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Topic 8 Metabolism HL Paper 1 questions <a href="#" class="mark-page-favorite pull-right" data-pid="2888" title="Mark as favorite" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-star-o"></i></a> </h1> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="../../../biology.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><a href="../2876/paper-1-style-exam-questions.html">Paper 1 style Exam questions</a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><span class="gray">Topic 8 Metabolism HL Paper 1 questions</span></li> <span class="pull-right" style="color: #555" title="Suggested study time: 30 minutes"><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 30'</span> </ol> <article id="main-article"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Topic_1:_Cell_biology">Topic 8: <a class="internal-link" href="https://e.studyib.net/biology/page/470/08-metabolism-ahl">Metabolism HL</a></span> <img alt="" src="../../images/08_resp_photosn/enzyme_inhibitor.jpeg" style="float: right; height: 99px; width: 200px;"></h3> <p><span class="mw-headline">This page contains <strong>multiple choice questions</strong> in the style of Paper 1 of the Biology exams.<br> They test the breadth of your knowledge of the understandings and skills<strong> about HL Metabolism</strong>.</span><span class="mw-headline"><br> To spend more time reviewing the topic before answering these questions, use the revision resources.</span></p> <div class="index-list"> <div class="item"> <div class="bg-cover cover-96" onclick="window.location='/biology/page/470/08-metabolism-ahl'" style="background-image: url('../../images/02_molecules/respiration-1.png')" title="08 Metabolism AHL"> </div> <div class="content"> <h4 class="head"><a href="../470/08-metabolism-ahl.html">Metabolism HL revision resources</a></h4> <p class="body">This is an introduction to the HL Metabolism topic. It lists understandings and skills expected for Topic 7 including; extra details of enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, cell respiration and photosynthesis. Helpful for revision. Detailed revision...</p> </div> </div> </div> <p><span class="mw-headline">Learn from any mistakes. Every question has an examiner's explanation that appears when you check your answers.<span class="mw-headline"><span class="mw-headline"><span class="mw-headline"><img alt="" src="../../images/00_random-images/check-button.png" style="width: 80px; height: 35px;"></span></span></span></span></p> <div class="tib-quiz dyn-quiz" data-pid="2888" data-mtime="1675505942.7914"><div class="label label-default q-number">1</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Cells control metabolic pathways using several different methods?<br>Which of the following is not a method which is used by cells to control metabolism</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Changing the expression of a gene.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Methylation of enzymes.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> End product inhibition of a metabolic pathway.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Enzyme inhibition.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Cells can control metabolism using, expression of genes, inhibition, end product inhibition or hormones.</p><p>Methylation of DNA may control the expression of genes, but not methylation of enzymes.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">2</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What are the reactions which take place in the matrix of mitochondria?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Decarboxylation and chemiosmosis</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Link reaction and Krebs cycle</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Glycolysis and the link reaction</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Reduction of NAD and the electron transport chain</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The electron transport chain & chemiosmosis take place on or in the mitochondrion inner membrane.</p><p>Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm.</p><p>The link reaction occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria as does the Krebs cycle.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">3</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>In the light dependent reactions reduced NADP and oxygen are produced.<br>Which other important molecule is also synthesised?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Water.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> ATP.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Carbon dioxide. </label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Glucose.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>ATP is also produced in the light-dependent reactions by ATP synthase and chemiosmosis.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">4</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The diagram below shows photosystem II </p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/photosystem.jpg" style="width: 350px; height: 284px;"></p><p>Light energy is harvested by the large collection of chlorophyll molecules in photosystem II to excite an electron. How is this electron replaced?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> NADP is reduced.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Electrons move from the phospholipid bilayer.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Spare electrons from the reaction centre.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Electrons generated in photolysis.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Light absorbed by photosystem II generates excited electrons.</p><p>Photolysis of water produces H<sup>+</sup> ions, oxygen atoms and electrons which replace those excited in the light-dependent reactions.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">5</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The diagram below shows the Calvin cycle.</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/calvin-sysle.jpg" style="width: 350px; height: 271px;"></p><p>At which stage does carboxylation occur?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Stage 2 and stage 3</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Stage 2</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Stage 1</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Stage 1 and stage 3</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>RuBP carboxylase enzyme (RuBisCO) catalyses the carboxylation of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">6</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p><img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/chloroplast-sketch.png" style="width: 350px; height: 150px;"></p><p>How is the structure of the chloroplast membranes an adaptation to function efficiently?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The membranes are arranged into grana to help fixation of carbon dioxide.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The many membranes allow for rapid protein synthesis.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> There are many membranes to increase the surface area of the chloroplast envelope.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> There are many membranes to provide a location for the light dependent reactions.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The structure of the chloroplast is adapted to its function in photosynthesis<br>There are many membranes because this enables the chloroplast to have many chlorophyll molecules linked to electron carriers, for the light dependant reactions of photosynthesis.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">7</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>A famous 'lollipop' experiment was performed by Calvin and Benson in the 1950s.</p><p>Radioactive carbon dioxide was introduced into the "lollipop" and photosynthesis allowed to continue for just a few seconds, then repeated for longer and longer periods.</p><p>The products of photosynthesis were separated by two way chromatography.</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/calvincycle.jpg" style="width: 450px; height: 379px;"></p><p>What did Calvin and Benson find out using this technique?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> They discovered how many ATP molecules are made in the Calvin cycle.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> They discovered the names of all the chemicals in the Calvin cycle.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> They discovered the first molecule that the Carbon from carbon dioxide was fixed to.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> They discovered that white light makes photosynthesis happen at the fastest rate.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><ul><li> Algae cells were exposed to <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> and light in "lollipop"-shaped flask.</li><li><sup>14</sup>C is radioactive.</li><li>Any molecules containing the <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2 </sub>carbon atoms will become radioactive and can be detected.</li></ul><p>Results of Calvin's work</p><ul><li>When light exposure was only 7 seconds, 12 compounds were radioactively labeled.</li><li>When light exposure was reduced to 2 seconds, most of the radioactive carbon was in just one compound, 3-PGA</li><li>It was concluded PGA must be the first molecule CO<sub>2</sub> is fixed to.</li></ul></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">8</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">Which of the following moves from the cell cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix during aerobic respiration? I Oxygen II ADP III Glucose IV Pyruvate?</span></p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/topic-3-images/mito.png" style="width: 200px; height: 207px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">All of the above.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">I, III only.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">I, II, IV only.</span></label> <label class="radio"></label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">I, II, III only.</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">Pyruvate (using a transporter protein), oxygen and ADP enter the mitochondrial matrix from the cytoplasm.</span></p></div><div class="remove-section" style="display: none;" title="Remove question field"> </div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">9</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>How do hydrogen ions travel from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Through ATP synthase against their concentration gradient.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Through the membrane down their concentration gradient.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Down their concentration gradient using proton pumps.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Through ATP synthase down their concentration gradient.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The inner membrane is only permeable to hydrogen ions through the ATP synthase channels and they travel down their concentration gradient.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">10</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which statement best describes chemiosmosis in mitochondria?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Diffusion of protons through the mitochondrial inner membrane to form ATP by phosphorylation.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Diffusion of protons through the inner mitochondrial membrane to the intermembrane space.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Creation of a proton gradient by the electron transport chain and phosphorylation of ADP.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Diffusion of protons from the intermembrane space through ATP synthase.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Chemiosmosis is the diffusion of ions through a partially permeable membrane.<br>In mitochondria the ions are protons (hydrogen ions) and they diffuse through ATP synthase in mitochondrial inner membranes. <br>ATP synthase makes the inner mitochondrial membrane partially permeable allowing chemiosmosis.<br>Energy is collected from this process by ATP synthase and used to make ATP, but chemiosmosis is just the diffusion of the protons.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">11</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The electron transport chain on the mitochondrial inner membrane carries electrons through membrane proteins.<br>What other chemical is moved during this process?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Electron carriers move along the membrane towards the ATP synthase.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Protons are moved into the matrix.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> ATP is moved to ATP synthase.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Protons are moved into the inner membrane space.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The movement of electrons down the electron transport chain provides the energy to pump protons into the intermembrane space.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">12</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following can be produced by anaerobic respiration?</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">I Lactic acid</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">II Carbon dioxide</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">III Ethanol</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">IV ATP.</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> I, III, IV only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> I, II only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> I, II, IV only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> All of the above.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Anaerobic respiration in fungi produces ethanol and carbon dioxide. In humans anaerobic respiration produces Lactic acid as a waste product.<br>Small amounts of ATP are also produced by anaerobic respiration.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">13</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What is meant by the term, 'limiting factor' in photosynthesis?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The factor which has a very limited effect on the rate of photosynthesis as it increases.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The carbon dioxide concentration of the air which is only 0.04%.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The factor which is in greatest supply in particular experimental conditions.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> The factor which prevents the rate of photosynthesis increasing in particular experimental or environmental conditions.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>When a process depends on a number of factors, like photosynthesis, its rate is limited by the factor which is in shortest supply. A limiting factor is the one factor out of several factors needed for a process that is actually preventing an increase in the rate of the process. This can be in experimental or natural conditions.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">14</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>How is ATP produced in photosynthesis?</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/2025-richard/c1.2-atp.jpg" style="width: 200px; height: 117px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> By ATP synthase in the stroma of the chloroplast using a proton gradient.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> By RuBP in the thylakoid membrane using a proton gradient.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> By aerobic respiration in the stoma of the chloroplast.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> By ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane using a proton gradient.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>A proton gradient is generated by electron carriers. ATP synthase is located in the thylakoid membrane and uses the proton gradient to provide energy to synthesise ATP.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">15</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What is the triose phosphate produced in the light independent reactions of photosynthesis used for?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Regeneration of NADP.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Production of ATP.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Production of G3P.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Production of carbohydrate and regeneration of RuBP.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Triose phosphate is used to regenerate RuBP in the Calvin cycle and some is used to manufacture glucose and other carbohydrates.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">16</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">Acarbose, structure shown below, is a competitive reversible inhibitor of pancreatic amylase prescribed to diabetics to lower blood glucose levels after a meal. How would it achieve this effect?</span></p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/topic-3-images/topic-8/topic-8/8.2-acarbosse_structural_formula.png" style="width: 250px; height: 111px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">By binding permanently to the active site of pancreatic amylase and preventing starch digestion.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">By binding temporarily to the active site of pancreatic amylase and slowing starch digestion.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">By binding temporarily to the active site of pancreatic amylase and preventing starch digestion.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">By binding temporarily to the allosteric site of pancreatic amylase and slowing starch digestion.</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">As a competitive reversible inhibitor, acarbose binds temporarily to the active site of amylase and slows digestion of starch.</span> (Read the question carefully, especially when it contains novel information).</p></div><div class="remove-section" style="display: none;" title="Remove question field"> </div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">17</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">Which of the following moves from a muscle cell to the mitochondrial matrix to be during aerobic respiration to be later used for muscular contraction? I Oxygen II ATP III ADP IV Phosphate?</span></p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/topic-3-images/topic-8/topic-8/mito.png" style="width: 180px; height: 186px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> III only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> I, III, IV only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> III, IV only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> II only.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">When ATP is used in muscular contraction it forms ADP and phosphate. These enter the mitochondrion to be resynthesised into ATP for further contractions. Oxygen is not directly used for muscular contraction.</span></p></div><div class="remove-section" style="display: none;" title="Remove question field"> </div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">18</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">Which of the following moves from the thylakoid membranes to the stroma of the chloroplast during daylight? </span></p><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">I NADPH+H<sup>+</sup> </span></p><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">II ATP </span></p><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">III Glucose </span></p><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">IV Triose phosphate?</span></p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/topic-3-images/topic-8/topic-8/8.3-chloroplasten.jpg" style="width: 220px; height: 143px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">I, II, IV only.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">I, II only.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> All of the above.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> I only.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">ATP and NADPH+H<sup>+ </sup>are made in the light-dependent reaction in the thylakoid membranes and used in the Calvin Cycle in the stroma to fix carbon dioxide and form carbohydrates.</span></p></div><div class="remove-section" style="display: none;" title="Remove question field"> </div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">19</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">Which of the following is a function of the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast?</span></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">To excite electrons to form ATP and NADPH<sup>+</sup>.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">To link carbon fixation to ATP and NADPH<sup>+ </sup>formation.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">To link proton gradients to ATP and NADPH<sup>+ </sup>formation.</span></label> </p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> <span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">To trap light energy to form carbohydrates.</span></label> </p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p><span calibri="" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;
font-family:">The thylakoid membranes generate ATP and NADPH<sup>+</sup> using excited electrons to form proton gradients. The excited electrons are derived from light energy trapped by chlorophyl and replaced from water.</span></p></div><div class="remove-section" style="display: none;" title="Remove question field"> </div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">20</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which molecule transfers energy from aerobic respiration to the electron transport chain?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> NAD<sup>+</sup>.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Reduced NAD.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> ATP.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Oxygen.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Reduced NAD transfers electrons (and their energy) to the electron transport chain.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="totals"><span class="score"></span><button class="btn btn-success btn-block text-center check-total"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><hr> <p>Refresh this page to try a new set of 20 multiple choice questions. 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