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<div id="main-column" class="span9"> <article id="tenses-progressive" style="margin-top: 16px;">
<h1 class="section-title">Tenses progressive</h1>
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<section class="span12" id="main-content">
<h4><span style="color:#000080;"><em>We call tenses 'progressive' (or 'continuous' according to some grammar books) if they include the '-ing' structure. </em></span></h4><h4><span style="color:#000080;"><em>Such progressive tenses exist to indicate an action which was happening at the same time as another action occurred. They could be seen as 'background' tenses, which provide a context for 'foreground' tenses. This means that they are very often used with the word 'when' to link the two verbs together - e.g. "</em></span><span style="color:#008000;"><em>I was walking down the street <strong>when</strong> I saw Maria</em></span><span style="color:#000080;"><em>."</em></span></h4><h4><span style="color:#0000FF;"><em>When you have reviewed the various tenses explained below, try the Practice Exercise.</em></span></h4><hr class="hidden"><h2><span style="color:#0000CD;">Present</span></h2><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="noborder" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/tenses-5.jpg" style="width: 358px; height: 196px;"></p><p>For example:</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="color:#008000;"><em><strong>"I'm really glad you called, because I am talking to Laura right now - so I can pass on the message."</strong></em></span></p><hr class="hidden"><h2><span style="color:#0000CD;">The past-to-present</span></h2><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="noborder" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/tenses-6.jpg" style="width: 462px; height: 218px;"></p><p>For example:</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="color:#008000;"><em><strong>"I have been thinking of calling you all morning, but I haven't had time..."</strong></em></span></p><hr class="hidden"><h2><span style="color:#0000CD;">Definitely past</span></h2><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="noborder" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/tenses-8.jpg" style="width: 498px; height: 228px;"></p><p>For example:</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="color:#008000;"><em><strong>"I was living in California when I first heard about the IB."</strong></em></span></p><hr class="hidden"><h2><span style="color:#0000CD;">Past-beyond-the-past</span></h2><p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="noborder" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/tenses-7.jpg" style="width: 678px; height: 228px;"></p><p>For example:</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="color:#008000;"><em><strong>"My family had been living in Indonesia for four years when my mother was offered a job in Japan."</strong></em></span></p><p>.</p><h3><span style="color:#0000FF;"><em>Practice exercise</em></span></h3><p><span style="color:#006400;"><span style="font-family:comic sans ms,cursive;">> Run through the following questions to see how well you can choose the right progressive tense.</span></span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;"><em>Note that this is a 'dynamic quiz' </em></span><span style="color:#FF0000;"><em><span style="font-family:comic sans ms,cursive;">- the questions change every time you open this page!</span></em></span></p><div class="tib-quiz" data-structure="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" data-question-ids="794,795,1079,1829,1828,772"> <div class="exercise" data-id="794,795,1079,1829,1828,772">
<div class="q-question">
<p>He ......................... for three hours when the bus finally arrived.</p>
</div>
<div class="q-answer">
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="ef8aedfba752a34e8df9d1f23df2b91c"><input type="radio"> waited</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="91b7494b5033aad2729ce138a08ba9e0"><input type="radio"> had been waiting</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="c1af89d9dc949ad6a0174a72fac9d4b4"><input type="radio"> was waiting</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="dadd9735a6d66e294aa238a37cb74d97"><input type="radio"> has been waiting</label></p>
</div>
<div class="q-explanation">
<p><span style="color:#0000FF;"><span style="font-family: comic sans ms,cursive;">The waiting is continuous up to the moment when the bus arrived - the past tense of "arrived" means that the verb 'wait' has to be one step further back in the past: the 'had + ing' form.</span></span></p>
</div>
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<div class="exercise" data-id="794,795,1079,1829,1828,772">
<div class="q-question">
<p>Q: Why are Rachel's eyes all red like that?</p>
<p>A: Probably because she ..................... on her Extended Essay for hours, staring at her laptop.</p>
</div>
<div class="q-answer">
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="b699dea537f60e81caeb1f62954d41c1"><input type="radio"> worked</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="038703c7230ae012e3c783ace1d09d64"><input type="radio"> works</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="337fa2c666d7f7314c2154c3e99d53b9"><input type="radio"> is working</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="afc878d551c338d978c0c03a6a56ba31"><input type="radio"> has been working</label></p>
</div>
<div class="q-explanation">
<p><span style="color:#0000FF;"><span style="font-family: comic sans ms,cursive;">If Rachel's eyes are still so red, the work with the laptop must be recent and linked to the present, so requiring the 'have + ing' form.</span></span></p>
</div>
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<div class="exercise" data-id="794,795,1079,1829,1828,772">
<div class="q-question">
<p>Q: Why was Giovanni in such a bad mood when he arrived last night? He's usually so happy.</p>
<p>A: Well, he told me that he ...... a serious row with his parents.</p>
</div>
<div class="q-answer">
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="70e1e10b42efc74d67edc23e41979c0f"><input type="radio"> has having</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="462d24cdcfc495bf3322a92b54098e89"><input type="radio"> was having</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="3309a7a7941818e131b4dfb9a6349914"><input type="radio"> has</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="b72127e9058dd74b9add832dca136037"><input type="radio"> had been having</label></p>
</div>
<div class="q-explanation">
<p><span style="color:#0000FF;"><span style="font-family:comic sans ms,cursive;">The correct answer 'had been having' is to suggest that the row had happened just before he arrived.</span></span></p>
</div>
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<div class="exercise" data-id="794,795,1079,1829,1828,772">
<div class="q-question">
<p>"We ...... online for two hours when suddenly the server crashed - just as we were about to win!"<label class="radio" data-answer="d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e"><span></span></label> </p>
</div>
<div class="q-answer">
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="d1b335c1c6e53281edbff438ff2af54f"><input type="radio"> <span>played</span></label> </p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="623fceac0482c562e4bfadda58d48938"><input type="radio"> <span>were playing</span></label> </p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="2a153a9037c8745bf7c640b9ce24ed80"><input type="radio"> had been playing</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="f9d3237126a5a8c4a14810025f6ece9a"><input type="radio"> <span>are playing</span></label> </p>
</div>
<div class="q-explanation">
<p><span style="color:#0000CD;"><span style="font-family: comic sans ms,cursive;">The emphasis on 'for two hours' makes 'had been playing' necessary - the <u>continuous</u> playing is stressed.</span></span></p>
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<div class="exercise" data-id="794,795,1079,1829,1828,772">
<div class="q-question">
<p>"I don't usually like football, but I ...... to seeing Barcelona play this weekend.<label class="radio" data-answer="d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e"><span></span></label> </p>
</div>
<div class="q-answer">
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="7fbe0fe02470a881d288b162715a5493"><input type="radio"> <span>look forward</span></label> </p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="efc9f0abb35eca1a53da98f69a12ee9f"><input type="radio"> <span>am going to look forward</span></label> </p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="dc4554771be127d935821d2f6411943e"><input type="radio"> am looking forward</label></p>
<p><label class="radio" data-answer="0495aa24a514178ac62cf81785a460e8"><input type="radio"> <span>will be look forward</span></label> </p>
</div>
<div class="q-explanation">
<p><span style="color:#0000CD;"><span style="font-family: comic sans ms,cursive;">Notice the general condition "I don't usually like..." contrasted with the present continuous feeling of "I am looking forward..." now.</span></span></p>
</div>
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<div class="exercise" data-id="794,795,1079,1829,1828,772">
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<p>Q: Why's your hair all wet?</p>
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