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data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-feedback" style="margin-bottom: 10px"><i class="fa fa-send"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;Feedback</button> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-9" id="main-column"> <h1 class="page_title"> 1.1 Standard Index Form <a href="#" class="mark-page-favorite pull-right" data-pid="2117" title="Mark as favorite" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-star-o"></i></a> </h1> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="../../../mathsapplications.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><a href="../1057/number-and-algebra.html">Number and Algebra</a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><span class="gray">1.1 Standard Index Form </span></li> <span class="pull-right" style="color: #555" title="Suggested study time: 30 minutes"><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 30&apos;</span> </ol> <article id="main-article"> <div class="intro-card"> <div class="bg-cover" style="background-image: url('/media/mathsapplications/atom.png');">&nbsp;</div> <img src="../../atom-1.png" style="display: none"> <div class="content"> <h3 class="theading"><span class="math-tex">\(a \times 10^k, \space where \space 1 \leq a&lt;10 \space and \space k\in \mathbb{Z}\)</span></h3> <p class="text">This is a small sup-topic to introduce or recap numbers in standard form. We will learn how to convert between numbers in standard form and base form, alongside learning how to operate with this succinct and helpful way to express numbers.&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-turquoise"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Key Concepts</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-fe8981b2-7fff-c3b0-0f29-5660053639d1"></span></p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-fe8981b2-7fff-c3b0-0f29-5660053639d1">In this unit you should learn to&hellip;</span></p> <ul style="list-style-type:disc;"> <li aria-level="1" dir="ltr"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Convert numbers from standard form to normal form and vice versa.&nbsp;</p> </li> <li aria-level="1" dir="ltr"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Apply your understanding of standard form in applications questions.&nbsp;</p> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div>&nbsp;</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-yellow"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Essentials</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <h3>Learn about it</h3> <p>The following is a series of videos that will help you understand, learn about and review this sub-topic.</p> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-yellow"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>&nbsp;1.&nbsp;Introducing Standard Form</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>Why do we need a different way of representing numbers? What pre-requisite knowledge do I need to be able to access this topic?</p> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/413907833"></iframe></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div>&nbsp;</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-yellow panel-expandable"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>&nbsp;2. Converting numbers</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>Can you convert a number from standard form to normal form? What about the other way around?</p> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/413908435"></iframe></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div>&nbsp;</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-yellow panel-expandable"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>3. Specifying Numbers in Standard Form</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <p>Let&#39;s be a little more specific on the exact definition of numbers in standard form.</p> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/413909365"></iframe></div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div>&nbsp;</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-yellow panel-expandable"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>4. Applications of Standard Form</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>Three problems which highlight important aspects of using standard form in applied questions.</p> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/413909793"></iframe></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-violet"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Summary</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <p><img alt="" src="../../images/dans-images/flashcard.png" style="width: 875px; height: 490px; float: right;"></p> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div>&nbsp;</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-green"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Test yourself</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <h4>Quiz</h4> <p>Practice your understanding on these quiz questions. Check your answers when you are done and read the worked solutions when you get stuck. If you find there are still some gaps in your understanding then go back to the videos above<em>.</em></p> <button class="btn btn-xs bg-turquoise showhider"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-plus"></i></button><section class="hiddenbox hidden"> <div class="tib-quiz" data-stats="15-456-2117"><div class="label label-default q-number">1</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Convert the speed of light, <span class="math-tex">\(300000000\space ms^{-1}\)</span>, into standard form. </p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(3\times10^{7}\)</span></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(3\times10^{8}\)</span></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(0.3\times10^{9}\)</span></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(30\times10^{7}\)</span></label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The first number has to be a number between <span class="math-tex">\(1\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span>(<span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span> not included). If we insert a decimal point after the digit <span class="math-tex">\(3\)</span>, then count how many times we must move that point to get to the end of the number, that provides the power of <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span> required.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">2</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Write 50200 in the form <span class="math-tex">\(a\times 10^{k}, where\space 1\leq a&lt;10\space and\space k \in \mathbb{Z}\)</span>.</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span><span class="math-tex">\(5.02\times10^{4}\)</span></span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span><span class="math-tex">\(5.02\times10^{3}\)</span></span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span><span class="math-tex">\(5\times10^{4}\)</span></span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span><span class="math-tex">\(5.2\times10^{4}\)</span></span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The first number has to be a number between <span class="math-tex">\(1\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span>(<span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span> not included). If we insert a decimal point after the digit <span class="math-tex">\(5\)</span>, then count how many times we must move that point to get to the end of the number, that provides the power of <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span> required.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">3</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The population of Beijing is approximately <span class="math-tex">\(21.5\)</span> million people. Write this in standard form.</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span><span class="math-tex">\(21.5\times10^{6}\)</span></span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span><span class="math-tex">\(2.15\times10^{6}\)</span></span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input type="radio"> <span><span class="math-tex">\(21.5\times10^{7}\)</span></span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"> <input class="c" type="radio"> <span><span class="math-tex">\(2.15\times10^{7}\)</span></span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Since <span class="math-tex">\(1\)</span> million is <span class="math-tex">\(10^6\)</span>, we start by writing the number as <span class="math-tex">\(21.5\times10^{6}\)</span>. The first number has to be a number between <span class="math-tex">\(1\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span>(<span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span> not included), we must divide it by <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span>. To balance out that division so as not to change the number, we must multiply <span class="math-tex">\(10^6\)</span> by <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span>. This gives the answer shown.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">4</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Convert <span class="math-tex">\(1.2\times10^{3}\)</span> into normal form.</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="1200"> <span class="review"></span> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Start by writing out the first number, <span class="math-tex">\(1.2\)</span>, and since the power is <span class="math-tex">\(3\)</span>, move the decimal point to the right <span class="math-tex">\(3\)</span> places. Then fill in the gaps with zeros.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">5</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Convert <span class="math-tex">\(5.5\times10^{-4}\)</span> into normal form.</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="0.00055"> <span class="review"></span> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Start by writing out the first number, <span class="math-tex">\(5.5\)</span>, and since the power is minus <span class="math-tex">\(4\)</span>, move the decimal point to the left <span class="math-tex">\(4\)</span> places. Then fill in the gaps with zeros.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">6</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The average width of a red blood cell is <span class="math-tex">\(0.006\space mm\)</span>. Write this in the form <span class="math-tex">\(a\times 10^{k}, where\space 1\leq a&lt;10\space and\space k \in \mathbb{Z}\)</span>.</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(0.6\times10^4\)</span></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(6\times10^{-3}\)</span></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(6\times10^4\)</span></label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The first number has to be a number between <span class="math-tex">\(1\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span>(<span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span> not included). If we insert a decimal point after the digit <span class="math-tex">\(6\)</span>, then count how many times we must move that point to get to the decimal, that provides the power of <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span> required.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">7</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>How many zeros are there beteen the decimal point and the first significant figure of <span class="math-tex">\(4.63\times10^{-12}\)</span>?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="11"> <span class="review"></span> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The number given is <span class="math-tex">\(0.00000000000463\)</span>. There are <span class="math-tex">\(11\)</span> zeros between the decimal point and the first significant figure. </p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">8</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Water flows through a tube at a rate of <span class="math-tex">\(12\space ms^{-1}\)</span>. How long will it take to fill a pool with volume <span class="math-tex">\(1.7\times10^{3}\space m^{3}\)</span>? Leave your answer to the nearest second. </p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="142"> <span class="review"></span> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Division: <span class="math-tex">\((1.7\times10^{3})\div12=141.667 s\)</span>. The answer is shown to the nearest second. </p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">9</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>It takes light approximately 8 minutes to reach the Earth from the Sun. If light travels at <span class="math-tex">\(3\times10^{8}\space ms^{-1}\)</span>, calculate the distance between the Earth and the Sun. Give your answer in km, written in standard form.</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(1.8\times10^{10}\space km\)</span></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(1.44\times10^{8}\space km\)</span></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(1.44\times10^{11}\space km\)</span></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span class="math-tex">\(2.4\times10^{6}\space km\)</span></label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Since <span class="math-tex">\(8\)</span> minutes is <span class="math-tex">\(420\)</span> seconds, multiply <span class="math-tex">\(3\times10^{8}\times420=1.44\times10^{11}\space m\)</span>. To change metres into kilometres, we divide by <span class="math-tex">\(1000\)</span>. However, dividing by <span class="math-tex">\(10^{3}\)</span> is equivalent to subtracting <span class="math-tex">\(3\)</span> from the power, leaving <span class="math-tex">\(1.44\times10^{8}\space km\)</span>.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">10</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Write <span class="math-tex">\(600.7\times10^{-6}\)</span> the form <span class="math-tex">\(a\times 10^{k}, where\space 1\leq a&lt;10\space and\space k \in \mathbb{Z}\)</span>.</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><span class="math-tex">\(a=\)</span> <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="6.007"> <span class="review"></span> </p><p><span class="math-tex">\(k=\)</span> <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="-4"> <span class="review"></span> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Since the first number has to be a number between <span class="math-tex">\(1\)</span> and <span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span>(<span class="math-tex">\(10\)</span> not included), we must divide it by <span class="math-tex">\(100\)</span> or <span class="math-tex">\(10^{2}\)</span>. To balance out that division so as not to change the number, we must multiply <span class="math-tex">\(10^{-6}\)</span> by <span class="math-tex">\(10^2\)</span>. This gives the answer shown.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="totals"><span class="score"></span><button class="btn btn-success btn-block text-center check-total"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><hr> </section> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div>&nbsp;</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Exam Style Questions</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <p>The following questions are based on IB exam style questions from past exams. You should print these off (from the document at the top) and try to do these questions under exam conditions. Then you can check your work with the video solution.</p> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Question 1</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <p><img alt="" src="../../images/q1(2).png" style="width: 600px; height: 193px;"></p> <p>Video Solution</p> <button class="btn btn-xs bg-turquoise showhider"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-plus"></i></button><section class="hiddenbox hidden"> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/415269598"></iframe></div> </section> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div>&nbsp;</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-default panel-expandable"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>&nbsp;Question 2</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <p><img alt="" src="../../images/q2.png" style="width: 600px; height: 264px;"></p> <p>Video Solution</p> <button class="btn btn-xs bg-turquoise showhider"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-plus"></i></button><section class="hiddenbox hidden"> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/415269841"></iframe></div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-default panel-expandable"> <div class="panel-heading"> <div> <p>Question 3</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p><img alt="" src="../../images/q3.png" style="width: 600px; height: 196px;"></p> <p>Video Solution</p> <button class="btn btn-xs bg-turquoise showhider"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-plus"></i></button><section class="hiddenbox hidden"> <div class="video-embed vimeo"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" webkitallowfullscreen="" height="420" width="100%" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/415270058"></iframe></div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-container panel-self-assessment" data-id="2117"> <div class="panel-heading">MY PROGRESS</div> <div class="panel-body understanding-rate"> <div class="msg"></div>  <label class="label-lg">Self-assessment</label><p>How much of <strong>1.1 Standard Index Form </strong> have you understood?</p><div class="slider-container text-center"><div id="self-assessment-slider" class="sib-slider self-assessment " data-value="1" data-percentage=""></div></div>  <label class="label-lg">My notes</label> <textarea name="page-notes" class="form-control" rows="3" placeholder="Write your notes here..."></textarea> </div> 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