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">What is it? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44397/what-types-of-questions-will-be-asked.html" title="What types of questions will be asked?">What types of questions will be asked?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44398/how-am-i-graded.html" title="How am I graded?">How am I graded?</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44399/can-i-read-an-example-.html" title="Can I read an example? ">Can I read an example? </a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44400/paper-2-sample-response-1-never-let-me-go-and-extremely-loud-and.html" title="Paper 2: Sample Response 1 (Never Let Me Go and Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close)">Paper 2: Sample Response 1 (Never Let Me Go and Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44401/paper-2-sample-response-2-the-reader-and-the-god-of-small-things.html" title="Paper 2: Sample Response 2 (The Reader and The God of Small Things) ">Paper 2: Sample Response 2 (The Reader and The God of Small Things) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44402/paper-2-sample-response-3-a-dolls-house-and-the-crucible-.html" title="Paper 2: Sample Response 3 (A Doll’s House and The Crucible) ">Paper 2: Sample Response 3 (A Doll’s House and The Crucible) </a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44403/do-you-have-a-step-by-step-process-for-what-to-do-in-the-actual-.html" title="Do you have a step-by-step process for what to do in the actual exam? ">Do you have a step-by-step process for what to do in the actual exam? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44404/how-do-i-prepare-for-my-paper-2-exam-.html" title="How do I prepare for my Paper 2 exam? ">How do I prepare for my Paper 2 exam? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../44405/how-do-i-organize-my-paper-2-.html" title="How do I organize my Paper 2? 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">What is it? </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40158/what-is-a-line-of-inquiry.html" title="What is a line of inquiry?">What is a line of inquiry?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40160/how-am-i-graded.html" title="How am I graded?">How am I graded?</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40162/can-i-read-an-example-.html" title="Can I read an example? ">Can I read an example? </a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40152/model-example-1-szymborska-poetry-.html" title="Model example 1 (Szymborska Poetry) ">Model example 1 (Szymborska Poetry) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40154/model-example-2-george-monbiot.html" title="Model example 2 (George Monbiot)">Model example 2 (George Monbiot)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40153/model-example-3-white-noise-.html" title="Model example 3 (White Noise) ">Model example 3 (White Noise) </a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40240/can-you-help-me-with-the-entire-process.html" title="Can you help me with the entire process?">Can you help me with the entire process?</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40242/do-you-have-a-checklist-to-help-me-out.html" title="Do you have a checklist to help me out?">Do you have a checklist to help me out?</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46964/learner-portfolio-.html" title="Learner Portfolio ">Learner Portfolio </a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46965/more-about-the-learner-portfolio.html" title="More about the Learner Portfolio">More about the Learner Portfolio</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28558/the-course-.html" title="The course ">The course </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i 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Portfolio">Formatting the Learner Portfolio</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28560/principles-of-course-design.html" title="Principles of course design">Principles of course design</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29983/bodies-of-work.html" title="Bodies of work">Bodies of work</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37316/bodies-of-work-a-curated-list.html" title="Bodies of Work - A Curated List">Bodies of Work - A Curated List</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28566/areas-of-exploration-.html" title="Areas of exploration ">Areas of exploration </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 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title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28567/concepts-.html" title="Concepts ">Concepts </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28571/identity.html" title="Identity">Identity</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../29029/teaching-resources.html" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28572/culture.html" title="Culture">Culture</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28573/creativity.html" title="Creativity">Creativity</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28574/communication.html" title="Communication">Communication</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31252/metoo-gender-and-power-.html" title="#MeToo - Gender and Power ">#MeToo - Gender and Power </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31255/fake-news-.html" title="Fake News ">Fake News </a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28575/perspective.html" title="Perspective">Perspective</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Teaching resources">Teaching resources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31253/metoo-gender-and-power-.html" title="#MeToo - Gender and Power ">#MeToo - Gender and Power </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31734/exploring-the-natural-world-an-opinion-columnists-body-of-work-.html" title="Exploring the Natural World – An Opinion Columnist’s Body of Work ">Exploring the Natural World – An Opinion Columnist’s Body of Work </a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28576/transformation.html" title="Transformation">Transformation</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander 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style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30239/tips-.html" title="Tips ">Tips </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30222/criteria-.html" title="Criteria ">Criteria </a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30240/skills-.html" title="Skills ">Skills </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30243/8-writing-tips-.html" title="8 writing tips ">8 writing tips </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="P1 sample work">P1 sample work</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../../task/523953.html" title="May 2022 Paper 1s">May 2022 Paper 1s</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../../task/523976.html" title="November 2021 Paper 1s">November 2021 Paper 1s</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Pre-2021 Paper 1s">Pre-2021 Paper 1s</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37572/paper-1-sample-response-8-mens-health-iii.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 8 (Men's Health iii)">Paper 1: Sample Response 8 (Men's Health iii)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37338/paper-1-sample-response-9-justin-gatlin.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 9 (Justin Gatlin)">Paper 1: Sample Response 9 (Justin Gatlin)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i 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56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../../task/523983.html" title="Paper 1: Sample Response 14 (Aspen Trees)">Paper 1: Sample Response 14 (Aspen Trees)</a></li></ul></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30237/paper-1-practice-texts-to-go-.html" title="Paper 1: Practice Texts to Go ">Paper 1: Practice Texts to Go </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28592/paper-2.html" title="Paper 2">Paper 2</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30255/tips-.html" title="Tips ">Tips </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30270/criteria-.html" title="Criteria ">Criteria </a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30256/skills-.html" title="Skills ">Skills </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31697/revising-literary-works-for-paper-2.html" title="Revising Literary Works for Paper 2">Revising Literary Works for Paper 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30792/connecting-comparing-and-contrasting-in-paper-2.html" title="Connecting, Comparing and Contrasting in Paper 2">Connecting, Comparing and Contrasting in Paper 2</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46727/resources-for-students.html" title="Resources for Students">Resources for Students</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46723/preparing-for-paper-2.html" title="Preparing for Paper 2">Preparing for Paper 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46724/organizing-and-structuring-paper-2.html" title="Organizing and Structuring Paper 2">Organizing and Structuring Paper 2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46722/step-by-step-paper-2-process.html" title="Step-by-Step Paper 2 Process">Step-by-Step Paper 2 Process</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28602/p2-sample-work.html" title="P2 sample work">P2 sample work</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28593/higher-level-essay.html" title="Higher level essay">Higher level essay</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30557/tips.html" title="Tips">Tips</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30273/criteria-.html" title="Criteria ">Criteria </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30272/skills-.html" title="Skills ">Skills </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28606/hle-sample-work.html" title="HLE sample work">HLE sample work</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28594/individual-oral.html" title="Individual oral">Individual oral</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36433/resources.html" title="Resources">Resources</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../34550/introducing-the-individual-oral-to-students-a-powerpoint.html" title="Introducing the Individual Oral to Students (a PowerPoint)">Introducing the Individual Oral to Students (a PowerPoint)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36435/stages-of-support.html" title="Stages of Support">Stages of Support</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../32623/possible-outlines.html" title="Possible Outlines">Possible Outlines</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36434/how-to-prepare-for-your-individual-oral.html" title="How to Prepare for Your Individual Oral">How to Prepare for Your Individual Oral</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30559/global-issues.html" title="Global issues">Global issues</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30558/criteria-.html" title="Criteria ">Criteria </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30271/skills-.html" title="Skills ">Skills </a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28610/io-sample-work.html" title="IO sample work">IO sample work</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="2021 Individual Orals">2021 Individual Orals</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../40184/2021-individual-oral-exemplar-1-brave-new-world-and-sara-rahbar.html" title="2021 Individual Oral: Exemplar 1 (Brave New World and Sara Rahbar)">2021 Individual Oral: Exemplar 1 (Brave New World and Sara Rahbar)</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Pre-2021 Individual Orals">Pre-2021 Individual Orals</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../36777/individual-oral-exemplar-4-macbeth-and-ww1-propaganda-poster.html" title="Individual Oral: Exemplar 4 (Macbeth and WW1 Propaganda Poster)">Individual Oral: Exemplar 4 (Macbeth and WW1 Propaganda Poster)</a></li></ul></ul></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28556/resources-.html" title="Resources ">Resources </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30276/glossary-of-key-terms-for-language-and-literature.html" title="Glossary of Key Terms for Language and Literature">Glossary of Key Terms for Language and Literature</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30277/-accent.html" title="- Accent">- Accent</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30278/-actual-reader.html" title="- Actual reader">- Actual reader</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30279/-actual-writer-.html" title="- Actual writer ">- Actual writer </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30353/-adjective-.html" title="- Adjective ">- Adjective </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30448/-adverb.html" title="- Adverb">- Adverb</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30449/-alliteration.html" title="- Alliteration">- Alliteration</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30451/-allusion.html" title="- Allusion">- Allusion</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30452/-analogy.html" title="- Analogy">- Analogy</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30454/-anti-advertising-.html" title="- Anti-advertising ">- Anti-advertising </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30455/-antithesis-.html" title="- Antithesis ">- Antithesis </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30457/-appeal-to-authority-.html" title="- Appeal to authority ">- Appeal to authority </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30459/-appeal-to-fear.html" title="- Appeal to fear">- Appeal to fear</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30460/-audience.html" title="- Audience">- Audience</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30462/-bandwagon-effect.html" title="- Bandwagon effect">- Bandwagon effect</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30463/-bias-.html" title="- Bias ">- Bias </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30464/-cacophony-.html" title="- Cacophony ">- Cacophony </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30466/-caesura-.html" title="- Caesura ">- Caesura </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30467/-characterisation-.html" title="- Characterisation ">- Characterisation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30469/-clause-.html" title="- Clause ">- Clause </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30470/-cliche-cliche-.html" title="- Cliché (cliche) ">- Cliché (cliche) </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30471/-coherence.html" title="- Coherence">- Coherence</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30472/-colloquialism.html" title="- Colloquialism">- Colloquialism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30473/-complex-sentence-.html" title="- Complex sentence ">- Complex sentence </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30475/-conflict-in-advertising-.html" title="- Conflict in advertising ">- Conflict in advertising </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30483/-conjunctions-.html" title="- Conjunctions ">- Conjunctions </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30484/-connotation-.html" title="- Connotation ">- Connotation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30476/-context-of-production-.html" title="- Context of production ">- Context of production </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30477/-context-of-reception-.html" title="- Context of reception ">- Context of reception </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30478/-core-vocabulary-.html" title="- Core vocabulary ">- Core vocabulary </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30479/-couplet-.html" title="- Couplet ">- Couplet </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30485/-crowdsourcing-.html" title="- Crowdsourcing ">- Crowdsourcing </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30481/-deictic-.html" title="- Deictic ">- Deictic </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30486/-denotation-.html" title="- Denotation ">- Denotation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30487/-denouement-.html" title="- Denouement ">- Denouement </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30488/-dialect-.html" title="- Dialect ">- Dialect </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30489/-diatribe-.html" title="- Diatribe ">- Diatribe </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30490/-direct-narration-.html" title="- Direct narration ">- Direct narration </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30492/-direct-speech-.html" title="- Direct speech ">- Direct speech </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30493/-dramatic-irony.html" title="- Dramatic Irony">- Dramatic Irony</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30515/-ellipsis.html" title="- Ellipsis">- Ellipsis</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30516/-end-stopped-line-.html" title="- End-stopped line ">- End-stopped line </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30517/-enjambement-.html" title="- Enjambement ">- Enjambement </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30518/-eponymous-.html" title="- Eponymous ">- Eponymous </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30519/-equivocation-.html" title="- Equivocation ">- Equivocation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30520/-ethos-.html" title="- Ethos ">- Ethos </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30521/-euphemism.html" title="- Euphemism">- Euphemism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30522/-first-person-point-of-view-.html" title="- First-person point-of-view ">- First-person point-of-view </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30523/-formalism.html" title="- Formalism">- Formalism</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30524/-free-indirect-speech-.html" title="- Free indirect speech ">- Free indirect speech </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30527/-free-verse-.html" title="- Free verse ">- Free verse </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30525/-function-.html" title="- Function ">- Function </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30528/-gatekeeper-.html" title="- Gatekeeper ">- Gatekeeper </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30530/-generalizations-.html" title="- Generalizations ">- Generalizations </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30531/-genre-.html" title="- Genre ">- Genre </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30532/-graphology-.html" title="- Graphology ">- Graphology </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30533/-haiku-.html" title="- Haiku ">- Haiku </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30534/-hyperbole-.html" title="- Hyperbole ">- Hyperbole </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30535/-idiolect-.html" title="- Idiolect ">- Idiolect </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30536/-imagery-.html" title="- Imagery ">- Imagery </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30537/-indirect-narration-.html" title="- Indirect narration ">- Indirect narration </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30538/-intertextuality-.html" title="- Intertextuality ">- Intertextuality </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30539/-irony-.html" title="- Irony ">- Irony </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30540/-jargon-.html" title="- Jargon ">- Jargon </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30541/-juxtaposition-.html" title="- Juxtaposition ">- Juxtaposition </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30542/-language-.html" title="- Language ">- Language </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30543/-logos-.html" title="- Logos ">- Logos </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30544/-long-tail-marketing-.html" title="- Long tail marketing ">- Long tail marketing </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30545/-mash-up-.html" title="- Mash up ">- Mash up </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30546/-metaphor-.html" title="- Metaphor ">- Metaphor </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30548/-metonymy-.html" title="- Metonymy ">- Metonymy </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30549/-modality-.html" title="- Modality ">- Modality </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30550/-multivocal-.html" title="- Multivocal ">- Multivocal </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30551/-newsworthiness-.html" title="- Newsworthiness ">- Newsworthiness </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30552/-nominalisation-.html" title="- Nominalisation ">- Nominalisation </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30553/-notifications-.html" title="- Notifications ">- Notifications </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30554/-noun-phrase-.html" title="- Noun Phrase ">- Noun Phrase </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30555/-onomatopoeia.html" title="- Onomatopoeia">- Onomatopoeia</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30560/-paralanguage-.html" title="- Paralanguage ">- Paralanguage </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30561/-pathos-.html" title="- Pathos ">- Pathos </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30562/-pay-per-click-.html" title="- Pay-per-click ">- Pay-per-click </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30563/-personalization-.html" title="- Personalization ">- Personalization </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30564/-personification-.html" title="- Personification ">- Personification </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30565/-phonlogical-.html" title="- Phonlogical ">- Phonlogical </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30566/-phrase.html" title="- Phrase">- Phrase</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30567/-problem-solution-technique-.html" title="- Problem / solution technique ">- Problem / solution technique </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30574/-pun.html" title="- Pun">- Pun</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30579/-reported-speech.html" title="- Reported speech">- Reported speech</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30583/-sensationalism-.html" title="- Sensationalism ">- Sensationalism </a></li><li class="" 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style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16109/wt-sl-hinglish.html" title="WT SL (Hinglish)">WT SL (Hinglish)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../22572/wt-sl-nineteen-eighty-four.html" title="WT SL (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">WT SL (Nineteen Eighty-Four)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15508/wt-sl-s1-the-bell-jar.html" title="WT SL S1 (The Bell Jar)">WT SL S1 (The Bell Jar)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../9443/wt1-hl-s1-mandela.html" title="WT1 HL S1 (Mandela)">WT1 HL S1 (Mandela)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../8699/wt1-hl-s2-collector.html" title="WT1 HL S2 (Collector)">WT1 HL S2 (Collector)</a></li><li class="" 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style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11979/wt2-q3-starkey.html" title="WT2 Q3 (Starkey)">WT2 Q3 (Starkey)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19663/wt2-q3-womens-health.html" title="WT2 Q3 (Women's Health)">WT2 Q3 (Women's Health)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../14009/wt2-q4-clockwork.html" title="WT2 Q4 (Clockwork)">WT2 Q4 (Clockwork)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../13783/wt2-q4-persepolis.html" title="WT2 Q4 (Persepolis)">WT2 Q4 (Persepolis)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11636/wt2-q5-aclu.html" title="WT2 Q5 (ACLU)">WT2 Q5 (ACLU)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right 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style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2537/individual-oral-commentary.html" title="Individual oral commentary">Individual oral commentary</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2891/tips.html" title="Tips">Tips</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19075/using-technology-to-support-student-learning.html" title="Using Technology to Support Student Learning">Using Technology to Support Student Learning</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10033/criteria.html" title="Criteria">Criteria</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11211/skills.html" title="Skills">Skills</a></li><ul 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<div id="main-column" class="span9"> <article id="the-preconception-game" style="margin-top: 16px;">
<h1 class="section-title">The Preconception Game</h1>
<ul class="breadcrumb"><li><a title="Home" href="../../../englishalanglit.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">The old course </span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Part 3 (2020 exams)</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Key concepts</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="active">The Preconception Game</span></li></ul>
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<p>
<img alt="" class="right" height="190" src="../../../ib/englishalanglit/images/relativity.jpg" width="200">Quite early in the Language and Literature course, teachers will want to get their students to do some self-reflection. Students, if they are going to recognize that meaning in texts is constructed, must understand the active role they play as readers or viewers. That is, students should come to appreciate their own enculturated ethnocentrism and homeblindness. Teachers may also like to include short readings that illustrate the apparent ethnocentrism of others. Three excellent readings, in no particular order, include Laura Bohannan's '<a href="../../../downloads/law_downloads/IRC_Shakespeare_in_the_Bush.pdf">Shakespeare in the Bush</a>', Richard B. Lee's 'Eating <a href="http://windward.hawaii.edu/facstaff/dagrossa-p/articles/EatingChristmas.pdf">Christmas in the Kalahari</a>', and Horace Miner's '<a href="http://www.msu.edu/~jdowell/miner.html?pagewanted=al">Body Ritual Among the Nacirema</a>'.</p>
<p>
However, ultimately, teachers introduce the idea to students that they come to texts with (perhaps provisional) culturally learned preconceptions, it is an understanding that is essential for success on the course. The following activity - The Preconception Game - works to reveal the preconceived ideas we have about gender, and how this influences the ways in which we read and the understandings we reach. The idea comes from the book <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/Literature-Gender-Introductory-Textbook-Approaching/dp/0415135745/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1369105102&sr=8-1&keywords=literature+and+gender"><em>Literature and Gender</em></a> (1996) by Lizbeth Goodman (ed.).</p>
<p>
The activity has a particular relevance to Part 3 of the course. However, links to other parts of the course, for example Part 1, should be reasonably obvious to teachers. Teachers should encourage students to make these 'cross-course' connections.</p>
<h2>
Preconceptions: Introductory Discussion</h2>
<p>
Initially, in the following discussion activity, students begin to contemplate how their preconceptions influence their thinking about the world, before reflecting on their preconceptions of 'gender'. Teachers may feel, depending on their students, that some pre-teaching of the concept 'gender' is useful, not least to ensure that students are aware of the conventional discrimination which often exists between the appellations 'gender' and 'sex'. The activity can be done in a range of ways; for example, teachers may wish to 'pair and share', or groups of students may be given discrete tasks, reporting back to the class. </p>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/Introduction(1).pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Preconceptions: Introductory Activity</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">Before we play the preconception game, work with a partner, or in a group, and consider the following questions:</p>
<ul>
<li>
What is a ‘preconception’?</li>
<li>
Where do preconceptions come from?</li>
<li>
How easy or difficult is it to change your preconceptions?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
What do we mean by ‘gender’?</li>
<li>
How important is gender for how we think about and act in the world?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
Would you be able to tell, just by the examining the first few lines of an anonymous novel, or poem, or play, whether the author is male or female?</li>
<li>
How important is such information?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
Which of the following positions do you most agree with? (i) The writer Virginia Woolf famously claimed that there exists a ‘feminine sentence’. That is, Woolf suggested that (if freely allowed to do so) the form and style of a writer’s work is strongly influenced by the psychology of the sex. In brief, men and women write differently. (ii) The Scottish literary critic, Isobel Murray, introducing a collection of short stories (<em>Original Prints</em>, 1985) claimed that ‘good fiction need not betray its author’s sex’.</li>
<li>
Justify your position.</li>
</ul>
<p>
Now, play the Preconception Game. Read each of the following extracts (1 – 8) and decide which of the authors is female, and which of the authors is male. Justify your opinions and share them with your partner or in your group.</p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<h2>
Playing the Preconception Game</h2>
<p>
In the Preconception Game, students read eight texts/text extracts. They attempt to identify if the writer of each text is male or female. Students must motivate their response. The game should be stimulating and fun. If teachers prefer, they can make it competitive for students; for example the game can be played 'females versus males'. Teachers may find some initial resistance to the idea of playing the game from students. However, teachers should perservere. Students do enjoy playing the game and, whether they intend to or not, reveal their stereotyped preconceptions.</p>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/extract%201.pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Extract 1</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">Though I haven’t ever been on the screen I was brought up in pictures. Rudolph Valentino came to my fifth birthday – or so I was told. I put this down only to indicate that even before the age of reason I was in a position to watch the wheels go round.</p>
<p>
I was going to write my memoirs once, <em>The Producer’s Daughter</em>, but at eighteen you never quite get around to anything like that. It’s just as well – it would have been as flat as an old column of Lolly Parsons’. My father was in the picture business as another man might be in cotton or steel, and I took it tranquilly. At the worst I accepted Hollywood with the resignation of a ghost assigned to a haunted house. I knew what you were supposed to think about it but I was obstinately unhorrified.</p>
<p>
This is easy to say, but harder to make people understand. When I was at Bennington some of the English teachers who pretended an indifference to Hollywood or its products, really <em>hated </em>it. Hated it way deep down as a threat to their existence. Even before that, when I was in a convent, a sweet little nun asked me to get her a script of a screen play so she could ‘teach her class about movie writing’ as she had taught them about the essay and the short story. I got the script for her, and I suppose she puzzled over it, but it was never mentioned in class, and she gave it back to me with an air of offended surprise and not a single comment. That’s what I half expect to happen to this story.<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="../../../ib/englishalanglit/files/extract%202.docx"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Extract 2</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">In the beginning there was a river. The river became a road and the road branched out to the whole world. And because the road was once a river it was always hungry.</p>
<p>
In the land of beginnings spirits mingled with the unborn. We could assume numerous forms. Many of us were birds. We knew no boundaries. There was such feasting, playing and sorrowing. We feasted much because of the beautiful terrors of eternity. We played much because we were free. And we sorrowed much because there were always those amongst us who had just returned from the world of the Living. They had returned inconsolable for all the love they had left behind, all the suffering they hadn’t redeemed, all that they hadn’t understood, and for all that they had barely begun to learn before they were drawn back to the land or origins.</p>
<p>
There was not one amongst us who looked forward to being born. We disliked the rigours of existence, the unfulfilled longings, the enshrined injustices of the world, the labyrinths of love, the ignorance of parents, the fact of dying, and the amazing indifference of the Living in the midst of the simple beauties of the universe. We feared the heartlessness of human beings, all of whom are born blind, few of whom ever learn to see.<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/extract%203.pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Extract 3</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">The waitresses are basking in the sun like a herd of skinned seals, their pinky-brown bodies shining with oil. They have their bathing suits on because it's the afternoon. In the early dawn and the dusk they sometimes go skinny-dipping, which makes this itchy crouching in the mosquito-infested bushes across from their small private dock a great deal more worthwhile. </p>
<p>
Donny has the binoculars, which are not his own but Monty's. Monty's dad gave them to him for bird-watching but Monty isn't interested in birds. He's found a better use for the binoculars: he rents them out to the other boys, five minutes maximum, a nickel a look or else a chocolate bar from the tuck shop, though he prefers the money. He doesn't eat the chocolate bars; he resells them, black market, for twice their original price; but the total supply on the island is limited, so he can get away with it.</p>
<p>
Donny has already seen everything worth seeing, but he lingers on with the binoculars anyway, despite the hoarse whispers and the proddings from those next in line. He wants to get his money's worth.</p>
<p>
'Would you look at that', he says, in what he hopes is a tantalizing voice. 'Slobber, slobber.' There's a stick poking into his stomach, right on a fresh mosquito bite, but he can't move it without taking one hand off the binoculars. He knows about flank attacks.</p>
<p>
'Lessee,' says Ritchie, tugging at his elbow.<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/extract%204(1).pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Extract 4</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">Lou Witt had had her own way so long, that by the age of twenty-five she didn't know where she was. Having one's own way landed one completely at sea.</p>
<p>
To be sure for a while she had failed in her grand love affair with Rico. And then she had had something really to despair about. But even that had worked out as she wanted. Rico had come back to her and was dutifully married to her. And now, when she was twenty-five and he was three months older they were a charming married couple. He flirted with other women still, to be sure. He wouldn't be the handsome Rico if he didn't. But she had 'got' him. Oh yes! You had only to see the uneasy backward glance at her, from his big blue eyes: just like a horse that is edging away from its master: to know how completely he was mastered. </p>
<p>
She, with her odd little <em>museau</em>, not exactly pretty, but very attractive; and her quaint air of playing at being well-bred, in a sort of charade game; and her queer familiarity with foreign cities and foreign languages; and the lurking sense of being an outsider everywhere, like a sort of gypsy, who is at home anywhere and nowhere: all this made up her charm and her failure. She didn't quite belong.<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/extract%205.pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Extract 5</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">The black bull bellowed before the sea.</p>
<p>
The sea, till that day orderly,</p>
<p>
Hove up against Bendylaw.</p>
<p>
The queen in the mulberry arbour stared</p>
<p>
Stiff as a queen on a playing card.</p>
<p>
The king fingered his beard.</p>
<p>
A blue sea, four horny full-feet,</p>
<p>
A bull-snouted sea that wouldn’t stay put,</p>
<p>
Bucked at the garden gate.</p>
<p>
Along box-lined walks in the florid sun</p>
<p>
Towards the rowdy bellow and back again</p>
<p>
The lords and ladies ran.</p>
<p>
The great bronze gate began to crack,</p>
<p>
The sea broke in at every crack,</p>
<p>
Pellmell, blueblack.</p>
<p>
The bull surged up, the bull surged down,</p>
<p>
Not to be stayed by a daisy Chain</p>
<p>
Nor by any learned man.</p>
<p>
O the king’s tidy acre is under the sea,</p>
<p>
And the royal rose in the bull’s belly,</p>
<p>
And the bull is on the king’s highway.</p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/extract%206.pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Extract 6</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">Strings in the earth and air,</p>
<p>
Make music sweet:</p>
<p>
Strings by the river where</p>
<p>
The willows meet.</p>
<p>
There’s music along the river</p>
<p>
For Love wanders there,</p>
<p>
Pale flowers on his mantle,</p>
<p>
Dark leaves on his hair.</p>
<p>
All softly playing</p>
<p>
With head to the music bent,</p>
<p>
And fingers straying</p>
<p>
Upon an instrument.<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/extract%207.pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Extract 7</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>Act 1, Scene 1</em></p>
<p>
<em>Robert’s bedroom. The curtain goes up on almost complete darkness. Then a door opens at the back and a dim and indirect light is thrown from the corridor. MARION, in her late thirties, brisk, dark-haired, wearing a business suit, stands a moment, nervous, awed, in the doorway. She moves into the room which you can just detect is dominated by a large double bed, in which a man is lying covered with a sheet reaching up over his face. MARION stops a moment by the bed, looking down. She then turns to go back towards the door.</em></p>
<p>
ISOBEL Marion?</p>
<p>
(MARION <em>lets out a scream, not having realized that ISOBEL was sitting in a chair at the end of the bed.</em>)</p>
<p>
MARION My God!</p>
<p>
ISOBEL I’m sorry.</p>
<p>
MARION You startled me.</p>
<p>
ISOBEL Don’t turn the main light on.</p>
<p>
(MARION <em>goes to the bed and turns on a small bedside lamp</em>.)</p>
<p>
I needed some peace.</p>
<p>
(ISOBEL <em>is younger than </em>MARION <em>and blonder. She is in her early thirties, and casually dressed in a shirt and blue jeans. She is sitting at the end of the bed, facing us, not moving. The room is seen now to be panelled, gloomy, dark, old-fashioned. It is absolutely tidy, hairbrushes in place, the body quite still beneath the shroud.</em>)</p>
<p>
I decided this would be the only place. For some quiet. There’s so much screaming downstairs.</p>
<p>
(MARION <em>moves gingerly towards the bed. She looks a moment.</em>)</p>
<p>
MARION So you were with him?</p>
<p>
ISOBEL There’s actually a moment when you see the spirit depart from the body. I’ve always been told about it. And it’s true. (<em>She is very quiet and still.</em>) Like a bird.</p>
<p>
(MARION <em>looks across, nervous.</em>)</p>
<p>
MARION Did he…?</p>
<p>
ISOBEL What?</p>
<p>
MARION No, I wondered… who dressed him?</p>
<p>
ISOBEL Dressed him?</p>
<p>
MARION Yes. Is he in a suit?</p>
<p>
ISOBEL I did it. And there was a nurse.<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/extract%208.pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Extract 8</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><em>Scene 1</em></p>
<p>
<em>A restaurant. </em>JENNIFER <em>and</em> RON, <em>and </em>TREVOR <em>and </em>ROWENA <em>are dancing. </em>YVONNE <em>sits at the table</em>. <em>Male monologue in three parts: all played by the actor who plays </em>CLIVE.</p>
<p>
<em>The sound of Concord landing. The dancers freeze. Light on the </em>BARON.</p>
<p>
When I was at university, my one aim in life was to go into business and get rich quick. I was extremely ambitious and not about to wait around for middle-aged spread to set in before I made it. My enterprise, enthusiasm and hard work paid off. In the last few years the tax man has gleaned over two million pounds from me. I have always kept on the right side of the law and when I was first called a purveyor of filth, it upset my mother a lot, but ours is a perfectly normal profession run by ordinary nice people, not gangsters or kinky dwarfs in soiled raincoats. That is a ludicrous myth perpetuated by the media.</p>
<p>
We do sometimes lose stock in police raids, but we allow for the costs when building our stocks so, sadly, the consumer ends up paying more than he should.</p>
<p>
Profit margins are high. Our trade makes more money than the film and record business put together. It will be the growth industry of the eighties. Just as betting shops were in the sixties and casinos in the seventies. I sincerely believe, had it not been for the present repressive climate, I’d have received the Queen’s Award for Industry long ago. My mother? Well, she stopped crying when I bought her a luxury house in the country.<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<h2>
Answers</h2>
<p>
Here are the answers:</p>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/Answers.pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Answers</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png"><u>Extract</u></p>
<ul>
<li>
F. Scott Fitzgerald, <em>The Last Tycoon</em></li>
<li>
Ben Okri, <em>The Famished Road</em></li>
<li>
Margaret Atwood, ‘True Trash’ in <em>Wilderness Tips</em></li>
<li>
D.H. Lawrence, <em>St. Mawr</em></li>
<li>
Sylvia Plath, ‘The Bull of Bendylaw’ in Collected Poems</li>
<li>
James Joyce, ‘Chamber Music’</li>
<li>
David Hare, <em>The Secret Rapture</em></li>
<li>
Sarah Daniels, <em>Masterpieces</em></li>
</ul>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<h2>
Reflection</h2>
<p>
Students are asked to reflect on the decisions they made, and the preconceptions that may underpin decisions. This is probably best done as a whole class activity. Teachers may like to use this discussion as the basis for a short reflective writing activity.</p>
<div class="yellowBg">
<p>
<a href="/media/ib/englishalanglit/files/Conclusion.pdf"><img class="ico" src="../../../thinkib/icons/exercise.png"> Reflection</a></p>
<p>
<img class="ico" src="/r/b1.png">Following the game, your teacher will provide you with the answers. How many correct answers did you get?</p>
<p>
Reflect on your reasons for the choices you made. Does it matter? What does it reveal about you? To what extent do your preconceptions influence how you think about literature and other texts?<img class="ico" src="/r/b2.png"></p>
</div>
<h2>
Towards Assessment</h2>
<p>
The Preconception Game has a particular relevance to Part 3 of the course. However, the general understanding - the meaning of texts is not fixed; meaning is constructed, and readers have a crucial role in determining meaning - has general applicability accross the course. Students, therefore, should aim to embed this awareness in every assessment component where it is appropriate.</p>
<h2>
Links to Theory of Knowledge (TOK)</h2>
<p>
The understandings which emerge from The Preconception Game have many potential links to TOK. Students should recognise at the conclusion of this activity that their understanding of gender is, in large part, a product of socialised learning. Students may claim that their knowledge about gender - the 'typical' traits of males and females - is intuitive; however, it may be better to suggest that bias is learned through processes of enculturation. And, the risk of suggesting that something is 'intuitively obvious' seems to suggest the potential problem of rationalisation or confirmation bias. That is, given pre-existing prejudice (about men and women), students (and others) may simply look for behaviours and traits that confirm this, rejecting contrary evidence.</p>
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