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</div><h2>SL Paper 1</h2><div class="question">
<p>What happens in crossing over?</p>
<p>A. Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes <br> B. Exchange of genes during metaphase of mitosis <br> C. Random distribution of chromosomes during meiosis <br> D. Homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p align="LEFT">During which stage of meiosis does crossing over usually occur?</p>
<p align="LEFT">A. Prophase I</p>
<p align="LEFT">B. Metaphase I</p>
<p align="LEFT">C. Prophase II</p>
<p>D. Metaphase II</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>The diagram shows a pedigree chart.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt></p>
<p>What does it reveal about the inheritance of the blood disorder beta-thalassaemia?</p>
<p>A. The allele is autosomal recessive.<br>B. The allele is autosomal dominant.<br>C. The allele is sex-linked.<br>D. The allele is co-dominant.</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br><div class="question">
<p>Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane?</p>
<p>A. Nucleus</p>
<p>B. Lysosome</p>
<p>C. Chloroplast</p>
<p>D. Mitochondrion</p>
</div>
<br><hr><br>