File "news-report.html"
Path: /ThinkIB/englishb/englishb/page/18428/news-reporthtml
File size: 65.49 KB
MIME-type: text/html
Charset: utf-8
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K5VSFSN');
</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=Edge">
<title>DP English B: News report</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="robots" content="none"><meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow">
<!-- Removed by WebCopy --><!--<base href="https://www.student.thinkib.net">--><!-- Removed by WebCopy --><meta name="keywords" content="English B, ThinkIB.net, InThinking, IB, IBDP, IBMYP"><meta name="description" content="News report. ThinkIB.net English B is an InThinking website.">
<link href="../../../css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="../../../css/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="../../../css/top-nav.min.css?v=202211301945" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="../../../css/style.min.css?v=20230110" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="../../../css/style-ib.min.css?v=20230105" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../js/jq-fancybox/jquery.fancybox.min.css">
<link href="../../../js/jq-fancybox/jquery.fancybox.min.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/side-nav.min.css?v=20220520"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/css/ckeditor5-custom.css" type="text/css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/std-access.min.css?v=20220504"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/snippets.min.css?v=202210181500"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/article.min.css?v=202212151220"><script src="../../../js/localdates.min.js?v=202009290900"></script><script src="../../../js/ifvisible.min.js"></script><script>ifvisible.setIdleDuration(300);</script><script>var tibSitename = "englishb";</script>
<script>
const SITE_TAG = "ib"
const SITE_WEB = "ThinkIB.net"
const SITE_DOMAIN = "www.thinkib.net"
const SITE_URI = "https://thinkib.net"
const SITE_CLIENT_CODE = "TIB000001"
let imageThinker = "../../../img/header-thinker-ib.svg";
let imageStudent = "../../../img/header-student-thinkib.svg";
</script>
<script>var userHash = "IB Docs (2) Team", userTicket = "*middle finger";</script><script src="../../../js/user/local-stats.min.js?v=202102101800"></script><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="57x57" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="60x60" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="76x76" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-196x196.png" sizes="196x196"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="../../../img/favicon/student-thinkib/favicon-128.png" sizes="128x128"><meta name="application-name" content=" "><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#FFFFFF"><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.student.thinkib.net/img/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-144x144.png"><meta name="msapplication-square70x70logo" content="https://www.student.thinkib.net/img/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-70x70.png"><meta name="msapplication-square150x150logo" content="https://www.student.thinkib.net/img/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-150x150.png"><meta name="msapplication-wide310x150logo" content="https://www.student.thinkib.net/img/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-310x150.png"><meta name="msapplication-square310x310logo" content="https://www.student.thinkib.net/img/favicon/student-thinkib/mstile-310x310.png">
</head>
<body onunload="" class="student-access">
<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-K5VSFSN" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<div id="header">
<div class="wmap">
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="pull-right visible-phone">
<a href="https://www.inthinking.net">
<img src="../../../img/header-logo.svg" style="height: 45px; width: auto">
</a>
</div>
<div class="visible-phone" style="clear:both;"></div>
<div class="pull-left">
<h1><a href="../../../index.html?lg=42280"><span style="font-size: .8em;">IBDP English B brought to you by the IB Docs (2) Team</span></a></h1>
<p class="slogan hidden-phone"><span class="slogan"><em>InThinking</em> Subject Sites for teachers & their classes</span></p>
<p class="hidden-phone"><em>Group: IB Students<br>Teacher: IB Docs (2) Team</em></p>
</div>
<div class="pull-right text-right">
<a class="hidden-phone" href="https://www.inthinking.net">
<img src="../../../img/header-logo.svg" style="height: 70px; width: auto">
</a>
<div class="search"><a href="#" class="toggle-menu-search" data-toggle="dropdown" title="Search"><i class="fa fa-2x fa-search"></i></a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="topmenu">
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<div>
<nav class="top-nav"><ul class="level-0"><li><a href="../../../index.html?lg=42280"><i class="fa fa-home"></i> Home</a></li><li><a href="../45946/start-here.html">Start here</a></li><li><a href="../366/assessment-.html">Assessment </a></li><li><a href="../26412/themes-2018-onwards.html">Themes, 2018 onwards</a></li><li><a href="../360/language-system.html">Language System</a></li><li class="selected"><a href="../15114/writing-.html">Writing </a></li><li><a href="../363/literature.html">Literature</a></li><li><a href="../361/approaches.html">Approaches...</a></li></ul></nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<nav id="nav-menu-search" class="shadow-md" style="display: none;">
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<form class="form-inline" role="search" method="get" action="englishb/search">
<input id="nav-search" name="s" type="search" placeholder="Search English B..." value="">
<button class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" type="submit">
Search
</button>
<a href="#" class="toggle-menu-search" title="Close">
<i class="fa fa-lg fa-times gray"></i>
</a>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<div id="container" class="container-fluid">
<div id="content">
<div class="row-fluid">
<div id="left-column" class="span3"> <div id="userbox">
<div class="dropdown" style="display: flex; align-items: center;">
<a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle btn">
<img style="width: 16px; height: 16px; margin: -2px 0 0 0;" src="../../../img/user/t/IBRR.jpg">
IB Docs (2) Team <i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" id="menu1">
<li><a href="../../../index.html?lg=42280"><i class="fa fa-caret-right fixwidth gray"></i> IBDP English B</a></li><li><a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net/history?lg=42233"><i class="fa fa-caret-right fixwidth gray"></i> IBDP History</a></li><li><a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net/mathanalysis?lg=27105"><i class="fa fa-caret-right fixwidth gray"></i> IBDP Maths: Analysis & Approaches</a></li><li class="divider"></li><li><a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net"><i class="fa fa-dashboard fixwidth colored"></i> Dashboard</a></li><li><a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net/?pan=tasks"><i class="fa fa-pencil fixwidth colored"></i> All tasks</a></li><li><a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net/std/profile-editor"><i class="fa fa-user fixwidth colored"></i> My profile</a></li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.student.thinkib.net?logout=1">
<i class="fa fa-power-off fixwidth"></i> Log out
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div><br><div id="topicsnav" style="margin: 0; padding: 0px;"> <div class="row-fluid accordion-group" style="border: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"> <div style="padding: 6px 4px 6px 8px; background: #204a87;"> <a class="accordion-toggle std-header" style="color: #fff; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #444; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#topicsnav" href="#side-box-topics-list"> <i class="fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90 white" style="margin-left: 4px;"></i> Topics </a> <span id="sidetreecontrol"> <a title="Collapse all" rel="collapse" href="#"> <i class="fa fa-minus-circle"></i> </a> <a title="Expand all" rel="expand" href="#"> <i class="fa fa-plus-circle"></i> </a> </span> </div> <div id="side-box-topics-list" class="accordion-body in collapse"> <div class="accordion-inner" style="line-height: 1.7em; padding: 0;"> <nav class="side-nav" id="sidemenu"><ul class="level-0 always-expanded"><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../45946/start-here.html" title="Start here">Start here</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../46001/students-start-here.html" title="Students start here">Students start here</a></li></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../366/assessment-.html" title="Assessment ">Assessment </a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../38443/revising-for-the-exam.html" title="Revising for the exam">Revising for the exam</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../28551/orals-whats-expected.html" title="Orals: what's expected?">Orals: what's expected?</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23394/oral-ia-criteria-unpacked.html" title="Oral IA Criteria, unpacked">Oral IA Criteria, unpacked</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37567/orals-key-terms-indicators.html" title="Orals: key terms & indicators">Orals: key terms & indicators</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../35077/criterion-a.html" title="Criterion A">Criterion A</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../35078/criterion-b1.html" title="Criterion B1">Criterion B1</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../35079/criterion-b2.html" title="Criterion B2">Criterion B2</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../35080/criterion-c.html" title="Criterion C">Criterion C</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18624/specific-oral-skills.html" title="Specific Oral skills">Specific Oral skills</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../7091/orals-advice-to-students.html" title="Orals advice to students">Orals advice to students</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="HL Orals">HL Orals</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30556/hl-critb1-make-use-advice.html" title="HL Crit.B1 'make use' - advice">HL Crit.B1 'make use' - advice</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="SL Orals">SL Orals</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../30618/sl-critb1-draw-on-advice.html" title="SL Crit.B1 'draw on' - advice">SL Crit.B1 'draw on' - advice</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31721/paper-1.html" title="Paper 1">Paper 1</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../23393/writing-criteria-unpacked.html" title="Writing criteria, unpacked">Writing criteria, unpacked</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../37144/paper-1-advice-to-students.html" title="Paper 1 advice to students">Paper 1 advice to students</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Paper 2 Listening">Paper 2 Listening</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../45968/listening-advice-to-students.html" title="Listening advice to students">Listening advice to students</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../25179/listening-questions.html" title="Listening questions">Listening questions</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Paper 2 Reading">Paper 2 Reading</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../25181/reading-question-types.html" title="Reading question types">Reading question types</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../7089/paper-2-reading-technique.html" title="Paper 2 reading technique">Paper 2 reading technique</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19657/classic-p2-errors.html" title="Classic P2 errors">Classic P2 errors</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26412/themes-2018-onwards.html" title="Themes, 2018 onwards">Themes, 2018 onwards</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../26325/identities.html" title="Identities">Identities</a></li></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../360/language-system.html" title="Language System">Language System</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Key Language Issues">Key Language Issues</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21124/tenses-explored.html" title="Tenses, explored">Tenses, explored</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21121/tenses-present-past.html" title="Tenses present & past">Tenses present & past</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21123/tenses-future.html" title="Tenses future">Tenses future</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21122/tenses-progressive.html" title="Tenses progressive">Tenses progressive</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10474/about-articles-1.html" title="About articles 1">About articles 1</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10478/articles-1a-basic.html" title="Articles 1a Basic">Articles 1a Basic</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10479/articles-1b-mixed.html" title="Articles 1b Mixed">Articles 1b Mixed</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10477/articles-1c-correct-incorrect.html" title="Articles 1c Correct / Incorrect">Articles 1c Correct / Incorrect</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10490/about-articles-2.html" title="About articles 2">About articles 2</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10496/tasks-articles-2a-mixed.html" title="TASKS Articles 2A Mixed">TASKS Articles 2A Mixed</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10497/tasks-articles-2b-minirules.html" title="TASKS Articles 2B MiniRules">TASKS Articles 2B MiniRules</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../1702/basic-linkers.html" title="Basic linkers">Basic linkers</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21197/compare-contrast.html" title="Compare & contrast">Compare & contrast</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../660/conditionals-explored.html" title="Conditionals, explored">Conditionals, explored</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../662/explaining-basic-logic-.html" title="Explaining basic logic ">Explaining basic logic </a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Predicting the possible ">Predicting the possible </a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../33392/tasks-basic-1st-conditionals.html" title="TASKS Basic & 1st Conditionals">TASKS Basic & 1st Conditionals</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Imagining the possible">Imagining the possible</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../33391/tasks-2nd-conditional.html" title="TASKS 2nd Conditional">TASKS 2nd Conditional</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Rewriting the past">Rewriting the past</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../34083/tasks-3rd-conditional.html" title="TASKS 3rd Conditional">TASKS 3rd Conditional</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../666/related-conditional-phrases.html" title="Related Conditional phrases">Related Conditional phrases</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../34103/tasks-related-conditional-phrases.html" title="TASKS Related conditional phrases">TASKS Related conditional phrases</a></li></ul></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../34143/make-do.html" title="Make & do">Make & do</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../387/sentence-structure-.html" title="Sentence Structure ">Sentence Structure </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21274/sentence-templates.html" title="Sentence templates">Sentence templates</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../1180/sequence-markers.html" title="Sequence markers">Sequence markers</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="The Asking of Questions">The Asking of Questions</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15213/question-frames.html" title="Question frames">Question frames</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="L1 interference">L1 interference</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20684/chinglish-demystified.html" title="Chinglish demystified">Chinglish demystified</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../19324/russian.html" title="Russian">Russian</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16560/german.html" title="German">German</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../15092/spanish.html" title="Spanish">Spanish</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Language of Instruction">Language of Instruction</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20892/ideas-nouns-verbs.html" title="Ideas, nouns & verbs">Ideas, nouns & verbs</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20997/vocabulary-of-methodical-thought-1.html" title="Vocabulary of methodical thought 1">Vocabulary of methodical thought 1</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21101/vocabulary-of-methodical-thought-2.html" title="Vocabulary of methodical thought 2">Vocabulary of methodical thought 2</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Modifiers in use">Modifiers in use</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20850/modifiers-degree.html" title="Modifiers - degree">Modifiers - degree</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../20898/modifiers-quality.html" title="Modifiers - quality">Modifiers - quality</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../1309/language-of-caution-.html" title="Language of caution ">Language of caution </a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21183/degrees-of-certainty.html" title="Degrees of certainty">Degrees of certainty</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../21184/framing-ideas.html" title="Framing ideas">Framing ideas</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../16176/about-probability.html" title="About probability">About probability</a></li></ul></ul></ul><li class="ancestor parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a class="" href="../15114/writing-.html" title="Writing ">Writing </a></li><ul class="level-1 expanded"><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Teaching Writing">Teaching Writing</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../915/net-sieve-spine.html" title="NET SIEVE SPINE">NET SIEVE SPINE</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../3749/rhetoric.html" title="Rhetoric">Rhetoric</a></li></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18615/specific-text-type-skills.html" title="Specific text type skills">Specific text type skills</a></li><li class="ancestor parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right fa-rotate-90"></i><a class="" href="../28852/text-type-expectations-.html" title="Text type expectations ">Text type expectations </a></li><ul class="level-2 expanded"><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../43315/on-choosing-text-types.html" title="On choosing text types">On choosing text types</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18416/article.html" title="Article">Article</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31132/blog.html" title="Blog">Blog</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18424/brochure-leaflet-etc.html" title="Brochure, leaflet, etc">Brochure, leaflet, etc</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31133/diary-private-journal.html" title="Diary (private) / journal">Diary (private) / journal</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31135/e-mail-letter.html" title="E-mail / letter">E-mail / letter</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18425/essay.html" title="Essay">Essay</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18426/interview.html" title="Interview">Interview</a></li><li class="current" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="news-report.html" title="News report">News report</a></li><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31155/opinion-column-letter-to-the-editor.html" title="Opinion column / letter to the editor">Opinion column / letter to the editor</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Editor letters, sampled">Editor letters, sampled</a></li><ul class="level-4 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 56px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../32766/tasks-editor-letters-sampled.html" title="TASKS Editor letters, sampled">TASKS Editor letters, sampled</a></li></ul></ul><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31170/personal-statement-cover-letter.html" title="Personal statement / cover letter">Personal statement / cover letter</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18430/proposal.html" title="Proposal">Proposal</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18429/-report-official.html" title=" Report (official)"> Report (official)</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18431/review.html" title="Review">Review</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18432/set-of-instructions-guidelines.html" title="Set of instructions, guidelines">Set of instructions, guidelines</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../31174/social-media-posting-online-forums.html" title="Social media posting / online forums">Social media posting / online forums</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../18427/speech-presentation-debate-.html" title="Speech, presentation, debate ">Speech, presentation, debate </a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Writing purposes">Writing purposes</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Description">Description</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../2059/simple-scene.html" title="Simple Scene">Simple Scene</a></li></ul><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Spoken Interaction">Spoken Interaction</a></li><ul class="level-3 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 42px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../11143/embedded-interview-sample.html" title="Embedded interview sample">Embedded interview sample</a></li></ul></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../363/literature.html" title="Literature">Literature</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Texts for Literary Skills">Texts for Literary Skills</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../703/literary-reading-skills.html" title="Literary Reading Skills">Literary Reading Skills</a></li></ul></ul><li class=" parent std-toplevel" style="padding-left: 4px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../361/approaches.html" title="Approaches...">Approaches...</a></li><ul class="level-1 "><li class=" parent" style="padding-left: 14px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="std-disabled" href="#" title="Thinking">Thinking</a></li><ul class="level-2 "><li class="" style="padding-left: 28px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a class="" href="../10745/critical-thinking.html" title="Critical thinking">Critical thinking</a></li></ul></ul></ul></nav> </div> </div> </div> </div><div style="margin-top: 20px;"><style type="text/css">
.studyib-link {
display: inline-block;
overflow: hidden;
font-size: 1.2em;
font-weight: normal;
margin: 10px;
transition: transform .2s; /* Animation */
}
#left-column .studyib-link {
font-size: 1em;
font-weight: normal;
margin: 5px;
transition: transform .2s; /* Animation */
}
#left-column .studyib-advert h2 {
font-size: 1.35em;
}
.studyib-link:hover {
transform: scale(1.2);
}
.studyib-link > img {
width: 2em; height: 2em;
margin: 0;
float: left;
}
.embed-responsive {
position: relative;
display: block;
height: 0;
padding: 0;
margin: 15px 0;
}
.embed-responsive-16by9 {
padding-bottom: 56.25%;
}
.embed-responsive iframe {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
border: 0;
}
.studyib-advert {
padding: 20px;
background: #E7EDF5;
border: solid 1px #EFF;
/* margin-left: 70px; */
}
.studyib-advert .heading {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
align-items: center;
}
.studyib-advert .heading img {
margin-right: 15px;
}
.studyib-advert .heading span {
color: #444
}
.studyib-advert h2,
.studyib-advert h3 {
margin: 0;
}
.studyib-advert .body {
margin-top: 20px;
}
</style>
<div class="studyib-advert">
<div class="heading">
<img src="../../../img/header-thinker-sib.svg" height="50" width="50" class="pull-left" alt="InThinking Revision Sites">
<div>
<h2>INTHINKING REVISION SITES</h2>
<span><em>Own your learning</em></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="body">
<p>Why not also try our independent learning self-study & revision websites for students?</p>
<p>We currenly offer the following DP Sites: Biology, Chemistry, English A Lang & Lit, Maths A&A, Maths A&I, Physics, Spanish B</p>
<p>
<em>"The site is great for revising the basic understandings of each topic quickly.
Especially since you are able to test yourself at the end of each page and easily see where yo need to improve."</em>
</p>
<p><em>"It is life saving... I am passing IB because of this site!"</em></p>
<p>Basic (limited access) subscriptions are FREE. Check them out at:</p>
<div class="text-center">
<h3>
<a href="//studyib.net">www.StudyIB.net</a>
</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div><!-- /#left-column-->
<div id="main-column" class="span9"> <article id="news-report" style="margin-top: 16px;">
<h1 class="section-title">News report</h1>
<ul class="breadcrumb"><li><a title="Home" href="../../../index.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Writing </span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="gray">Text type expectations </span><span class="divider">/</span></li><li><span class="active">News report</span></li></ul>
<div class="row-fluid">
<section class="span12" id="main-content">
<div class="greenBg"><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>context, audience, purpose</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* in a way, the 'context' of a news report is actually the point of a news report, its main content - a news report describes and explains the very context that makes it necessary. In exams, the task will describe some kind of general context or situation, and the student will have to invent the specific story and concrete details</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* as with most Media text types, where the report is going to be published will define the expected audience - the more 'serious' the publication venue, the more sophisticated the audience should be assumed to be</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* evidently, the prime purpose of a news report is to <u>inform</u>, factually and objectively - although almost always there will be some subjective valuation, indicating why the facts of the story are of importance</p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>register and tone</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will have a semi-formal to formal register</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will have a generally impersonal tone, and use a neutral/objective style (eg presenting ideas without personal opinion of the writer)</p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>conventions</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will have a title/headline</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will have an introduction and conclusion</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will have a clearly structured layout (eg sub-headings, short brief paragraphs/sections, etc)</p><div class="yellowBg"><h4><span style="color:#FF0000;"></span></h4><h4><span style="color:#FF0000;">Appropriate?</span></h4><p><span style="color:#FF0000;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">A <strong>news report</strong> will be appropriate if the task requires you </span> to inform in a clear and objective way on the facts of a specific <u>event</u>, or set of events - it is not concerned with the overall picture, or the broader context or background, as a good article might be. The audience will be the general public that pays attention to news.</span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;"><em>Not to be confused with...</em></span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;">... <em><strong>'article'</strong></em> or '<strong><em>report (official)</em>'</strong> or <em><strong>'blog'</strong></em> ... <span style="color:#FF0000;">An '<em>article'</em> is intended to present detailed and interesting information about a defined <u>general subject;</u> and the information should be explained in a clear, fair and reasonably objective way (<span style="color:#FF0000;">the journalist has a '<span style="color:#FF0000;">duty to inform')</span></span>.</span> A <em>'report (official)' </em> <span style="color:#FF0000;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">is intended </span> to describe a particular <u>situation</u>, and explain how and why that situation exists - its causes, its logic, and its positive and negative consequences.</span><span style="color:#FF0000;"> The audience is likely to be those who are involved in the situation, particularly if they have responsibility for making decisions about it. </span> </span><span style="color:#FF0000;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">A <em>'blog' </em>is intended to present a set of your personal <u>experiences</u> or ideas in a lively entertaining way to a general, undefined audience - who you want to hook by your interesting, even provocative, opinions and experiences, so you don't have to be fair and objective. </span></span></p></div></div><h3>Format and Approach discussed</h3><p><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">The essence of a good news report is that it efficiently conveys a lot of clear facts about a defined situation. News media always have restricted space, so the information needs to be selected carefully and then presented concisely.</span></p><p><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">The News Report has rarely been set as text type in a task for Paper 2 (there's only one in the 'recent exam tasks' box below) - but this is not to say that it won't be in future, so the text type has to be taught and practised. This rarity may be because the essence of the text type is that it reflects accurately an external reality ... and external reality is not easily available in an exam context. In effect, students would have to invent a news event in order to then demonstrate that they could report it correctly. On the other hand, most other tasks require a degree of 'let's pretend...', don't they? </span></p><p><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">And anyway, getting students to learn how to <em>write</em> a news report is an excellent way to help them to <em>read</em> news reports intelligently, with an inside understanding of how news is constructed - synergy between Paper 2 and Paper 1!</span></p><p><u><em><strong>Basic Format</strong></em></u></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>- Headline / title</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>- Sub-headline, summarising</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>- Byline (author, date, location)</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>- Short paragraphs (possibly)</em></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>- Sub-headings (possibly)</em></p><p><u><em><strong>Approach</strong></em></u></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>> register :</em> ... usually, semi-formal / simply-clear / direct</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>> main facts to subordinate details</em> : ... standard good practice in news reporting is to start with the important facts, and move gradually downwards to the least important facts (also known as the 'cut-from-the-bottom system' - subeditors could safely trim the text to size without having to re-write)</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">> <em>fact / opinion distinction</em> : ... good journalism always strives to make clear what are objective facts, and what subjective opinions (e.g. opinions likely to be expressed as quotes from identified individuals)</p><h4>Relevant writing purposes</h4><p>News reports are usually concerned with events (as opposed to articles, which are usually concerned with ideas, which may be based on events and facts), so the prime writing purpose is likely to be <a href="../1234/narration.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Narration">Narration</a> . This in turn is likely to require a degree of <a href="../1233/description.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Description">Description </a>... and drawing events and facts together will depend on effective <a href="../1237/explanation.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Explanation">Explanation</a></p><div class="blueBg"><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>Materials & models</strong></span></p><p><strong>> </strong> <a href="../34790/pulling-down-statues.html" title="Themes, 2018 onwards » Social organisation » Pulling down statues">Pulling down statues</a> ... this page includes a standard news report, which can serve as a model example ... note that it also includes a feature article on the same subject matter, so the two text types can be usefully compared and contrasted</p><p><strong>></strong> <a href="../22760/anorexia-story.html" title="Anorexia story">Anorexia story</a> ... this page is based on a 'human-interest' news report ... basic 'tabloid' approach, using simple vocabulary, short paragraphs, and a careful approach to very basic explanation</p><p><strong>></strong> <a href="../22645/reporting-robot-rights.html" title="Topics » Core topics » Communication & Media » Making news » Reporting robot rights">Reporting robot rights</a> ... handouts in this page provide examples of 'tabloid' (Daily Mail) and 'quality' (Times) news reporting ... since both reports are closely linked to an original source document, this allows for compare-and-contrast analysis and comment</p><p><strong>></strong> <a href="../22496/fake-news.html" title="Topics » Core topics » Communication & Media » Making news » Fake news">Fake news</a> ... the handout Fake news 1 provides an example of the 'descriptive' kind of news report, which doesn't restrict itself to pure factual information, but includes atmosphere and some narrative in order to give a more interesting slant to the report ... this kind of news report borders on an 'article'</p><p><strong>></strong> <a href="../15614/burka-avenger.html" title="Topics » Option topics » Cultural diversity » Burka Avenger">Burka Avenger</a> ... provides a news report (from the BBC) - and also two Op-Ed articles (from the Times of India). Thus good for contrasting objective and subjective reporting</p><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>><a href="../../communication-and-media/midsomer-racism-.htm"> Midsomer racism?</a> </strong></span> ... the page provides two contrasted news reports + worksheet, illustrating both format + structure, and the slants that can be contained in news reports</p><p><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>> </strong></span> <a href="../11313/internet-trolls.html" title="Topics » Core topics » Communication & Media » Internet trends » Internet trolls">Internet trolls</a> ... case study handout provides an extended news report for analysis</p><p><strong>></strong> <a href="../16675/scottish-independence.html"><strong>Scottish Independence?</strong></a> ... contains two news stories, and the handout tasks stress the analysis of structure - good for teaching the basic conventions of the news report.</p><p><strong>></strong> <a href="../13650/factual-background.html" title="Literature » Reading Good Reads » ROOM » Factual background">Factual background</a> ... the various reports mentioned under the page about the real-life versions of the novel <em><strong>Room </strong></em>provide models and techniques.</p><p><strong>></strong> <a href="../12303/the-ib-threat.html" title="Language System » Language & Thought » Language & TOK » The IB Threat">The IB Threat</a> ... the news report provided as part of the handout material in this page is used for a structural analysis exercise which should help understand how news reports work.</p><p>> <a href="../9380/women-facebook.html" title="Topics » Core topics » Communication & Media » Women & Facebook">Women & Facebook</a> ... the shorter news report on this page works well as a basic model, while the longer is useful for contrast purposes</p></div><div class="yellowBg"><h3>Suggested 'new style' exam tasks</h3><p><span style="color:#006400;"><em>The following are possible adaptations of some of the 'old style' tasks listed below. Each provides three optional text types, arranged in the order of (i) appropriate; (ii) generally appropriate; (iii) inappropriate - if you use them, clearly, you should randomise the choices.</em></span></p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><em>Two versions are presented: one for HL, with three required elements, and one for SL, with two required elements.</em></span></p><hr class="hidden"><p>(HL) The only cinema showing English language films in your local area has just closed down because of a decline in ticket sales. You think it is important to inform people fully about this event. Write a text in which you give the factual details about the closure, explain why the cinema has closed, and present the reactions of the local community.</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) News report .... (ii) Report (official) .... (iii) Speech</p><p>(SL) The only cinema showing English language films in your local area has just closed down because of a decline in ticket sales. You think it is important to inform people fully about this event. Write a text in which you give the factual details about the closure, and explain why the cinema has closed.</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) News report .... (ii) Report (official) .... (iii) Speech</p><p>******</p><p>(HL) You have just heard a rumour that your school is going to receive a large sum of money from a private donor, although no details are yet clear. You decide that it is important that everyone should know the full facts, and so you investigate and ask questions. Write a text in which you describe the basic facts about the donation, explain how the money is going to be used (whether for building or for improving teaching facilities, or...?), and report the reactions of students, teachers and parents.</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) News report .... (ii) Blog .... (iii) Email</p><p>(SL) You have just heard a rumour that your school is going to receive a large sum of money from a private donor, although no details are yet clear. You decide that it is important that everyone should know the full facts, and so you investigate and ask questions. Write a text in which you describe the basic facts about the donation, and explain how the money is going to be used (whether for building or for improving teaching facilities, or...?).</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) News report .... (ii) Blog .... (iii) Email</p></div><div class="pinkBg"><h4><strong>Recent exam tasks </strong>('old' style)</h4><p>Your school recently played a friendly game with a famous sports team. Write a news report to be published in your school’s newspaper, describing the game, the atmosphere during the game and how fans cheered on their teams. (SL N15)</p><p>An exhibition focusing on alternative medicine, such as herbal medicines and aromatherapy, was held in your town. As a junior editor of your town’s newspaper, write a news report in which you describe the event and the promoted benefits of the alternative medicine methods displayed. (HL M18)</p><p>The only cinema showing English language films in your local area has just closed down because of a decline in ticket sales. As a junior reporter for your local newspaper, write a news report giving details about the closure, including the reasons for this, and presenting the reactions of the local community. (HL N19)</p></div><script>document.querySelectorAll('.tib-teacher-only').forEach(e => e.remove());</script>
</section>
</div>
</article>
</div><!-- /#main-column -->
</div>
</div><!-- /#content -->
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer" class="student-access">
<div class="wmap">
<div class="layout-wrapper">
<p>
© <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear())</script> <em>InThinking / IB Documents (2) Team | Version: 31.01.2023 / IB Documents (2) Team | Version: 31.01.2023</em>
|
<a target="_self" href="https://thinkib.net/subscribe/about-us">
About us
</a>
|
<a target="_self" href="https://t.me/ibdocs_2">Telegram</a>
|
<a target="_self" href="mailto:ibdocs2@06082010.xyz">Contact</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<input id="tzoffset" type="hidden" value="28800"><div id="modal-session-expired" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" data-backdrop="static" data-keyboard="false">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h3 style="margin-top: 0">Your session has expired</h3>
</div>
<div class="modal-body" style="padding: 10px;">
<p>You will have to reload and log in again.</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<a id="session-expired" class="btn btn-danger pull-right" href="#">
<i class="fa fa-refresh"></i> Reload
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Loading scripts at the end of the body means faster page loading -->
<script src="../../../js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../../js/jq-fancybox/jquery.fancybox.pack.js"></script>
<script src="../../../js/sidemenu/sidemenu.min.js?v=202011301145"></script><script src="../../../js/std-access/std-assignments-utils.min.js?v=202211281800"></script><script src="../../../js/std-access/std-comments-utils.min.js?v=202211281800"></script><script src="../../../js/std/std-task-utils.min.js?v=202211151130"></script><script src="../../../js/jq-mark.js/jquery.mark.min.js"></script><!-- MathJax only to render Math ML -->
<!--<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.0/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>-->
<script src="../../../ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.0/MathJax.js?config=MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
<style>
.math-tex {
font-size: 1.15em !important;
}
.math-tex span.ML__text {
/*font-family: inherit !important;*/
}
.ML__text + .ML__mathit {
margin-left: 0 !important;
}
.math-tex img, .math-tex + img, span img {
box-shadow: none;
margin: 0;
}
</style>
<script src="../../../mathlive%400.87.1/dist/mathlive.min.js" async="" defer=""></script>
<script>
window.addEventListener('load',
() => MathLive.renderMathInDocument()
);
</script>
<script src="../../../js/header-circle.min.js?v=20220113"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../../../js/cookies.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
// The cookies alert
if (! readCookie("displayCookieConsent") && ! readCookie("y") ) {
var cookieMSG = "We use cookies. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used.";
setTimeout(function() {
$.ajax({
cache: true,
url: "js/cookiechoices.js",
dataType: "script",
success: function () {
cookieChoices.showCookieConsentBar(cookieMSG, 'close', 'Read more', "englishb/legal#cookies");
}
});
}, 2000);
}
</script><script>var sAJAX='/pages/activity/user-stats-page.php?t=5c0ce087e8a96179&x=23163';var sData='ja lol ey*gasp*+cg92vwOqTg9]-l8]4C2UiucLj])2|Tgojb8/[g[2jT[qvZ)+Ncs/4F[2j>QqvTsLx/6/|Lco|Te+NSahNk[54WeUxbeqIn9LIb4qTZ80Ipc/4F[2vwOqt/6/Obc2iZQ2|ncIicY/4F[]-l8]4l[ak==';var loopSecs = 30;var lsKey = '24e52dc12a6784e9aaaef4fa78c1095b';</script><script src="../../../js/user/user-stats-page.min.js?v=202102101800"></script><script>var sessionUpdateSecs = 600;</script><script type="text/javascript" src="../../../js/session-updater.js?v=20200831"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
function padLeft(str,max){return str.length<max?padLeft("0"+str,max):str}function padRight(str,max){return str.length<max?padRight(str+"0",max):str}$("body").on("click",'a[href="#"], a.fancybox-nav, a[data-toggle="tab"], a[data-toggle="dropdown"], a[data-toggle="collapse"], a[data-toggle="modal"]',(function(e){e.preventDefault()}));var topmenuOffset=0,topmenuHeight=0;function fixDiv(t,h){$(window).scrollTop()<topmenuOffset||$("#topmenu ul.level-1").is(":visible")?($("#topmenu").css({position:"",width:""}),$("#topmenu").removeClass("fixed-top"),$("body").css({"padding-top":"0"})):($("#topmenu").css({position:"fixed",top:"0",width:$("#topmenu").width()+"px"}),$("#topmenu").addClass("fixed-top"),$("body").css({"padding-top":topmenuHeight+"px"}))}function fixSearchNav(){var searchMenuTop=topmenuOffset+topmenuHeight,searchMenuH=$("#nav-menu-search").is(":visible")?$("#nav-menu-search").outerHeight():0;if($(window).scrollTop()>searchMenuTop-topmenuHeight){var borderBottomWidth=parseInt($("#topmenu").css("borderBottomWidth"))+1;$("#nav-menu-search").css({position:"fixed",top:topmenuHeight+borderBottomWidth+"px",left:"0",right:"0"}),$("#nav-menu-search").addClass("fixed-top"),$("body").css("padding-top",topmenuHeight+searchMenuH+"px")}else $("#nav-menu-search").css({position:""}),$("#nav-menu-search").removeClass("fixed-top"),$("body").css("padding-top","0")}$("#topmenu").length&&(topmenuOffset=$("#topmenu").offset().top,topmenuHeight=$("#topmenu").outerHeight(),fixDiv(),$(window).scroll((function(){fixDiv(),fixSearchNav()}))),$("a.toggle-menu-search").on("click",(function(e){e.preventDefault(),$("#nav-menu-search").slideToggle("fast",(function(){$(this).find('input[name="s"]').focus()}))}));var menuH=$("#topmenu").height(),itemH=$("#topmenu > nav > ul > li").height();function fancyScrollTo(id){$("html, body").animate({scrollTop:$("#"+id).offset().top-300},300)}function printSectionBlog(){var w=$(window).width()/2,h,windowSettings="height="+($(window).height()-100)+", width="+w+", left=0, top=0, resizable=no, ";windowSettings+="scrollbars=yes, toolbar=no, menubar=no, location=no, ",windowSettings+="directories=no, status=yes";var myWindow=window.open("","Page printer",windowSettings),containerHtml=["<html>","<head>","<title>Page printer</title>",'<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'+window.location.origin+'/css/style.min.css?v=202211152130">','<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'+window.location.origin+"/css/style"+SITE_TAG+'.min.css?v=202104061357">','<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'+window.location.origin+'/css/snippets.min.css?v=202210181500">','<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'+window.location.origin+'/css/article.min.css?v=202210181500">',"</head>","<body>",$("section#main-content").html().replace(/<span\sclass="MJX_Assistive_MathML".*?<\/span>/g,""),"</body>","</html>"].join("");containerHtml=containerHtml.replace(/src="files\//gi,'src="'+window.location.origin+"/files/"),myWindow.document.write(containerHtml),myWindow.document.close(),myWindow.focus(),setTimeout((function(){$.when(myWindow.print()).then(myWindow.close())}),1e3)}function PopupPrint(target){window.print()}$("#topmenu > nav > ul > li").each((function(){if(menuH>itemH&&$(this).position().top<1){var i=itemH+1;$(this).find("ul:first").css("margin-top","-"+i+"px")}})),$("#topmenu > nav > ul > li").on("mouseenter mouseleave",(function(e){var submenu=$("ul:first",this),submenuW=submenu.width();$(this).offset().left+submenuW>$(window).width()&&(submenu.css("right","0"),submenu.find("ul").each((function(){if(!$(this).hasClass("fixed")){var l=$(this).width()+submenuW;$(this).css("margin-left","-"+l+"px"),$(this).addClass("fixed")}})))})),$("a.showhider").click((function(e){e.preventDefault();var box="#"+$(this).attr("rel"),show='<i class="fa fa-eye"></i>',hide='<i class="fa fa-eye-slash"></i>';$(box).slideToggle("fast"),$(this).html($(this).html()==show?hide:show),$(this).attr("title","Show"==$(this).attr("title")?"Hide":"Show")})),$("a.scroll-to").click((function(e){e.preventDefault();var n=$("#"+$(this).data("target")).offset().top-70;$("html, body").animate({scrollTop:n},300)})),$("a.print-section-blog").click((function(e){e.preventDefault(),printSectionBlog()})),$(".print-button").click((function(e){var target;e.preventDefault(),PopupPrint("#"+$(this).data("target-id"))})),$(".alert.alert-success").delay(6e3).hide("fast",fixDiv());var fancyParent=1==$("body").find($("#main-article")).length?"#main-article":"body",fancyOptions={loop:!1,openEffect:"elastic",closeEffect:"elastic",nextEffect:"fade",prevEffect:"fade",parent:fancyParent,helpers:{title:{type:"inside"}}};if($("ul.gallery").each((function(){var rel=$(this).find("li:first-child > a:first-child").attr("rel");$('ul.gallery a.fancy[rel="'+rel+'"]').fancybox(fancyOptions)})),$(".carousel.slide").each((function(){var rel="gallery-"+$(this).data("id");$('.carousel.slide a.fancy[rel="'+rel+'"]').fancybox(fancyOptions)})),$("img.pop").parent("a").each((function(){$(this).attr("title",$(this).children("img").attr("alt"))})),$("img.pop").parent("a").fancybox({loop:!1,helpers:{title:{type:"inside"}}}),!are_cookies_enabled()){var msg='<div class="alert alert-error"><i class="fa fa-warning"></i> Your browser does not accept cookies from this site. Please enable cookies to log in.</div><div class="alert alert-info"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Enabling cookies in <a target="_blank" style="margin: 0; padding: 0;" href="https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/enable-and-disable-cookies-website-preferences">Firefox</a>, <a target="_blank" style="margin: 0; padding: 0;" href="https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/61416?hl=en">Chrome</a>, <a target="_blank" style="margin: 0; padding: 0;" href="http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-vista/block-or-allow-cookies">Explorer</a></div>';$("#modal-login .modal-header").append(msg)}if($(".panel-expandable > .panel-heading").click((function(e){e.preventDefault();var panel=$(this).closest(".panel-expandable"),expandables=panel.hasClass("panel-has-footer")?".panel-body, .panel-footer":".panel-body";panel.find(".panel-body").is(":visible")?(panel.find(expandables).slideUp("fast"),panel.find(".expander > .fa-minus").removeClass("fa-minus").addClass("fa-plus")):(panel.find(expandables).slideDown("fast"),panel.find(".expander > .fa-plus").removeClass("fa-plus").addClass("fa-minus"))})),$("#modal-find-out-more").css({width:.8*$("#container").width()+"px","margin-left":-.4*$("#container").width()+"px"}),$(".modal-xxl").length){var modalTopPos=Math.round(.07*$(window).height());$(window).width()>1200&&$(".modal-xxl").css({"max-width":$(window).width()>960?"960px":$(window).width()+"px",width:$(window).width()>960?"960px":$(window).width()+"px","margin-left":$(window).width()>960?"-480px":Math.round($(window).width()/2)}),$(".modal-xxl").css("top",modalTopPos+"px"),$(".modal-xxl").on("shown",(function(){var mHeaderH=$(this).find(".modal-header").outerHeight(),mBody=$(this).find(".modal-body"),mBodyH=mBody.outerHeight(),mFooterH=$(this).find(".modal-footer").outerHeight(),bottomOfTheModal=modalTopPos+mHeaderH+mBodyH+mFooterH;if(bottomOfTheModal<$(window).height())mBodyH+=$(window).height()-bottomOfTheModal-60,mBody.css("max-height",mBodyH+"px");else{$(window).scrollTop(0),modalTopPos=10,$(".modal-xxl").css("top",modalTopPos+"px"),bottomOfTheModal=modalTopPos+mHeaderH+mBodyH+mFooterH,availableScroll=bottomOfTheModal-$(window).height()+modalTopPos;var lastPos=-1;$(window).on("scroll",(function(){var s=$(window).scrollTop()>availableScroll?availableScroll:$(window).scrollTop();newPos=modalTopPos-s,newPos!=lastPos&&($(".modal-xxl").css("top",newPos+"px"),lastPos=newPos)}))}}))}function popupHelp(url,title,w,h){var dualScreenLeft=void 0!==window.screenLeft?window.screenLeft:screen.left,dualScreenTop=void 0!==window.screenTop?window.screenTop:screen.top,width,height,left=(window.innerWidth?window.innerWidth:document.documentElement.clientWidth?document.documentElement.clientWidth:screen.width)/2-w/2+dualScreenLeft,top=(window.innerHeight?window.innerHeight:document.documentElement.clientHeight?document.documentElement.clientHeight:screen.height)/2-h/2+dualScreenTop,newWindow=window.open(url,title,"menubar=no,location=no,resizable=0, width="+w+", height="+h+", top="+top+", left="+left);return window.focus&&(newWindow?newWindow.focus():$('<div class="alert alert-warning" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><p class="help-block">Pop Up blocked. Please allow Pop Ups in your browser settings.</p></div>').insertBefore("body")),newWindow}if($(".open-student-access-help").click((function(e){e.preventDefault();var h=$(window).height()-20,w=$(window).width()<1280?$(window).width():1280;popupHelp(helpURL,"Student Access Help",w,h)})),$(".pop-up-help").click((function(e){e.preventDefault();var url=$(this).attr("href"),title=$(this).data("title"),h=$(window).height()-20,w;popupHelp(url,title,$(window).width()<1280?$(window).width():1280,h)})),$("section.tib-hiddenbox").length){var count=0;$($("section.tib-hiddenbox").get().reverse()).each((function(){var box=$(this),revealButton;$("<a />").attr("class","btn showhider").attr("rel","hiddenBoxContent"+count).attr("style","margin-bottom: 0;").html('<i class="fa fa-eye"></i>').insertBefore(box);var newContainer=$("<div />").attr("class","hidden-content").attr("id","hiddenBoxContent"+count).html(box.html());newContainer.hide(),newContainer.insertBefore(box),box.remove(),count++})),$("a.showhider").on("click",(function(e){var container=$("#"+$(this).attr("rel"));container.is(":hidden")?(container.fadeIn("fast"),$(this).html('<i class="fa fa-eye-slash"></i>')):(container.fadeOut("fast"),$(this).html('<i class="fa fa-eye"></i>'))}))}
$('img.ico[src="/img/icons/comments.png"]').each((function(){var t=$(this).attr("title");$(this).removeAttr("title"),$(this).wrap('<a class="tib-popover" href="#" data-content="'+t+'" data-togle="popover" data-placement="top" />')})),$('img.ico[src="../../../img/icons/comments.png"]').each((function(){var t=$(this).attr("title");$(this).removeAttr("title"),$(this).wrap('<a class="tib-popover" href="#" data-content="'+t+'" data-togle="popover" data-placement="top" />')})),$(".tib-popover").popover({html:!0,trigger:"hover",delay:{show:300,hide:300},placement:function(t,e){var o=$(e).position();return o.top>200?"top":o.left<515?"right":o.top<200?"bottom":o.left>515?"left":"top"}}).click((function(t){t.preventDefault()}));var carouselTime=6500;$("div.carousel.slide").carousel({interval:carouselTime}),$(".tib-indicators > img").click((function(){var t=$(this).index(),e;$(this).closest(".carousel.slide").carousel(t)})),setShowResultsListeners($("#container")),addMarksThreads($("#modal-std-write"));
$('a.btn.showhider').click(function(e) {
var showHiderId = $( this ).attr('rel');
if( $('#'+showHiderId).find('iframe').length > 0 ) {
$('#'+showHiderId+' iframe').each(function() {
if ( $(this).attr('src').indexOf('.pdf') > 0 ) {
this.contentWindow.location.reload(true);
}
});
}
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>