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<div id="main-column" class="span9"> <article id="brochure-leaflet-etc" style="margin-top: 16px;">
<h1 class="section-title">Brochure, leaflet, etc</h1>
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<div class="greenBg"><h3>KEY FEATURES</h3><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>context, audience, purpose</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* the context will usually be set out in the question e.g. the problem to which the pamphlet is going to propose a solution</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* the audience will usually be pretty clearly defined by how context and purpose are linked e.g. if the context is the need for healthy exercise among young people and the purpose is to promote a new sports centre, the audience will be... young people (who may or may not be interested in exercise!)</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* the basic purpose of these text types is publicity - and this can be divided broadly into <u>'inform'</u> (e.g. health information) and <u>'promote'</u> (e.g. selling something)... although typically both elements are required in different proportions</p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>register and tone</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will use a semi-formal to formal register</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* the tone will tend to be simple and direct - i.e. to convey the sense of honest address</p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><u><strong>conventions</strong></u> - </span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will have an engaging title, which attracts attention</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will identify ideas with format techniques such as sub-headings, bullet points, numbering etc</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">* will include practical aspects of the leaflet like “contact us”, or “a phone number and/or an email address”.</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;">* will have a short introduction and a conclusion</p><p style="margin-left: 80px;"><span style="color:#4B0082;"><em><strong>NOTE:</strong> Graphic design as such is not marked</em></span></p><div class="yellowBg"><h4><span style="color:#FF0000;">Appropriate?</span></h4><p><span style="color:#FF0000;">A<strong> brochure / leaflet</strong> will be appropriate if the task requires you to<span style="color:#FF0000;"><span style="color:#FF0000;"> present information widely, in a clear and direct way. The audience will usually be the public in general, although the text may be targeted at specific sections of the general public (e.g. young people, people who live in a particular place, etc). The point is that a brochure/ leaflet can be 'broadcast' - it can be given out freely to anybody, and you don't need contact addresses. </span> </span></span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;"><em>Not to be confused with...</em></span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;">...<strong> <em>'speech, presentation' </em></strong><em>or<strong> 'proposal'</strong> or '<span style="color:#FF0000;"><strong>set of instructions or guidelines</strong></span>'</em> ... a <em>'speech' </em>or a <em>'presentation'</em> is oral, and requires </span><span style="color:#FF0000;"><span style="color:#FF0000;"><span style="color:#FF0000;">people in a special place at a special time - so how do you get all of your target audience there? In addition, you can <u>refer</u> to a brochure/leaflet, but you can't keep an oral presentation. A brochure/leaflet is often used to propose ideas (e.g. political leaflets), but a <em>'proposal' </em>is usually a formal document presenting facts and figures for serious discussion, and is not really a form of publicity, selling something (persuading, yes, but that's different). A <span style="color:#FF0000;"><em>'<span style="color:#FF0000;">set of instructions or guidelines</span>'</em> is intended to be <u>practical</u> - the text type(s) is intended to show people what they ought to do, in clearly explained situations: it is intended to help, not to sell or to convince.</span></span></span></span></p></div></div><h4><em>Not so much a text type, more a list... </em></h4><p>Just to clarify, printers distinguish these different types of publication by their physical form : a <em>flyer</em> is a single sheet ... a <em>leaflet</em> is a single sheet ... <em>pamphlets</em> is usually a single sheet, but <u>folded</u> ... and<em> brochures</em> are multiple sheets, usually stapled together into a 'booklet' format ... and <em>advertisements</em> are...well, anything at all, really.</p><p>These distinctions are really all to do with the form and format of publishing techniques, and the students will not be assessed on their handling of such technicalities. Again, note that <span style="color:#4B0082;"><em>Graphic design as such is not marked</em></span></p><p>What all of these formats have in common is that they are concerned to disseminate information quickly and concisely. The task may define an emphasis on informing (e.g the health leaflet) or on promoting (e.g. the publicity brochure).</p><h3>Format and Approach discussed</h3><p><u><em><strong>Basic Format</strong></em></u></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">- <em>Main heading</em> (informing), or <em>slogan</em> (promoting)</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">- <em>Use of multiple sections</em> : identified by bullet points, lines, stars, etc</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">- <em>Subheadings</em> : used to show the steps/stages of the argument</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>- Succinct explanation</em> : individual concepts / ideas are presented clearly and quickly</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">- <em>Background information</em> : e.g. 'Contact us' + phone number / email</p><p><u><em>Design & layout</em> </u> - All of these types of text depend heavily on visual impact. However, please note that English B Paper 2 is a language exam, not a graphic design exam. In short, there is nothing specific in the marking criteria which will reward skilful drawing - at best, a laboriously-worked layout might earn the top mark because the leaflet is "clearly recognisable". There is nothing wrong in students with artistic talents doing attractive layouts, but the emphasis in teaching should be on the "multiple sections" and "lucid overall structure of argument" mentioned in the summary in the box at the top. Such sections and overall structure can be indicated perfectly effectively in pure text. A way of putting it to the students might be to tell them to imagine that they are writing the draft copy which will be given to a professional designer.</p><p>The page <a href="../17050/leaflets-pamphlets.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Explanation » Leaflets & pamphlets">Leaflets & pamphlets</a> discusses this issue in detail.</p><p><u><em><strong>Approach</strong></em></u></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><em>> 'address'</em> - all of these text types include the idea of a form of direct address to a target audience … are there indications that the student understands this, and expresses such address? Direct address most usually involves personal pronouns:<em> "If you are a student, you need to know that..."</em></span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><em>> 'promotional language</em>' – usually, these text types are all hortatory: they encourage the target audience to agree with what is being presented, to 'buy the idea' … so to what extent does the style + rhetoric achieve this effect?</span></p><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><em>> lucid step-by-step overall argument</em> : individual points are linked together into a convincing sequence of ideas</p><h4>Relevant writing purposes</h4><p>Above all, students should be taught the skills of effective <a href="../1237/explanation.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Explanation">Explanation</a> - and this may also involve producing competent <a href="../1233/description.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Description">Description</a> and, depending on the task, <a href="../1238/argument.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Writing purposes » Argument">Argument</a> in order to present a case forcefully.</p><div class="blueBg"><h3><strong>Materials & models</strong></h3><p>> <a href="../28227/how-to-write-a-pamphlet.html" title="Writing » Text type expectations » Brochure, leaflet, etc » How to write a pamphlet">How to write a pamphlet</a> ... a model example of a skilfully designed promotional text - written by an English B teacher!</p><p>> <a href="../17050/leaflets-pamphlets.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Explanation » Argumentative » Leaflets & pamphlets">Leaflets & pamphlets</a> ... analysis of a pair of student-written pamphlets, illustrating the strengths and weaknesses of each</p><p>> <a href="../3760/book.html" title="Teaching Skills » Teaching Writing » Explanation » Argumentative » BOOK">BOOK</a> ... skilful parody of publicity for selling technology - but actually used to promote the old-fashioned book!</p></div><div class="yellowBg"><h3>Suggested 'new style' exam tasks</h3><p><span style="color:#006400;"><em>The following are possible adaptations of some of the 'old style' tasks listed below. Each provides three optional text types, arranged in the order of (i) appropriate; (ii) generally appropriate; (iii) inappropriate - if you use them, clearly, you should randomise the choices.</em></span></p><p><span style="color:#006400;"><em>Two versions are presented: one for HL, with three required elements, and one for SL, with two required elements.</em></span></p><hr class="hidden"><p>(HL) In your school, stress is causing problems for many of your fellow students, and the school authorities have decided to launch a campaign to overcome this problem. You have been asked to help by writing a text to promote this campaign. The text should describe the possible symptoms of stress, explain the most common causes, and suggest ways in which stress can be avoided.</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) Leaflet .... (ii) News report .... (iii) Review</p><p>(SL) In your school, stress is causing problems for many of your fellow students, and the school authorities have decided to launch a campaign to overcome this problem. You have been asked to help by writing a text to promote this campaign. The text should explain the most common causes, and suggest ways in which stress can be avoided.</p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) Leaflet .... (ii) News report .... (iii) Review</p><p>**********</p><p>(HL) In order to develop Multicultural Understanding, your school has designed a programme of activities to promote better understanding of the different cultures in the community around the school. You have been asked to write a text to present this programme to all your fellow students. The text should give useful basic information, describe the different activities, and encourage everyone to take part. </p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) Leaflet .... (ii) Interview .... (iii) Email</p><p>(SL) In order to develop Multicultural Understanding, your school has designed a programme of activities to promote better understanding of the different cultures in the community around the school. You have been asked to write a text to present this programme to all your fellow students. The text should describe the different activities, and encourage everyone to take part. </p><p style="text-align: center;">(i) Leaflet .... (ii) Interview .... (iii) Email</p></div><div><div class="pinkBg"><h3>Recent exam tasks ('old' style)</h3><p>Stress is one of the reasons why many students do not do well in their exams. Write a pamphlet to be distributed to students at your school in which you explain the possible symptoms as well as causes of stress, and suggest ways in which they can be avoided. (HL M13)</p><p>You and your classmates are going on a week-long expedition. As the team leader, you have researched the area well, including possible dangers and risks. To help your team members, write a pamphlet giving advice on how to stay healthy and safe during the expedition. (SL N13)</p><p>Your local council recently decided to start actively supporting young people who would like to stop smoking. You have been set the task of writing a pamphlet which will include information on the dangers of smoking and tips on how to give up this habit. Write the pamphlet. (SL N14)</p><p>Recent research has shown that modern teenagers do less physical exercise than their parents did. You find this shocking! Write a leaflet to be put on the school noticeboard in which you suggest fun ways for young people to incorporate exercise into their daily lives. (SL M15)</p><p>The capital of your country is actively marketing the city to English-speaking tourists and all local schools have been invited to take part in this important venture. Write a promotional pamphlet covering aspects from both the past and the present of the city. (HL N15)</p><p>Your school is organizing an art exhibition in which a number of different customs and traditions will be celebrated. To promote the exhibition, write a brochure to be handed out at the exhibition’s entrance, describing the different exhibits and explaining how they represent customs and traditions. (HL M16)</p><p align="left">A local fast food restaurant has started making special offers for students at your school. You are worried about the negative effects this may have on their health. As a member of the Student Council, write a brochure to be distributed at your school, giving advice on how to enjoy fast food responsibly and warning them against the negative effects of this kind of food. (SL M16)</p><p align="left">As part of your school activities, you designed a summer programme for your peers that aims to create better understanding of the different cultures in your community. Write a brochure in which you promote the programme and describe the different activities in which students will be participating. (HL M17)</p><p align="left">You love going to the cinema. You have decided to create a film club to discuss and share films with other cinema fans in your local area. Write a leaflet giving information about the club and encouraging people to join. (SL M17)</p><p align="left">A local newspaper report alerted the people of your town that there has been an outbreak of an infectious disease. You are worried about this news. Write a leaflet for your fellow students drawing attention to the dangerous effects of this disease and suggesting how they can protect both themselves and others from it. (SL N17)</p><p>Many students at your school are exercising too much because they think it is the only way to remain healthy. As the captain of the athletics club, you would like to raise awareness about this problem. 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