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<div id="main-column" class="span9"> <article id="reading-question-types" style="margin-top: 16px;">
<h1 class="section-title">Reading question types</h1>
<ul class="breadcrumb"><li><a title="Home" href="../../../index.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Assessment </span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Paper 2 Reading</span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="active">Reading question types</span></li></ul>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="noborder" src="../../../ib/englishb/images/Basic%20reading%20skills.jpg" style="width: 400px; height: 121px;"></p><p>Testing reading comprehension has a long history, and many different types of question have been tried. The challenge is to find question types which are both efficiently reliable in objective terms and user-friendly for examinees. (There is also the background issue of whether the necessarily artificial procedures of exams are a valid reflection of what happens in real-life reading... but let's not complicate things too much!)</p><p>Having served my time, years ago, writing reading/texthandling papers for English B, I know the problems and dilemmas involved in designing efficient questions. Basically, you start by running through the target text and underlining all the target phrases that you can find. The term 'target phrase' means an identifiable set of words which students should be able to pick out in order to provide the correct answer - in other words, the answer has to be on the page in front of the student, and can't depend on knowledge from other texts that the student can't see. For example, a question which asks about the meaning of a word must be capable of being answered by inference from the context of the exam text itself, and not by reference to a dictionary or to some other text which the student may or may not have read.</p><p>Fine... but it's not as easy as that, because reading skills of any sophistication depend on <em><strong>doing</strong></em> things with the target phrases. We infer meanings within the target phrases, we extrapolate from them, we add target phrases to other phrases in order to summarise overall meaning, and so on.</p><p>So, you not only have to think of 'target phrases' as the starting point, you then have to think of 'target answers' as the end-point. When we're talking about a text in class, we can ask a very open question like "What does the girl think about the boy when they first meet?" ... knowing that students will provide a whole range of answers, phrased in very different ways, and perhaps more, or less, accurate. Anyway, we can listen to all of these answers, discuss them, and finally elicit and agree on the best answer. In a formal, 'mechanised' reading comprehension paper, you have to have very precise answers which you can mark right or wrong (with perhaps a little latitude in the form of slightly alternative phrasings).</p><p>In short, if you want a reliable reading comprehension test, you will be advised to use a limited number of tried-and-tested mechanisms, which are simple to use, and which generate clear correct/incorrect answers.</p><h3>The general list</h3><p>I understand that the following are the standard reading comprehension question types which may be used for assessments in the 3 IB Language Acquisition programmes - Language B HL, Language B SL, and Ab Initio. <span style="color:#FF0000;"></span></p><p>Each type comes with the standard rubric, or instruction, that should be used.</p><p><strong>Paper 2 reading</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>1. Multiple Choice Questions</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose the correct answer.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>2. Identifying true sentences</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose the X true statements.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>3. Short answer questions</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Answer the following question(s).</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">4. Finding words in the text</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Find the word or phrase in lines X – Y which mean the following:</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">5. Complete sentences using phrases from the text</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Find the words that complete the following sentences. Answer using the words as they appear in the text / lines X – Y.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>6. Vocabulary exercises - matching words</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>What do the following words mean in the text? Choose the appropriate words from the list.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">7. Connect two halves of one sentence</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose an appropriate ending from the list that completes each sentence.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">8. Gap filling exercises (in summary – words chosen from options)</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose an appropriate word from the list that completes each gap in the following text.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">9. Matching questions to answers</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose an appropriate question from the list that completes each gap in the text.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>10. Matching paragraph headings</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose an appropriate heading from the list that completes each gap in the text.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>11. True or False questions with justifications</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>The following statements are either true or false. Tick the correct option then justify it using words as they appear in the text. Both parts are required for [1 mark].</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>12. Identifying references / structural features</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>To whom or to what do the underlined words refer? Answer using words as they appear in the text.<br>N.B. Questions to be presented NOT in tables, but as normal questions and standard answer line/boxes.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">13. Matching person with statement</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose the appropriate statement from the list for each person.</em></p><h3>Selective lists</h3><p>That master list covers the three courses (B HL, B SL, Ab Initio). It seems to me evident that some of those types are easier than others, and some more difficult - which should we teach as more likely at which level?</p><p>So, I have divided the list into two by relative difficulty, according to which types are more likely for Language B (both HL and SL), and which more likely for Ab Initio. Note that the distinction is '<u>more</u>' likely - there may very well be overlap between the two lists, since MCQs, for instance, can perfectly well be adapted for use at all levels</p><p>I emphasise that this is a<em> subjective (if considered) judgement</em> - I do not pretend for a moment that this is an official IB selection!</p><h4>Language B (HL & SL)</h4><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>1. Multiple Choice Questions</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose the correct answer.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>2. Identifying true sentences</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose the X true statements.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>3. Short answer questions</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Answer the following question(s).</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>6. Vocabulary exercises - matching words</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>What do the following words mean in the text? Choose the appropriate words from the list.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>10. Matching paragraph headings</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose an appropriate heading from the list that completes each gap in the text.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>11. True or False questions with justifications</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>The following statements are either true or false. Tick the correct option then justify it using words as they appear in the text. Both parts are required for [1 mark].</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>12. Identifying references / structural features</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>To whom or to what do the underlined words refer? Answer using words as they appear in the text.<br>N.B. Questions to be presented NOT in tables, but as normal questions and standard answer line/boxes.</em></p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><span style="font-family: comic\ sans\ ms, cursive;"><em>** The distinctions here are that these tasks tend to require quite thoughtful interpretation - for example, the <strong>'11.True or False + justification'</strong> tends to require complex inference from quite subtle language prompts.</em></span></span></p><hr class="hidden"><h4>Ab Initio</h4><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>4. Finding words in the text</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Find the word or phrase in lines X – Y which mean the following:</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>5. Complete sentences using phrases from the text</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Find the words that complete the following sentences. Answer using the words as they appear in the text / lines X – Y.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>7. Connect two halves of one sentence</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose an appropriate ending from the list that completes each sentence.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>8. Gap filling exercises (in summary – words chosen from options)</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose an appropriate word from the list that completes each gap in the following text.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>9. Matching questions to answers</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose an appropriate question from the list that completes each gap in the text.</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>13. Matching person with statement</strong></p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><em>Choose the appropriate statement from the list for each person.</em></p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><span style="font-family: comic\ sans\ ms, cursive;"><em>** The distinctions here are that these tasks tend to require simple searching for targets in the text - for example <strong>'4. Finding words in the text'</strong> requires a simple scan in order to match a single definition; whereas in the HL / SL list, <strong>'6. Vocabulary exercises - matching words'</strong> will involve not just finding the word but also choosing between distractors in the options list. </em></span></span></p><p>.</p><script>document.querySelectorAll('.tib-teacher-only').forEach(e => e.remove());</script>
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