0MzKJS/a7d+/WllPMyFRQUAAxX33fvn09tuwsGAXkCNi4NP8jaiuLcaGoGMdFEHr3U5h15Cy+3JOFrZOHMgiVo8s0FKAABShAAQcF9DMyZWVlITg4WJub6CHt168fxOOfuFDAmwVsBKKBuHXAIqStv4BPPt+ArfcfRe7ClXhhZyE+/8HN94J6szDLTgEKUIACFHCCwJw5c7Q9oTExMYbcMjMzIXpNq6urDdu4QgFvErARiOqr8TN0jn4CkzM/wZUPR2P8f55HcrcJeGj1ARR8W69PxN8UoAAFKEABCrhYQFyKLyoqQmpqquFIYiCTGOAkLtVzoYC3CcgIRPVVUqLDLxJw39OHcbTsBbzQaSPe7jcQ92TuwI7LKnD+B70Tf1OAAhSgAAVcKyAGK4mBTPpL9fqBTKLXlL2jrrVn7s4VaEEgajyw4md9MPDx97Dtizxsu/sEPp8bje5P/gXlfdoZE3GNAhSgAAUoQAGXCYhL8mVlZRgzZozhGCtXrtReqhe9plwo4A0CrQpEDRVTRiDqgSy8tOsMji94FI/1+wU4EZlBhysUoAAFKEABlwpYGshUXFysHcgkek25UMDTBRwLRPW1U9yCrr95Duvm/wZ36LfxNwUoQAEKUIACbhGwNJBp7ty5HMjkFn0exBEB5wSijpSA76UABShAAQpQwGEBDmRymJAZtIEAA9E2QOchKUABClCAAq4S4EAmV8kyX1cIMBB1hSrzpAAFKEABCrShAAcytSE+D90iAQaiLeJiYgpQgAIUoIB3CHAgk3e0k7+XkoGov58BrD8FKEABCvi0AAcy+XTzen3lGIh6fROyAhSgAAUoQAHbAhzIZNuHe9tOgIFo29nzyBSgAAUoQAG3CnAgk1u5eTAZAgxEZSAxCQUoQAEKUMBXBDiQyVda0jfqwUDUN9qRtaAABShAAQrIFuBAJtlUTOhiAQaiLgZm9hSgAAUoQAFPFeBAJk9tGf8pFwNR/2lr1pQCFKAABSjQTIADmZqRcIMbBXwrENUUYmdSINrPP4xKU0RNCQrXxCNeoYBC+zMS8W/lIbf8hmkqrlOAAhSgAAX8VkAMZMrLy0NwcLDWQKVSYdy4cRC9ptXV1X7rwoq7VsCHAtHrqPhgFp7aet1MTGyfhsHbB6DPiQrUSxIayifgweOTMXHVsaYBq9k7+ZICFKAABSjgTwJjx45FWVkZYmNjDdVeuXIlxACnoqIiwzauUMBZAj4SiKpRd24hnpvSgO6/Vja10ZzE3rVnEDJlOpYNCoPYG9B1KuakJyE26wDyVJqm6fmKAhSgAAUo4McCYiBTQUEBsrKyDArFxcXaYFT0mnKhgDMFfCMQrctF9sQcnN38IqYEmfHUlqL0aA9ERnTRBqH6vQGh0eiPPcg99a1+E39TgAIUoAAFKNAoIC7Jnz59GjExMdot4lL93LlzIXpNeamep4mzBHwgEC3HJ6vmY9Hdm7E7MRDtzGQ0lSUoVt9ktlX/8jxKr3wDtf4lf1OAAhSgAAUoYBAQA5lE72hqaqph2+7du9GtWzftdsNGrlCglQJeHoiqUXdqPn67Yja2rxyLbs1qo0bd1VKcbSUO30YBClCAAhTwdwFxqd7SQKb4+HjtQCZ/92H9HRNoFro5lp17360pfwWpQ75D3F9nIDHQq6viXjgejQIUoAAFKNBCAWsDmfSPf2phdkxOAa2A50Vv1zKQZHjMkv5xS+a/4/HcqRLsWpCFv76cgeyBna00pxKBt0eit5W93EwBClCAAhSggHwBDmSSb8WU8gQUkiRJ8pJ6VirNhVkY3XM19lstViJSzm9FdugmzO+yFoV7DiM/oYsxtWq15e3GFIY18exRe0taWpq9JNxPAQpQgAIU8BmB2tpanDhxAmfPGm+AGzJkCO6++24olWZPsPGZWvt3RZYuXep8ABGI+szScFDaOFwpKecdkq7pK9VwUHo7/mYpdP15qV6/TZKkhvMpUgISpZTzP5hsbd0qgNa9ke9qIpCWltbkNV+0ToCOrXMzfRcNTTVat07D1rmZvssbDL/77jspNTVVdGgZfoKDg6X8/HzTqrTpujc4timQzIO7ytHzLs07O9YOGIRRyX1QlbIEqedU2tw1FTlYkbkFh+clY1FUB2cfkflRgAIUoAAF/EKAA5n8opldWknfD0TREV1HL8ae5ZdxLrqzdorPduHLsLHnZmyfPQShLuVl5hSgAAUoQAHfF+BAJt9vY1fV0LcC0YDhmH6wHvWLhzUNMIPikPB0PvIlSVxDhySdRcmLiUgMt/Z8UVdxM18KUIACFKCAbwpwIJNvtqura+VbgairtZg/BShAAQpQgAI2BTgjk00e7jQTYCBqBsKXFKAABShAAQo4JsAZmRzz86d3MxD1p9ZmXSlAAQpQgAJuEuBAJjdBe/lhGIh6eQOy+BSgAAUoQAFPFuBAJk9unbYvGwPRtm8DloACFKAABSjg0wIcyOTTzetQ5RiIOsTHN1OAAhSgAAUoIFdAP5ApIiJC+xaVSoW5c+dC9JpWV1fLzYbpfEiAgagPNSarQgEKUIACFPB0ATGQqaioCElJSYai7t69G926dUNBQYFhG1f8Q4CBqH+0M2tJAQpQgAIU8BgBcak+JycHeXl5CA4O1pZL9I7Gx8cjIyPDY8rJgrhegIGo6415BApQgAIUoAAFLAiIS/KidzQ2NtawNzMzE6LXtKyszLCNK74rwEDUd9uWNaMABShAAQp4vID+knx6erqhrMXFxdpgVPSacvFtAQaivt2+rB0FKEABClDAKwTEJfnTp0/DdCDTtGnTOJDJK1qv9YVkINp6O76TAhSgAAUoQAEnClgbyKSfqcmJh2JWHiLAQNRDGoLFoAAFKEABClAAsDSQ6cqVKxzI5KMnBwNRH21YVosCFKAABSjgzQIcyOTNrSe/7AxE5VsxJQUoQAEKUIACbhTgQCY3YrfRoRiIthE8D0sBClCAAhSggDwBDmSS5+SNqRiIemOrscwUoAAFKEABPxPgQCbfbHAGor7ZrqwVBShAAQpQwOcEOJDJ55oUDER9r01ZIwpQgAIUoIBPC3Agk+80LwNR32lL1oQCFKAABSjgNwIcyOQbTe31gajmwiyMVCigMP8ZuQkFmsZG0pSgcE084g1pRiL+rTzklt/wjVZkLShAAQpQgAJ+KsCBTN7d8F4eiKpRd7UUh4dvRH6DBEky+dk3HXHa2l1HxQfTMHj7APQ5UYF6SUJD+QQ8eHwyJq46hkrvbj+WngIUoAAFKOD3ArYGMn333Xd+7+PJAF4eiF7BJ/sKgf7dEGmtJpqT2Lv2DEKmTMeyQWFQAgjoOhVz0pMQm3UAeSp9t6knNxPLRgEKUIACFKCALQFrA5k2bdqEXbt22Xor97WhgLXwrQ2L1IJDa8rw789+QshdYQix9rbaUpQe7YHIiC7aIFSfLCA0Gv2xB7mnvtVv4m8KUIACFKAABbxcQD+QKSYmRluT7t27Q/SYcvFMAe8ORLVBZgT+p3wjfh/WeJ9oWBLGbzuFksaOTk1lCYrVN1nRP4/SK99AbWUvN1OAAhSgAAUo4H0CYiBTUVER0tPTMXjwYIjXXDxTwKsDUV2Q2Q2hQ+Zg47XG+0NLp2D8x79D/OJTqIJGew/pWc+0Z6koQAEKUIACFHChgBjIdOutt7rwCMzaUQFxy6TXLgFR2dgnmRU/KBYJD0ZCmbAMGWM343Wz3XxJAQpQgAIUoAAFKOAZAgpJDDX3pOVaBpK6ZmKrzTLFIfHkX7FjYKDFVOKRTqN7nsKNfXtx6I50w3p+QhdjetVqzO+Sim2rz+LLGVFN7h81JtKtiUdD2VvS0tLsJeF+ClCAAhSgAAUo4LUCS5cudXrZPa9HNCwDW6QMbHFSVcWgpBjlURRazK9ns0FMlpLZi9VFoOqKxrFUFl/e9uyzz9LRCQ1MR8cRaUhDxwUcz4HnoeOGIgc6Os/ROTk1zcWL7xGtwcV1d0IRthCrmzyCqfHZosr7kDjwFiAoEpFDLzYblKS7vzQKve6w3KvalImvKEABClCAAhSgAAWcLeDFgWgn9Jj0Mt64NRvZ75agSi9Ttx871p5Br+3JeDI4AAgYhFHJfVCVsgSp51TaVJqKHKzI3ILD85KxKKqD/p38TQEKUIACFKAABSjgRgEvDkQBBE7AvL+9jYyvH0OMfvrOB4/g9O//gYOJEY33fXZE19GLsWf5ZZyL7qydCrRd+DJs7LkZ22cPQagbsXkoClCAAhSgAAUoQAGjgOfdI2osm6y1gPBEJL4ofmwkD4pDwtPix0Ya7qIABShAAQpQgAIUcKuAd/eIupWKB6MABShAAQpQgAIUcKYAA1FnajIvClCAAhSgAAUoQAHZAgxEZVMxIQUoQAEKUIACFKCAMwUYiDpTk3lRgAIUoAAFKEABCsgWYCAqm4oJKUABClCAAhSgAAWcKcBA1JmazIsCFKAABShAAQpQQLYAA1HZVExIAQpQgAIUoAAFKOBMAQaiztRkXhSgAAUoQAEKUIACsgUYiMqmYkIKUIACFKAABShAAWcKMBB1pibzogAFKEABClCAAhSQLcBAVDYVE1KAAhSgAAUoQAEKOFOAgagzNZkXBShAAQpQgAIUoIBsAQaisqmYkAIUoAAFKEABClDAmQIMRJ2pybwoQAEKUIACFKAABWQLMBCVTcWEFKAABShAAQpQgALOFGAg6kxN5kUBClCAAhSgAAUoIFuAgahsKiakAAUoQAEKUIACFHCmAANRZ2oyLwpQgAIUoAAFKEAB2QIMRGVTMSEFKEABClCAAhSggDMFfCAQvY5rJ57B/KHtoVAooFCMRPyakyjRmDBpSlC4Jh7x2v2Nad7KQ275DZNEXKUABShAAQpQgAIUcKeAlwei11GxIx6/zI7ByI9+giTVo/bcvRjwThzu23gBaq3kdVR8MA2Dtw9AnxMVqJckNJRPwIPHJ2PiqmOodKc2j0UBClCAAhSgAAUoYBDw7kBUtQUrJ/2Ie6fcj+FBoipKBPZchEWZQ1CVsgXrVRpAcxJ7155ByJTpWDYoDEoAAV2nYk56EmKzDiBPpOFCAQpQgAIUoAAFKOB2AS8ORNWo+XgnsnA/EgfeYgKnRKf7DqK+/nWkBAcAtaUoPdoDkRFdtEGoPmFAaDT6Yw9yT32r38TfFKAABShAAQpQgAJuFPDiQPR7fHW5DOphv0T0l2uxYU6Y7h7RsCSM31OKqkZETWUJitU3WSE9j9Ir3zRewreShJspQAEKUIACFKAABVwi4MWBaBXK/1UF1G1H4sRK1M8rgyRJkC4+ioRNQzEi9wrUUKPuainOuoSOmVKAAhSgAAUoQAEKOCLgxYFoY7WPhyAx9wWkdG3s9QxMwPjkPjg3cS3WqyRHbPheClCAAhSgAAUoQAEXCoixO561XMtAUtdMbLVZqjg8cyoH94s0oXciOtT00rsSgbdHYpj6C5RUNmjXe+MUHHlQk3gslL3l2WeftZeE+2UI0FEGkowkdJSBZCcJDe0AydhNQxlIdpLQ0A6QzN10lAnVBsk8LxANy8AWKQNb7GKoUaMaAOVK272eYlBSjPIoCi3m17PZICZLycQlfy4UoAAFKEABClCAAs4V8OJL8+JRTUMwpdnId919oYeHDEJc+E1AUCQih15sNihJN4gpCr3uCHSuKHOjAAUoQAEKUIACFJAl4MWBKBAQ/gT+kPkdCl5/B7l1uueBaiq2Yd3aM+g1+xGMCwwAAgZhVHIfVKUsQeo5lRZFU5GDFZlbcHheMhZFdZAFxUQUoAAFKEABClCAAs4V8OpAFAjHPQs/xoW0QvytRzvt45vaDchH4fSjOJgY0fjc0I7oOnox9iy/jHPRnXVpwpdhY8/N2D57CEKd68ncKEABClCAAhSgAAVkCigk3gApk4rJKEABClCAAhSgAAWcKeDlPaLOpGBeFKAABShAAQpQgALuFGAg6k5tHosCFKAABShAAQpQwCDAQNRAwRUKUIACFKAABShAAXcKMBB1pzaPRQEKUIACFKAABShgEGAgaqDgCgUoQAEKUIACFKCAOwUYiLpTm8eiAAUoQAEKUIACFDAIMBA1UHCFAhTwWAHVajwXptA+B1ihsP67/fzDqPTYSjijYGrUncvCcyM2oUA3h4czMm1dHrLa5B7E7//Gcv6aQ9gQ9gBmXfix+X7NIWwa0R6KkZbqWYkLa2IQpuiN6LVnUdX83dxCAQp4kQADUS9qLBaVAn4rEJyCN69JEI891v5UZ2N+KKCcdwjX9NskCfWLh/n4JBVX8PGmDCxu5wFnglmbNJxPQQLuRty+KmM7SZ8gP6GL5cLWluJsuzFI7NGS2e1EEDoKw1JuQ+S7uShI7o0Qy7lzKwUo4CUCDES9pKFYTApQgAKeK1CDS0f2YX9oAhIH3iKjmGrUnPoL8l4ciiGy/woZg9Be+zfhwGNRDEJlSDMJBTxdQPZXgKdXhOWjAAUoAFzHtRPPYP7Q9o2X8Uci/q39KKjVX8f+AoefDYZi5Bt45y8TkaS/3B//HFJPlkN1LgtvTgjUvTcsCROPV0KtZdW/Lxt7j04ze9+1xjSN/poSFK6JR7z+FoL45zDrowvGS8iq1Zjfvj1ufWa54Vj6Wwo05bnIfSkaYfr3KkzLL8rQH8OX1QD7f4/4duKy99eoOTACYQrzS+CN5Q1biNUqDWDjmLBXXlmnVRXK/1UF9L4TvYLk/Fm5go/frcJDQ7s1TsVs7yBNg9C993WV+T57+XI/BSjQ1gJyvjHauow8PgUoQAEZAtdRsSMeEf/vG5S/+SXqxSX72lRMOv4w7puzC2f0sajIaf8qpBU8gmmlDZAainHw7new6t7b0eWNm3DH0m8hSddw/o9FyI19Ga+U3zAee/9TeHDDPRhV+JM2zYWZn+LMvU9i4qlqXRpNIXZOG4jBJ36HJ8tFmnrUZv+I2jFjMCL3iiFgVYSoUfVeCb78YwWkhgs48Fh/hNa9iyUPPIGM9utwoEF3C0JD+f0Y9O5DGJ9diCp0x7Cln+FQWicgYSPyG8Rlbzm9j7qiWTymzPIaAaysacpQVvQ9lDHdECnnr4pqH/5yMFnmZflqw+V40RPKINRKG3AzBbxUQM5XhpdWjcWmAAX8SkC1BSsnnUbI6oXYOjhU12MW+Fs8sXYx5m7NQOpBk0EzoVORkT4OcaL3LqAXBozshVAk4smFv8eErjcBCEWP+CEYpv4YR87VGBlDZ+GF12YY0kQ+tg5/TDuKvA8/QyU0qDm0AE9t/a1JPkoE9lqGP310CoI1pgAABPpJREFUO85NXIv1oneycVE+PgmLegUDAZGI6x+ImhMbsagkBbNSBiO68Zs5oOtUTEsKR1V+CUqMb9Vn0eLfzY7ZgvLaPFhtKS4cAULuCpNxuVyNmo93Yv2E7jKC1q9RuSYWw1LO+PggNJu63EkBnxZgIOrTzcvKUcBfBHTBzTZ1DCIjujS9bBsUiajY8zh28Ay+dZSjd3/EhYlAVb+EIPyuEKi3HUSe6mt8sq8QlaF3IjrUNI0SgbdHYpj6AHJPWSuBEp3uO4j6+pcxpXwDMjIysGzZH7FhThQik7/QH8zJv684UF7Toujtx2GcrEvt36Py0ne4d0Qf+wPL9i/AxKduQ6+/F2DHlH/iUNLrTXuoTYvBdQpQwCsFGIh6ZbOx0BSggGWBT1EwMqTpY57ajcDvD+nu9DS8R/a9jIZ32F6pvISSysZL+JWvY1bndk3K0K7nauy3nQNQ9xHentAZQb/KxOqa21Bb2w4VcX/Bx2u7A2cv4ZzhPld7GbVwf2vLazjM9/jqcpmFANyQoOmKphD/eG2EzEFNCRguLsePisUjr72G57uvw6sL38UhV1k0LSlfUYACbhBQuuEYPAQFKEABNwkkIuX8VmRHWXskkIt6F017QcX9m3+fjjhr/+arLFHU4OKfZ2PGkalIv7ocGeH6HlUx6MjFT8q0V15LxW2yrWUDlTQXd+KlcQ/j42BrQCaZJzyKRcMbByZ1TcELS0/i5KAFmNArCiXPD5RxG4BJXlylAAU8UkDGN4FHlpuFogAFKGAioESnXz+Mx5XFOHb2P4ZBQdoEde9i8eAOCNtwAQ7fZtmsZ1IXhCkfH4FxwbfinpEDoDz8CQqumQxwghp1pyYiXjHe8sPbtYXUB3Nml/4136K6qsGknuarusv+vc03y3od4UB5TQ7QooFKNfhX/knc+UCM/cvyJofQrSoROHAxlrzaDlULnmgy+KtZUm6gAAW8RoCBqNc0FQtKAQrYFAhOQuqfg3Fu4h8xRf/YpdpD+GBRGp67+XWsnNADDn/hVeYgIzOv8XFQ4pFCD2Pkykl4YfYQhCIAnYa/jvcnbsWrCzfg3QoRjKpRd/4VvDR3J0peT0OG1Z5aXVAYuv99vHKoQhdIa0pw8s2peGrrdZNq6+5J1W34EVVVagT0eBiPDi/GsW17Gi9ZV6L0vZl4WTzmyeaidKC8xoxFD+f7h2IwRM49n6jC1Y+BXncEGjNo0Vo47pm9Dhse+zfOpC7h/aItsmNiCnimgMPfy55ZLZaKAhTwP4GO6Dp+N87uDkL4c3egvXgWZ6c5SL9lJXa8MwuJgU74uoubjHkx72NzpLgHNAy9TyRhWfHrxkvpAQPw8J/+hj0DPsD68JuhULRH0PB/oyzlCPLn27qULILCldi9+gYaEsJ1ZQ9fjOVhy7Hz3Tgoq6TG5uyEOx+Yjee/n4n4dr9EzK5LUAfEYvyqxXilfhZGdBLlmork7xZg0eru9k+BVpdXn7UadVdLcRa/lBdctuixTfpjmP0O/C2mL3kW05GNzMnZyK1zuJ/b7AB8SQEKuFNAIYn58rhQgAIUoIANgcaHyZ/Nsn3/p40cuIsCFKAABZoLOKGLoHmm3EIBClCAAhSgAAUoQAF7AgxE7QlxPwUoQAEKUIACFKCASwR4ad4lrMyUAhSgAAUoQAEKUMCeAHtE7QlxPwUoQAEKUIACFKCASwT+P1troM1hxvUuAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC"></p>
<p>Which statement is correct?</p>
<p>A. The standard entropy change of the reaction is negative.</p>
<p>B. The standard enthalpy change of the reaction is positive.</p>
<p>C. At higher temperatures, the reaction becomes less spontaneous.</p>
<p>D. The standard enthalpy change of the reaction is negative.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>The graph shows Gibbs free energy of a mixture of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>(g) and NO<sub>2 </sub>(g) in different proportions.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;">N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>(g) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" class="wrs_chemistry"><mo>⇌</mo></math> 2NO<sub>2 </sub>(g)</p>
<p>Which point shows the system at equilibrium?</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>A mixture of 0.40 mol of CO (g) and 0.40 mol of H<sub>2 </sub>(g) was placed in a 1.00 dm<sup>3 </sup>vessel. The following equilibrium was established.</p>
<p>CO (g) + 2H<sub>2 </sub>(g) <img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAB0AAAAWCAYAAAA8VJfMAAABFklEQVRIDeWUIQ7CMBSGO9wMCoOt5QoVGM7AGSZw6CUcYVfYARAwMSSKBIJCkRSPKg5CUvKTDkJWoB2DhoXQpKLv9f1f0vf+egBAvrxqX+ZluF+HHshmMiaL3an48VRPnSwxRciaoN0YXNoViT1dMisSBLQOGiQQllK3UAByHaHtN8DCqRHsHApIiLQHSszgHFQgDajyrMPdAOsNH3qcg1qa8EFK8iWWQp8sT+kVz7jbG5V8Drnn3YMnfTDfZU+VVgcRP2oNykEvccljdJXXXjC5plTi8ABVtTdwgclLcLSrT6EZ+GrydrSCPnta/VsHIzQz+WwA5rcQpNu3xE1FFqgq2YOnI8zvfGYSezX+Pz6t5HOoBHoG7fbWQ+6ds6MAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" alt> CH<sub>3</sub>OH (g)</p>
<p>At equilibrium, the mixture contained 0.25 mol of CO (g). How many moles of H<sub>2 </sub>(g) and CH<sub>3</sub>OH (g) were present at equilibrium?</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Components X and Y are mixed together and allowed to reach equilibrium. The concentrations of X, Y, W and Z in the equilibrium mixture are 4, 1, 4 and <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\text{2 mol}}\,{\text{d}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 3}}">
<mrow>
<mtext>2 mol</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow>
<mtext>d</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mtext>m</mtext>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>−</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</math></span> respectively.</p>
<p>X + 2Y <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \rightleftharpoons ">
<mo stretchy="false">⇌</mo>
</math></span> 2W + Z</p>
<p>What is the value of the equilibrium constant, <em>K</em><sub>c</sub>?</p>
<p>A. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{1}{8}">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>8</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>B. <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="\frac{1}{2}">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</math></span></p>
<p>C. 2</p>
<p>D. 8</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span class="fontstyle0">Which statement is correct for a spontaneous reaction?</span></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="321" height="177"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>Nearly all candidates knew that <img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="23" height="17"> is negative for a spontaneous reaction, however some were confused about the effect on the equilibrium constant.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>At 700 ºC, the equilibrium constant, <em>K</em><sub>c</sub>, for the reaction is 1.075 × 10<sup>8</sup>.</p>
<p>2H<sub>2</sub> (g) + S<sub>2</sub> (g) <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \rightleftharpoons ">
<mo stretchy="false">⇌</mo>
</math></span> 2H<sub>2</sub>S (g)</p>
<p>Which relationship is always correct for the equilibrium at this temperature?</p>
<p>A. [H<sub>2</sub>S]<sup>2</sup> < [H<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2</sup> [S<sub>2</sub>]</p>
<p>B. [S<sub>2</sub>] = 2[H<sub>2</sub>S]</p>
<p>C. [H<sub>2</sub>S] < [S<sub>2</sub>]</p>
<p>D. [H<sub>2</sub>S]<sup>2</sup> > [H<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2</sup>[S<sub>2</sub>]</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>1.0 mol of N<sub>2</sub>(g), 1.0 mol of H<sub>2</sub>(g) and 1.0 mol of NH<sub>3</sub>(g) are placed in a 1.0 dm<sup>3</sup> sealed flask and left to reach equilibrium. At equilibrium the concentration of N<sub>2</sub>(g) is 0.8 mol dm<sup>−3</sup>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">N<sub>2</sub>(g) + 3H<sub>2</sub>(g) <span class="mjpage"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext=" \rightleftharpoons ">
<mo stretchy="false">⇌</mo>
</math></span> 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g)</p>
<p>What are the equilibrium concentration of H<sub>2</sub>(g) and NH<sub>3</sub>(g) in mol dm<sup>−3</sup>?</p>
<p><img src="images/Schermafbeelding_2018-08-07_om_09.56.26.png" alt="M18/4/CHEMI/HPM/ENG/TZ1/23"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>1.0 mol each of sulfur dioxide, oxygen, and sulfur trioxide are in equilibrium.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><math class="wrs_chemistry" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>SO</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo> </mo><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>+</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo> </mo><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>⇌</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>SO</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo> </mo><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>)</mo></math></p>
<p>Which change in the molar ratio of reactants will cause the greatest increase in the amount of sulfur trioxide?</p>
<p>Assume volume and temperature of the reaction mixture remain constant.</p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="498" height="181"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>D</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Which combination describes the system at equilibrium?</p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Which is correct for a reaction with a positive change in Gibbs free energy, ΔG<sup>θ</sup>?</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A. The formation of reactants is favoured.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B. The formation of products is favoured.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C. The reaction is at equilibrium.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">D. The reaction is spontaneous.</span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>A</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>The higher scoring candidates did better on identifying the direction of spontaneity given a positive Δ<em>G</em></p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Which is correct for a redox reaction where the standard electrode potential is negative?</p>
<p>Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup> = −<em>n</em><em>FE</em><sup>Θ</sup> and Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup> = −<em>RT</em> ln <em>K</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p>A. Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup> is negative and <em>K</em> is less than 1.</p>
<p>B. Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup> is negative and <em>K</em> is greater than 1.</p>
<p>C. Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup> is positive and <em>K</em> is less than 1.</p>
<p>D. Δ<em>G</em><sup>Θ</sup> is positive and <em>K</em> is greater than 1.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Iodine and bromine gases were mixed and allowed to reach equilibrium.</span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" width="386" height="181"></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">What is the value of the equilibrium constant?</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">A. 0.05</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">B. 1</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">C. 4</span></span></p>
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">D. 10</span></span></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>C</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>This was a challenging question with the highest discrimination index on the paper. 62 % of the candidates were able to deduce the equilibrium concentration of IBr and calculate the equilibrium constant correctly. The most commonly chosen distractor was B where the stoichiometric ratio was not taken into account when calculating the equilibrium concentration of IBr.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Which corresponds to a system at equilibrium?</span></p>
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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"></p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Markscheme</h2>
<div class="question">
<p>B</p>
</div>
<h2 style="margin-top: 1em">Examiners report</h2>
<div class="question">
[N/A]
</div>
<br><hr><br>